Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 February 1950 — Page 10
The Indianapolis Times
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A Real United Nations IN ANSWER to a frequently asked question: “What's ~ wrong with the United Nations and what can we do about it?” Sens. Paul H. Douglas of Illinois and Elbert D.
“United Nations charter. In our opinion, they strike at the heart of the pple. ~ One would break the stilemate caused by Russia's misuse of the veto power, It would let the United Nations
Assembly, including the acquiesence of three of the Big Five powers. . The other would give the United Nations an
"action hy a similar vote.
r 1” SU CESS of the ‘present Communist drive in Asia fan that the weight of the world's population soon e against us, as Sen. Douglas has noted. Yet our only er to this challenge has been a series of expedients ich have scarcely moderated the threat. If the United Nations is to fulfill the high hopes of the peace-loving nations, it must be released from the straitjacket in which it has been kept by the Soviet veto. The Douglas-Thomas amendments would do this. But since these amendments themselves would be subject to this same Soviet veto, the basic :question still is what to do about Russia. Should the United Nations continue as the impotent organization is has become, with Russia as a member, and only a vague hope that the Soviets may come to see the error of their ways?
OR SHOULD it break its shackles and attack this issue
will will an
is to be a concerted effort to avert war, we believe the second-named course must be adopted. The present drift is toward war, and if the United Nations does not face up to it, it will be destroyed in any event. The Russians are fomenting civil strife in Korea, Burma and Indo-China. And the United Nations lacks the ma-
are using to such advantage. A single nation, such as the United States, cannot. intervene with force in a domestic conflict.
~BUT given: an internation} police force, and “backed oy world opinion, the United Nations can do so. Even a gov-
meeting that force with force; for it would mean declaring war on the rest of the world. _ ~The best hope for peace is in the United Nations, pro- = "vided it is made the effective organization it was designed’
way toward that goal, (
‘Emergency’ on Cg
he has found himself pushed to that extremity. At his press conference, Mr. Truman said that if an emergency arose he would use the statute—which he dislikes so heartily; and has promised union leaders he would. wipe from: the books,
; g ney. which Director James Boyd of the Federal Bureau _ of Mines proclaimed eight days ago. Nor did he take note
of the fact that the crippling strike had entered its eighth month with Soa] ‘stocks at a record low.
to happen fast: the Northern-Western operators, in which Mr. Truman had
started. They accomplished nothing. TWO: Mr. Lewis accused the operators of bad-faith
iment “now. will move in,”
-_man they would agree to a 70-day resumption of coal production and accept a presidentially appointed: fact-finding board which would make settlement recommendations.
— man-setfor the agreement today, Mr. Lewis rejected the
wish a fact-finding board to fix Heir wages and. decree their working conditions.”
to protect the American people.
An Unworthy Snub "THE Boston City Council, in a childish display of what might be taken for patriotism, barred from one of its meetings a visiting delegation of Japanese Parliament members.
-at work: The motion to rebuff: the visitors was induced by : a counciloriwho_ described himself as a disabled veteran - of World War 1, with a son who served in World War II
and caught malaria in Germany. nn [ a J » » nr
wartime hatreds and prejudices, but we should think the reassurances of Gen. MacArthur would be acceptable in the case of these visitors. hating the Japanese in his time as any of the Ytra patriots of Boston.
_in Japan modeled on our own, the Japanese law-makers . not only should be permitted but encouraged to see our » democracy at first hand. We wish some other countries would be as eager to learn.
Whard He Say? ; EN. BRIEN SATA A has urged that the United States’ + spend $50 billion to promote world prosperity in return = for the outlawing of the hydrogen and atomic bombs. "That's like a guy with a gun’ meeting a guy without ‘a ; gun and saying: “Tn I give you $5 if you let me throw my gun” . & 5
. PAGE 10 _ Saturday, Feb. 4, 1050 A
Thomas of Utah have proposed two amendments to the
act against aggression on a two-thirds vote of the General
“ 4 hich coul t in : “on call” land, nir and sea force w ould be sent into A Te he oalq like 30 LE
with the present system would °
of peace or war boldly, with or withoyt Russia? If there.
chinery to deal with the fifth-column technique the Soviets
srnment as reckless as Russia's would long hesitate before
to be. The Douglas-Thomas amendments ‘would go a long
HOWEVER reluctant President Truman may be to in- : voke. the Taft-Hartley Act in the coal strike, we think
bviously, as he spoke, he did not recognize the emer-
BUT soon after his words were spoken, things began ONE: The negotiations between John L. Lewis and
set great store, broke up—less than a day after they bargaining and of wrecking the conference in the hope the THREE: The operators thereupon ST Tru—FOUR: Then; a few hours before the deadline Mr. Tru-
70d 0-day truce proposal, explaining that the workers “do not
ses «~It-looks-now-like -we-do-have.a- sablonal emergency .and- - that the President will have to invoke the Taft- Hurley 4 Act
WASHINGTON, Feb. 4—Rep, Walter H. Judd
(R. Minn.), has criticized Secretary of State
Dean Acheson as “a man who hasn't yet discovered that “Communist aggression is by infiltration.” = : Mr. Acheson, said Mr.. Judd, still thinks of: Communist aggression in terms of “crossing national boundaries with troops, as Hitler did.” Commenting on Scripps-Howard Reporter Clyde Farnsworth’s interview with Generalissimo Chiang Kal-shek, in which Chiang said the Chinese Reds already were putting pPassure on French Indo-China, Mr. Judd said the mbye was “an obvious one.” “That's the way Communist imperialist has to operate,” sald the former missionary in Chi
¥ .
MONEY . .. By James Daniel Bills for New Coins Debated
U. S. Mint Cool Toward. Proposals in Congress
WASHINGTON, Feb, 4—The mint is cool toward suggestions in Congress for the creation of new odd-denomination coins.
.
Assistant Mint Director Leland Howard said
he didn’t think the public would like some of
inconvenience banks, bus con4 ductors, ticket-sellers and other * folks who have to handle small ¢ change. Vending-machine operators
“coins, although many other groups sée advantages in a new coin between the nickel and the dime. Here's a tally on the pend ing bills for additional coinage: Sen, Warren G. Magnuson (D. Wash.) wants a three-cent and a seven-cent piece.
Sen.. Downey
Sen. Sheridan Downey-(D, Cal.), Rep. Clair
Engle (D. Cal.) and Rep. Cecil R. King (D. Cal.) have introduced identical bills for a 7-cent coin, Rep. Wright Patman (D. Tex.) wants a “half bit,” worth 64 cents, and a “bit” worth 1214 cents. Rep. John McCormick (D. Mass) wants a
‘ seven-cent piece.
Had Three-Cent Piece ONLY one of the coins proposed—the three-
cent piece-—has ever been part of U. B. coinage,
From 1850 to 1873, the Mint turned out a silver piece of this worth, and from 1865 to 1889 there was one of nickel. Mr. Howard, who will be asked for his opinion on the various bills, said he'd figured out the pros and cons this way: 3. Pro-—A new coin between a nickel and a dime, and a new coin between a penny and a nickel, would benefit vending-machine -opera-
~ tors who-because of the inflation find they can't
market their products at the old prices. Con—Any new coin would require additional compartments in cash registers and changemakers. In addition, a new coin ending in a half-cent would require bank. statements and accounting books to be printed with an extra column showing fractions of the dollar to the third decimal place. .
Coin Difficulties
NONE of the pending bills offers the Mint any tips as to the size.and color of the new coins
-desired. -Mr. Howard pointed out that a silver -
‘coin smaller than a dime would ‘be too small.
A Ti-cent piece of nickel might be confused
with a quarter on account of its size: And any new bronze coins, he said, would be apt to be on the order of cartwheels. . During the war the Mint obtained authority from Congress to make a three-cent piece. This was when copper was short and we minted those zing- coated steel pennies. “But,” said Mr.
Howard, “we didn't have the nerve to use the
authority, People don’t like meddlirig with their coins.”
_At the same. time, Mr. Howard conceded the
“penny had lost any function except paying sales
~taxes-He saw one lying -on his basement flgor
the other day and wouldn't stoop to pick it up.
. He said he felt guilty about it ever since.
SUNSET
The sun is setting now O’er the rim of the mighty hill Its last rays linger awhile By the shadows grey and’ still It touches the trickling stream With its last warm golden light Soon it will give its Fightful place To the moon in brilliance bright It takes on now a ghostly light As the sun sinks in the West Of all the beauty in the day ° "Tis the time that I like best
'TIS SAID
Fondness for worldly goods tops the faults
of Americans. Yes we all love our luxuries from
diamonds dows to hamburgers. "B.C. Indianapolis
NATIONAL DEFENSE . . . By Marquis Childs A
WASHINGTON; Feb. 4—1In the aftermath of President Truit is generally said that he had no TA other choice than to order production of the hydrogen bomb. : "Certainly, it is true that only a very few individuals have the knowledge and background to raise any question about the decision and how it was reached. These few individuals are bound
man’s momentous decision,
us. . POLICY INASIA .... By Andrew Tulley
Acheson Thinking on Reds’ Tactics Outmoded?
Farnsworth, that the Chinese Reds were sending
are behind the drive, for new :
Ea sree Patriots Keegan; Indlanapohis :
~ would fall apart if it didn’t continue to ex-’
A Tie
" m——
yi rg y = Lois Lr
arms, ammunition, guerriias and fifth-column
But, he added, “what can you do with peo- agents to ald the Indo-Chinese Communists. The ple like our Secretary of State who persist in spokesman said the French government had thinking of aggression in outmoded terms? Mr. Hoved troops “right up to the border,” and that
Acheson, playing with his legalistic terms, is at the mercy of smart, clever, ruthless men like the Chinese Red leaders.” Mr. Judd said Mr. Acheson “should have learned by now that the Reds don’t live by our rules. It's not surprising that the State Depart-
, ment has made such colossal mistakes when it
clings so stubbornly to an international etiquette which the Communists ‘long since have aban--doned.” A spokesman sald the State Department had
had. no, reports indicating, as Chiang told Mr.
"FREE DISCUSSION .
WASHINGTON, Feb, 4—President Truman's decision to keep the U. 8. Atomic Energy Com-
_ mission at work on development of a hydrogen
super-bomb, perhaps 100 or 1000 times more powerful than the original atomic bomb, pro-
vides American democracy with one of its greatest tests.
developed under somewhat dictatorial and decidely undemocratic processes. President Roosevelt made the decision on that one. It was in ‘wartime, when the President had extra
what the money was for. That is the way the Russian Soviet government will make the decision
Mr. Lilienthal
~ to try to build a hydrogen bomb. Premier Stalin
or the little handful of men in the Politburo will decide it in complete secrecy. »
H-Bomb Different
THE American position on the H- bomb today is entirely different. The country is now theoretically at peace. The normal processes of democratic government are supposed to be in effect. That means everything pretty much out , in the open for full and free public discussion. ‘Military security regulations will apply just as they do on details of A-bomb construction.
But Congress will have to authorize expenditures 7
after open debate. Appropriations will be made the same way.
e Li ‘A-bomb in complete secrecy, without even knowing
the Mountain and the’ Mole Hill
ION + « By Peter Edson TT * H-Bomb Seen Test of Democracy
The original A-bomb was
“it anything's going through there, it can’t be much.” Furthermore, he said, even if the Chinese Reds do carry on aggression among their neighbors, the primary responsibility for calling such < aggression to the attention of the United Nations would belong to the-eountry involved. * “We can’t assist any ‘nation until it indicites
It wants u# to apsist,” the spokesman said. But.
‘he added that if any country® appealed to.the United Nations for help, it would have the support of the United States.
€
to do to tax reductions, deficit financing, and expenditures, for other government activities? Those will be subject for full and free debate" Up until’ Président Truman made his brief announcement that the United States would carry on H-bomb research, there had been no clear statements from high government officials in the know on this preliminary planning. -
‘Not the Question’
. “TO build the bomb, or not to build the bomb, is not the question,” says AEC Chairman
David Lilienthal, paraphrasing Shakespeare. He
won't clarify this further. But he points out that in similar circumstances in the past, decisions ave had to be based on how the United States uld best employ its resources—its brains, man:
-pOWer -and- money. Putting -it-more simply; he
likens it to the decision which every man oust make over whether to get his teeth straightened or to buy that new car. Initial congressional reaction to this _question has been all in favor of buying the new car —the bomb—and never mind about the teeth straightening. All the congressional statements. about cutting down on government spending and the need for. balancing the budget are tossed right into the wastebasket when the H-bomb is being considered.
An administration which last year thought it
couldn't spend a couple of hundred million bucks for a super-aircraft carrier or a 70-group Air Force now finds itself in a position where it may have to spend a few billions to make a super-bomb before the Russians or anybody else can. “The any alienist. Politicians rant that the country. can’t afford to spend more money for “teeth.
14e nf agree with a werd thet you say but |
“tion ahd social security.’
_ way of life in exchange fof a
ness of the Roman stale wi “the increasing cost of government -and-the heavy burden of
“to “shear. the sheep.”
~ is grave danger that the combination of local
. and plane fares?
private enterprise.
fogy of HE WORE OBI baffle
wil defend to the dusth your right Yo say i
‘Danger of High Taxes’
"By ‘Gerald W. Landis, Linton, Ind.
- High taxes will lead to big government anq
loss of individual freedom. If the present trend
toward greater governmental authority apg higher taxes is continued the government wi become a machine of control and compulsion, managing our lives, our money, prices, farming, rents, production, transporta-
It we losesour American
system of big government the consequences will be comparable only to the fall of Rome.
The breakdown in Rome came from within. The chief weak-
taxation. . The Roman Empire violated ,the tax canons, such as equality in distribution, cer-tanty-fh amount, convenience in payment and economy in collection. By no means did joe They merely wana e. intend to ruin its peop! le. - Tliey me : came too heavy and tax officials employed Bh
Mr. Landis
the full amount. If a person lacked Litas to meet his quota, his relatives or even his friends were forced to make good the deficit, In times of poor harvests, farmers who could not pay their taxes fled, leaving their land to be tilled by some one else. It can happen here. Today, in America there
and central government agencies will develop into a load which will outgrow the taxpaying power of the people, especially if the taxes are assessed and: collected in defiance of sound principles of political economy. ’ . Congress ‘could stimulate business by re‘pealing the wartime excise taxes. Why should the American consumer be required to pay a war tax in peacetime on such articles as jewelry, leather goods, baby lotions, furs, telephone and telegraph bills, theater tickets, railroad, bus Every time the consumer buys he pays not ‘only every labor cost, every profit, but every hidden tax that has been levied against such items. These hidden taxes amountto about one-third of the selling price, -
_ American housewives
as purses, luggage and fur coats.- They would be surprised and resentful ‘if they knew-there was a $5 tax on a $15 ton of coal, a $700 tax on a $2100 automobile, a $75 tax on a $225 refrigerator, a 50 cént tax on a $1.50 pair of hose, an 8 cent tax on.a 21 cent. bottle of milk, a 5 cent tax on a loaf of bread, and a 20 cent tax on T0c worth of meat. Government subsidies and relief money is being distributed recklessly. Government regulation of industry. is multiplying and capitalism is being unfairly criticized. Propaganda agencies are at work trying to destroy confidence in The Amerfean system belongs to: you. You helped to make it; You are responsible for its success or failure. Every American should challenge the socialistic propagandists .and defend rig Preserve our Constitution: and Bilt of Rights.
! Tech High School Junior. sh day, or do you call it garbage
city should do its bu * comes to anything i : garbage collecting line,
of an underground muhjcipal garbage disposer is out ol , the question. but our city*do exn’t even have the proper equipment to permit uso wrap up our garbage for protection iin} germs and stench. Our city makes money off our garbage by \ y
Mr. Hales
making waste products from it. This is all well
and good; but T would say that the city's garbage and trash problem has a. social side as well as an economic and political side. “phe etty “and “every ‘Indianapolis taxpayer should face this “hallenge, then do Sometnind
i when they are added to the “selling price, such
means. to. force individual taxpayers to con- I
But of cou with any g field s0 soon he snarled f “Oh, we're we are, but Mr. Naseby out you're h: bosom?” * “Mind you! ing. or it's you'll be ge 2 r lad a n “And.” she ac pugnaciously bucko, I'd nc Mr. Naseby and he kno about your: down-castles taking in e that came © " moment sinc “Twas al Slattery ass ‘the little fre “Well, to t “truth, Slatte the same thi ‘Wheeler at a veyed him it you are ¢ “Arr,” Wh to the floor. straight Sow
“WHISHT
commander thinkable: “Look shai be coming di
I know responsibility a1 live lik parents. Ip My mother ¢ - does my was can sleep ‘un good night | all the comfo accounts in f
“A that kind of % mot, I'd like
And a $2 billion authorization is going “o stick out a lot bigger in a $13 billion military appropriation than it did in wartime, when appropria-
tions were running from $70 to $80 billion a -
year, Also, “what is this budget increase going
N
straightening” -—social security, schools, health insurance, good roads or public works. But to
build an instrument of destruction that will lay _ waste -to-an-area-of-50-or- -100- square miles poles
the Eon, s the limit,
SIDE GLANCES
. more than was
They had been sent to this SOunAry: to see. e. democracy , the brief statement released at
IT MAY BE difficult for some Americans to drop ‘their He's had as much reason ‘for
If a democratic government is to be firmly established
by the strictest regulations of secrecy. This would seem ‘to mean that we shall know nothing contained in
the White House,.Neverthelegs
thé question will remain in, the
public mind as to why" and-how and by whom this fateful ‘step was finally agreed upon,
» un . OPINIONS have come almost, exclusively from the politiclans whose knowigdge of the new bomb » at best rudimentary. The scientints who Know infinitely more as to what it is all about did not speak out
. publicly. All we have had is a
persistent and unconfirmed report that a majority of the scitists serving on the Atomic ey Commission’s General Advisory Committee are skeptical of one phase or another of
the project; and particularly. as - it touches every other phase of
the nation’s security.
In the light of this. report-
article by President James . Conant of Harvard Univerty in the current issue of For-
eigh Affairs takes on considerable importance. Dr, Conant is _ a member of the AEC commit-— tee. It is possible that his views
reflect opinion /0f the majority - wi RS report on the Hesomb,
Ei il hie tT
HE never discusses the issue of the bomb itself, His article is a serious and high-minded analysis of the relation between politics and science in this sci-
. entific era. -
But in this broad framework Dr. Conant, a distinguished
chemist, does make plain his .- :
conviction that government is today ill equipped -— scarcely equipped at all—to take major scientific - technical decisions, He goes further to say: « The existence of.a conflict of technical opinion .on many, many details in all man-
ner of new developments of importance to our security res
quires that we take a careful look at the procedures used in arriving at decisions. The President and Congress have
* ultimate authority, but neither
the Chief Executive nor congressional committees have the
time to settle the enormous ‘number of issues which must necessarily arise in any re- _ search, development: or. procurement program. The worst
way to make decisions is to resolve "conflict in favor’ of
those with the loudest voices. or the closest approach to pols. i
tical leaders . . > ” . -
AN effort is being Eade to:
recently: submitted -- fill the vacant position of chair"
man-of the and De:
about it. hi .— 8-8 : “What are your ideas on ways fo prove indianapolis in 1830? Send your suggestions tot 1950 Siitar,” The Times, 204 ‘W. Maryland St.
By Galbraith WAR STOERPIE- = Bruce Biossat _
$2 Billion Thefts [
WASHINGTON, Feb. 4-—The Army's Criminal Investigation Department reports that $2 billion worth of U, 8. goods stock- - -piled in the Philippines for the invasion of Japan were stolen Soop, aftér the war ended. Copies of these intelligence reports are in the hands of a i New York newspaper. Further Army inquiry is said to have been
“what I am 10
mr rem. po "We' re not ready to announce our engage
why, we've only got eriough saved for an electric dishwasher!”
velopment Board in “the De-
“partment of Defense. William
Webster of Boston, vice-presi-‘dent of - the New England
3 &
Wa Association, ang a1 one
time chairman of the Deferise =
‘Atomic
2 "dropped. But- the ‘Defense De- . partment is looking into the
case and the Senate Investigations Committee is conducting
‘a “preliminary check.”
” » . UNLESS the CID reports are grossly -exaggerated, this thievery was so bold and flagrant that investigation
‘should be pursued to the limit.
According to Army intelligence, the network of stealing and black market operations
. was broad and deep, It in-
: : ® 2 _& a Commission fs being asked to WHY ‘should Ih
cluded Army officers and enlisted men; a large number of Filipinos, including many whose contacts reached to the
top of the political ladder; -
Filipino law enforcement agen-
cles, especially the police in
Manila and provincial towns, and civillans of other, nationalitles.
Department's Military Liaison . 40d auxiliary pipelines disapCommittee with the
_ peared off the map.
;
ported to have taken place thousands of miles across the Pacific? Because these thefts are an affront to every honest citizen—who is of - necessity still paying in heavy taxes for ~the goods siphoned. into Philippine black markets. . 88 ARMY authorities say the involvement .of Filipino Jaw
If that is so, there would seem little reason to hand the
$55. million in lieu of
mw
Philippine government another = :