Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 August 1950 — Page 12

HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE RENRY W. MAN

ort

Te RTE “hog, 95

Acheson on the Spot Viet

PEOPLE reading Gen. MacArthur's well-reasoned analysis of the strategic value of Formosa will be at a loss to understand why President Truman sought to supress it. The General properly refrained from touching upon’ political issues or questions of future policy. He simply discussed the position of Formosa from a military point of view. In so doing, he did little more than expand upon one of the theme's in the President's own statement of June 21, in which Mr. Truman said, in part: “The occupation of Formosa by Communist forces would be a direct threat to the security of the Pacific area and to the United States forces performing their lawful and necessary functions in that area. ~— Gen. MacArthur explained why this was ound. ina Ee manner. which. must have. clarified.a. complex. situation for - a great many people. What, then, is the fuss all about? : . The White House was asked to point out just what the General said which the President did not approve, but spokesmen there declined. The only explanation given was that the General was asked to withdraw his statement in — order to “avoid confusion as to the United States position.’ - That doesn’t avoid confusion; it creates it. =

FOR a probable explanation of the mystery it is necessary to go back to last Jan. 10 when Secretary of State Dean Acheson assured the Senate Foreign Relations Committee that Formosa had no special military significance and should be treated as a strictly Chinese affair. : The MacArthur analysis demolished that contention, and for that reason the Secretary must have persuaded the President to suppress it. No other explanation seems tenable. ~~ It will be recalled that the State Department kept the Wedemeyer report buried for two years, until it had become outdated by events. Fortunately, Gen. MacArthur's statement packed too much dynamite to stay bottled up, and it {, Mr. Acheson's face isn’t red, it ought to be, Formosa of no special military significance? Formosa actually is a vital link in the chain of islands v'hich shield the United States from a Pacific attack. The Japs used Formosa as a springboard for their invasion of the Philippines, and the Communists could use it “for the same purpose. ~ . It is, the General said, an “unsinkable aircraft Sartier — and submarine tender ideally located ti E: sive strategy” in the hands of a hostile power. An the light *' of that judgment from the greatest military authority on. ) the Pacific area, Mr. Acheson is left in an ex position. If he was not guilty of deliberate deception, he was unouestionably guilty of arriving at a basic decision without consulting one man who above all others should have been consulted. # . wv s =x =» FOR FURTHER light on Mr. Acheson's thinking at the time he made the Formosa pronouncement, it may be added that he seemed at the point of recognizing Communist China. That at least was the inference from the remarks made by Sen. Connally (D. Tex.) after the Secretary had appeared before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee _which Mr. Connally heads. “TU Agut very likely he will consult with us Sgain before final action,” the Senator told reporters. Fortunately, American reaction over the arrest “of Angus Ward, American Consul General at Mukden, sidetracked that scheme. If we had recognized the Chinese Communists then we —couldn't very well defend Formosa against them now. Yet that's the position we would be in if the Acheson views had prevailed. .. Gen. MacArthur hag been: under attack by the State ... Department’s well-known: underground for months because Foiaker writ wan vecegmised hie was-the majors abling Meek.do iste : Department policy in the Far East. Lt. Gen. A. C. Wedemeyer was hustled out of Washington for the same reason. This kind of thing is undermining national security. _ Only one man can clean up this situation: Harry S.

Quit Sounding off

THE practice of talking without thinking and of boasting before planning is getting to be a habit of our highplaced officials. Maybe for that reason,” Navy Secretary Matthews’ statement that we should be willing to go to war ‘“‘to compel co-operation for peace” does not seem as startling as normally it might be. 7 Such talk is the sort of dynamite that could get us into a war for which we are not prepared. Mr. Matthews’ should know that, if he knows anything about his job, which, présumably, is running the Navy. OF COURSE, the State Department and the White House were quick to repudiatesthe Matthews speech and to

dists from using Mr. Matthews’ statement to confirm their familiar allegation that we are.a nation of warmongers, bent upon conquering the world. We are in a war of a kind right now in’ which we aren't - doing too well, and our deficiencies are the direct result of 3 leadership. . » . ” - SECRETARY of State Acheson had told us we would not defend either Korea or Formosa. Defense Secretary Johnson had assured us we were strong enough to lick anybody. Then overnight the Korea and Formosa policies were: reversed and we found ourselves in a war in which even the _ Korean Reds have been more than a match for us. or ; ws A showdown with Russia may be inevitable. But that’s _no for our loud talkers to keep sounding off. They be silenced. 2h A .

bd =. * = 5 —

RR,

“avow that the United States does not favor instituting a war of any kind. But that will not prevent the Soviet propagan-

~ Tive In.

Ne Seen as olthaws

WASHINGTON, Aug. 20—Navy Secretary

: 1 §

the President for such ‘clearance. But that would be

: Yi: & Bed

higher-up,

Minority Idea that any Secretary of the Navy in & world crisis out involving the istration, ‘is There are other officials in who seem to have toyed with the “preventive war” idea. But these are in a minority and do not make foreign policy. Whether that minority is trying to .force the issue through Secretary Matthews is not known. But neither President Truman, nor Secretary of State Acheson nor the Joint Chiefs of Staff has any sympathy with the idea. The reasons

are too compelling to admit of any doubt.

“These include,

y. +3: Unprepared States is pally --

for defense—to start a war would be suicide.

TWO: The American people want peace— there is no evidence hey ‘would Suppo a preventive war. THREE: In a preventive War we would fight virtually without allies and alone—the mere suggestion by Secretary Matthews frightens our Allies and European peoples, FOUR: The Truman adminigttation and 0! are committed to the policy of pre- : ope becoming so strong that Russia will not dare attack our peace alliance. Unfortunately, we are nit yet strong to protect ourselves, much less the free world.

DRAMA . . . By Delos Lovelace

UN’s ‘Big Hit’

‘Standing ng Only’

At Council Sessions

LAKE SUCCESS, Aug. 20—Jacob A. Malik, about as big a iliais as Red Russia ever sent . is closing his starring stand here In the United Nations’ biggest smash hit.

ber. It will stay until Sept. 1. The public can't seem to get enough of President-Delegate Malik the Communist lash he swings in every

Council session. On some days 20,000 ticket seekers have been turned away; on a normal day, 3000 to 5000. ; “We seat more than 2500 daily,” said Daniel Walsh, admissions officer. “About 2000 in four television rooms, 514 in the chamber. People start phoning for seats at 5 a. m. By 10 a. m. we've had 5000 calls.”

Like a Stage Hit IT ALL really began before Malik. On June 25, when the United Nations laid down the law to North Korea, public interest rose swiftly. “On June 24," said Mr. Walsh, “we halffigured that the world was forgetting the United Nations, Since then everybody has remembered us. And we aren’t stretching things when we =compare-our-show.-to-astage. bit... ' people who phone ask: The fact, and Mr. Mallk won't like this news, is that his exploitation of the Korean crisis and his propaganda drive gave the United

Nations its biggest shot in .the arm since it .

moved .to Lake Success Aug. 10, 1948. Mr. Malik’s Korean capers are allowing the United Nations to wind up its Lake Success stay in a blaze of excitement. When he is done; everything, for all practical purposes, will be finished. The big business thereafter until the Christ-

mas holidays will be the General Assembly,

starting Sept. 19, at nearby Flushing Meadows.

“COOL COURASE "By Péter Liitiger SDE GLANCES™—By Galbratih HBR PSHE: yA Ty Chance for Peace yO!

inévitable and : | peace.has.a.chance in today's. world, in. the belief of a. top expert-. iri ore “on re RuSSI “and former head of the State “Department's “policy — rE

‘WASHINGTON, Aug. 29 — War is not

planning staff.

But the United States must be strong and act with cool courage if we are to achieve our obj¥ctives without a major war,

says George F. Kennan, - Kennan, 46-year-old native of Milwaukee, Wis, who has made a virtual life work of studying Russia, is taking a year's leave of absence to study at Princeton University's Institute of Advanced Studies.

years

» "nn v KENNAN is generally accepted as the Mr. “X" of the State Department, who in a magazine article under that name in 1947 outlined the policy of containment of communism. He is regarded as one of the shrewdest analysts of Soviet motives and behavior. The Kremlin, in his opinion, has based its actions on a “deep misestimation”. by Russian leaders of the world they

Gen.

special Acheson. ” “Those actions which have stirred up the world, he feels, are rooted in the Kremlin's “tragic failure” to realize that international progress can't be achieved through hostility and “antagonism. : "8.

IT MUST be gained on a basis of “freedom of association of people’ and through the Sarinuple of live and let live,” asserts. | > a world where “political and military considerations: closely-intermingle,” he recom- sary. mends that we avoid “hasty and emotional judgments” and deal with our problems’ “coolly _and carefully.” Kennan was one of the first foreign service officers chosen

Leen

"conflict:

peace. ”»

world. oe

Fovanive Wor

~Half the ‘Is this the box office?’ ”

to study Russia as an area, back in 1926. He spent three in Berlin universities learning the language, history and customs of the Russians. » » » UNTIL thei United States recognized Soviet Russia in 1933, he spent time in Latvia applying his scholarship to Soviet journals and preparing himself for the jobs he later performed under various am- BY a bassadors in Moscow. n George C.. Marshall, when Secretary of State, brought him into the department here to head up the vital policy planning staff. He has for several months acted as a adviser to Secretary

» - : IN WHAT amounts to an ; article of faith, Kennan lists : Ce four ways in which the United States can attain’its objectives . in the world without a major

Adequate preparedness every eventuality. “We should? : never make the mistake of rewar as inevitable and writing off the chance of

An adequate defense posture by the United Stajes—over a long period of time, if neces-

Convince our friends we: are determined and reliable Allies but that their interests “are as ‘strong as ours in achieving a more stable. and happier

¢.

“speak for myself,” with£5 whsurd.

MILITARY STRATEGY

. . By Peter Edson

Korea Seen as U. S. Test Case

WASHINGTON, Aug. 20—With the Korean War this far along, a better appraisal of where we go from here is possible, Some of the original estimates of the situation have been considerably revised.

The Korean War is now regarded as a test

case, Pentagon briefing officers have been con=— —goyE Gequctions are nevertheless obvious.

sistently optimistic in declaring that the United

States and its United Nations allies could win

this campaign.

They could hardly say anything else. To

admit for a minute that the United Nations forces could be pushed off Korea would be rank ‘cowardice. There is unanimous military opinion that the beachhead can be held, enlarged, and the line pushed back to the 38th Parallel. But it is no longer considered a simple police action, as it was in the beginning. There is some opinion that this campaign can be concluded by the end of the year. Other estimates have been that it might not be concluded until next spring or summer,

Since Aug. 1 the “standing room onl y” sign Whatever the date, the need for as speedy a. has been up outside the Security Council cham-

windup as possible is emphasized. If the United States can’t end the campaign within a year, it will give the Russians and the Chinese Reds the idea that the U. 8. is not so tough. The sooner it is ended, the better a lesson it will be for other Communists. satellites.

Long Supply Line

THE most pessimistic estimate is that it

we get pushed off, we go back. We have to. Just

*as we had to go back after Bataan.

One of the first impressions was that in Korea, the Commies had struck the United States where it was weakest. Korea is 5000 miles from San Francisco—a long supply line. Logistics problems are admittedly great. But a second look reveals that perhaps the Russians could not have chosen a better place —{rom the American point of view. The U, 8. had two divisions in Japan which could be spared for immediate duty in Korea; only a few hundred miles away, There was some Air Force “strength British and Austrailan naval vessels could be quickly assembled. There were .supply dumps from the last war left on Pacific islands. There was a good debarkation port at:Pusan. The total was not all that could be desired, but it was something and it -was' better than nothing. In summary, the U. 8. forces were better able to aid resistance to aggression in Korea than they would be in Indo-China, Siam, Burma, India, Tibet, Iran, Greece, Yugoslavia,

Austria or Germany. At any of these other

points, the U. 8S. might not be ‘able to do what it has done in Korea. ‘

COPR. 1950 BY NEA SERVICE. INC. T. IL REG. ©: & “Mather, when did romance end and your life i househola

drudgery begin?"

for

“WE MUST not give them the impression that we have some selfish or ulterior inter est in the maintenance of their independence and in the main-

tional attitude in the face of ‘Bolshevist pressure.

“Keep our flag flying high

making" a Success of our

own national lite am are get

een

Where the Communists will strike next is of course known only to a few people in Moscow. They have cried, “Wolf!” all over the world. But it is unlikely they will telegraph their actual punch,

Save Own Troops

If the Communists attack Formosa or in South

Asia, they commit only Chinese Red or native:

revolutionary forces. If they attack Yugoslavia, they commit only Balkan satellite forces. If they attack in Iran, they must commit Russian troops. If the Communists attack in Germany, they must also commit Russian troops. One great mistake not generally known about in the fourpower arrangement on Germany was that the Russians were given two maneuver areas. in eastern Germany. The areas run right up to the western boundary of the Russian zone, abutting U, 8. and British zones. Twice a year the Russians have held rex tensive maneuvers in these areas. They have always played at making attacks from east to west. But they have stopped when they reached the border of the American and British zones. ' Some day they might hold a maneuver and keep going. That's what the North Koreans did when they crossed the 38th Parallel.

, The Hard Way

THE United OY and its European Allies must be prepared for this attack, if and when it comes. Unfortunately, they have to meet it the hard way. It is contrary to U. 8. policy to attack first. Any idea of a preventive war is generally frowned on. So at first it must be a defensive war. There may be a counter-attack, fast-—by air, for instance—to knock out enemy productive capacity. This effort will not in itself stop the Communist forces from trying to over-run western Europe. There must be a firm line in Europe to hold this aggression—just as there was a thin line to hold the North Korean aggression until reinforcements can arrive: That is why Korea

on “Japan and ‘Okinawa. “American, 18 not Yegarded as ‘thé test case for all Future

possible actions. -

“Barbs

SUMMER makes you want 1o be somewhere else even after you get there,

: +. “A FORTUNE awaits the first Alaskan to invent a blubber tire. Wo i IT'S OK to work eight hours and sleep eight hours—but don’t pick the same eight.

aid to the

them,

tenance of a strong Interna-

hee at home to demonstrate re

on labor. when he

he helped himself

ting on with our problems. And see to it that people under stand what thls Beans.

AMERICA, Kennan adds, should demonstrate “we have the courage of our conviction

‘and confidence in ourselves.” dues a

Finally, Kennan urges that P we realize that now, for the first time as a nation, the United States is “facing the test of matugity and world leadership.”

ture. He Frankiin, D.

Si GE Sn Gs : Ta o a

SE Mk

rel ae t NE es 3 4 hy

become a prisoner of the politboro, Soe I CAN also recall he once said that Com-

ra told the people we were prepared for gency, when, as a matter weak to fight the North Koreans.

¢ *

get this Korean

Jug Aug. 29-1 ee Pressman, who came ® town 1 a great friend of Henry “Watlace's- PU Lo jo confused with the Wallace, or fuzzy, type of left-winger, Pressman is strictly the tough guy. He earned this reputation during a rough-and-tumble 12-year career as the pinkish, $19, a-year general counsel for the CIO. .

iu sistant General Counsel for the

» BETWEEN times, he alternately led or gave his powerful pro-Communist forces within both the CIO and his other «client, Steelworkers of America. And when names popped up at congressional hearings devoted to unmasking Communists or fellow travelers, Pressman's frequently was among

PRESSMAN "belonged in the boy wonder class during years when he roflle legal herd He was barely, 30 became the CIO's RIE al general counsel in 1936 and ’ Te . today, at 44, he still manages a healthy, youthful look by draping his heavy-set figure with -tweétds and’ adorning it with collegiate bow ties. i a J native of New York City, : . 0.8 ssman is the son of immi such, he was a was a yoor boy; but his

ate in a New York law firm in 1932 when he made the deci“sion which determined his fucampaigned Roosevelt for

I ASSUME the American people want » thing over. Just AS quickly they can and have peace if possible, If they do, it is sd late. Nevertheless, they can at least make a start by removing this cancerous growth in our political life which is called the Fair Deal. This malignant political cancer, which is a combination nd fascism started under

the small amount of freedom we have left.

if thé people don’t start getting rid of it

in this November election we will still be having war in 1960.

‘Gls Need Chiropractic Service’ By Denise E. B, Bell, Indianapolis , For many years I have practiced pursing. 1 have come to know the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment of many conditions. In some cases, where both medicine and surgery have failed to improve the health, chiropractic treatment has made remarkable difference tothe well-being of so-called “hopeless cases.”

It stands to reason that this should be so because chiropractic deals with the controlling

factor of the body, the nerves. When this factor can be treated to function normally or even more normally the tissues supplied by the nerves involved will regain to normalcy or partial normalcy. "It seefns a great pity that this service should not be available to the disabled veterans in Indiana when the service has been : by the government which assists the GIs to attend chiropractic schools. It seems to me that

* no service should be withheld from the veterans

or the public which can improve even one disease, Chiropractic improves the health in many cases. Naturally, no doctor of medicine or surgery

could in J any honesty try to prevent these per-

a yp 5

EE E FEE|ITIE EEEIEEES

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named Ease

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BLGEE

President. Next year, sure enough, he had a job-as As--

Agricultural Adjustment ‘Administration in Henry Wallace’s Agriculture Department. And, after filling several other jobs in the department, he switched in 1936 to the CIO. ” ” . i STILL, Pressman remained more interested in politics than in his job. In the midst of agi-~ tation among right-wingers for his resignation,

the United

he was for Wallace for Presi-

those Gent and the CIO wasn’t. He

some critical questions about Communist fellow travelers.

through Cor-

~ nell University and Harvara @& few weeks ago when he reLaw School by winning a flock larshi ;

Rep. Vito Marcantonio ps N. ), and the Un-Amerioan: violently to that, * : * - . Marcantonio ‘sneered that an associ~ Pressman had only joined the

iegal fees out of it. The Un‘American Activities Committee subpenaed Pressman to come down here for a A Chat.

for

= ’ : of [rhs

ALP so he could wangle fat =

sons from profiting by -chiropractic { ~~ freshmen | for all such doctors take an oath on graduating, Economics nor could nurses for they take the Florence { - have been Nightingale: pledge. J nomics 8 $100 a sen Winners What Others Say— Co., aware 4 SI I'VE STOPPED trying to make people think ‘while they laugh. I've quit trying to be clever : or new, . . . Before I was cold and satirical. Now, on the radio, I talk about my baby, and they die laughing. atk Parr, radio comic. : * @ ! THE Western commandants no longer have : Now's the right to decide on questions concerning Germany, for the control council established by the Tai Potsdam agreement is not functioning. — Otte Miser Grotewohl, East Gorman Premier. ¢ : WHAT'S the ites wie the moral level of fe our (modeling) profession? Isn’t it as high as the moral level of lahor leaders?—Han Kain, = professional model, in reply to announced intention of labor leader to organize profession to “clean out objectionable individuals.” 3 * © 9 WE rejoice that the United Nations did not this time give in to the blackmail of the accomplished fact. = ; ~Vincent Aurlol, president ¢ of France, TN —— ——on Korea: > e > Venetia I NEVER did perform . .. in the nude. I 5-Room only create an illusion of t nudity. But I don't ! tell how I do it. My act... is art.—Sally Rand, Bs fan dancer. . «THE suid ern “AT