Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 April 1950 — Page 18

The Indianapolis

Roy w. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE | Editor :

Times <r

HENRY W. MANZ Business Manager

PAGE 16 Wednesday, Apr. 19, 1950

VEL

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The Note to Russia

THE American note to Russia, demanding redress for loss of the U. 8. Navy plane, which disappeared in the Baltic Sea area on Apr. 8, is couched in diplomatic. terms,

It charges the Soviets with firing on an unarmed American plane over the open sea. It tells them that our government regards this act as a violation of international law and of the most elementary. rules of peaceful conduct between nations. : nn x "- ER sien IT ASKS the Russian government to confirm these American conclusions by a prompt and thorough investiga“tion of its own, and then to express its regrets, punish the responsible persons and pay appropriate indemnity for the “unprovoked destruction of American lives and property.” Some Americans might have preferred to see our attitude stated in less restrained language. But this is serious business. Those who drafted the note in the State Department were wisely careful in their choice of words. Moreover, in situations of this kind, it is customary to allow an offending nation full epportunity to make amends. Russia has been given the choice of doing. that or being considered guilty of warlike conduct toward a friendly nation. s = = . ® ® QUITE properly, the American note makes or implies no threats. It does demand issuance of strict instruetions to the Soviet air force “that there be no repetition, under whatever pretext, or incidents of this kind which are "80 clearly calculated to magnify the difficulties of maintaining peaceful and correct international relations.” Moscow's reaction to this note will enable. the world to judge the sincerity of Russia's protestations of desire to keep the peace.

Meddling in Greece HE United States is pursuing a political policy in Greece Which is contrary to America's traditional position on the rights of all nations to self-determination and selfgovernment without outside interference. -: - . If our relations with other countries receiving American aid follow a similar pattern, neutral areas of the world may conclude that American and Russian intervention differs. only in degree. Some 18 political parties participated in the .recent Greek election, No party won a majority in the new parliament. King Paul then called Constantin Tsaldaris, whose party had won.the largest number of seats, to form a coalition government. Mr. Tsaldaris’ effort failed and the king next called on Sophocles Venizelos, whose party had cap-’ tured the second largest number of seats.

. ~ ” o ” ” MR. VENIZELOS accepted the premiership and formed a cabinet, but was forced to resign under American pressure, exerted through Ambassador Henry F. Grady and Paul R. Porter, chief of the Economic Co-operation Administration in- Greece, IEA “777 "Now Gen. Nicholas Plastiras, who headed the third party in the election, has formed a government. But it cannot be said with candor that his regime will represent the- dominant elements in Greek public life, since it is a product of American dictation. The State Department's motives in this maneuvering may be snow white. But in broad outline our intervention in Greece has™Yollowed much the same pattern used by Mascow in the Balkap Ge Eu :

to talk about.

me ‘au ® = ” ww = WE have every right to-lay down the terms upon which American aid will be given to any country. We also have the right to inspect and, if necessary, supervise administration of funds we grant to other countries. ” But ‘we are going far afield to invite unnecessary trouble when we encroach on the sovereignty of an independent nation and dictate the particular parties and individuals who shall constitute its government. That is to usurp functions which do not belong to us ‘and assume responsibilities which we should not accept, , . even by invitation. ’ **" We cannot hold the Greeks responsible for a government which has been forced upon them. And our inter-

“of popular support ‘which it must have to succeed. - “Tax Payments JFAILURE of the Republican Marion County Council and Democratic Treasurer. Charles Greathouse to settle their dispute over funds for mailing out tax duplicates does not « “mean that these payments can be allowed to lapse beyond the legal deadline, May 1, without penalties. . Nox The last legislature authorized county treasurers to +. budget money for mailing tax notices but the appropriation i+ Hor this work was held up in Marion County by a feud be“tween the Council and the Treasurer over procedures. Whatever the merits of the dispute on one side or the other, the fact remains that under existing law the spring installment on-taxes for personal property and real estate must be paid on or before the usual first Monday in May deadline. Taxpayers will have to continue putting up with the incorivenience of going to the Courthouse for their-tax dupli- | cates or having them mailed by self-addressed, stamped ! envelopes until county officials settle their feuding over the : funds.

The YMCA Campaign THE membership drive being conducted by the Senate Ave. YMCA deserves the support of the community as a valuable contribution to the necessary work of youth guidance and character building. ¥ A membership in this institution means support for. - . #ctivities that will reduce juvenjjé delinquency and provide better fi¥ironment for many y men who need help.

DEAR BOSS . .. By Dan Kidney

Governor Job? ~~ Giver Top Rating in New York State Race

' WASHINGTON, Apr, 19—Dear Boss—Whenever there is a governorship race in New York

“state, Oscar R. (Jack) Ewing, a Hoosier Demo-

erat, always rates high in the spring bookmaking and this year is no exception. Stories are blossoming in all the New York i City papers giving the man whom Collier's magazine called “Mr. Welfare state him-

Democratic gubernatorial nomination. . Writing in the World-Tele-gram and Bun, political expert Ray Ghent named the 1952 ai ticket heads as Mr. Ewing and ~ iy “(Gov. Thomas E. Dewey. The

Mr. Ewing Republican canidadte, if’ this comes true, just as is his 1948 national ticket running mate, Gov. Earl Warren of California. Since the third term issue fdiled to stop Franklin D. Roosevelt, Gov. Dewey may well have changed his mind about it being so dele. terious. Since Mr. Ewing has been among those mentioned in the spring books so often, Mr. Ghent offered this explanation . .. ;

“It (the New York governorship nomination) would climax a slow but steady buildup for Federal Security Administrator Oscar R. Ewing, for many years the protege of Edward J. Flynn of the Bronx. By his record of stanch support of the Truman program Mr. Ewing.also. could command Liberal Party support.

Shunned by Democrats

“AS for the leftist American Labor Party, shunned by the Democrats, it must put up a gubernatorial candidate this year to retain regular party status on the ballot. Just how strong this candidate will be (or, translated into pracSeal polities, just how many votes the ALP choice will take away from the Democrats) is largely up to Rep. Vito Marcantonie.” Mr. Ewing says he doesn't know Vito and has no notion of what the New York Commie crowds intend to do. But he has accepted two

“speaking dates from labor unions whose head

men are also leaders.in the Liberal Party in New York. One is Alex Rose, new president of the United Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers Union, and the other is President. David Du- * binsky of the International Ladies. Garment Workers Union. Mr. Ewing was invited to address the Hatters’ convention in New York May 3 and the Dubinsky union at Atlantic City May 24.

Running This Time HI8 prompt acceptance was taken to mean that he really is running for the gubernatorial nomination this time. In other years the FSA administrator has assumed a sort of “I'll take it if they give it to me” attitude and they never did. This time he is as available as former Indiana Gov. Paul V. McNutt used to be as the presidential nominee. CIO Unions that have been most active in New York Democratic politics also are indicating strong support for Mr. Ewing. Last month he received the $1000 annual award of the Sidney Hillman Foundation for meritorious public service. - The foundation was created fn honor -of the late founder and first president of the Amalgamatéd Clothing Workers, who also pioneered in founding CIO. The day after he speaks to the Hatters in

" New York, Mr. Ewing will go to Boston to ad-

dress the sixth biennial convention of the CIO Textile Workers Union,

Same Position SHOULD he be nominated by the Democrats

“WIth Tibefal Party support he will be in the same

position as former Gov. Herbert H. Lehman in his successful Senate race against John Foster Dulles last fall. Sen. Lehman received 2,155,763 Democratic votes and 426 67% Liberal votes. Mr. " Dulles, who ran only on the Republican ticket, polled 2,384 381 votes. ’ With Sen. Lehman having to run again’ for

the full six-year term, it is most likely that the

Democrats will choose a candidate who , will g. So far it Bir Rg

t 0 Pie i: 3

Gan

against him. For'Gov. Pewey is just a boy from Michigan who made good in New York.

FLORIDA POLITICS . . . By Earl Richert

Health Plan Argued

CLEARWATER, Fla. Apr. 19—Florida voters are the first in the nation to be given the chance to express their views on Presiealth insurance program. Sen. Claude Pepper, who is seekingjrenomination in the Democratic’ primary May 2, is campaigning clearly and unequivocally

‘dent Truman's controversial national

for the program.

Ewing Seeking

self” the inside track for the

“third term

PRESSURE ON STATES . . . By Peter Edson Reforms in Jobless Insurance?

SWARHINGTON, “Apr. ‘19-There is plenty of trouble ahead for the legislatures of the 48 states, Alaska and Hawail if President Truman's unemployment insurance reforms should be adopted. Every one of them would have to change its laws to meet the new standards outlined in the President's recent special message to Congress. ; * " President Truman first asked for extended unemployment insurance coverage in his 1946 state of the union message. He's been asking for it ever since, without getting any results, This time, however, the administration has drafted a bill to carry out the President's reforms. Rep. John McCormack of Massachusetts has introduced it in the House. Few people believe this bill stands any chance of passage this year. But if the House Ways and Means Committee can be persuaded to hold hearings on the McCormack bill, these hearings might have _ some influence on the states. Nearly. all the state legislature meet next year. Without waiting for Congress, the states could raise their unemployment insurance standards. In a way, therefore, the President's message is an indirect appeal to the states, over the heads of. Congress. -

Differing Legislation

THE various state unemployment insurance systems now vary so. much in detail it takes an expert to understand them. For instance, the present federal law exempts all employers with fewer than eight employees in any 20-week-period of-the year. Nineteen state have similar provisions. The McCormack bill, however, would provide unemployment insurance for -an -employer of one employee. i This would take into the system an addiAlonal 3.500.000. employees..of .small. establish. ments not. now covered. Alaska, Arkansas, California, Delaware, . District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maryland, Montana, Pennsylvania and Standard of 26 Weeks Washington already have the one-employee provision. All the other states would have to comply. , On the matter of how much gn employee must earn to be eligible for unemployment insurance, the states vary even more widely. The low requirement is $100" a year in Rfiode Island, the high $60Q in Washington. In between Are many

insurance benefit, -¢2)-if he earned. -one-and-one-hgjf times his highest wage in any one quarteryear, or (3) if he was employed 20 weeks. Washington is probably the only state that would have to change. its. law. to.meet this.

Maximum Insurance

’ ON computation of weekly benefit, the McCormack bill would set the minimum insurance payable at one-half the weekly wage, up to maximum insurance of $30 a week for anyone making $60 a week over. Nearly two-thirds of the states now authorize unempioyment insurance payments of from 50 to-75 per cent of the weekly wage. The other third would have to change their laws to meet McCormack bill

. Actually, no state has paid insurance of as much as 50 per cent of wages. Massachusetts and Louisiana in December paid 47 per cent of the wage, Utah 46 per cent, Rhode Island 45, Arkansas 44 and 10 other states paid over 40 per cent. No state is paying a $30 a week maximum. The high Massachusetts -average last December was $23.66. The low states were West Virginia, Illinois and Florida, which paid 30 per cent of the weekly wage. The payment in Florida averaged $13.88 a week, in Georgia and Mississippi it was © $14.37, in Tennessee $15.34. Only Alaska and 10 states—Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio and Wyoming—now authorize additional insurance paid to the unemployed with dependents. The McCormack bill would set standards of 60 per cent of the wage up to a payment of $36 a week for unemployed with one dependent, 65 per cent up to $39 for two dependents, 70 per cent up to $42 a “pendents.: 8

ON length of time which the unemployed . could draw benefits, the McCormack bill would set a standard of 26° weeks. New York is now the onlyygstate that pays unemployment insurance for so long a time. All the other states would have to amend ‘their laws to meet such. . a requirement. Biggest change which the MeCormack, bill would require would be a.revision of state tax prope Su ETE ri 3 ig ] Jy i { Be Coltected $4800.

x fs rhe Ns ee 4 ht e _ on each workman's annual wages§ up to The present-limit is $3000, 4

By Galbraith

(1) if he earned 30,times as much as his weekly

SIDE GLANCES

.

standards. :

week for three or more, de-

perjt "of the law.

nt St wil Your tax dollar. ‘promotes genera - fare, a —~ tranquility and establishes justice,” as it is sta in the preamble of the Constitution of the United States. Nearly three-fourths of all taxes goes for

“war. This takes in pensions to veterans of all

wars. Would you want that reduced? About $18 billion goes for defense of our country. Would you want no deistnse or would you prefer

our defense’ wéakened to satisfy “the mone » No sensible voter wants that.

- How about the Veterans Administration? Do

you want to lower this standard by a lower

Old Age Pension. Would you wish to reduce

“this or cut it out entirely? Good people don't

want that. . Aid to dependent mothers and children (in“reased during the session of the last legisiature). Would we want to reduce this? FHA loans, health care for children, cancer research, ‘oans to farmers, mental heath research and many other things our taxes buys which we

could not dare be without lest our people suffer.

I would like for ‘Mr. Heinke of The Times to give us all of the services that are provided by the federal government which we enjoy now that we did not have in 1929 and then we can decide what we would like to do without,

3 . ‘Vacation Plan Sound By Clem J. Keller, 327 S. Oxford St. Published in newspapers recently was this - comment: “Most federal employees get the equivalent of 10 weeks paid vacation every year, which costs the taxpayers about $200 + million.” 3 The present leave laws governing federal employees were approved overwhelmingly, by the Congress and represent its considered judgment on the basis of long experience. The present 26 days of annual leave are a reduction under the 30 days formerly provided. However, this does not mean that all employees actually get even the 26 days, because work require ments in the various agencies and departments often do not permit. :

Futhermore, and this is highly important,

tens of millions of employees in private business and industry take time off for visits to doctors, shopping, attending funerals, and other personal errands, without loss of either leave or pay, Every single hour taken off by federal employees is charged against their annual leave; “and tardiness, too, in most instances is similarly a charge against leave. In keeping with progressive personnel prac= tice, Congress has established 15 days of sick leave. The records show, however, that the average amount of sick leave taken is just about half that. -It. should be noted, too, that the federal government is probably the only employer in this country which is working its employees longer now than before the war. An hour has been added to the work week, which adds up to the equivalent of 6' additional days ans nually. . The federal leave laws as they stand ar not, the result of whim or snap judgment. They have been evolved after years of practical working experience, and represent the best and con. sidered views of congressional and administra« tive authorites and many of the most qualified outside personnel authorities. To tamper with or tear down this structure doés not constitute the kind of economy which improves the effi= cient conduet of the public business. Z

What Others Say

THE basic principle of civil defense is selfhelp. If atomic war comes, it is the cities and states that must be fundamentally responsible for civil defense.— Chairman Brien McMahon of - the Joint Congressional Atemic Energy Committee. 2 cars ps

down. Winning this struggle is as vital to the peace and prosperity of the world as any military campaign in history.—Gen. George C. Marshall, on European recovery.” LE I * I STILL believe that some defense of Alaska is so important that it should be tonsidered above the others, both in time and in importance, —Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower. . . ee > @

charges of Sen. Joseph McCarthy.

MARRIAGE” - . . By Bruce Biossat

Divorce Law Study

WASHINGTON, Apr. 19—The American Bar Association is trying to whip up a plan aimed at rebuilding marriages that are headed for the rocks. The group already has produced some con-

The divorce laws in most U. 8. states assume that two married people can judge best for themselves what's wrong with their |

MAKE no mistake about it, the chips are

s oi & Prof. Owen Lattimore, answering

fsméntion probably has.denied that government: the measure

His opponent, Congressman George Smathers of Miami, is Just as clearly opposed.

® : SEN. PEPPER'S advocacy of the health insurance pro-

ETAT TA TEE Rea Tze med

cine by its opponents) is especially notable because Sen. Herbert H. Lehman (D. N. Y.), another Fair Deal supporter, was forced to announce his opposition in the hot New York Renate fight last fall. Most other Democrats have chosen to” duck the issue. “I

haven't quacked ar quailed hefore the huge slush fund of the medical .lobby,” shouts Sen. Pepper at his campaign audiences, most of which are

predominately old people. “It isn't socialized medicine. It is a system of insurance against disaster. The people who benefit will pay the premiums."”

» ~ = THE SENATOR, one of the nation's top oratorical spellbinders; drives his argument home with a story concernihg a couple that tried to save the

"life of their only son who was

paralyzed by an peration. “The couple,” he said, “spent $18000 trying to save the life of that boy. He died last year. First went their 'sav-

ings, then their. auto, then. their home, then they borrowed all they could. Now,

they're living in one room and still owe $3000 which they're paying off at the rate of $1000 A vear. “That could happe of us.” :

to any

. » - » THE Senator says he is ar@uing for the health insurance

program because it is for the good of the people. As long as he is Senator, he says, he doesn’t need to worry because he and Mrs: Pepper can go to

Washington for medical care without paying “one . thin dime." Rep. Smathers contends that the health insurance program would socialize medicine in this country. . . Although Sen. Pepper is on the offensive on the health insurance f{ssue, he is on the defensive on another hot national lissue-—creation of a fair employment practices commisston. i “I have .not voted for- the Truman FEPC,” he shouts. “In. fact, I've voted against it twice” - > ” - HE is on the defensive on this issue in this Southern/state because Rep. Smathers is cit-

ing over and over again Sen.’

Pepper's vote to continue appropriations for the wartime FEPC. “I would not-vote to cut out any agency set up by the commander in chief to help win the war,” the Senator explains. He assures his audiences that

-he will never vote for FEPC.

"As he swings about the state in a strenuous campaign schedule, Sen. Pepper is saying more and more kind things about President Truman, although it is President Roosevelt that hé praises most. rT ae, : FLORIDA political observers so.far have seen no sign that

President Truman is helping

Fr 3

.

WaMer, Reed. Hospital wd Momma

ry 4

|

Yes, I'm putting in an extra large garden--tymptoms are

there'll be a heavy rush of visiting rel

Sen. Pepper in the hot fight. But many expect some rabbit to be pulled out of the hat’in the closing. days of the campaign such as in 1944 when the administration made the Gandy Bridge at Tampa toll-free, to the huge benefit of Sen. Pepper.

Pepper supporters cannot see how President Truman can continue to maintain a handsoff attitude in the face of what they regard as a “‘Republican” campaign by Rep. Smathers. The Senator ardently defends the entire New Deal and cites the profits of General

atives this summer!"

Motors and U. 8. Steel to show how well off the big corporations are. :

= = ” “THE more money people

. make, the more they cuss the

government it seems,” he said. _ “Today, free enterprise in America is the strongest it's ever been.” He has a long and skillful defense to Rep. Smathers’ charges of his pro-Communist sympathies. But the statement the audiences seem to like best is: “If 1 am trying to sell out America to a foreign power,

%

_ than I should be indicted or.

the Senate should expel me.”

partnership and whether or not -it-should be dissolved. ” " »

JUDGE Paul W. Alexander

this problém, thinks this approach is wrong. He says it's like allowing a sick man to diagnose his own illness and prescribe remedies. The committee wants to see a plan adopted which will allow -experts to review a couple's marital difficulties before any legal break is decided upon. The proposed model plan would call for. thor-

- ough investigation by special-

ists into all phases of a troubled marriage. There would be frequent conferences with the couple involved. " s - TO reduce or eliminate the combative element in these situations, the committee feels divorce applications should not be called “complaints” and should not be regarded as parties to a knock-down-drag-out

fight. Marriage counséllors,—lawvers, psychoanalysts and

other experts would.approach a case with the overriding pur‘pose ‘of preserving the marriage if at all possible. - - ” RECENT studies of divorced individuals show that many regret their action. In lots of cases . they badly underesti‘mate the difficulties of readjusting to single status, and find themselves more unhappy when free than they were when married. Many are drive en to divorce by stubborn

pride, though in their hearts they don't want it. But none of the experts believes every shaky marriage

wf Tole. Qu. Wha, heads the... ueans be saved Deep-seated-difs +ABA’s special commitiee on

ferences between the partners often make rebuilding hopeless. Under the ABA plan, divorce would be recommended in such instances. But the dissolution would be private, and without accusations. “No lies and smears,” says Judge Alexander. :

” n on TO ease the shift to single status, the separating couple would be given advice on the new problems they are about to encounter. Sounder laws are needed at this point, too,

“to outline the: matter of finan-

cial support for the wife and any children involved. ‘ Sane, uniform, modernized divorce procedure is long overdue in the United States, Everyone concerned at the sausage-machine production of divorces in American courts should welcome hopeful plans like the one ABA is now pre paring. 1 Too many marriages .that could work are stamped as failures before they've had a real trial.

Barbs

AN Iowan built a doghouse 8 by 10 feet with brick walls and ‘electric heat. Probably the envy of every husband in. the block.

A MAN can glance at his middle in the mirror and spot the biggest trouble with middle age.

WALD

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