Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 April 1950 — Page 20
ia SCRIPFS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPER. — WALTER LECKRONE HENRY Ww MANS
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Let Germany In I icLUSION of Western Germany in the Council of Euo. S=erope, which is now strongly advocated by Secretary of State Dean Agheson' and High Commissioner John J. MecCloy, would be a step toward peace. “The fact is,” said Mr. McCloy in a major policy speech. in London, “we cannot solve the German problem without fitting it into the larger context of a united Europe.” Mr. Acheson has echoed that thought and at forthcoming talks in London and Paris he will try to reconcile points in conflict with present British and French policies. The Council of Europe, set up last year at Strasbourg as an advisory body on the attainment of a future federation of European states, offers a good proving ground for the professed good intentions of Western Germany to join whole heartedly in the family of nations.
. ” » » . » _ ITS PRESENT membership takes in most of the Western European states, Though delegates are not chosen by the people, they have been elected by various parliaments and include such men as“Winston Churchill, Robert Schuman and others who have long been interested in a United States of Europe. The council has passed beyond the experimental stage and already in its short life has revealed its possibilities as a basic organization for promoting political and economic unity,
off the back of the American taxpayer she must—with proper safeguards against her rearming—be admitted to partnership in an European union—and we believe this is where the start should be made.
Angus Ward Earned It
: WE RE surprised to learn that Angus Ward wasn't already a Class I foreign service officer, but we are pleased to read that President Truman his given this able diplomat that rank and a raise in salary. And if he were made ambassador to China, we'd be even more gratified. Certainly Mr. Ward earned promotion the hard way. Detained by the Chinese Communists more than a year, the last several weeks in a cold Mukden jail on a diet of bread and water, Mr. Ward upheld our country’s honor with the dignity and firmness which Americans would like to expect of a men Who are sent to FepYgeent us Joroad,
MR. WARD would never have had to nad that hardship except for the spineless appeasement of his “superiors” on the Far Eastern desk at the State Department. And his sacrifice would not have been in vain had those same “superiors” been intelligent and honest and humble enough to admit their errors and change their policies. "We cannot help but wonder what might be the results, if Mr. Truman, without any higher-echelon intermediaries sitting in, should haye a man-to-man talk with Angus Ward and learn the latter's private opinion of what changes should be made in America’s diplomacy in Asia. Mr. Truman has been extremely unfortunate in that, from the day he entered the White House, all the advice he has received on what to do about China has come from men with a vested interest in error. With the conseguence that’ America's prestige in Asia is at the lowest point in history.
For Progress in Mental Health HE newly formed Indiana Mental Hygiene Society has undertaken a worthwhile program in sponsoring an educational campaign to combat mental illness and improve the state's facilities for treatment of victims. During April, the society will conduct a campaign. to. increase its membership in order that chapters can be established in every Indiana community. This activity will be climaxed during the week of Apr. 23 when National Mental Health Week will be observed. . The society stresses the importance of more education in readjustment of mental ills. Statistics show that more than half of all hospital beds in Indiana are occupied by mental patients, many of whom could have been rehabilitated by early diagnosis and treatment. The program deserves the support of all citizens interested i in the welfare of their communities.
The City’s Pause for Prayer MANY thousands of Indianapolis residents took time out from their work today for an hour of worship and prayer in observance. of Good Friday in the churehes and theaters. Holy Week” services will be climaxed Sunday with Easter ceremonies commemorating the Feast of the Resurrection. Many thousands will erowd into Monument Circle
at 6:30 a. m. In these mass ceremonies of solemn worship, Indianapolis expresses renewed faith in the spiritual values of better living ‘and the brotherhood of man that forms the basis of all effort in civilized progress.
For a Real. Probe EN. LODGE (R. Mass.) has made an eminently sensible suggestion which ought to clear the air in the currently mishandled investigation of fellow travelers in the State Department. He proposed that the inquiry be taken out of the . hands of the Senate subcommittee, of which he is a member, and be turned over to a competent bipartisan commission of 12 members. Then it would start anew, and in secret. There can be no doubt. that the present inquiry is damaging the’ conduct of our foreign policy and lowering American prestige abroad. Its effectiveness is damaged too, by the fact that so far no proofs-have been forthcoming. We believe that a commission of 12 men of unquestioned probity and patriotism would restore confidence in the primary objective which is to ferret out the disloyal and subversives in government service. = . We hope Congress will give Sen. Lodge s proposal pompt and serious consideration.
a
If Germany as an océupied nation is ever to be taken.
On Big Issues
_Capehart and Jonas ‘ pLicses Logie
A ane em.
‘highly controversial legislative matters and the « :
explanation does not seem to lie in the fact that only one is up for re-election this year. For instance, senior Sen. Homer E. Capehart, who is seeking another six-year term, both voted and spoke for the Kerr no-control natural gas bill. But his junior colleague, Sen. William E. Jenner, voted against it and only for an amendment which would give the Federal Power Commissioner control over the price of gas at the wells if it enters interstate pipelines. That amendment lost. - The Jenner stand was labeled “pro-consum-er,” while that of Sen. Capehart was castigated by columnists and radio commentators as being
for the big gas producers among which are the
major oil companies, . From the viewpoint of the Indiana consumervoters it would appear that the Senator up for
election this year would be voting for them, in- . o
“stead of the reverse.”
Bill Sidetracked ALTHOUGH Sen. Jenner spent more time than any other Senator at hearings on the new Displaced Persons bill and took a whole afternoon to explain his findings in favor of the MecCarran committee bill, it was sidetracked and the more liberal Ferguson-Kilgore measure substituted. The vote was 58 to 15. Sen. Capehart was on the majority side, while Sen. Jenner still stuck to his guns and voted against the substitute. He contended that the McCarran bill which he supported would tighten up DP control and provide for better screening of those entering the U.S. After he voted against the Jenner stand, Sen. Capehart explained that he felt the substitute measure had been amended sufficiently to provide for security and would admit better people than some who have gained entry under the old law, In force for two years, the old DP law committed us to continuing DP admissions and we could not let othef countries down who had made similar commitments, Sen, Capehart ex‘plained. He did) say: that he thbught the ned quota of 400,000 admissions per year was about 100,000 too many. Nothing can be done about that as the House already had vated. for the same number.
“Foo of Bipartisan Policy IN the field of foreign relations Sen. Jenner is the implacable foe of bipartisan policy. He
~calis-it a world failure ant wants “the GOP-to
propose junking it lock-stock-and-barrel.. "Sen. Capehart is more cautious on this score, In a recent Senate speech he said he had supported the bipartisan policy 100 per cent. He did vote for the policy but against the funds to carry it out, a thing which Sen. Jenner did not do. He was against it all the way. Both made an official exception of the Greek-Turkish loan. Rather than launch a frontal -attack on foreign policy as does his junior colleague, Sen. Capehart puts the matter in question form. Here are some samples from his recent Senate speech
on the subject:
“I-am wondering what the foreign policy of the United States is. I Rave been a Senator of the United States for approximately six years. I have tried to co-operate, and I think I have cod. My observation has been that every Sengtor has co-operated in foreign affairs , . . “Is it possible that the so-called bipartisan oreign policy is not working?”
Charges Policy Fraud
JENNER observes no such senatorial z - niceties. He rises in the Senate every few weeky'
to shout that the whole bipartisan foreign policy
— 18a fatlure; fraud and swindle. He shoots for
and gets big page one plays in the archisolationist Chicago Tribune. His latest target is the dismantling of Gers man industrial plants, which, he ‘says, must cease if we are to save Western Europe from communism. This week he demanded that the secret testimony of U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, John McCloy, on this subject be made public. Expressing this demand in a Senate speech, Sen. Jenner assailed Secretary of State Acheson in unmeasured terms. At that point the two Senators from Indiana join forces again. For Sen. C apehart pioneered in asking President Truman to fire Mr, Acheson after the Secretary made his “I will not turn my back on Alger Hiss” statement. The senior Senator wanted Associate Justice Felix Frankfurter removed from the Supreme Court also. Sen. Jenner would likely second that motion:
TAX SYSTEM . . . By Charles Lucey
New Hope for France |||
PARIS, Apr. T—The French tax system is something to drive Treasury Secretary John W. Snyder mad and the American taxpayer— forking over Marshall Plan dough—madder. But it is get--ting an overhauling and there is hope for improvement. _ As in many European countries, taxes here long have been on a catch-as-catch-can basis. He was a dull fellow who didn’t have
the system by which
a dodge to outwit the authorities. The result has been that
U. S. IMPORTS
By Earl Richert
Foreign" Trade Problems Rising
WASHINGTON, Apr. 7--Within the next few days, retiring Army Secretary Gordon Grav will roll up his sleeves and plunge into one of the toughest problems in all government: . How to keep foreign countries in dollars, and thus buying from us, after the Marshall Plan ends, EA And within a “month, on May "2, a House labor subcommittee will start hearings on how, Imports from foreign countries are affecting employment in allegedly damaged U. 8. industries. These two developments symbolize the con-
flict that is mounting over the Eovernments
foreign trade policy. The Truman administration and “many big business groups, including the National Associa-. tion of Manufacturers, take the position that we must buy much more foreign goods if we're to continue selling abroad when. the Marshall Plan program ends. | And more and more small industries are complaining to Congress about ° being damaged by imports now.
New Organization
SEVERAL of the affected industries have formed a new organization called the National Labor-Management Council on Foreign Policy. It includes representatives of a number of labor unions affiliated with the American Federation of La ‘bein, who also is executive secretary of the
American Wage Earners’ Protective Conference,
bor. Chairman is O. R. Strack- -
the dollars to buy our exports—would be to ruin "the small industries so that the big ones, such _
as automobiles, steel and electrical could continue to sell abroad. Aid Program
HE SAID that if this country feels it neces-
goods,
“sary to’ maintain the present High rate of ex:
ports the fairest way to’ do it was through an aid program such as we have now. . \ “That distributes the burdenfevenly over the whole country since we pay for it through taxes,” he said. Mr. Hoffman has predicted that United States imports from Europe will rise sharply within the next three years. He said he was confident, though, that they would not place a burden on United States industry and would be “insignificant” alongside the over-all industrial output of the country. Since both the State Department and Mr, Hoffman's agency are working on the problem of increasing imports from abroad, many Capitol observers wonder why it was necessary ‘for President Truman to pick Mr. Gray to formulate a plan, Critics say that it was because Mr.. Gray was leaving to become president of North Carolina University and thus was “expendable.” They say that any many who cooks up a scheme to increase imports enough to close the dollar gap in RC peign trade will become “too hot” to have attached to the administration in other than an rt capacity.
, actually more people unemployed in 1938 than
when F.D.R. came into office. F.D.R also wanted to perpetuate. himself in
“office and he took the same road that all dicta-
tors in history have followed. The country was split wide open and after promising the mothers of America that he wouldn't send their sons to fight on foreign soil, he proceeded to unite the country behind him against a common enemy and take us into war and ‘give us a
phony prosperity,
‘Regulating Our Lives’ By A. J. Schneider, 504 W. Dr., Woodruff Place Walter Leckrone's article: “Watch Out for the Federal Man” is an awesome picture indeed, Who would ever have dreamed that a day would come when we would actually fear our government? Who would ever have dreamed that we could be so involved in state regulae tion that no matter what you do it is a viola= tion of some silly regulation. But that is the aim of those who want to destroy us, who want to control our every act from cradle to grave— evén the air we breathe, But remember, that is-only a small beginning. Just wait until the socialistic Roman hols day in free medicine gets underway. There. will be regulations stating that you don't: cold. And if you should accidentally violate that regulation, there will be regulations stating just how. you have to go about catching one, on what day you can catch it, how many weeks you will have to wait for.an appointment with the doctor, and then it will be a violation if the sun or just natural conditions clear up the cone dition.
This may sound facetious now but come ‘pared ‘with the start in the wage-hour bureai-
cracy, and the Internal Revenue office already invading. your homé or place of business and confiscating your earnings, what do we have to look forward to?
‘Two Kinds of Propaganda’ By Ruby Karner, 1632 E. 10th St. ~ Propaganda is being carried on by néarly all political, religious, progressive and reactionary groups. There are two kinds of propaganda, good and bad. Their objective is to condition the minds of people to make them receptive to the ideas, ideals and ethics of the propagator. The free enterprise system is one of the most propagated. Does it provide us with steady em ployment and satisfy all our needs, desires and social security in old. age? Does this free enterprise that is so widely dise seminated merely mean it is free from govern= ment control and does it believe in the freedom of individual enterprise, freedom of initiative and freedom to rise in this world?
What Others Say—
Mr. Strackbein and a delegation of business-
men and labor union leaders will call on, Marshall Plan Administrator Paul Hoffman within the next week to lay their case before him. They will argue that Mr. Hoffman is wrong when he says imports from abroad are having very little ’ effect on domestic business. Among industries already claiming damage from foreign imports are: Hats and millinery, gloves, pottery, glassware, fish, Wést Coast lumber, flower bulbs, rubber footwear, slippers, playshoes, matches, watches, oil, alloy steel, wallpaper, buttons, costume jewflry. Mr. Strackbein says that the old cartoonist’s picture of the “high tariff man” being a corpulent fellow with a big gold chain across his vest is'completely wrong today. “The people now asking for tariff protection are the little industries, not the big trusts,” he said. “We don't have a single large industry in our organization.” He said that the results of. increasing im-
"ports —- so that foreign countries would have
SIDE GLANCES
large
NEUTRAL observers say that if Mr. Gray can come up with an answer before he takes over his university presidency in September he will be a miracle man.
Mr. Gray has not left his Army job yet and
thus has not announced plans. But it is presumed he will devote himself primarily to a job of education—trying to sell American businessmen and consumers on the idea that it is patriotic to import foreign-made goods. Also, he undoubtedly will stress the aid given to foreign countries by tourist travel abroad and by increased use of foreign shipping. A non-partisan committee of prominent citi-, zens probably will be set up to give force to such recommendations. Some State Department officials think that, such a committee may even recommend abolition of all tariffs. Many would like for an
..ontside group to.get the ball Tolling. in. this di- -
rection.
By Galbraith Farm
> — > ~—
a S
on mutual trust,
WASHINGTON, to go into eourt here soon to find out how far a farm co-opera= tive can go in eliminating cutters before it violates the Sherman Antitrust Act. —Chief-defendant in the suit ts the Maryland: -Virginia Milk Producers Association, a farm co-op Which is accused of holding up-Washington consumers for
A FUNDAMENTALLY healthy country can stand political struggle. A country whose king is contested by 43 per cent of the voters is no longer a healthy country.—Former Premier Paul Henri Spaak of Belgium,
IN the last analysis, every kind of peaceful co-operation among men is primarily based ._This holds for nations as well as individuals. And the basis for trust is loyal give and take.—Dr, Albert Einstein.
THE Chinese. (Communist) military leaders know we can help them much more than the Russians can. And the leaders know, too, that they need us more than we do them.— Rear Adm. Ellis M. Zacharias, retired deputy chief of Naval Intelligence. .
IT IS just as important that we keep sup financial house in order as any other line of national defense and unless we do so, we ars
‘not-going- tobe -able-te-have anv national des
fense.—Rep. John Tabor (R.) of New York.
PRICE CONTROL . . . By James Daniel
Co-op Limits?
Apr. 7--The. Justice Department is planning
competition and punishing price
with its
~for-the-28th-annual-Faster Sunrise: Carol Services; A erent IC 1 Dri cng. 1
The :
France has raised only 18 per cent “of its national taxes through levies on income. The rest has come from an avalanche of indirect taxation which actually has meant a really heavy national tax burden. But the little guy has been carrying more than his share of the load. . s = =
SO NOW, prodded bv the Lo 8s they're tightening the~
"ing, tortuous process, tightening is made difficult by politics because it must affect chiefly the middle and upper: middle classes -- - well-to-do farmers; small people ‘employing perhaps a half-dozen workers. This i= the solid group on which anv French governing party must depend for support and nobody wants to get tough with it Trying to halt tax fraud and evasion, the French Parliament last year passed a series of tax reforms. The new law overhauled the whole tax structure, aimed at more uniform income tax rates among different classes of taxpayers and
washed out a lot of minor low-"
yield taxes to release tax officlals and employees to do a better job on really important taxes. 4 > = =» THEN Parllament turned around and, making a neat bow to the political power of the French farmer, passed a law saying only -20 billion francs could be collected Than farmers. This despite the that the rates might have p duced many times this amount. Also, the tax administration hasn't been able to get rid of
AUpRosed.
shopkeepers,
French farmers’ organizations dicker with the government as to the amount of taxes farm-
ers in various sections of the
country are to pay. It isn't a matter of levying on earnings but a matter of a dicker. » ~ ”
THE same kind of dickering goes on in extracting taxes from. small shopkeepers and businessmen. By law ‘they're
their - business, but somehow a lot of Frenchmen don't quite hii) it. So tax authorities, unable to be sure of what Jacques Q. Businessman has earned decide to assess a tax on the basis of his scale of living. Has Jaques one car or two? Can his wife afford a maid” Can he manage a little place in the country, too? Or is he trying to disguise his good position by" keeping not up. but down, with the Joneses? Of such things are French tax collectors’ headaches made. ® - »
IF the tax collector cracks
down too hard, there is the possibility that a member of Parliament will come to the
- rescue and move to defend the
individual claiming to be assessed un One factor which makes tax collecting a frustrating form
of exercise her¢ is that most \
dealings are in cash. It isn't as it is in the U. 8. where many people have cliecking accounts. Your businessman or dentist or doctor here often asks for cash. It involves no records to be shown to tax men, Despite all this fraud and evasion, the French tax people are making headway toward more efficient collection. It has
10: KOOP BOOKS OR cvs Fei
i COPR. C000 NY NEA QERVIOL. MME T. ML. EO. U. § PAT OFF
"But, mom, | eat very little when ‘George takes me out—I wouldn't want him to think he'd be marrying a glutton!"
been estimated—and plainly this cannot - be much better than a guess—that 400 billion francs are lost annually
through evasion. In U. 8. cash -
this means about $1,140,000.000. The thinking is that this year the tax authorities will bring in one-fifth of this, and
the hope is that they'll step
this up in succeeding years. ~ ” - OCCASIONALLY Frenchmen are tossed in jail for tax evasion. It is a custom expected to have a good effect in making others come in and pay up—or come. &loser to it.
It isn't the income tax rates that are weak here, but tax enforcement. In" many brackets French rates are higher than those of the U.S,
i OVER-ALL, it is estimated
9 that 30 per cent of the nation-
al income in France goes into taxes—weli over the figures n
“the U.S. But the Frenchman
has been paying much of this,
load indirectly in -high- prices ~
of goods he buys, and the hope now is to correct this and make the burden more equi table. A start is being made,
‘sterilizing milk cans.
use Having excluded milk from
several million dollars a year.
by conspiring to keep milk prices unnecessarily high. A—verdict against the co-op
‘could set off similar suits in
other cities. ” ~ s THE Washington case also names as defendants B. B. Derrick, secretary of the coop, and seven” dairies charged with partici.
pating with the co-op in a plan.
to destroy dairy farmers and distributors who did not play ball with the combination. The Justice’ Department is trying to prove that the dairy co-op got the seven dairies to agree by contract not to b milk from farmers who w not members of the co-op. Armed with these contracts,
“the co-opis said to have pre- ~ vailed -upon the District of
Columbia Health Department to draw up “health regulations” which would have the effect of excluding dairy farmers outside of the immediate Washington area from selling their milk in the capital. 2 FF = FOR instance, the Baltimore Health Department requires that farmers supplying that ¢ity must ‘use chlorine for Steam may not be used. The Wash-
ington code requirés farmers,
serving this city to own an expensive steam boiler for sterilizing cans, whether they team or chlorine.
outside the immediate Washington area, the
charged with taking action
- use in
“commercial
co-op is:
participating dairies to force competing independent dairies and farmers either to go out of business or join the combination. 2 5 n FOR instance, Department says the co-op arranged to sell its participating dairies cheap milk for them to underbidding the indépendents on contracts to
schools and prisons with milk, The combination also fixed rigid retail prices for milk sold to homes and stores, the Justice Department charges. Through its Virginia cone nections, the ‘co-op is said to have persuaded the Virghia state government to set minimum retail prices for the por. tion of the metropolitan Washington which lies south of the Potomac River. ~ = ” THESE minimum prices then were applied by the co-op and its: participating dairies to the District of. Columbia and the part of metropolitan Washing ton which lies in Maryland. The present case has been in court before. In April, 1948, an attorney for the co-op argued
. that the “very purpose” of any
farm co-operative is to elimi nate competition. He sald the Capper-Volstead Act gave coops immunity. from antitrust Prosecution. . ” A DISTRICT judge agreed with him, but was overruled bv the Circuit Court. The coop
then tried to get the Suprema This - was denied, and the suit has -
Court to take the case.
been remanded to District Court here for trial.
the Justice
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