Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 July 1950 — Page 25
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far-off country.
Albert Thomas
Compared 10 ‘Pearl Harbor
Failure to Stop Korean Attack Reveals Weak Military Link
By The Scripps-Howard Newspapers WASHINGTON, July 15—Realization grows here—
Pearl Harbor was hit. Here's why:
*ONE: Our failure to stop Korean attack fast has.
~ slowly—that country’ s im graver danger now than when
shown entire world we aren't as strong as we pretended. Our prestige, up for a few days when we called for United Nations action, started fighting, is way down
now.
Western European defense ministries are shaken.
They had thought us “unbeatable.”
Now our military
attaches report curt treatment in countries we rely on
as allies.
And Russia knows we're vulnerable.
TWO: New surprise attack may come any time in some
What will we fight with?
United Nations is pledged to try to stop it. Some arms we have given Western ‘Europe under military aid program are scanty, obsolete, no
match for Russian-made weapons, THREE: Attack on Pearl Harbor galvanized country into
mobilizing all industrial resources.
in government over whether to undertake world-wide, po-lice-type diplomacy without armed strength to implemént it has not been settled. Korean action lacks impact of attack on U.S. soil so we're temporizing, hoping to get by. Hard decisions on whether to stop civilian production, equip ourselves to fight, are not being made, Election year paralysis. makes administration officials, Congressmen, equally unwilling to push through tough measures fo arm us quickly, FOUR: When Pear! Harbor was hit, start had been made at building our air power, sea power, Today we've been .continuing to cut, dismantle, though war historians had warned quantity of material was only advantage we had last time. New weapons are in blueprint stage with long months of tooling up, assembling materials, training workers, still ahead even if Congress acts fast in big appropriations mil{tary will ask next week. Also, owning atom bomb has given us Maginot Line psychology, made us neglect other vital research. Now military says atom bombs must be saved for high priority targets. (None of these in Korea, and none, probably in Iran if it's attacked.) Don't look for any quick decisions on big issues. More fumblings in the cards.
Tank Output Lags
TANKS: Plans of Army ordnance, embodied in pending appropriation bill, call only for pilot plant production of heavfes and mediums, at this time. We've built no new heavies since World War II ended, and even then our best wersn't as good as those of Germany and Russia, Joseph Stalin tanks, chewing up our light numbers in Korea, have 120 mm, guns, very heavy armor. Front-line reports say our rockets and bazooka missiles bounce off. We started pilot plant production of new light tanks this year, 4
‘Baby’ Atom Weapon
SQUASH -HEADS: High Army officials have talked of “squash- -headed atomic antitank weapons,” have given impression we have some sort of small, atomic missile that can be fired against on-coming tanks. : But Atomic Energy Commission says there's no such thing as a “baby” atomie weapon. Reason has to do with -chain reaction, ‘ size of critical mass.
Indications are we mdy have
found way to cause larger or smaller explosion to follow detonation. That still doesn't mean a “hahy’ atomic weapon; still doesn't mean tanks are obsolete,
Seek Ship ~Fund
LAID-UP FLEET: Immedi-
- ate: appropriation of §25 ta
$50 millions to recondition vessels {pn reserve merchant fleet will be recommended by Rep. (D. Tex.), chairman of appropriations subcommittee handling funds Yor merchant marine. Budget Bureau to OK it this time. Last year $25 million
~
reconditioning fund was
dropped from appropriation bill, though Joint Chiefs of Staf> had recommended It, because of Budget Bureau economy. Meanwhile Thomas has told Maritime Board members to increase guards around laidup fleet at once. Fleet has 200 vessels, including auxiliary
- ghips used by armed forces,
tankers, cargo vessels,
Debate H-Bombs
. H-BOMB: Debate - is still | raging in joint -congressional “atomic energy committee over whether delivery of H-hombe cheaper and Suter than deh t number of
fear that Commission
Today, deep basie conflict
just asked Congress for $260 million. for H-bomb plant, though best guess is that Hbomb couldn't be ready for testing, even, for 18 months to two years.
Business-as-Usual
AT THE PENTAGON: Offi cial attitude is that defeats in
Korea, while embarrassing, aren't too important; that we'll win eventually. Mean-
while, business-as-usual tude prevails. Officers worry for fear storfes about multi-million dollar buying program may cause inflation, played down. «
atti-
Scare Buying Spotty
HOARDING: Scare buying seems to be spotty. In some places, runs have been limited almost entirely to bed sheets and tires. In others, hoarders are going for coffee, sugar, nyJons. Automobile orders have picked up, particularly - for high-priced cars. Some runs on shoes, none, so far, on white shirts. Officials warn that hoarding’s surest way to force controls. Government worries most about moves of some businessmen to build huge inventories. In Indianapolis, one man tried to borrow a million dollars from his bank to stock up on every commodity he could buy.
Count on War
POLITICS: Unless there's miraculous turn in U. B. mili~ tary fortunes in Korea, President Truman's plan to take active part in fall campaigns ia almost sure te be junked. It will be bad blow to some Democratic candidates, Korean war is being counted on by friends of Sen. Elmer Thomas to save his seat in Oklahoma's July 25 run-off primary. Thomas is head of Senate Armed Forees Appropriations Subcommittee, has been playing up importance of this job in view of Korean crisis. Lo? Also, Oklahoma has lost 100,000 population In past decade, and Thomas has heen stressing his-ability to get mew war projects for his state, build up its waning economy. With all that Thomas’ chances still look
poor. Russ Plan Fails
RUSSIA'S REFUSAL to sell us manganese has backfired, and several of Kremlin's resources division men have disappeared. Because Russia withheld manganese, we developed other sources. Unless goon develops, look for Rusglans to ‘dump manganese, count on “greedy” American businessmen to drop new sources, go for for thelr low
- prices, We won't fall for it,
Lincoln National Life Insurance Co. starts writing war elauses inte new Insurance contracts tomerrow, Other big companies will fellow suit. War clauses—pledging only to refund premiums if holder is killed in military action—wers discontinued at end of World — War IL: nn
Senator ‘Curious’ SENATE Agriculture Committee waits curiously to find out whether President Truman's new appointee as og culture Undersecretary is or against Brannan Plan. He is Clarence J. McCormick of Indiana, member of board of directors of Indiana Farm
rt J. Loveland of Iowa, who
is running for the Senate on
a Brannan Plan platform, Committee wants to know if this straw shows shift in wind
"or shift in farm bureau think-
ing. Government dried
urge that stories be
large-scale conflict”
Rather Than
Wants to Block Prestige for Reds
N CUMMING Bram the Wire Services United States Iroop today were in a fight e a or at least to the 33th Paral: Jel~in the Korean War No mediation is possible, Washington has decided, unless the North Koreans pick up their loaded marbles and go home, as they've been asked to do by the United Nations Security Council.
It's like asking & pully with
his fist in your face if he'll give up. But the United States has no other choice, in the belief of
diplomats in Washington, if it
is to avoid a diplomatic catastrophe. The State Department's expressed terms for settling the Korean fight were made as a result of reported attempts by Britain’ and India to find a peaceful solution. That conflict has to be settled, not in discussions with Moscow, but in the United Na~ tions, authorities have stated. And the Security Council's resolution of “cease fire and withdraw to the 38th Parallel” is an
absolute prerequisite to any
talks about it, they've added. Gls to Settle It Hence, the Gls in Korea will do the settling. For no one in Washington regards it as even remotely probable the Communists will accept the American edict while they're winning. Diplomatic sources point out that Russia would chalk up a diplomatic triumph of the high est caliber if it came forward as a "peace advocate” now and persuaded the North Koreans to stop picking on the Americans, American prestige would suffer, especially in. Asia. Any “deals” which have been rumored—such as swapping a Korean settlement for a United Nations seat for Red China— would be equally disastrous to the American position, these sources insist, because of their “compromise nature.” The United States has, in short, found itself in a spot where it can't afford a display of Russian magnanimity because the Kremlin would reap a propaganda harvest from it Need Footsloggers Next week will tell the story of how far the United States is going to go in financing and fighting a Korean war, Congressional leaders revealed Friday that at least §6 billion, possibly $10 will be sought, President Truman is expected to send a special message to Congress early next week outlining emergency needs. Higher taxes, individual as well as corporate, were forecast by Sen. Paul H. Douglas (D, IIL.) to make up for the added defense appropriations. The Armed Services, which previous to the Korean out-
break were topheavy on spend-.
ing and planning for an air war at the expense of the ground forces, are now up against the cold fact that well armed foot soldiers are still needed.
United Nations
THE United Nations was looking today to Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and The Netherlands to offer ground troops to help in the Korean War, Secretary General Trygve Lie's 808 to 52 nations, pleading an “urgent need of additional effective assistance” finds the number of countries that can furnish trained combat forces extremely limited. Twelve are expected to offer at least “token” units. United Nations officials say, however, that a survey of the conditions of the countries that put big forces in the field during World War II discloses an unhappy picture. During World War II there were 11 countries with 1 million or more. men under arms, They included Germany, Japan and Italy, which cannot be counted upon at this time. Of the other eight, Russia, Poland and the Chinese Communists are on the other side of the fence, The remaining five are the
United States, France, Britain,
Chinese Nationalists and India. France has stated that it already has 150,000 troops in Indo-China and can spare nothing for Korea. The United States had turned down offers from the Chinese Nationalists now in
Bringing Up the Rear
ugoslay movement border.
BE scion Gro we
Sifts of ass rd. mchenn vgoslav border
toward Y
u. s. o Let Gl Jou Howe ¥ Final S
— ini in Korea a's Price as 'Peacemaker’
TURKEY:
Miles
100
Moscow's Reds who sit on top of the Reds’ red world call Tito of Yugoslavia their No. | Bad Boy. While the United Nations and the United States are looking the other way—over in Korea— Moscow may try to bring Tito to heel, western military men believe. The Timesmap above shows what is happening on Yugoslavia’ s borders, Only this past week Belgrade reported Bulgarian forces
on the move "in battle array.’
A frontier skirmish followed. Stalin is believed to have 450,000
men handy to hurl at Tito while Tito has some 250,000 under his command,
Formosa because acceptance would almost surely bring Chinese Communists in on the other side. Prime Minister Nehru's new postwar Indian government has a Gandhi tradition for pacifism. Britain has trouble in Malaya and Hong Kong to guard. Canada, Australia and The Netherlands are considered at Lake Success as the best bets.
Great Britain
GREAT BRITAIN has given up —at least temporarily—its efforts to get Communist China admitted to the United Nations, a Foreign Office spokesman sald yesterday. The spokesman said cessation of fighting in Korea and restoration of the North-South frontier were the world's most important issues now and must take precedence over all else. The British position was defined by the Foreign Office spokesman when he was asked whether Communist Korean withdrawal to the 38th Parallel should come before Chinese Red admission to the United Nations. In Washington Friday a United States State Department spokesman said cease fire and withdrawal to the 38th Parallel were ‘rock bottom” conditions for mediation of the Korean crisis.
“Italy
THE Y cise controlling the “pentagon” of five chief northern Italian cities had found a way today to explain the Korean ggic. Where the cities have Red mayors—Turin, Venice, Genoa, Milan and Florence—they have plastered the walls with gigantic posters which use a
© gombination. of lies, facts in
misleading - sequence, and selected quotation to make the
United States an aggressor in
Korea. Their . poster reads: “The Korean people repel America’s shameless aggression. How It was prepared: “June 10—Meeting in Tokyo of MacArthur, Bradley and Dulles. June 11—State of siege in Southern Korea. “June 17-—Foster Dulles in Southern Korea. June 25—Attack by troops
of Southern Korea against Ko--
rean People’s Republie.”
* = Soviet Union LT. GEN, VASSILI STALIN, deputy commander of Sunday's air force show at Tushino Air. port, declared yesterday that his father had charged Boviet airmen with flying “higher, faster and farther” than anyone else. Young Stalin said the Russians invented the first heavier
| Inpu
ANAS. 59 Cont Tes ViL PA
in defense.
than air flying machine as well as aviation motors, the multimotored plane, helicopter, autogyro, hydroplane, parachute, all-metal dirigible and rocket plane. “All development 67 Soviet aviation,” all success in relation to the world's best machines are indissolubly connected with Stalin's name,” he said of his father.
At the air show, Vassili sail, a squadron of planes will tow a gigantic portrait of “the founder of Soviet aviation, the best friend of aviators, the father and teacher of the Soviet people, the great Stalin.”
Australia
THE Reds today were making sure that no information leaks out to the Western world
+ from “ham” radio operators in
the Far East, Ever since the Korean War began, Aussie “hams” report
amateur radio communicatiops between Australia and Korea, Manchuria, and China have been deliberately jammed. The Aussie amateurs believe the jamming is being done mainly by Communist controlled radio stations in the Far East. But some stations are so powerful, they add, that
they could be located in Moscow.
sli . Philippines THE cost of living index for June here in the Philippines capital stood at 3231. This figure, 2.9 points higher than the 320.2 index recorded for May, covers all items of living for a wage-earner’'s family. The government reports the living cost index is computed on the basis of an average of 49 members of a family.
Ecuador
NINE rebel leaders and a score of policemen and civilians were under arrest today after loyal troops -bloodlessly put down a revolutionary outbreak which for a few hours held vital buildings and installations in Guayaquil. Led by Carlos Guevara Moreno, a former interior minister, the revolt erupted at dawn, Acting quickly, the rebels seized the state governor's palace, the airport, the 8imon Bolivar Military Base and the
- telephone office,
Loyal forces, evidently forewarned reacted as quickly, By 10 a. m. they had arrested Mr, ‘Mareno and his lieutenants recaptured seized instaliations and restored order. In Quite, the capital, the government said the outbreak was confined to Guayaquil and that the rest of Ecuador was quiet.
Inside World Affairs
American officials are trying to check on a strong hunch that northern Italian indus-
‘trialists are siphoning funds to
the Communist party, Some of the firms under suspicion receive Marshall Plan aid. The Russians pay extra high prices to buy Italian exports, it is believed, and the Italian industrialists agree to slip the difference between the inflated price and the market price to the local Communists. In re-
turn for the money they get
labor peace .. .. and profits, 5 »
» WHEN the Defense Depart-
ment gets around to designing
a campaign ribbon for the Korean show it probably will be in. the shape of the red and blue device on the old Korean flag which looks like two fat commas fitted together. That Korean flag device is called tae guk, It comes from the old Chinese emblems for
yang and yin, meaning oppo-»
sites—male and female, and peace, and so on. ” n 2 AMERICANS who were high enough during the war to talk with Stalin are watching to see if he lives up to what he said then: That he was studying Hitler's mistakes and would not let Russia repeat them, especially going to real war outside his borders when “peaceful” conquest would do.
r » Ld AMERICAN policy on arming Spain and taking Franco into the Western Unien will be
war
—de nothing, for awhile at’
least. Military wants Franco fortified. State Department says if we do that British, French, a n 4. Italian labor, which heartily distikes Franco,
: ; will pull against us.
- =n » CANADA has set up an industrial mobilization plan in event of war similar to that on paper here, It would be all out allocation of materials and orders.
» » » pa THE United States and Can~
ada have agreed on the establishment of a joint Pacific network of weather reporting ships, five American, one Canadian, one Japanese, Dependable weather Faports are vital
s
IN ARGENTINA, the govrnment considers that World
WAR or no war, archaeologists are making new explorations on the Greek island of Samothrace. Karl Lehmann of New York University and Jean Charbonneaux of the Paris Louvre head the expedition. » - uo ISRAEL'S parliament is debating a bill to do away with capital punishment.
THE Korean war will speed up an Allied decision on establishing a ‘West German police force.
RUSSIA nie ih coming through’ with semi-annual {nterest payments on its $220 million postwar lend-lease settlement debut but with a kicker, It usually claims deductions for “damages” such as claim of losses due to the United States having stopped - pipeline shipments on lend-lease commitments after Dec, al, 1948.
THE SPIRIT of Mahatma Gandhi is seen through India's continued efforts to mediate the Korean and the Fast-West™ disputes. The great exponent of passive resistance is being quoted. more frequently than ever, ” ~ ” INDIA and Kgypt want the UN to direct Gen. MacArthur to refrain from using the atomie bomb in Korea but can't get the necessary votes. It is considered unlikely that the bomb will be used except in desperation. 5 n 2
"PRESIDENT SYNGMAN RHEE wants UN Torces to car-
ry the fight all the way through Northern Korea but there is strong opposition in the UN to going beyond the 38th Parallel. » ~ IRAQ o trying to steal Egypt's position as principal power in the Arab League. In all votes the Iraquis take an attitude between British-sub-sidized Jordan and the Ngyptian bloe including Syria, Lebanon, and the Yemen. With the new Arab state of Libya inclining toward Britain's group in the Middle East, Iraq aims at the make-weight position. vile ow = THE skyrocketing Italian tourist prices are coming down
Packed 2 On Guard Agai ‘Gate Crashers’
Birth Certificate Rule to Bar
Under-Agers Unenforceable By The Times City Staff REPORTS SAYING children entering school first time this fall need birth certificates is in error. There is such a rule, but school officials find it un
. attention are
in northern aly dye to a 5 Finding.
“Our Fair City—
enforceable.
Too many pupils come from outside Indiana : don't have birth certificates. By time they show up | school without them, it's too late. Board of Education says it will put pressure crowded districts. It wants to make sure pupils are enough for kindergarten or first grade.
Crowding is worst in fast-growing areas. Most te) fected are School 69 and 91 northeast of the city, area around Windsor Village, west part of 16th St. and north
district near Shanks Airport.
REMEMBER big “harmony” meeting of law enforcement
_ Officers a couple of weeks ago?
Backs were slapped, everyone posed happily for pictures. Photographer had a bright idea—minions of the law Po.
against a background of slot machines, It was nixed,
J ~ r “Statehouse squint” is be~ coming a rarity. Tired-eyed state workers are beginning to brighten up as installation of new fluorescent lighting system in state offices nears completion, = » -
Spell Down A TIMES reporter placed a call to Prosecutor Harold Meloy in Shelbyville, “How do you spell that? asked long distance operator. “M-e-1-0-y,” replied reporter. “No,” said operator, “How do you spell prosecutor?” Ld »
SQUIRRELY argument had State Conservation Departs ment In trap last week, Southern Indiana hunters sald proposed Aug. 26-Oct. 20 season would cheat them because their prey would have moved north to gather later ripening nuts. Northern hunt- . ers felt they'd be penalized by an earlier season. Final declon: Aug. 19-Oct. 17, Barrage of squawks recalls another conservation crisis a couple of years back, Hunters complained they would shoot squirrel and find it was about to bear young. They thought department had set season wrong, exposing squirrels to danger during mating season, Department official decided to answer with form letter, He -dietated one, explaining the squirrel, being a rodent, can bear young at any time, Sees
. retary misunderstood, wrote it:
“The squirrel, heing ardent, ¢an bear young at any time,"
MOTORISTS still won't be riding on velvet after Washington 8t. paving improvements, West half is to be rebuilt and east half resurfaced. But Indianapolis Railways still has 92 streetcars in service, and they are domiciled in carbarns at 1800 W. Washington 8t, Street can’t be completely smoothed out until streetcars are retired, sometime in the misty future.
» » “CHILDREN’S SIZE” hex» agonal stop- sign at 16th St. ind College Ave. intrigues motorists—those who can see it. The signpost, scarcely more than four feet high, appears to be leftover from adult-sized street department job, :
Sleeping Double : DOUBLE PARKERS find sanctuary on Kentucky Ave. in front of Lincoln Hotel, ! Policeman checking cars for overtime parking at Lincoln Hotel curh the other day had to walk between them and row of double-parked cars, which he ignored completely, 80 confident was one recent double parker that he sat com-
fortably asleep in ear, with
newspaper affixed to sun ‘visor to keep sunlight out of his face while he snoozed.
Live, but Temporary TELEVISION owners got new thrill last week. Some Fe, ported good reception of Indianapolis and
stations. One fan sald he was aotting “live programs,” which he
couldn't get from Indianapolis station.
Word went out that Bloomington station wangled more power from Fede
eral Communications Commise’
sion, Here's what happened; Bloomington station is tests! ing “live” tower tr with WLW, Cincinnati. But test is about over, There won't be any more “live” grams here, except for local talent, until new. microwave towers are in use : months in the future,
. » » “Ruptured ducks” are
5
coming more plentiful on coat’
lapels around town. Ex-Gls, who shunned these discharge emblems after the war, are polishing them up again, They want to impress
"mew erop of warriors and
guard against insult from new contingent of draftees. x
*. 5 » : 3 ANOTHER sign of the times is in windows of city’s “Litt Hollywood” on N. Illinois St, One film distributor has only: one “B" picture displayed In show window. Feature billi in same window goes to mammoth popcorn capable of turning out erunchy, crackly confection oy the: bushel, x
“RECORDS, records, who's got the records?” i That's, game federal audit sleuths are playing in Indians apolis City Hall, Checking on advance loans,
‘made by U, 8. to finanee plans
ning for future city Feds spent half-day last trying to total city records the accounts. Federal men already how much we had and what | was for, They just wanted see if the eity knew. Present officials could
immediately cite ius mt IL
at least three sewer projects,
all but forgotten we ie ing programs were Db! legal action.
It seems transfer of Works Board records has not completed since hone
split in 1045 to make sania tion division a separa
Sewer lines a ted ShIoug™ sity SD records.
ICE CREAM trill police whistles to siret