Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 April 1950 — Page 16
*
The Indianapolis
; A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER Y W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY WA Editor Business
a fv i
har states, ity $1. 10 a Bt Sunday. 100 a copy.
Telephone Rl ley 8551
Rive TAoRe and tha People Wi Find Th Awa Was
PAGE 16 Wednesday, Apr. 12, as
SECRETIN
copy tor datly and 100 "crete ay and Sundays, 356 » Shs Ah year, . yea 2 -
McCarthy Obscures the Issue AMERICAN Communists and their fellow travelers serving the interests of the Soviet Union in the United States have been fortunate that most of the investigations directed against them have been discredited by such men as former Rep. J. Parnell Thomas, Rep. John E. Rankin and Sen.
Joseph R. McCarthy.
Those reckless, partisan headline hunters, aided by administration officials who treat the issue as a red herring,
"have stood in the way of an honest, searching, competent
inquiry into the very real loyalty and security problem con-
fronting the American people.
The long-suppressed Amerasia case, the Fuchs confession, the Hiss and Coplon trials, and the related revelations of Whittaker Chambers and Elizabeth Bentley all point up the pressing need for such an inquiry. Congressional committee's aren't doing the thorough
job that needs to be done: provided.
Be tter machinery should be
a. »
- ” ” SEN. LODGE of Massachusetts is urging creation of a special committee made up of respected, representative Americans to conduct such an investigation. The Times made a similar proposal more than two years ago. Unfortunately, Democratic leaders in-Congress have shown no en-
thusiasm for the idea.
But we. believe that, on mature
consideration, they will see merit in the idea. Such a ‘commission should be composed of persons who understand the problem, who have no political axes to grind, and who enjoy general public confidence. Men such as former Sen: Robert M. La Follette, Gen. William J. (Wild
Bill) Donovan,
Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, the former.
ambassador to Russia, James B. Carey, secretary of the
C10; former Jiigtice Owen J. Roberts, Bernard M. ‘Baruch
and Herbert Hoover have qualifications of the kind re-
quired for such service. ~ ~
~ ” o ou
MEN like tint could conduct an investigation to end
investigations, and recommend additional security measures
if they are needed.
We've had too much petty partisanship— too many. blundering hunts by rabid partisans. And we'll continue to have more until we clean up this mess and clean it up right, by methods in ‘which the American people can have full
confidence.
If we should become involved in a war with this unsolved problem still in our laps a wave of hysteria would sweep this country which would make all the Red hunts and Ku Kluxism of the past look like pink tea affairs.
Let's tackle the problem while we can do it Bhjectively=--
and thoroughly.
Safeguards in Census-Taking
»
HERE has been little trouble reported so far in connection with the census-taking job here or elsewhere in Indiana but the nature of the work itself calls for a few
. safeguards and co-operation on the part of the public.
Unless citizens are alert, imposters with criminal intentions, posing as census takers, could gain illegal entrance
“to hones to commit & crime at the scene or use information
obtained in fake interviews for criminal purposes. Legally appointed census-takers assigned to this work are equipped with official identification cards with a gov-
ernment seal on them. » ~ ”
THE public can eliminate the dangers of. permitting imposters to enter their homes by insisting upon seeing the official identifications. Citizens also can help the big job along by co-operating with the census-taker as soon as he identifies himself properly by answering questions accurately
and promptly.
The census-taker is under oath and bond to guarantee strict secrecy on all information, that it will not be used for any purpose other than that specified by federal law and
regulations.
There need be no trouble on this job if citizens and census-takers co-operate on a few safeguards.
Not a Parking Privilege
SF-moeparking zones desig rated
utfietatty
Board of Safety with yellow-painted curbs were not designed for use as a special parking convenience for any
privileged citizen.
They were set aside as space regarded as necessary for loading and unloading work of business firms that had
. no other facilities for this activity.
But use of this space
has been abused in some instances by the parking of private cars in these restricted zones all day.
We are glad to see that the Police Department is ““éracking down on this practice By ordering” private cars out of these zones and by rejecting new applications for * space where none is necessary.
ing”
‘load-
. Curb space belongs to the public—not for privileged
- parking.
Well Done, but—
AVY
officers ‘do not claim a record for that Snorkel-
equipped. American submarine which stayed under water for 21 days as it traveled 3200 miles. They merely say it's the longest underwater run they ‘ever heard of. It was an impressive feat, but our elation over it is tempered by the fact that Russia also has Snorkel submarines and we don’t know what they've achieved. The Snorkel is a German-developed breathing tube, extending from the ship to the surface, to permit intake
of fresh air and exhaustion of gases. equipped can.stay under water using her diesel engines as long as her fuel holds out.
A submarine thus
The cruise of the Pickerel from Hong Kong. to Hawaii no doubt will focus renewed attention on the possibilities of submariné warfare. But here again we get into the realm of speculation—it seems that both the United States and Russia are working on a hydrogen peroxide engine which eould eliminate the Snorkel and permit-even longer
underwater eruises,
_ So where are we? Still at some unclear point as we og position in a war.
ir ; 1 7 if
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“frr-thet:
bs HE =
Press Nop Raps:
Urges Magazine Be Deprived Of U. S. Information Service WASHINGTON, Apr. 12—Dear Boss—Republican Sen. Harry P. Cain of Washington took two hours of Senate time to tell off Time magazine because it listed him and seven other Senators ‘as “expendable.” One of those listed was the junior Republican Senator from Indiana, William E. Jenner. Under the picture of each of the eight Time gave reasons why they considered each one’s retirement would be a Sehate improvement. It was done in typical Time ‘“smart-aleck”. style. So Sen. Cain coined a word for Frank McNaughton, who he said authored these articles. He called him a “Timebrat,” which is after the manner of Time's own word coinage. He said the Senate should see that Time treats Senators more kindly or that it gets no subsidies from the overseas Information service of the government. Sitting in the press gallery you colds’ t help but ponder what a government will demand from the press.if they pay the fiddler. It gave considerable point to both the Associated and United Preds turning down.sale of their news services to the State Department's Voice of America. &
Call the Tune
FOR governments: are run by politicians and whenever they pay the fiddler they are apt to expect to call the tune. That was one of the things inherent in Sen. Cain’s speec Roe other was an Snprécadon; od personal att on Reporter McNaughton. An outstanding part of this assault was the stressing that Mr. McNaughton, who i{s*small In stature and not too rugged in health was unable to get into World War II. Also that he hasn't voted lately. Sen. Cain left the Tacoma mayorship tp go overseas with the Army and returned a fighting hero with the rank of colonel won on the battlefield. That was helpful in sending him here, Because Frank McNaughton's experience did not include such things, Sen. Cain thinks him disqualified to head Time's Senate staff.
Don’t Attack Reporters MOST sensible Senators take the bitter and the sweet in press accounts, They seldom waste the Senate's time attacking reporters. The worst crime, so far as reporters are concerned, is calling the boss to complain about them. Word of such conduct gets around the press galleries and is never very helpful to the offenders. The late Sen. William Borah (R., Ida.) probably had the -best press notices over the longest period of time of any man who ever sat
bitter ‘press attack at times. He never com: plained. That contributed to his greatness, in a country which prides itself upon a free press. Hoosier statesmen, both Republicans and Democrats, have been fairly free from. such faults. For the most part they are of the Borah type in this respect. Some have their own ideas of what a story should-be like, of course. One such is Rep. Andrew Jacobs, Indianapolis Democrat, publicity than any congressional freshman. In a letter to a constituent, Mr. Jacobs gives his idea of how the press should handle- his “news releases.”
‘Should Publish Release’
“I MIGHT point out that these news releases are sent to each one of three daily newspapers in Indianapolis. Not because of my individual worth, but, because I do represent more than 500,000 people in the 11th district, it seems to me the public press could do well to publish these news releases in ordefr that not only you and a few others whom I have occasion to send: them to might read them but so that the public at large could see what their representative is thinking about. I may be entirely wrong in regard to some of the statements that I have made but I assure you I try to tell the people the truth and, if I am in error about any of them, the more apt I am to be corrected. “TI am not complaining about their not being -published, because I have no personal right to have them published, but so long as I occupy the’ office that I do, the press, as the liaison between the government and the people, could
well carry the raw words. of the ConEressmaf...c... . who. is a representative of the people;
i in order that they might better understand what their representative thinks. I feel that it is not I but the people who arg cheated and I think they are
-cheated even though such releases are foolish
because, after all, if the people are represented by a fool, they should know it.’ Of course all the thoughts of Senators and Congressmen, great or small, can be published at full length at the taxpayers’ expense in the Congressional Record. Reprints can be had at nominal cost and they can be franked to anyone interested. Again the taxpayer picks up the check. It is no small item in an election year either.
WORLD AFFAIRS . . . By Peter Edson
Europe Union Power
-While the idea of a closer union among Western European countries is making slow headway, there is at least one French political leader who is for it. is M. Paul Reynaud. a deputy in the French National Assembly Commission of
* WASHINGTON, Apr. 12
and president of the Economic Furopean Assembly. He is making a month's
5
8S Serate: He atso was the subject ofr
who probably has had more favorable:
the Consultive 2 (ONE of the Unjieq
MILITARY COMPARISON
WeaknessinRed Armed Power
WASHINGTON, Apr. 12--Russia is ready #r _
continental—but not yet for intercontinental -— warfare, .reporis..from..behind .the-lron.. Curtain indicate.’ : In other words, those in this country who make it their business to Know are convinced that the Soviets have a hard-hitting war machine, hut lack the means of moving it. And, they say, Nathan Bedford Forrest's maxim “Git thar fustest with the mostest”-—is still sound military doctrine. Russia is the largest land mass under one government in the world. Within its borders are the means of sustaining a great industrial-mili-tary effort. However, this land mass, covering one-sixth of the earth, is both a strength and a weakness. The inadequacy and high cost of transport
, necessary to serve the widely scattered areas of
the Soviet Union make mobilization and defense a major problem. The Red army is big and well-equipped, but it lacks mobility, With an area three times that of the United States, Russia has a rail system only one-third as large. The United States has 232,524 miles of rails; Russia, 71,790.
‘Rail Losses Heavy
8 DURING the war Ys lost 55 per cent
(15,800) of her locomotives, 45 per cent (428,000) of her freight cars, 70,000 miles of right-of-way, 15,000 bridges and 4100 stations. Many lines will not be operating until 1951, Most of Russia's equipment is antiquated, and the entire rail system needs repairs, our reports indicate. Two-thirds of her freight cars are of the small two-axle type, and carry only one-third as much as American cars. Moreover, they are badly worn and need constant maintenance.
than ours. The majority are steam-powered and incapable of pulling heavy grades. A speed of 30 miles an hour is considered good. Russian roadbeds are poor. Rails are of light construction and switches are relatively bad. This has accounted for several major wrecks recently. New construction compares favorably with ours, In 1949, however, Russia produced only 880 locomotives against our 1487. She made 39,000 freight cars; we made 102,000. Passenger car construction was negligible, our reports show. The current five-year plan calls for 4500 more miles of line half of that in the Urals. Some new lines have been built and the Trans-Siberian Rallroad—connecting "European and Asiatic
SIDE GLANCES
He
Russian. locomotives. are. far. less. powerful...
tO Sy " [6 an
~ELrAnT,
By Jim G. Lucas
Russia—has been double-tracked. The Soviets
“have electrified a number of lines, especidlly around-Moseow;-and-say-they-will-electrify- 600-
miles a year for 20 years, . In-the air, Russia is better off. The Soviet ministry of civil aviation has 32,000 planes. The Soviet military has another 7000. Pooled, they can carry 100,000 paratroopers on one operation. However, Russia has only 400 B-29 type bombers. They could reach the United States on suicide raids, but could not return. And Russia does not have enough for sustained operations.
Auto Production Behind IN 1949, Russia produced 250,000 trucks and passenger cars, During the same period, the United States produced 6,000,000. Russia has only 1.3 million motor vehicles in operation. Their average life is less than that of Americanmade cars. A complete overhaul is.necessary after 10,000 miles, our reports indicate. Thirty
. per cent usually are laid up for repairs. The de-
mand for spare parts has never been satisfied in Russia. Moreover, inferior gasoline—their best is our- grade C—contributes to a motor vehicle's short life. Only eight per cent of Russia's highways are paved. There is a shortage of road building and maintenance machinery. Before the embargo, 38 per cent of Russia's purchases in this country represented road machinery. The Soviet Union has 480,000 miles of roads, against 3,000,000 in this country. In 1948, only one per cent of Russia’'s total freight moved by trucks.
Sea Transport Weakness RUSSIA has many large rivers—63.000 miles of navigable streams which have always carried a great portion of her transport. During the
Militarily, they are even more important. For instance, the Baltic-White Sea canal enables the White Sea fleet to move intp the Baltic and vice versa, without moving into open seas. The Marinsk-canal system connects the Baltic with the Olga. Sea transport is another Soviet weakness During the war, her four largest shipyards were destroyed. It will be several years before they operate again. Russia lost 1400 seagoing vessels and 4280 river craft. . Today, she has only 700 ships of all types Many were obtained from this country under lend-lease and the State Department has been demanding their return for several years.
winter... when. frozen..they. are used. as. roads
Ly rR
name scr tr. |
odd oth do yr gt ot B
‘We Must Vote to Stay Free’ P By Roscoe Turner, President: Roscoe Tunes
privilege. .' The
spreading all over the landscape which adds to the original cost many times. In any other country better than 90 per cent go to the polls. In this country we seldom get out 50 per cent. This is why the time is short, If we expect to get taxes down, keep communismeasad socialism from taking over, everv person that has a right to vote better make it his business to find out what is going on and then go to the Lele and declare himself, or we will cease to be five years.
If I were a younger man I would get out
and run for office myself just so I could let people know what is going on.
‘Flying Saucers Exist’ By Jerry N. Williamson, 4620 Haverford Ave.
The controversy over the flying saucers,
called such for lack of a more precise term, is certainly a fascinating one. Really, we feel that no one is prepared to form an opinion regarding the saucers until he or she has read all the aricles on them. I have read them and have formed these opinions: Flying saucers do exist. This fact should be obvious even to the most skeptical individuals,
a free people within the next
-
Too many reliable; intelligent people have seen
them to doubt their existence. Some of our
best pilots have chased them and have been.
left, dazed, far behind.
Flying saucers are not our. planes.. and by.
“our” I refer to, the people of earth. Humans
such as we know them cannot live in planes.
traveling at such a speed. Too, the European scientists could not be that sigerior to our own scientists, and we are far from ignorant when it comes to speed. Flying saucers are not meteors, clouds, bikds, and other “normal” things. Meteors are seldom seen for long, while a saucer was once caught
.in the glare of a searchlight and observed for
over two hours before soaring out of sight. Nothing else I know of flies at such an astonishing speed. Flying saucers are something beyond our present conception. It is difficult to. picture interplanetary travel, but what else remains? Mars became capable of supporting human life,
in some form, thousands of years before .the ’
; earth did, and if any human life does exist on
the red planet it would be, in nearly every way, far ahead of earth's people. Flying saucers, if they do come from another planet, are not necessarily hostile. There is no reason to assume they are. I would be very interested in hearing more logical arguments on this subject.
What Others Say
IT is unusual to witness a great country such as ours rushing hell-bent toward these ravishing figures to unemployment, of depressed standards of living for the working people, and see these unprecedented profits on the other hand. —CI10 President Philip Murray.
to build and then use the original A-bomb had been made by a few persons in high positions and shrouded in secrecy. The nation as a whole is carrying the burden of responsibility for these steps.—Dr. Eugene Rabinowitch, University of Illinois physical chemist. WHAT we need, what thé world needs, is a 20-year program to win peace through the United Nations.—United Nations Secretary General Trygvie Lie. THE greatest asset the Kremlin has is the partisan attempt in the Senate to sabotage ~the
IT-WAS bad-enough-that-the -decisoins-firat
bi-partisan foreign policy of the United States,
—President Truman.
By Galbraith LIVING PROBLEM . . . By Bruce Biossat
FEA
Big City Menace
1g Li) Apr. 12—American cities have been decentralizing for two or three decades, but the.fanning out has been pretty haphagard. It isn't that they have no plans. that the ones they have are apparently too mid a remedy for the ills now besetting the big urban centers. One. primary. trouble is. _ the country's largest communi-
It's simply
political lone wolf all his life
and a tough little mountainer
who, is as spry as a man of 50. He was premier of France in 1940, after 12 years in the assembly and cabinet - =» n-
HF was a pre-war supporter of financial union with Great Britain He (ten. Charles de Gaulle's idea on mechanization of the French army. But he surrounded himself with men who turned against him, and when France fell, M. Reynaud fe]l with her. He spent the five war years in a German prison: Though he was 68 years old when liberated, he immediately began a political comeback. He has made “United Europe” his principal political capital, though his following is still unimportant. ’ He speaks today of “My country, France, and my larger country, Europe.” Two years ago at a meetihg of the Consultive Assembly, M. Reynaud proposed that the members of
this body be elected by vote of
the people who should vote as Europeans, not as Frenchmen,
Englishmen or Italians. ao s =» =
M. REYNAUD got only six votes for his proposal. “You are years ahead of ‘your time." his colleagues told him. He replied that the democracies are always two years behind the totalitarian powers, and he would like to have them start getting ahead. He sees faint hope in the fact i is now functioding
supported young
‘ates, ‘promofing interest” m™ European Union M. Reynaud is an amazing character, He is 72 years old, a
a Council of Europe. It has two bodies—a council of some 20 ministers and the larger Consultive Assembly. The trouble is the Consultive Assembly can't talk about anything unless the subject is approved by the Council of Ministers,
The assembly can't talk
about defense of Europe, for -
instance. M. Reynaud wants a “European army’ and a Eu-
~ropean- general staff He wants German troops in that army-—’ not as German units but as,
Europeans. - = - TODAY M. Reynaud puts defense high on the ist Eu rope's. problems. On one Bide of Furope is Russia with 175 divisions. White he puts one Allied division as equal in strength’ and firepower to two or three Russian divisions, the balance is still heavily with
Russia. A balance of power is -
maintained on the other side
© of Eurgpe only by American
possession of the atomic bomb in a cold war, Russia and its satellites have a population of 300 million, The United States has a population of 150 million with the pur-
- chasing power of 4350 million.
In Western Europe there is no
country with a population of
over 40 million. - LJ ~
~ COUNTRIES of that size are
too small to compete, says M. Reynaud, But a united Western
Europe would have a popula-
tion of 250 million and would be a force in the.world. That is the primary argument for European union. But there are those who fear to disturb the status quo, says M. Reynaud. They fear that a
jf
cor. vem av wEA SERVICE, Be. T. M. REC. & Sav aew "I've. gat down tools; seed, time and labor! When | add liniment and salve for blisters, we'll save money by buying our ‘vegetables at the grocery!”.
union of Europe will mean lowering of trade barriers and
. resulting unemployment. They
overlook the fact that Europe has high employment now only because of the Marshall Plan: He gives that plan full credit. When it is over, however, then Europe will face the threat of reall unemployment if it does not have union. The status quo
_ wiil not last.
. » ‘w ONE of the main troubles in
_ Europe, M. Reynaud believes,
is that Europe does not have engugh machine tools for mass
-to Europe.’
production. They cannot be made profitably’ for small countries, for their own use alone. Here the French political leader comes up with his new idea for continued American aid to Europe. He points to a - surplus of machine tools in the United States. He does not ask that this surplus be given He ‘does suggest that there be Americaniguar-
makers who will sell to the private industry manufacturers-
_of Europe.
-antees to private machine tool -
ties still draw far too many people into their downtown areas and esfablished industrial sectors. = o » WITH the rise in populatidn and the gain in motor traffic, this continued - centering of activity in the well-developed heart of the city is imposing a smothering human load on
con-gtreets- sidewalks; Panspori@m..
tion ~ facilities, terminals, of-
fice buildings and other focal
points of downtown life. As has been pointed out by many urban. experts, most measures designed to relieve this human congestion only make it worse. Anything that makes it easier to get out of the city's center also makes it easier to get in. ~ ” ”
THE only real cure is {fo develop competing magnets of attraction well removed from the .clotted downtown section. But these probably ought to be planned on a much more drastic scale than most cities are contemplating seriously today. Nearly all the biggest cities have long had subcentérs of business and industrial activi-’ ty. In recent years suburban areas have developed beyond mere dormitories into more balanced communities, with shops, theaters, and similar facilities on a more ambitious footing than formerly. ” rv ”
YET féw of these are powerful enough attractions to hold residents of the area out of the city's heart the way they should. Too many people .still make the long. wearing trip to town for work or pleasure,
If this congestion is not to choke our cities to death, they must set about developing satellite areas—perhaps separated from built-up sectors by belts of green country—that are in most ways self-suffi. cient. ” ~ . THIS. means more factories in the outlying regions, with
commuting hours are a colossal waste, It means shops and recreational facilities truly rivals ling those downtown. For example, road companies of stage dramas might make the rounds of satellité. centers before embarking on cross-country tours, A famous and successful city planner once scoffed at men who. urged drastic revamping of our cities, He considered such men starry-eyed and told them his city was “too tough for 'em.” . It looks now like the shoe is on the othar foot. His city, and every other large metropolis, is becoming too tough for the planners with limited vision. These centers aren't yielding to the modest plans now being
executed. They're getting.
worse. 5 8 =»
THERE'S urgency in this problem. More is at stake than mere human discomfort, economic waste, peace of mind. Our lives are involved. The atom bomb has outmoded these huge urban clusters of people and buildings and transporta-
_ tion facilities. Civilian defense
specialists are calling for sweeping decentralization of industry and business in the sim«
ple interest of self-preservation,
that. with all their spreading. growth... f=
.. workers’ homes. close by. Long —-
“4
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