Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 July 1950 — Page 10

Ficorclinis

Telephone RI ley 5551 H " Give Light and the People Will Ping Thewr Own Woy

Korea and Amerasia iy THIS is no time for recriminations; no time to rake over cold ashes. Brave American troops, outnumbered and outgunned, are dying on the battlefields of Korea. This is the time to shore up our government, time to build of armed might, time for Americans of all political ‘beliefs lines of endeavor to close ranks, without regard to past’ differences and past mistakes that are beyond “recall. But to achieve unity, we must get rid of politics as An example of cheap politics the country cannot afford is to be found in’ the 347-page report on State Department loyalty and related matters, just released by the Tydings Subcommittee. The body of the report is signed only by the chairman and the other two Democrats on the subcommittee, Sens. McMahon and Green. One Republican, Sen. Hickenlooper, was so disgusted with the proceedings that he didn't even bother to file a minority

report.

THE other Republican, Sen. Lodge, filed an individual statement, calling the investigation “superficial and inconclusive,” and “lacking in impartiality.” Sen. Lodge also get forth findings and sensible and patriotic recommendations which are in sharp conflict with the warped report of the majority. : It was politically clever of Sens. Tydings, McMahon and - Green to release their voluminous report at a time when the public is so justifiably alarmed over the news from Korea. Very few people now can spare the hours to read the report and expose its flaws. News and editorial space must be devoted to more pressing developments, : There's no room in this column to comment on that part of the report which dealt with Sen. McCarthy's charges against individuals in the State Department. From the start this newspaper has believed that the most important matter the Tydings Subcommittee undertook to look into was the Amerasia stolen documents case. ~ ‘We are not surprised that Messrs. Tydings, McMahon and Green laid on a liberal coat of whitewash. From the outset, that was their obvious intention. They cut the investigation short by not calling many of the key witnesses. » . » > » ” ” AMONG those whose testimony would be necéssary to get the full story of the Amerasia case are the trial judge, James M. Proctor; Tom Clark, attorney general at the time the case was not properly prosecuted; Col. William J. Donovan, head of the Wartime Office of Strategic Services which first discovered the theft of war secrets; New York attorney Joseph Hartfield, who represented one of the defendants, and those three one-time Washington big shots, Tom Corcoran, Ben Cohen and Laughlin Currie. Amerasia was a magazine which served as an organ for a group of Communists, pro-Communists and others seeking to influence United States policy in the Far East. This case involved the theft of war secrets. But many of the same individuals involved in the investigation had a large voice in the State Department's decision to abandon China and Korea to the Communists. Had all the evidence in the government's possession been presented in court in 1945, as it should have been, a house cleaning in the State Department certainly would have resulted. Then American interests in China and Korea might not have been betrayed. We are paying in blood for that betrayal. But, as we said at the beginning, it is too late to undo what has been wrongly done, . We must get on with the job of recovering a-eontinent that has beer! lost. But the day surely will come when this ugly story, -—with all its sordid details, will be told to the American people. The Tydings whitewash can only delay that day of reckoning. :

A Point of Health |

a SPEEDWAY CITY needs a sewage disposal system, At present all sewage from Speedway is dumped into Eagle Creek. The State Sanitation Board has ordered the construction of some type of sewage disposal system. The Speedway town board proposed the building of a $450,000 sewage disposal plant, and two main-line sewers at a cost of $117,000. The contracts for the sewers have been let. The original bid on the plant was rejected as too high. Then remonstrators in the area of the proposed plant - secured an injunction last week against the building of the plant. » ” ” . ” - RE THIS has “killed, at least temporarily, the plan for . treating sewage in Speedway. It has been suggested that ‘the Speedway sewer system be connected to the Indian-

: 5 citizens turned this down believing they ~ could build their own plant more cheaply. In the meantime, with all the legal wrangling, sewage Is stili being dumped into Eagle Creek. ee ~~ Bpeedway attorney Stanley Lawton said he plans an appeal to the Indiana Supreme Court from the injunction, but that will take months. In the meantime contracts sre hanging in the air, and Eagle Creek is being polluted to the danger point as far as health is concerned.

Cop Has His Day - a court finds a Communist guilty of slandering it's like a man biting a dog—it's news, in England. tin, former Communist member of Parliaristic attack upon Police Chief Sat-

Tuesday, July 18, 1950 4

- dering in the Far Fast rests

KE 4

NEW POLICY NEEDED . . .

By Phillips Talbot

Some Asians Think U.S. Blunders

AMERICAN “police action” against aggresgion in South Korea will not by itself gain complete support for United States policies of resisting communism in other sensitive areas of Asia. s The opinion of many influential the United States is still blun- h

Asians that Gh 2

on their conclusion that we are backing horses that can't run. By supporting “repudiated” leaders and European imperialism in Asia, they argue, America pursues a self-defeat-Ing course in the battle against other jdeologies, American. policies toward Formosa and Indo-China rate the strongest opposition. The differences arise over od long-range goals. On that {m- Mr. Nehru... mediate fssue of ald to South Stuffed jails, Korea, India, Pakistan, Burma, Thailand and the Philippines rallied to support United Na-tions-United States military action. From my tour through South Asian countries this last winter and spring, I believe that Americans rightly see India's indorsement of the Security Council resolution as particularly vital, It gave an Asian verdict that the Korean conflict is a moral issue of opposing aggression, Despite this s on the central Korean Issue, rumblings of basic dissent to America's policies are growing in South Asia. Specifically, India and other nations have refused to associate with American indorsement of Chiang Kai-shek as China's leader on Formosa or with further military aid for the

" French and ex-Emperor Bao Dal in Indo-China.

‘Realistic’ Policy ON CHINA, Prime Minister Nehru has argued that any realistic Asian policy should recognize that Communist Mao Tse-tung’s government is in control. As Mao is there and cannot be wished away, Mr. Nehru's spokesmen urge that continued support to Generalissimo Chiang, “who has been repudiated by his own people,” is just a thorn in the flesh which prevents an Asian settlement. For this reason India holds that Mao Tsetung’s Communist regime should get China's seat in the Security Council.

‘VOLUNTARY’. . . By Paul Leach

Censorship Studied

WASHINGTON, July 18—A return of voluntary censorship for all publications and radio is “under discussion.” as some form of national emergency mobilization is debated here. There has been no censorship of any kind since 1045 but Defense Secretary Johnson has issued orders to restrict the

Mr. Nehru is no Communist. His government has stuffed many hundreds of homegrown Communists into its jails, These facts reinforce the impact of his views on Nationalists in Burma, Indonesia and elsewhere. While they do not reflect official thinking in Thailand and the Philippines, the United States ean ignore them only with great risk in advocating its own, and different non-Communist policy. As to Indo-China, another strong Asian sentiment comes to the surface. Most of the free

Phillips Talhot, veteran Times foreign correspondent, recently returned from a firsthand survey of the Far East that extended from India by way of the “Balkans” of south east Asia to such current danger points as Hong Kong and Formosa.

countries of south Asia have only recently broken away from the white man’s imperial rule. To them European imperialism remains a worse disease than communism,

Will Take Red Help

“1 AM a nationalist,” a Vietnamese said to me in Hanoi, Indo-China, some weeks ago. “The French are sitting on my neck. If the Communists will help me push the French off, I'll welcome their aid as much as anybody else's.” Similar reasoning lay behind the recent declaration of President Soekarno of Indonesia that France must quit Indo-China, and Mr. Nehru's insistence that all imperialism in Asia must end, This is a complicated matter. I got the impression in Indo-China that if the French army

. moved out tomorrow, Ho Chi Minh's Commu-

nist-recognized forces might seize power almost immediately. Bao Dai, who in today’s moment of Asian crisis is vacationing in France, seemed

A Communist-controlled Indo-China would

.furn the non-Communist position in all south-

east Asia. Yet the dilemma for the United States is that non-Communist Aslan countries demand as a price for their co-operation a revised American line toward Indo-China. It also ig still true that many Asians still take a psychological delight in seeing the white man humbled.

SIDE GLANCES

. peacetime.

clear cut murder. The only thing these pictures serve to do is strike terror into the hearts of every mother who has a son young enough to go to war, We know it's got to be that way.

HESITATION FATAL . . .

to help defend ft. But for heavens sake,

let us keep what little

. Maybe we shouldn't try to tell ourselves that ° our sons are going to come through it alive, but

that's human, isn't it? These pictures serve only to weaken that faith. And when faith is gona, what else is there for a mother who's son has gone to war?

By Ludwell Denny

Need Sacrifices for Preparedness

WASHINGTON, July 18 America’s effort to buck up West European defenses is necessary to strengthen Allied morale, which sags with each new retreat in Korea. But much more sacrifice by the United States and Western Europe will be required for adequate preparedness, y The United States cannot supply the increased arms, as planned, without faster industrial mobilization in this country than now contemplated by the administration. And any increased armament aid from the United States will be of doubtful value unless our continental allies make much larger contributions to their own and to the joint preparedness. Despite all the talk the Atlantic Pact has not yet produced the pooling of resources and manpower which is the essence of the plan. Nor has it resulted in the strategic integration and unified command required for effective use of such a pool of munitions and men when achieved. There is no Pacific pact.

Some Progress Made

IT I8 true that some progress has been made; and that it is expecting a good deal for

sovereign nations to change quickly their habits *

of separate unco-ordinated preparedness in But to think now in “peacetime” terms is an obvious absurdity. If Red aggression in Korea does not change the decocracies’ preparedness timetable from a matter of years to the urgency of months and weeks, there is little hope of averting a major Russian attack and a third world war. The chief barrier to all-out effort both in the United States and Western Europe in the first instance was unwillingness to face the ominous fact that Russia was getting ready and we were not. But in the past fortnight that

long-ignored fact—or rather its possible consee quences, because the fact itself has been come mon knowledge all along—has caught up with

“Washington and every allied capital.

Full Action Barrier

NOW the chief barrier to full action is that America and European officials hesitate to call upon their voters to make the sacrifices ine volved. Everybody but the Reds favor better defense as long as that does not mean a personal pinch. But to submit to individual deprivations is something else again. Up to now the politicians in the democracies have been selling the quack remedy of painless preparedness. The people have fallen in with the notion that they can have both plenty of butter and guns. The idea that we can work shorter hours but at the same time eat more and have more luxuries—and all the while have enough left over for armed defense—has been more insidious than the propaganda of any fifth column.

Price Control Question

IN THE United States the practical imme diate question is whether Americans are willing to submit to production and credit and price controls; to forego new automobiles for tanks and trucks, new television and radio sets for radar and electronic equipment, new consumer goods of many kinds to save the raw materials, factories and manpower for military necessities, In Western Europe the question is whether the people will accept a lower living standard and pay more taxes to raise and equip larger ammed forces. All these questions should have been. ane swered long ago. There is not much time left for politics-as-usual and business-as-usual and short-hours-as-usual.

DRUMS ROLL, NERVES JUMP . . . By Andrew Tully Europe Has a Familiar War Tone

ROME, July 18-—-In Rome these days you

can't help thinking you've gone through this before. by 3 There are “troop movements” in the Balkans, governments warning potential fifth columnists and, of course, a fresh batch of rumors every hour. There was even aa today an old favorite among a rumors--that the Americans | were warned to leave Europe. It was scotched before it could leak out of the lobby of the Hotel! Eliseo, but it doubtless will be heard again many times. The Italians are worried, but not panicky, about the re- | ported massing of Bulgarian § and Hungarian troops along the Yugoslav border. The most hopeful feel that Tito may prove tough enough to hold back an invasion for a time sufficient to give the West a chance to catch its breath.

But even those optimists are gloomy about

Mr. Tito .:. Tough Enough?

Italy's fate if Yugoslavia is overrun—some feel:

this country would fall in a matter of days. There is a kind of national anger toward the Communists here these days. In this time of crisis, it has finally dawned on the average Italian that the local Reds would become traitors to their country overnight if Italy went to war against Russia. This anger was particularly evident in Premier Alcide de Gasperi’'s heated warning to Italian Communists that the government will smash any attempts at fifth column activity. :

No Matter the Price

NORMALLY, a calm individual, Mr. De Gasperi seemed -overcome with fury as he told the Chamber of Deputies that Red fifth col-

By Galbraith

umnists would be subdued np matter what the price, He was referring to an open letter sent to Stalin by the Italian Communist Youth Federation pledging “Italian youth will never take up arms” against Russia. Stalin, said Mr. De Gasperi sarcastically, must find it strange that in Italy “there exists a youth that proposed not to fight when its country is attacked—because in Russia a youth with similar proposals would end in Siberia.” Mr. De Gasperi was reflectIng the mood of most Italians Heated warning you meet in the street. They seem to have been inspired by America's stand in Korea to hope that a little firmness may yet know that the bluff was called. It had to be, eventually® =

Refreshing Attitude

HIS attitude was refreshing after the ate mosphere at a party given by an American-born countess the other night at which numerous wealthy Americans were present. Their first

‘words to a group of visiting American news

papermen were: “What do you hear about the war in Europe? When do we scram?”

The temptation was great to warn them they'd better blow the country within 24 hours or Stalin would catch them, but just then there was a diversion. Rita Hayworth arrived in a white lace gown and judicious coat of tan and the guests clustered about the “princess’ to ask her when she would make her next picture. She said ghe might never make another one. Under the circumstances, you figured you might be able to bear up under that particular ow,

REVERSES . . . By Charles Lucey

U.S. Prestige Sagging

WASHINGTON. July 18—The U, 8. Government is concerned seriously with reports of sagging American prestige abroad due to Korean military reverses and is moving along several lines in counter-action.

Three weeks ago, when President Truman made his decision

De Gasperi... .

Ih Ahhh AAA AKT:

_Biving out of certain information, and Gen. MacArthur as Far,

Eastern commander makes his own rules, in the absence of a national code. W.S8tuart Symington, ‘chairman of the National Security ReSOuUTrces Board, has been. going over the possibilities with Rl Re A committee aa, A Ww of the Ameri 3 fu. can Society of

Mr. Johnson... Nap a paz

Restrictions The

editor committee is headed by Jack Lockhart of the Scripps-How-ard Newspapers, New York and Nathaniel Howard of the

Cleveland News, who helped

direct wartime censorship. — They —were 3 +

appointed by Dwight Young of the Dayton

Journal - Herald ASNE president, Censorship became a live issue when Secretary Johnson fssued his order. It leaped into the headlines Saturday when Peter Kalischer of the United Press and Tom Lambert of the Associated Press were told in Tokyo they could not return to the Korean front. Col. M. P. Echols, Gen. MacArthur's press officer, said he objected to what they had written, 7 » » . GEN. MacARTHUR, Sunday, lifted the ban on Mr. Lambert and Mr. Kalischer and per: mitted them to return. Whether what those men wrote from the front, in interviews with soldiers, gave “aid and comfort to the enemy” is the question involved. The cor-

Mr. Johnson's orders directed

not gp :

of movements on land and sea. Reporters seeking to learn how many of certain new weapons have been manufactured and how many are going to Korea were told this informa-

tion now is restricted. » » « . WHILE it ig understandable that the enemy should not be told how many tanks and guns ¥ are going to the front, the ¢ public also is barred from learning whether the armed serve jces have fale len down in. ) the last two years by making only a few . such new weapons, or is on the job

khart...

supplies, It was that sort of thing which prompted creation early in the last war of the office of censorship and a voluntary censorship code by which all publications and

quthaitts

broadcasters agreed to abide. It was drawn up in consultation with the press and radio. Byron Price, former Washington deputy Associated Press manager, now director of in-

formation of the United Na- -

Note especially that Mr. Price included “shortcomings”

as well as “successes.” =

The key to the whole thing was the question of security. If the war effort would be in-

7-18

"Does shé"have to take ballet lessons? If it wasn't for all those dancers, we'd get more wrestling on television!’

NET WR 0.8 Far

Mr. Price usually over

foreign capitals. But this has changed as the tide of battle has gone against Gen. Dougla Mac Arthur's United Na- #8 tions forces: The Ameri-

ive now is. to have the story of the war ?¥ told “in pér- = spective” g Everyoney understands

there is NO syooarthur...

substitute for tive military vic- In Perper

tory in Korea. There is no tampering with truth. But the Voice of America is underscoring by consistent mention the fact that up to

fe.

. now United Nations forces “hive been limited In size and

have been hampered in obtaining supplies by inadequate port facilities, The point is made that superior American air strength has been handicapped by bad weather. U. 8. broadcasts admit this country and the South Koreans were caught off guard and

‘to send U. 8S. forces into Korea, American prestige soared in

proportions. The same pattern was followed in reports shows ing that despite the fact United Nations troops are outnumsbered vastly and have been driven back many miles, case uaity totals have not gone into really big figures. United States broadcasts point out that what is happen= ing is in the pattern of history —that the nation which is the victim of sudden aggression is slow to get rolling. Everybody ‘concerned realizes now it will be long time before United Nae tions forces can halt the Come munists and begin a counters attack to push them back to the 38th parallel. But the prope aganda aim is to manifest a confidence that the United States always wins the last last battle.

conscious of some tendemgy overseas to say that if the Americans could not do better than they've been doing against the North Xoreans then maybe other allies should not depend so largely on them. ~This has related especially tofeeling in Western Europe.

“United States officials are

were unprepared for the Com-

ruled the military censors here

on such deletions when appeal Korea.

munist aggression from North

There have been reports of particularly sharp criticism of "a the United States in Great

respondents deny that charge. .

tions, was its capable and conscientious chief. . lica “The code,” said its third paragraph, “does not limit gpeculation or opinion. But use of any device of speculation to disclose restricted information presents a hazard to voluntary censorship ... “It is the hope and expecta-'

lished.

Jured or the safety of our

“as to what was not to be pub-

late | papermen to sorship

was made to him. . oo »

RECENT statements by individual newspapers that they are refusing to publish information that they think might

.be valuable to an enemy is

commendable but useless unless all publication is equally banned. Fr “ir That was what the warlime voluntary code sought to do and it sucéeeded excellently. More than two years ago the

Mr. |

Defense Secretary For. restal called a group of news-

They seek to make a virtue, Britain, in propaganda terms, of the fey elaborate, secret preparations THER

”. A has been fear in

made by the Communists for starting the war—a poiat underscoring the blame for aggression and helping to explain why United Nations forces have been «¢ South Korea. : - -

| THE attempt to “keep it in _ perspective” shows up in

t Gen.

MacArthur's comm!

back into

Western Europe that this | country’s Far East involve. ment would divert: attention from the need to rearm against |

a possible Communist thrust in that area. It has been feared that MDAP-—The Mutual De-

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