Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 June 1950 — Page 24

“Telephone RI ley 5551

system is now assured. The bill just passed by the Senate differs in a number, of details from the one passed by the House last October. : But the differences will be reconciled in a single measure ‘which President Truman probably will criticize as not going far enough, but which he certainly will sign into aw. si PE new IEW RONG Other” Fhivigs, will add 10 oF 11 million persons to the 35 million now covered by so-called old-age and survivors insurance; greatly increase the size of benefits paid; make eligibility requirements for such benefits more liberal; impose slightly higher payroll taxes on workers earning more than $3000 a year and on their employers.

ONE surprising thing about these bills is the overwhelming support they got in Congress. The vote for the _ House Bill was 333-to-14, and the vote for the Senate Bill. was 81-to-2, But these votes reflected two opinions held by overwhelming numbers of Republicans as well as Democrats: - ONE: That the government cannot turn back from, but must go forward with, the obligations it assumed when the Social Security principle was adopted in 1935. TWO: That present benefits are grossly inadequate to the needs of those who receive them, considering present --iving costs; and that even these benefits are not available to most of the people past 65. Another surprising thing is that almost nobody in Congress regards the new law soon to become effective as i than a temporary alleviation of the problem—a stop-ga to serve only until something better can be devised. Conservative Republicans; such as Sens. Taft of Ohio and Millikin of Colorado, and conservative Democrats like ~ Ben. George of Georgia, believe that ultimately there will be universal old-age Pensiona ona pay-as-we-go basis. 2

THIS 1 mean abandoning the ninsurance” pretext and the reserve fund which purports to back it, Benefits disbursed each year would be paid from currently collected payroll and perhaps other taxes, Alt persons reaching age 65. would be. eligible. for minimum “benefits, “augmented by credits acquired as at | re pe The Senate bill authorizes a comprehensive study of : Shia dik oie puopsale, asd that study should go forward

L Baymont of adequate universal pensions would require a declining proportion of younger people to support a growing proportion of their elders out of current production.

know just how great, That is only one of many questions which need thorough exploration.

_ Lobbyist for the Reds 8 ai ‘LIE; secretary-general of the United Nations, y believe that he is acting to “save” the organization by lobbying in Europe for votes to give China's seat in the United Nations to the Peking Reds, But what he is doing is more likely to destroy what is left of the organization. Russia is boycotting the United Nations and its agen‘cies because a majority on the Security Council has refused to support the Soviets’ motion to oust representatives of Nationalist China and give their places to the Chinese Communists.

REN i

long before the China question was raised. Whenever the Boviet delegates haven't been able to block a majority by use of the veto they have walked out of meeting if decisionsdid not suit them, Kowtowing to the Reds in this instance would settle nothing as far as they are concerned. But it ‘would further discredit the organization. >

» . NATIONALIST CHINA was a charter member of the _ United Nations, and in that respect has exactly the same status as the United States, Britain, France or the Soviet Union. To be sure, the area under its control has been vastly reduced since the organization was formed in San Francisco in 1045. Yet even now Nationalist China is “larger in both area and population than many members of the United Nations whose standing is unquestioned. : Under such circumstances, should the Nationalists be

because of a Soviet demand? Certainly only on the theory that might makes right. Communist China has the right of every new government to apply for membership in the United Nations. But it cannot claim with any validity to be the one and only China when there are in fact two Chinas, one with its capital Jin Formosa, the Qther at Peking.

_ WHICH, it either, China is entitled to a permanent eat on the Security Council is quite another question. And if a case can be made against the Nationalists’ right to that position it does not follow that Communist: China should automatically succeed to it. Mr. Lie has no business intervening in this situation in behalf of the Communists. His partisan activities have destroyed his usefulness and are a reflection on the organization he was elected to serve. ~ If the United Nations must sacrifice its own character

placed in an untenable position by remaining in the organization.

Sad ad_Commentary

-TTHREr showing new concrete roads beirig built in a fashion that will aid their speedy destruction in event of war. All along the pavements on either side a series of holes have been grilled and covered with concrete caps. In an emergency, a retreating force needs only to drop explosive charges into the holes and fall back. Saves a lot of digging, and a lot of time. 4 Probably the next step: Bridges and tunnels complete i=. with TNT and fiise systems, needing only the touch of a ~ denotator to set them off.

Tm

Glos LAGAE and the People Will Find Thew Own Woy

A SWEEPING extension of the federal Social Security

‘The cost obviously would be great—nobody now seems to

But Russia's resort to the boycott had become a habit

deprived of representation in a world organization-simply ———

to mollify Moscow's whims, self-respecting nations will be

'S a grim note in pictures from Western Germany 5

GUINEA PIG... By Peter Edson

. lllinois Rent Control Test tobe 2.

SPRINGFIELD, Ii, June 23-—The - special session of the Illinois Legislature called b Gov. Adlai E. Stevenson gives this state the first

_ opportunity to act on new rent control legis-

lation just passed by Congress. : Illinois cities have no legislative power of their own, being creatures of the state legislature. Bo it was necessary to get enabling laws passed, to permit the locil communities to take advantage of extended rent controls after Dec, 31, if they want them, Governor Stevenson has recommended this action, Illinois is therefore the guinea pig for the nation, : Seventy of the 100 Illinois counties are now without rent controls. Of the 439 smaller com-

munities that have. retained. rent.controls; :4b- yt pie tings. THIS “are in the Chicago-Cook County area, . 1 ire SPARTA on on The Only ofié request for decontrol was filed in

Springfield this year. -It came from a little community of 500 in southern Illinois. But whén it was feared that Congress would not extend rent controls beyond this June 30, tenants flooded the governor's office with copies of notices they received, advising them of proposed | 50 to 100 per cent increases

Taking Care of Poor

THE whole problem, as Governor Stevenson has sized it up, is in rentals of §100 per month or less in the Chicago area, and of $50 per month or less downstate. It is the problem of taking care of the poor, and the problem of

— perhaps 10 per oa of the landlords who would

victimize the poo : Governor Rvanson feels that it Chicago has to increase its taxes, in order to secure operating revenues, rent advisory boards should recommend slight Increases in rents, to cover

the tax raise. But anything like a general 50 .

per cent increase in rentals would, he feels, lead to wage increase demands, rent strikes, and a resulting increase in the state's already overburdened relief load. Whether the state legislature will approve the governor's program was the great uncer tainty. The Republicans control the Senate. The Democrats control the House. Both have small margaing, And the record of co-operation between the governor and the legislature during the 1049 session was not perfection, ~~ Governor Stevenson began by asking the legislature for the most extensive reform pro-. gram in the state's history. Having been elected by & record majority of over 500,000, he thought he had a mandate. Maybe he bit off more than the legislature could chew, The governor claimed that he got two-thirds of the things he asked for. His major setback was on his request for a convention to draft a new state constitution. This falled in the House,

Memo to Congress:

Employees of private life insur- - ance companies each handle four times as many comparable transactions as a Veterans Administration employee.

> H More business-like efficiency could save many thousands of dollars in government bureaus,

SIDE GLANCES

GOR. 400 BY MA Minvier, Ww maw 4

"How'm. | gonns write 8 good theme on 'How | Sport My 3 garden?"

Vacarion' if all | do is weed the

ma misire

By Galbraith

A two-thirds majority was required. The vote fell five short of the necessary 102. Democrats supported it almost unanimously. But several Republicans who had supported the call fora constitutional convention when it was a GOP proposal in 1947, voted against it in 1949 on purely partisan grounds,

Lost Its Chance .

BY that action, Illinois lost its chance to give its cities more home rulé¢ and provide the much-needed tax refor the next best. thing, the governor supp 5 so-called Gateway amendment which would permit the voters to pass on three amendments to the constitution. .

-the- November election: One other major setback which Goversor Stevenson received was on his proposal for a Fair Employment Practices Commission. Race “relations in Illinois are pretty tense. Southern Illinois, around Cairo, is farther South than Louisville and has complete segregation. On the positive side, the governor points with pride to the work of his Little Hoover Commission, which worked on state government reorganization, the improvement in administration and the greater appropriations for the school system, reorganization of the Department of Mines, overhauling of public assistance programs and the management of state hospitals and institutions, Even Republicans concede that the governor's staffing of his major assistanis and his braintrust in the governor's mansion were good, and not mere political spoils appointments.

Reform Takes Time

BUT, says the governor, though what he did in one year was more than has been done in

. many, 10-year periods in the past, it was a mere

beginning. He could work at this political reform for eight years and still not get it all done. As to whether he will seek a second term as governor, he is somewhat evasive, After all, he has two and one-half years more to serve in his first term. When the time comes to make that decision, it will be necessary to look at the record and.see how much service of good “government has been given the people. That's the real test in determining whether any poli-

tician Showid be returned to office.

What Others Say—

COMMUNIST and other totalitarian states believe in running affairs from the top down. In the United States . . . we are proving how superior it is to carry on our government from the grass roots upward.— President Truman,

THE most modern of planes, tanks, guns or submarines today may become obsolete by . . . introduction of more capable substitutes tomorrow.~ Defense Secretary Louis Johnson.

THE Dixlecrats: are just. Republicans with a southern accent.—Rep. Andrew J. Biemiller (D), of Wisconsin.

ALL that we can foresee clearly now is that the struggle—for-peace willbe tong snd difficult.—~Navy Secretary Francis P. Matthews,

THERE is no simple formula for peace and Justice in a world divided against itself.—Sen. Herbert Lehman (D), N. Y.

Japan.

subject under discussion is of paramount importance. The President presided last fall when the council rejected the joint chiefs of staff's recommendation that this country send arms and limited military —- missions to bolster the Chinese Nationalists on Formosa. : n ” . OTHER members of the council include Mr. Johnson, Vice President Alben Barkley, ~W. Stuart Symington, chair —man of the National Security Resources Board, and Secretar@of State Dean Acheson. Mr, Johnson and Gen. Omar Bradley, chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, have been conferring in Tokyo this Week with Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Gen. MacArthur was reported to have told them ONE. That Formosa still can be saved. : TWO. That Japan has rejected communism but the

e-23 THREE. That our position

i

. ballots for

Informed sources say It is “quite likely” that President Truman will attend. Mr. Truman usually sits in only when the

victory can be lost if we relax. - Far East is extremely -

going to have to out of both Burope and Asia, that we well get out now As Lsee it, if we can get out now still

about which this extremely fine article was written.

SOCIAL SECURITY .

veasonable beliefs We must bear 18 mind that millions of people, like myself, never have taken time to aE A

! _selves Tor the benefit of those who feel that the

fire of af Hverty is burning itself out, Perhaps they can be Heard. With very little planning by an organization or group of civic-minded citizens, a day such as the Fourth of July could be set aside for the rekindling of the fires of liberty or true Ameri.

No greater fear can be instilled in the ant. American groups than to witness p great ‘expres.

sions of loyalty to Americ ca.

Better Speak Up Quickly’

By ¥. M,, Indianapolis

It is difficult to know how the rank and file of the citizens of Indianapolis feel about “rent control for the landlords have made such .a din the past several weeks, This I do know: Tremendous pressure is being brought to bear by owners and real estate men on our City Council to lift rent controls, The people who rent are going to_have to look after their own interests and if they do

. not want to have their pockets picked again,

they had better speak up and quickly. After controls are gone, it will be too late to start

: Shouting.

By Andrew ily

Pensions for nk Sitters?

WASHINGTON, J tine 23—8hould baby-sitters get pensions? Now wait a minute. This is serious. It's one of the big problems the Social Security tax unit of the Internal Revenue Bureau of the Treasury Department will have to settle before next Jan. 1. It's all because the Senate has passed an amendment to the Social Security law including domestics in Uncle Sam's pension program. The House has passed a similar amendment with some variations, but after conference between the two branches an amendment satisfactory to both House and Senate is a cinch to become law. Now- about baby-sitiers. Both amendments provide Social Becurity benefits for domestics

——who-work two- ss ‘more a week in the same

home.

sits for you while you go to the movies is ine cluded in this category. Bo are maids, cooks, laundresses, handymen, gardeners, chauffeurs, home nurses, butlers, valets and personal sec retaries. :

How Many Days?

THE Bureau of Internal Revenue boys frankly don’t know what they're Boing to do about those baby-sitters. They'd like to take refuge in the clause which says a domestic must work a certain number of days each quariep ter Hie Hous wersiantaye 20. days; the Senate. vers sion 24 But then they run “up “against the cael ars—girls who baby-sit permanently for one family. A lot of these girls work a lot more than 26 days per quarter. Some of them average four or five nights a week in a socially busy town: like Washington, for instance, In the past, the bureau has steered clear of complications by ruling that a babysitter is

Until somebody says otherwise, the girl who

er how. the new law is

seif-employed or an employee of a baby-sitting establishment. In the first case, it didn't matter, because she (or he) wasn’t covered anyway. second; it was the baby-sitting establishment's problem, But this new amendment has put the bureau on the spot—it has to make sure that as many persons as possible are made eligible for benefits.

Rigs Protected

ALSO on the spot will be the nation’ 8s houses “Wives, THete are more than a million domestics employed in the U.S, and the rights of each one will have to be protected. 3 According to the ‘all-but- passed law, “the ‘on-a-domestic's wages -and-the domestic the dther 115 per cent. Nobody's figured out yet how the tax will be collected, but the Social Security Administration has been thinking of doing it with stamps. - Under this plan, the housewife would buy, - stamps at the post office and stick them in a book held by the domestic. Somebody ‘also has suggested a quarterly tax return to be filled out by the housewife, but

the wives of the married men writing the regu- _

lations seem sure to kill that one,

New Club Over Employer = ONE-thing-it-ell-adds up-to; though, no-mats administered—-that's a new club for the domestic to hold over the employer. - Promptly on Jan. 1 maids, butlers, chauffeurs and valets throughout the nation will confront their employers with a demand that the latter kick in with both shares of the.social security tax—or they'll go down the street and work for somebody wie will,

WESTERN EUROPE . . . By Ludwell Denny Dangers in Coal-Steel Authority

WASHINGTON, June 23-—-The Paris conference on pooling West European coal and steel resources under a super-national authority is the most daringly hopeful meeting since the Armistice. As an effort to set up a form of international government above national sovereignties it also involves obvious dangers and grave risks. Its justification is that—if successful —it may end the old French-German conflict which has caused s0 many Wars, But, if mishandled, it -could revive Germany as a potential aggressive partner of Russia. It could create a “third force” or neutral Western Europe, as between Russia on one side and Britain and America on the other— thus undermining the Atlantic community and defense system, and inviting Soviet absorption of all Europe. It could isolate Britain from ~ Europe.

AND it could create .a West European heavy industry cartel, developed with Marshall Plan American taxpayer dollars, at the expense of American and British industries. Whether the result will be good or bad or the proposal will simply fizzle out—probably will not be known for many months. Much” will depend on the practical details, none of

which is yet even blue-printed. Also much )

' Schuman Adds to Tangle’

will depend on the nature and powers of the proposed super-government. And most of all will depend on who controls such a supergovernment. There is nothing new about the general jdea. Many statesmen for a generation have

helieved there could be no permanent peace

solution for the continent without some form

of United States of Europe based on French. .

German union. There have been French-Ger-man private industry cartals in the past. Ever since the Armistice there has been talk in

NO CONFLICT . . . By Jim G. Lucas Er to Rotor on MacArthur Advice

WASHINGTON, June 23-—Defense Secretary Louis Johnson may make a first-hand report on conditions in the Far East to the National Security Council as soon as he returns from

FOUR. That we must retain Japanese bases to protect this country,

IN THE past, “there have been conflicting reports about Ge

anese peace treaty. Assistant Secretary of State J. Walton Butterworth and Tracy Vorhees, former Army undersecretary, cama back with different stories. Even the three joint chiefs, who saw Gen. MacArthur together, could not agree on what he said. By reporting to the Security Counefl, Mr. - Johnson can give everyone tha same version at the same time.

o " . WHETHER Mr. Johnson again will recommend ald for Formosa is uncertain. He has said he will rely heavily on Gen. MacArthur's advice, Gen. MacArthur made a strong case, it was reported. How. ever, this. country’s Far Eastern net has been a

Each

ara

“jndustry pool.

based on resources -

location of $75 million worth of military aid to the general area of China—but it excludes Nationalist China. The National Security Coun-cil-—-established to “advise the President with respect to the ' integration of domestic, foreign and military policies relating to national security’ recently has taken an active part in policy « making. secretary, James Lay, briefs Mr. Truman every morning. The council meets avery Tues“day and Wednesday in the White House Cabinet room.

- - » IN ADDITION, each member has a deputy for council affairs. Mr. Acheson is represented by’ Ambassador-at-Large Philip Jessup; Mr. Johnson by retired Maj. Gen, “James H. Burns, his special assistant for foreign affairs and military assistance, and - cil Mr, Symington by Tom Lamphere, former president of the Air Force Association. man now has other duties. However, soon may create a permanent

Germany about an international governmental And the French Andre Philip, made a somewhat similar proposal two ° years ago.

And in the |

3

Much Misunderstanding Bt

UNFORTUNATELY the Paris® negotiations begin in a fog'of public misunderstanding. It is not true, as widely believed, that France i8~ united for the plan—the parliamentary come mittee was evenly divided, and French in. dustrialists wang an old-style cartel. It is not true, as widely believed, that Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg and Italy are committed—they are merely willing to try to work out details, Nor is it true, as widely believed, that British unwillingness to make an advance com-= mitment is limited to the Socialist Labor Party or Labor government. Winston Churchill, . the Tory leader, has headed the opposition to ~guper-national power for the Council of Europe” and he was the first to issue a public go-slow warning on the Schuman coal-steel plan, Because Britain's world-wide ties with empire and commonwealth and with the United States are considered more important than her continental interests, both major parties are reluctant to give up any British sovereignty to a European super-government. They want an associate rather than full membership in any European union.

THESE are only a few of the many coms plications in this grand but still vague concept. And Schuman has added to the complications by witholding French {ron ore from the pool, and by reversing his original proposal that the coal-steel pool cover export marketing as. well as production. Nevertheless, most stateamen-agree that the necessary birth paing will be worth it if any form of genuine peace union of Western Europes can be created.

chairman has focused the council’s attention on mobile ization plans. Mr. Symington has shown keen interest in council matters, In its early days, he was a member as Secretary of the Air Force,

civilian economy. The council now has a “five foot shelf” of policy papers, covering everything from the Antarctic to satellite nations, For instance, it made the decizion to resist the Whitsun« - tide invasion of West Berlin by East German youth by force if necessary. It was consuited on Hungary's ransom terms for the possible release of Robert Vogeler.. .

- - ” THE council has outlined Uncle Sam's national ohjece tives In any possible war. ~Aithough the Security Coun. is an.-advisory - body, it directs the activities of the central intelligence agency.

Barbs THE single objection den taxes is that they easily found. :

Its

the council

Be §E

. Now he is spokesman for the

through J

teachers, who desir in impron children. —Attendl are Miss 24; Miss: School 91; student al

400,000 T * VATIC, ==More ti jam St. P ity tomo! Maria Go hood, Vat

a po wn Jo