Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 December 1949 — Page 16

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Tuesday, Dec. 13, 1949 > indianapolis ue Br AT OM de and Audit "Witred of Ciroulatinus

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County, 5 eends a copy tor daily ~h 18 by cartier daily and Sunday, Je unday only. 16 Mall rates in inaiane “sunday i a year Jus iy 08 a veal day atper at i possessions. Canaan an ally hl a mont Bias 10e a copy

Telephone KI ley 5551 ** Give. LAght and the Peopia Will Fini thew vwn Way

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* Another Right Turn

AUSTRALIA voters, as New Zealand's did ‘two weeks ago, have deposed a socialistic Labor Party government. At this distance, any attempt at dogmatic interpretation of these right turns by Britain's “down under” do‘minions would be rash. It would be rasher to predict, on their basis, that Britain's own Labor Government faces a similar fate.

» 3

since 1945. The successful Socialist candidate for Parliament, however, went in by a sharply reduced majority. This justifies no great Labor confidence as to the com-Ytiomit-etertion on which thes returns from Australia doubtless will have influence. 3 . nn . rf ff IT 18 clear that in Australia after eight years of Socialist rule, and in New Zealand after 14, most of the people wanted a change from conditions for which they held Labor Party policies responsible. In neither country was “welfare state” the main issue, since all parties had supported and promised to continue government social services. But in both there were widespread complaints about high prices, high taxes, shortages and continued wartime controls. Robert Gordon Menzies, who will become Australia’s new prime minister, is backed by a combination of his own Liberal Party and the smaller Country Party,” He and his Shaociates promised to reduce controls, reform the tax system, stop further nationalization of industry, stimulate private enterprise and outlaw the Communist Party. . » * ”. . . THESE promises evidently proved more attractive than the Labor Party's boasts that, under it, Australia enjoyed = prosperity, high wages and full employment. — A majority of Australia’s voters, like a majority of their neighbors in New Zealand, seem to have concluded

BER

for such benefits, was providing them at “the new government will

it can ‘aintain them at lesser cost. an able I man, is well Known. in the Uiited

Right Man for the lob

2 Affairs has been offered to Byron Price, wartime director of the office of censorship and now Assistant Secretary A ro of the United Nations. , Price can be persuaded to reconsider his not to accept. This nat only because: admire him greatly but because the duties have been redefined, In accordance with recommendations of the Hoover Commission which Secretary of State Dean Acheson has approved, this particular Assistant Secretary | hereafter will serve mainly as a “high level staff adviser on ‘domestic and

foreign opinion.” He will be the principal officer advising the Secretary on the public opinion aspects of any problem. There have been many instances—the Angus Ward case, for one— in which we suspected that the State De- _ partment was well insulated from such mundane influences as public opinion.

DaDie

particular shortcoming in the e department should be remedied quickly. ,

It Needs Votes, Too

THE Republican National Committee has appointed R. uglas Stuart of Lake Forest, Ill, as its treasurer. He Douglas James S. Kemper, who resigned recently because the party’s cash reserve had dwindled to $90,000. Mr. Stuart takes on a fund-raising job that's a lot tougher than it used to be. Big contributors to the GOP have been far between and hard to land lately, especially since the 1948 Dewey debacle; But the committee hopes for better results from Mr. Stuart, an official of the Quaker Oats Co., a native Midwesterner with experience in farming and ranching, and a Republican who disclaims personal political ambition. . ‘Vigorous political activity requires adequate funds nowadays and, because the country needs two vigorously active parties we wish Mr. Stuart's efforts well. At the same time, perhaps, what Will Rogers used to say would be a good thing to remember: “You can't make the Republican Party pure by more contributions, because contributions are what got it where it is today.”

After 62 Years

wives enjoyed the right to buy yellow margarine. Repeal by Ohio voters of a state law forbidding such sales “became effective. Federal law still requires housewives in Ohio and other states whére yellow margarine is legal to pay a discriminatory tax of 10 cents a pound if they do buy it. Its purpose is simply to protect the butter business. A bill to repeal that unfair law, already passed by a “huge majority in the House, will come before the U. S. Senate early next month. The butter lobby will fight hard to kill it but the Senate should speed its enactment.

~~ Turning the Tables

- "THERE are some ingenious fellows steering policy forour propaganda broadcaster, the Voice of America. Not many months ago they put U. 8. jazz to work to "lure foreign listeners. Now they've taken another clever step. “They've put Russian Foreign Minister Vishinsky to work— on transcription—showing the discrepancies between what _ he says in the United Nations and what the Moscow papers Needless

$8 pulb out, Vishinghy is an wwiling

mer of

That government has just won, in a Yorkshire textile - community, its 36th by-election victory without one defeat,

WAY HE BT ON PRICE EXACT BY Sth

that the sosialistic government, If indeed it deserved ull the

Ba nt rm oF Bile To Fol

1 The product's a’

stute Byron Pric Price would take the job, that

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PEACE... By Lodwel Danny 4 "UN Successes And Failures

No Cold War Curbs Found But Constructive Steps Taken

WASHINGTON, De¢. 13 You can find .in the record of the United Nations General Assembly, which has adjourned its 1l-weeks' ges-. sion, whatever you are lgoking. fof. It depends on the yardstick you use. The Assembly did not remove any of the major threats of another world war, If you ’ think It should have done so, you will conclude it was a failure. But if you expected little you: can conclude the session was a success, for it did take several constructive steps. If you try to be fair, you probably will" remember that the Assembly is essentially a publie forum without enforcement powers and that it is operating in a sharpy divided world, - Under these circumstances you are apt to he thankful that the assembly continues to exist and each session has inched forward a little bit,

Use of Veto

THE terrible failure of the United Nations to provide collective protection against war--its chief function—is not the Assembly's fault. That is the job of the Security Council and related bodies. And the big powers, including the United Nations, wrote the charter in such a way that any one of them could prevent the Security Council from functioning by use of the veto,

for Russian membership in the United Nations,

.- He has misused that power to the point where the United Nations enforcement agency Is help less, As a result, the democratic Assembly - directly representing all 59 nations has t#ken on new ‘importance by the Becurity Council's default In ‘this larger role the Assembly's major

achievement thas been its’ freedom from Soviet intimidation. Among the several major decisions,

oubk of the 80-odd taken by this session, Stalin dictated none and approved only two-—those on Internationalization of Jerusalem and technical aid for under-developed areas. Freedom for Colonies THE biggest accomplishments of this ses-

sion were in that fleld of colonialism. It sponsored the Indonesian settlement, voted freedom for Libya in two years and for Italian Somaliland in 10 years. Over the protest of imperial powers it asserted rights of investigation in nonmandated colonies. It strengthened the neglected International

"Court of Justice’ by asking that body for ad-

visory opinions on violations of civil liberties by Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania. and on the status of southwest African mandated territories claimed by the Union of South Africa.

No Enforcement Machinery IN theory it reaffirmed an earlier decision for. Internationalization of Jerusalem. to which both occupying nations of Israel and Trans-Jordan-object and for which there is no en“forcement machinery. — 2 The China Issue was evaded by an amend-

Zod American face-saving resolution. Jt then re-—

ferred to the little Assembly China's charges of _

--Red aggression, and Kept alive commissions watching Stalin moves in. Korea and the

Baticans. - : - - -It slapped Russia indirectly. by. “demanding —

3 -shservance of the “United Nations charter. But —

of course this peace plan of words, however ‘welcome, cannot win the cold war.

FOSTER’ S FOLLIES

LONDON-The Labor government's plan for Seveiaping peanut plantations in East Africa has been sharply condémned as a failure by conservatives, They plow and they furrow and harrow Producing a growing rebuff, ¢ too narrow; It hasn't been yielding enough. . They're in quite an awkward position; It seems that they just haven't learned The code of the true politician: All working for peanuts is spurned! & v

(“TOKYO--Station crowds were shocked when an accused murderess, attempting to escape, tore off her clothes and jumped from a train.)

That bay upen the burning deck Soon feund It awful het, But he was clothed from feet to neck While she, they say, was net.

Yet from the crowd, to her defense, There dashed no ardent swain. All Nippon frowned on her offense She had ~uinyed a train! eigen ; eS

‘TIS SAID

That you can be more than a parrot. Coin your awn words from your own thoughts and be surprised. B. C.—Indianapolis

CHANGE OF PACE . . . By Peter Edson

Tito’s Popularity

WASHINGTON, Dec. 13—If Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia came to Washington today, he would probably get a welcome that would break all records. It would make the recent official turnouts of the Shahinshah of Iran and Prime Minister Jawaharal Nehru of India look like an eloping bridegroom going to meet his father-

-or- did - not try -to—ex

—and-

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lice yr _—

We Do Wish Santo Would Read His Mall ; Hoosier Forum

poe 6 es’ nisi [Han Rr

ELA ITY

SMEARING THE PAST

on (SN gl ae CRITICS \ Budger SPENDING Cuts

By Marquis Childs

U. S. World Position Weakened?

WASHINGTON, Dec. 13 -— Leading from strength {8 the only sound tactic, whether in

~cards or in the cdld war that is dividing the

world. - Presumably that is what we are doing in the costly programs for military and economic aid in Europe and in Asia.

But. here at home we seem determined. to - show ourselves as weak and divided as possible. Unele Sam leads with a glass chin. Abroad,

it —creates —3 strange impression to see the colossus of Sof himeties Sowering before his own shadow: The newest San aibie is

the furor over

——whether Harry Hopkins and Henry Wallace did ~~ pedite the shipment -of -— atomic materials to the Soviet Union during _the war, : The so-called testimony presented thus far

is thin and Lt. Gen. Leslie R. Groves did not substantiate any of the “charges” made by a former Air Force shipping expediter. As the shrill eries “of angry Republican members of the House Un-American Committee immediately made obvious, there is a lot of party politics in this newest “exposure.” The motive is to smear the past and the men around Franklin Roosevelt.

Proper Perspective

THESE sheeted ghosts will be dragged before the public again—again and again and again, as FDR used to like to say. Therefore it ‘seems to be important to put the whole business in proper perspective. ’ During the war the Soviet Union was the ally of the United States and Great Britain. A lot of people seem to have forgotten that. Russian seldiers killed and wounded millions of the enemy and, in turn, perhaps as many as 10,000,000 Russians were casualties. Naturally, everything was done to send all possible material short of a few ultimate secrets mostly related to the atomic bomb--to our ally. Terrible sacrifices were made to get that material to Russia. Often this government was far behind on promised shipments Russians crted out in rage and desperation. With the end of the war a new phase began. In spite of warning signs, our government made every effort to work with Russia, the wartime ally, to build a peaceful world. This was leading from strength and confidence -- the

SIDE GI.ANCES

All this in

confidence of a victory won out of the power of American arms and American productivity, With hindsight we may see that some foolish and totally unnecessary things were done in this postwar phase. Take an Instance that has never been aired before any comniittee. In early 1946 Moscow asked permission to send a group of Soviet engineers to the United States. They were fo study the water systems ‘of leading American cities so, presumably, they

could go back to Russia and direct the construe: : “fion of similar svstems.

FBI Overruled

opposed -to—granting

“He wag overruled by the Department of State. The Soviet engineers came to. America. They -

got measured drawings of blueprints of major water systems, including those of New York and Los Angeles, where huge populations are dependent for life on a stream of water piped over-a long distance. How much this information would help Russia in the event of war is not clear. The same knowledge might "have come, although easily, through Russian espionage. Such espionage is one of the grim facts of the present day world; just as American espionage is a fact—and if it is not a fact, then the $50 million or more which goes in secret to the central intelligence agency is being wasted. The third phase of Russian-U. 8. relations began with the realization that the Soviet Union was bent on nothing less than world domination. The Communist parties in individual countries were instruments for aggression and control, wholly subservient to Moscow policy. The third phase saw the start of the cold war.

Worked for Peace

AMERICA has a strong moral position in the cold war, and the chief reason is because this country demonstrated to the world that it went the whole way in trying to work peaceably and honestly with—Soviet~Russia. That has been a fact of paramount importance too often over160Ked. The destroyers and the haters who rake over the past in the suddenly acquired wisdom of hindsight may make the headlines they are after. But those headlines do a deep wrong to America’s position. And if they do any good, it is certainly not evident.

By Galbraith

derma end Wot you say A will defend to the death your right fo say W."

‘Technocrats May Be Right’. By C. W. Burton, 911 E. Maryland St. The technocrats expect aur present économie and govefnmental systems to break down soon to such an extent that the people will-welcome them with open arms. Technocracy promises economic democracy under a government of fcientists and engineers. We are told that under proper organization production can bé greatly increased and that the goods produced can be distributed equitably. Does - that sound unrea. sonable?

The Socialists say that we do not have te

wait for the disintegration of our present society to accomplish the same results envisioned by the technocrats, They say we can accomplish these ends under a’ democratic government by voting properly. Industrial and agricultural production’ could be doubled by proper use of brains, machines and natural resources, Strange as it may seem, there would not be an ‘overproduction of goods either if they were made available to those who could use them, Workers would not have to labor overtime to accomplish this either, Capitalist propaganda has the average citizen in mental bondage, however, so it looks as though the technocrats are right. We won't have #onsumer abundance until we first experience anotiger economic bad. >

‘Cross-Town Lines Needed’

_By M. W. Pennick Sr, 2147 N. Wallace St.

Se Fo ——T

—I- EDGAR HOOVER, head of the FBI was What Others. Say

fon TOF the visit propa--ganda gestures with earnest efforts to settle the

less

I would like to make a few suggestions

about the transportation system of our city,” If the company wants to increase their revenue, I would suggest putting in cross-town lines instead of running all cars through the center of town. The east part of the city is a good example, If you want to get to Emerson and E. Washington St. from E. 21st, you have to go almost downtown and transfer and go-all the way back, This alse applies to the students of Howe High School. A -good network of crosstown lines, it seems to me, is the only solution to the situation. ¢ oo 9

‘Some Revenue Overlooked’ By ‘Allen A. Bellinger In these days of deficit financing and of tax. ation burdens imposed on investors and wage earners alike, it is surprising to observe the federal government overlooking that source of revenue available from penalties that should be imposed under Revenue Act 102 on corporations that evade taxation by inadequate distribution of net profits to stockholders. For example, a large company distributes te stockholders during the past decade; less than 5 per cent of net profits after taxes, without penalty, Research might disclose other similar cases; * +

‘Yuletide Exchanges’

By Henry Sylvern -

Tsi't it odd that on Christmas Diy we exchange gifts with our friends and on the day —after _Christmas-—ws -exchange- gifts-at-the de partment Store? ee —

“LIVE and let live. “Replace sweeping outstanding differences. Admit the possibility of sincéfity on the part of the dissenter and seek a common understanding.—Warrea Austin, American ambassador to the United Nations, challenging the Kremlin. * © THE underworld works together between the various cities. Frank Costello, for example, says he works only where he is “tolerated,” but in order to be tolerated he must be allied with someone in power.— Virgil Peterson, director of Chicago Crime Commission. * > 2

THERE can be no doubt that nationalism is rising again in Germany, that administration and courts are full of Nazis, that anti-Semitism is rising again.—~Bruno Weil, president of the Axis Victims League, Inc. > > 2 WE HAVEN'T the slightest chance of maintaining freedom and democracy in Washington or extending them to other parts of the world unless we do (in the localities). —Cheries Edi son, former Navy secretary and one-time New Jersey governor. >. 0 ) CHANCES of war have difinished slightly recently, but not to the extent that the U. 2 should not be-ready to keep the peace at 4 o'clock tomorrow morning. —U. 8. Defense Seo-

“retary Louis Johnson.

> > 4 WE NEED the experiénce and ingenuity of all our citizens in mobilizing our resources to afford them full opportunity to work, free from fear of economic insecurity.—Labor Secretary Maurice Tobin.

COLLEGE FINANCES . . . By Bruce Biossat

Social Research

WASHINGTON, Dec. 13—Government and industry this year are giving 200 colleges and universities about $125 million fer research, according to a New York Times survey. increase of about 500 per cent over pre-war years. But the picture isn’t as rosy as it seems. soaring costs haven't spared the schools.

That's an

In the first place, A million dollars

AST week, for the first time in 62 years, Ohia_house-

in-law at the Union Station on the morning after.

spite of the fact that Tito is still offigially a Commie. Tip-off on this situation was furnished recently by "the Yugoslav embassy in Washington. Ambassador Sava Kasanovic dhrew a party on

his .country's independence day. A year ago only the Russian and satellite diplomats showed up. This time none of them was even invited. But 1400 others were, and they all came. Among them, a lot of American businessmen who

have suddenly found that they want to do business with Tito. » » » . SOME of them already have. There was one auto salesman who had just exported half a dozen big limousines to Tito & Co. and another who had heard they were in the market for a jillion dollars worth of trucks. Tito -has a loan. No wonder everybody loves him, The Yugos, for their part, are finding that it is nice to do business with the Yanks. They used to. send. trainloads of metals and lumber and stuff to Russia, as called for by. their trade agreement. What they would get back would be one second-hand truck with no spare parts. Now they ship their: copper and lead to the U. 8., get dollars for it and go buy what they, want, . ~ » ” AT IS to take advantage of this new state of affairs that the, U, 8. is sending a new envoy to Belgrade. Ambassador Cavendish W,'Cannon has come back to Washington for a physical check-up. He Is being replaced: by no less a person than Assistant Beore-

tary of State George V. Allen.

isdn

The best is none too good for Tito. While Tito has been bucking the Russians since early 1948, it is his course of action in the last few months that has won

him pals. Tito is now being given credit for having taken every trick in his recent exchanges with the Kremlin. His

timing has been good, he has not exposed himself, and his

statements have been made with an eye on what world reaction would be for his country. ” oo»

IT HAS been “generally suspected that the United States put Yugoslavia up for election to the United Nations Security Council, but this is denied. The story is that the Yugoslav delegates were given broad powers to decide what they should do at Lake Success. They decided to advance their own candidacy only after they got to New York and sized up the extent of opposition to Russia. . Election of Yugoslavia to the Security Council has made that

_ country a great booster of the

United Nations, wheréas it was formerly only a knocker. Tito is nowy said to regard himself “4s the champion of the middlesized countries that, want to maintain their independence of TEBE POWERS Toes thE tae of. self-determination for small peoples has been an ideal of American foreign policy for lo these many years, this provides another note of harmony.

J . ~ ~ TITO'S relations with his fmmediate - neighbors are alse thought to be improving. Yugeslay: forces could have moved Into Albania at any time, Jot >

12:13 crn, sone wv wer SERVICE. We. 7. W: MEG. Uh 8. PAT. OFF. "Mother how about giving ‘me a few lessons on how to be a detective? Dad says you should have been one!”

Tito was smart enough not to fall inte that Russian trap.

Yugoslav demands on Aus- -

tria have been largely written off. It is expected that an agreement can be made for the re-—yrn-of-Prieste-to-Haly-

there may be some further dis-

pute over the. surrounding ‘Zone. B" territory. Tito at one time apparently thought the United States would get tired and pull out of Greece, leaving it to a “coalltion” which the Communists could later take over. This be: Hef was strengthened by the “tach that the U. 8. had with.

. town against the

drawn most of its troops from China and Western Europe at the end of the war. When the Americans stuck with the

getting tired of supporting the guerrillas.

Newspapers in Yugoslavia

still write editorials denounc-

ing the capitalist imperialists,

but their heart isn't in it any .

more. After leading off with this old line, they really go to Russians, And the inclination here is to

, accept the deed, rather than

" the word.

doesn’t buy as much research as it did in 1939. Administrative expenses especially have risen sharply, and often research grants make no allowance for them. The colleges have to foot the added bill, ” - ~ THERE'S another big worry. The lion's share of the money goes for projects in the socalled applied sciences fields where effort is toward finding practical application of principles already discovered in earlier fundamental research. Even where funds are made available for basic studies, the

. feeling Is that scientists will

tend to steer their researches into avenues that may lead to practical results, because they know “money {is thus more likely to be granted. ~ ~ ~

THE danger.in all this atten-

“tion to the pracfical is that

fundamental studies vital to the expansion of the frontiers of knowledge may be neglected. Findings that today may appear remote from practical use suddenly take on value when linked with other discoveries or new needs, Scientists fear that some important fields of study may be stagnated unless funds for “pure research” come to the colleges without strings. Most grants these days specify how the money shall be used, rather

than leaving that question to

the college scholars who may know far better where it is needed. sa co” ” . : SCHOOL authorities are disturbed by the tendency of fundgivers to emphasize the necessity for quick solutions to major scientific problems, like % \

cures for cancer or polio. The givers sometimes act as if they won't he satisfied their money has been well spent unless answers are found within their own lifetimes, Desirable as this may seem off-hand, it is not always the best approach to a serious scientific ‘puzzle. In the end, funds given for pure research might prove the wisest and fastest way to achieve a cure for cancer. Money granted for specific undertakings re. lated to known principles might turn out to be largely wasted.

- . . A FURTHER fact dimming the research picture: Too little money goes for exploration in the social sciences. Many schools get no grants at all

, for studies in economics, poli-

tocs, and sociology. They limp along with what funds they can divert from tuition reve nues normally consumed in administrative and other operations. The fine irony In this, situation has.often been noted. We spend untold millions to de-

velop new inventions for both

peace and war. In the ease of the atom bomb it was billions. Yet we virtually ignore the crying - need for new social techniques to cope with these great creations,

* w 0» AND s0 we fumble and grope, and perhaps blunder badly, before we finally learn how to use the things the scientist puts in our hands. Reséarch in social affairs ought to go hand in hand with advancement in the Prysisl sciences,

DUBROV land ‘Where 1 Stalin: strike. the Adriatic | The nar through the | matian coast was a ribbon Nightly the d and Chetnik away steel hy At every | overlooking e genious Ger blockhouses. good use of smothet the (And no ma this.) Tito’s boys mountains, ar the feed line . as they w the issue be jc sumed that + wn DIASE AWAY. Lh, knowing they Many bloc demobilized in Friendly lines billow betwee Pink curtain wicked machi

LJ THE THO! other war ea! entrails of Yu when one visi: villages lined Jevo to Dubro filling station In early eve of driving r: McClure (Pat man) stopped village, I wal once a pleasa fine trees. H and housewiv way to mark Now nothi ever was a ha it. Only the w mained, as if had howled carrying off dows . . , and and identifial The only u was a stone

a g