Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 August 1950 — Page 22
Give Lighs- ont the. Posie Will Find TAN UWS wey
“anyone for making & mistake.
Our Armchair ‘General’ i AFTER the last war certain Washington columnists with pinkish sympathies and closely allied with the
‘State Department built up a popular misconception that the
ment. Operating behind that lingering smoke screen, the Sec~ retary of State has in fact usurped functions of the Joint
voice in the determination of policies of primary concern to them. When their views were submitted in writing,
they conflicted with State Department thinking or prejudices.
which has existed for more than four years. This accounts for the glaring deficiencies in our defense arrangements both in Europe and Asia. Fortunately, Congress is becoming increasingly aware of this condition, ) When Congress voted a loan to Spain over White House and State Department objections, that was plainly a vote of no confidence in Secretary Acheson and the present. conduct of American foreign policy. Secretary Acheson's military background consists of a few months’ service in the Navy in World War I. Yet he has not hesitated to substitute his views for those of .the Army and Navy on basic problems of national and world
cans are planning to make an issue of it. It may be the _ only way to correct a situation that involves our survival” as a free nation. Ww While Secretary Atheson has been operating as an armchair general, he has neglected his own responsibilities, All of the billions we have spent in Europe haven't produced a single new division to join us on the fighting front if Russia marches West.
-— NO WONDER Europeans now a that we furnish the men as well as the money and the machines for their defense. Our reckless generosity has led them to believe that Uncle Sugar is a year-round Santa Claus. We no longer ask them to come #nd get it. We take it to them and ~ promise | hat it will be more the next time, as Secretary Ach lid on his last trip to London. a tip-off on events to come when we found ourselves standing alone in far-off Kored, with the only offer of immediate assistance coming from Chiang Kai-shek, our
loyal ally of World War 11 whom the State Department h had L disowned. :
ALL of Europe, which has been Mr. Acheson's play-
generals and admirals had taken over the federal govern- :
Chiefs of Staff. Our military leaders have been denied a
- ‘THE MacArthur incident simply highlights a situation -. {{
MEMBERS of Corigress know this, and the Republi-
REARMING GERMANY
. By Peter Edson
Red Tape Fouls Europe Defense
~WASHINGTON, Aug. 31 Rearming of Western Germany is now the number one question in planning the defense of Europe against communism, But in dealing with this problem, the main difficulty seems to be a multiplicity of international committees, all. of which have some interest in the problem, but none of which seems to have final responsibility. Anyone who is not completely confused by the present jumble of international committees is either an expert at diplomatic red tape or is not normal, Even the higher-ups inside this maze admit
*privately-that there are too many groups writ=
ing memos to éach other. What this points to ‘Is the need for immediate simplification, One gander at the overlapping organization charts should ‘be enough to convert anyone to the “Atlantic “Union Now” idea. Or “else it proves “that a One World Government is organizationally impoasible,
At the top of today's pile is x Council of
Foreign Ministers. This is a somewhat loose ‘organization. It was not created by the laws
field. What purpose is now served by trying to make a goat of Gen, MacArthur, the man called upon to put out the fire started by the wiseacres in the State Departiien: ! Is this —attempt-to gag him just-the beginning? - May we expect Gen. MacArthur to he viamed Yor not having enough troops to match the armies Stalin was training while Secretary Acheson was waiting for the dust to settle? :
Pass UMT Now
NCE MORE President Truman has backed away from - Universal Military Training, so badly needed-—now-—to . plug one of the most serious gaps in our preparedness plans He told the Senate and House Armed Services Com~Fittés that he was still "Very much ii Tavor™ of the Tegislation, but he didn't think it heeded to be passed at this seasion of Congress. Reason for his stand, he said, was that military manpower and training camps were not available to 0 put the pro- — gram into immediate operation. - He suggested that the law be put on the books “at-an early date,” préferably next January.
» * WE THINK it would be dangerously neglectful if €ongress adjourned for the fall election campaign Without pass- . ing the UMT bill: It's not necessary to start with a full-scale ini such as would require a serious drain om our present armed TMervice manpower for instructors, or on existing camps. Senators were told last week by the Defense Department that the program could start with less than 100,000 youths, and then be built up gradually over a period of two or three years to the estimated one million young men who reach 18 each year. vi That sounds feasible and sensible—and it should refute the President's argument that UMT could not possibly be put into effect at once. * This is a vital part of our military defense program, and - Congress is clearly in the mood to pass it. There is grave risk in shunting it aside now in the hope that it might be more propitiously considered next January.
Dovils Rides Again CHIEF American gadfly in Russia's book, no doubt, is Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas. : For the second year in suecession, Bill Douglas has hung up his judicial robes and buzzed off to Iran—a ‘particularly sensitive spot on the Reds’ nether flank. Last summer the eminent Justice and his son went mountain. climbing in the same area. Naturally it didn't make sense to the Russians, so to be on the safe side they dubbed Bill, “big devil from America,” and his son, with palpable lack of imagination, “little devil from America. 4
IT DIDN'T work, for the intrepid Douglas is back - fouring Western Iran.on.a burro—deceptive and probably ' more insidious than ever to the Russians. But this time radio Moscow adds alittle spick to the charges against the distinguished visitor. It says he's burrowing from within in an "activity against the Soviet Union and Britain,” - Obviously - Moscow hopes to induce Britain to help gang up on Douglas. _ Anyway, it's good news that the Tustin: is riding a re October he toppled from a horse in this eoun- «+ try and fractured 23 of his ribs. From a burro it would | bea shorter fall to theground. . ~:~
of any participating country, Like Topsy, it “jus growed.” - Its meetings are irregular and infrequent, Its membership is limited or unlimited to whatever area it may wish to consider.
No Definite Number
A COUNCIL of Foreign Ministers can be the Big Three-—America, Britain and France Or it can represent the five Brussels Pact nations - Britain, France, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg. Or the 12 Atlantic Pact countries. Or the 15 Council of Europe members, Or the 22 Marshall Plan countries in the Organization for European Economic Co-operation—OEEC, In spite of all this flexibility, the work of a Council of Foreign Ministers is not to be minimized. It was out of such a council's deliberations that both the Brussels Pact of 1948 and the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 were born. The Brussels Pact set up the Union of Western Europe organization for mufual defense, ecoporale, social and cultural co-operation. Chief unctionary.--of the Brussels. Pact organization. — = really Lord Montgomery of Alamein. Gen, Montgomery's title is chairman of the Commanders in Chief of European Ground Forces. His headquarters are at Fontainbleau, France, The North Atlantic Treaty Organization - ‘now. known as NATO--—was set up as practically a duplicate of the Brussels organization. Only it takes in 12 countries instead of five. This is what the present, complex NATO looks Hke: — The real governing body is the North Atlantic Council, It is made up of the Foreign
FOSTER'S FOLLIES
With the 27th: Infantry Regiment, Korea -
A goffee pot knocked off the table by machine-
gun fire was the first warning of an early morning North Korean. surprise attack.
If the shooting stops tomorrow, There's no reason for surprise, —If those Gooks meet early sorrow; They've brought on their demise. You can strafe GI's with lava, - You can otherwise offend, But to spoil their morning java? Listen, brother, that's the end.
“SIDE GLANCES
w.af 2
sr red hl EE sl “In i oie posters that said ‘jin the army,’ you quis wers
ewan, miley and singing end iuling jolae ow isles!’ soduer
-
Ministers of the U, 8., Canada, Britain, France, Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy and Portugal. Secretary of State Dean Acheson is U. 8. member,
‘Work Done by Deputies
THESE big shots have many other things to do, however, so most of their work must be
done by a Council of Deputies. Charles M. Spof-
ford, New York lawyer, is U. 8. member, The Council of Deputies is badly named and has other complications. Two groups report to
it who really outrank it. These are the Military
Committee and the Financial and Economic ~ Committee. Apparently no group can do anything without approval of the others. The Military Committee is made up of the 12 countries’ defense ministers. The other is made up of finatice ministers squivalent of the U. 8. Becrstary of Treasury, Since these ministerial committees can't meet all the time, either, they have their deputies, For the Defense Ministers, there ix an international Military Production and Supply
‘Pro- his own move out of Pear! ‘Harbor a few days ago. He commented that in a few hours there.
duction Board is a Planning Board for Ocean Shipping. Under the Defense Ministers are the Chiefs of Staff of the 12 countries. But since they have
other jobs, too, they farm out their work to
what is known as the Standing Group. This-is made up primarily of high-ranking officers of the U. 8, British and French military establishments,
No Authority
UNDER the Chiefs of Staff are various re glonal planning committees, made up of the Chiefs of Staff of say, the Scandinavian eountries, the Low countries, and so on. Germany, whose fate and military status are the subject of so much talk in all these groups, is now only an associate member of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe which has no authority, but Just talks and recommends.
What Others Say— 7
WE know that our system of free enterprise has worked. To make it work in-the underdeveloped areas is the challenge. If we do not rise to that challenge, the mantle of world leadership will pass to another system.—George C. MeGhee, assistant secretary of state, > * Pb TAXATION has the great advantages of keeping the need for direct controls to a minimum, and of avoiding an inflation. later when controls are removed. Roy Blough, member of the President's Council of Economie Advisors. LN WE-must applaud Malik for so diligently pursuing the cause of international peace and
United Nations deliberations.—Mrs. Paul Robeson, wife of the left-wing baritone. 4 -* + 2 “WE need a war minister for Europe with the powers of a war minister. And it is not neces: sary to go outside o ++ to find a man with the necessary prestige ‘and experience (Churchill), — Paul Raynand, former French year:
_ By Galbraith MOVING TOO SLOWLY .
to meet this danger.
and the belief that the U. 8, i= moving too slowly to counter Communist aggression comes from both Democrats and Republicans. ! ~ . n - SEN. HENRY CABOT LODGE (R. Mass.), -insisting Congress should not leave Washington until the draft act has been amended to provide “an army of at least 30 divisions and armed forces total-
stirred- the latest congressional outburst.
ness in which a half-dozen Senators joined even Senate - Majority Leader Scott W. Lucas * (D. III) agreed that “this is a struggle for our existence and our survival.”
Mr. Lucas warned: . » ~
this nation understand just +a What the Senator (Mr. Lodge) "i= saying, that this is a struggle © for our existénce, ard the ny start pulling in
effect. < They suggested for the protection of ourselves and other democratic nations. Ss opposed any tion to fortify
ful attack on the President even to urging his impeachment. * he
IN 1941, abou four months before Pearl
House and worked hard trying to pass it, that would have repealed the Selective Service Act and stopped enlistments. only one vote. Had it passed it simply meant there would not have been an Army, a Navy
NATIONAL DEFENSE . .
~ Red Subs
wo PEARL HARBOR Aug 3 1 What about Russia's Pacific submarine fleet? = ° “That's the big unspoken—and so far un-answered-—question of the war. the Navy high command here would like ‘to know if the Russians intend to use it. One top ranker sums it up this way: “I guess that's what worries us most. We probably ‘won't know unless . , .”” Unless Beng a. full-scale war. : Best guess is that the Soviets have 80 to 90 submarines in the Far East. The majority are at Vladivostok and a number at Nickolayvs K. An estimated 25 are capable of cruising to our West Coast and back.
Hard to Know
THERE is evidence that some have done 80. But it's extremely hard to know for sure. The Pacific Fleet gets an average of one “unidentified sub” réport every 48 hours. Some are obviously bogus. A few seem true. All are checked. The majority end up tagged “very doubtful.” | A sub report can be just about anything. It can be a whale or a school of fish. Or a patch of water either warmer or cooler than surrounding currents, imagination. Rear Adm. John Brown, top sub man in the Pacific Fleet, recalls that he watched one of
would be a reported Russian sub. There was.
SLOW START .
-sponsor a bill in the — away behind the times on Sen. Jenner.
It was beaten by
Specifically,
Or it ean be a vivid °
‘Handout Yor Veterans”
By » Disgusted Veteran 1 wonder if rank-and-file know » what they indorsed sed during the recent conven-
ction? Not prominently mentioned in the newspaunanimously, nonetheless, were B,
lifted.” The resolution proposed that the State Gov. ernment reimburse Conservation
ali atancs printed free to veleraha
The other pessiution called for soatinuance of the present Legion a the balling: 18 all paid to be used to purchase Property the vicinity of the World War
1s Oe no end to the grab-grab tactics of the Legion even when their somrades-in-arms are fighting a vicious war in Korea? :
‘Crying in the Wilderness’ Ry C. T. Rice, 52 N. Audubon Road Edward B. McLean of Columbus, Ind, ll last couple of years Bill Jenner has been the voice “crying in the wilderness.” His warnings were not heeded, so we are in a bloody war, unprepared because the powers that be insisted ~on “red herrings’ and politics as usual.
. By Jim G. Lucas
Seen ‘Biggest Worry’
—A#% matter of fact, the Russians apparently: are playing it cagey. They've used their subs strictly for intelligence work. They've undoubtedly been scooting around the Pacific seeing as much as they possibly can. They've done re- - . connaissance and a lot of supply work. they have not taken the offensive. United States naval officers are convinced that Red subs scamper away when United States shipping is sighted. When U. 8. Army troops made an amphibious landing in Korea
. a few weeks ago, there were plenty of radar
pings. That meant there were submarines nearby
" —undoubtedly Russian since there were no
United States subs in the vicinity. The submarines had a grandstand view of all that went on. And shore-based radar continues to ping away. So it's safe to assume
"their curiosity is a long way from being satis—fied,
» Biggest Worry THAT, of course, question—so what? international law says they have a perfect —right to the high seas. If we found them there's nothing we could—or would want—to do. Meanwhile, we're still shipping men and mu-
raises a very obvious
_ nitions 7000 miles to Korea. Most of it goes
by sea. Only emergency shipments are airborne. Bo, Navy mien are “here when they say of the Red sub fleet: “That's
what worries us most.”
. . By Max B. Cook
American Jets Prove Effective
OFF TO A SLOW START, American Jet
effective, hard-hitting ground-support tactical aircraft.
The Korean War, say-U. 8. Air Force experts, is “offering a proving ground for jets, unequaled at any peacetime flight test base.” It has taken weeks of active combat operations under extremely difficult flying conditions to “sell” both pilots and ground troops on the value of fast jets in that kind of warfare. But
results. as shown. by. the. jet fighters’ cameras.
during ground strafing attacks, have been sur- .. prisingly good, the USAF says. " The war-proved F-51 Mustangs, rushed into the fighting in large numbers, paced the jets in the early fighting. Not as fast and highly maneuverable at low altitudes, they delivered effective “Sunday punches” with high-powered ‘rockets, machine guns, parafrag and napaim bombs, :
Jets’ Range Shoit
WN
appeared the ~~ been solved long before the Korean fighting began.
less vulnerable to attack from the ground or air. iepower 2 the jets, ta, an early problem when speed most vital , had
1000 Pounds of Bombs
ONE STANDARD JET fighter can carry 1000 pounds of bombs, eight high velocity fiveinch rockets and six 50-caliber machine guns. Or it can carry 32 of the rockets, thus being capable of delivering a salvo exceeding the - potential power of one salvo from eight fourgun batteries of 105-mm, guns, an Air Force expert says. That firepower is beginning to raise havoc with North Korean ground forces. Widely reported vulnerability of jet fighters to machine-gun fire is declared untrue by the Air Force. Tests have proved, it says, that a jet fighter “can take two rounds of maechinegun fire through combustion chambers and 10 to 15 rounds through the engine exhaust system and still return safely to base.”
THE JETS, with much less range, had to select targets quickly, attack and return to base for more fuel. Sometimes they could re-
main only minutes in the fighting area. First
reports indicated that their dive
Ors... EN CARE This situation was changed as pilo
_ pared notes. Larger, streamlined wing fu ay
~'wers “installed; allowing mugh great Through use of their dive brakes; the a ers were slowed down to ¥F-51 dive-speed in attacks. Pilots found they could equal the propeller fighters’ accuracy. Terrific speed in getting to the target and away made the jets
proved less accurate than that of he Propatler 1¥pe _..for being so calm and. statesmanlike. in. the fight LI
damaging blows throughout the - along with the standard propeller fighters and ‘Bonivers.
production o . "90" series of jet fighters.
. By Cherler™ Lucey sie America Seen as ‘Not Awake’ to War Danger
If more than three combustion the Afr Force adds.
Deliver Damaging Blows Ea ~~ REPORTS from the front indicate that both the Air Force and the Navy jets are delivering -Aghting area
What is being learned if Korea, the
* Force says, will be og BY excellent ad‘vahtage during ft the Jatest type
~ For the first time since the jet era actually
began, aeronautical engin&érs now have actual - combat data to apply to jet fighter Sevelopment.
Pas a
chambers were pierced, it probably would be “in trouble,”
ing at least 3,000,000 men, —
Before it was over—a seminar on current military weak-
“THE sooner the people of
WASHINGTON. Aug. 31-—Feeling is rising in Congress that America has not been jarred fully awake to the war danger “afd that .the administration is not moving decisively enough
Congress has shown many signs of being ahead of the White House in point of action since the Korean War began,
their belts and thinking about -
the sacrifices they must make in order to win the s le, the bétter off we shall be.”
Sen. Russell B. Long (D. La.) warned that Russia—if total war comes—will aim for atomic destruction of key production items such as steel and motors and said ‘we may have to fight a war with not much more than the equipment we have when that war breaks out” : » SEN. LONG quoted Stuart Symington as saying, when he was secretary for air, that we know Russia has the atomic bomb and the planes to deliver it. He said we have no certain defense against it. Sen. Lodge, replying to Sén. Lucas’ characterization of today's fight af a struggle for. existence, said “this is the first time any prominent persen in
the group now in contrel of
hoe government, has gone that RS nope.” | Dy al
me to the concl
“that the statement he has made
, . td » SEN. EDWARD MARTIN (R. Pa.) wanted to go even further than Sen. Lodge —he suggested building to a strength as great as 80 divisions. Sen. Lodge told the Senate the armed strength projected
* for-the fiscal year ending next
June provides for an army of 834,000 men, a Navy (including Marines) of 718,000 and an Air Force of 568,000 men,
This total of 2,120,000 men -
Sen. Lodge sald, is 658,000 larger than the armed manpower of 1,461,000 on last June 30. He agreed héadway had been made, but said the 2,120,000 was not impressive in comparison to the 14 million under arms at the end of World
War 11.
Ae “UNFORTUNATELY,” he said, “the most authoritative facts that I can get constrain
though we have had our Pearl
Harbor, we are not yet awake,” :
posed Army
will be echoed in the--executive branch.”
+ on ground
sion that, al-~
‘men, which »
five or six additional divisions, “will be enough to build quickIy an Army of combat troops which will be of such manifestly effective strength us to enable us to retain the diplomatic initiative.” A total of 18 divisions, he sald, was not impressive compared with 375 Soviat divisions.
MR. LUCAS, a frequent conferee at the White House, agreed we are “woefully weak" tfoops, and that “with the manpower we have in Europe at the present time, plus the manpower of our Al‘lies that could be thrown into battle, we could not stop the Soviets. “If they want to go through Germany, France and Italy they could do it, in my judgment, in a short time,” Sen. Lucas sald. .
Barbs
THERE'S a recipe out for something called “cherty julep mousse.” Don't make the mistake of ‘offering it to a Kentuckian.
But, c.f
Cae
Feed Y VITAM
BU
“Indiana ~INDIA
All Standa
332 W. V 930 S. Me
Yours f of the
the S Tub w
EASY . TERMS