Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 December 1949 — Page 35

you say, but | ht fo say-it."

“Yule street m- heartily in the loop area sphere in this n Washington cago and get mas stars or + part of the micated stars pt to brignten ow the trend wristmas pres-

Iding’ ul Ave. 1] the country , progressive n,” skyscraper ntain all our

modern jail court rooms, nd confefence

les and other usiness in the p the building y elevator be 7 levels while vators to the

id be spacious rooms. There ospital where other citizens itriet could be

impossible of right to expect nd becomes a 1d many other md it not only lesirable from lon't we bring

nt’

anapolis Railthe utter lack sit system. } of the PSC nstead. of exntrary to all corporations, tion would inle bankruptcy. of expansion e SO sorely terouting that atronage with

as of today's lack of adeth north and

iopted by all it of goodwill 1stead of the ransit system. 1 the solution st, but would napolis, 't of the elec neeting of the pal ownership

high seas. We 1» the world. — ryland, Senate

alk about our don’t see anyjon ,.,and I etary of State

keep abundant

and fully use- _

of Agriculture

1g about trade o tell the trade hey will do it.

ating crow and e.—Dr. George scent elections.

rvation out of e it a problem Kenneth Hunt

strength comwar.~Defense

nny

trouble unless * than it is now

s a warning of

aneuver to win most areas not

us though not or federations a minority of | control, Comn the factories d temporarily, nd Frenchmen ous of political merly. - -

s this fundace; In France 'y potential is , and prosperthe chief antl-

¥ northern inare comparBut in most of issue is domi-

eléss peasants f rich ‘estates | of desperate pirit on which sheviks rode to

Fights Cadle Tabernacle Site, Prefers ‘Phone Booth’ Size

‘GOP CHAIRMAN Cale Holdér's efforts to hold the

-Capehart-Jacobs debate in a phone booth may seem a little peculiar but think nothing of it,. Such odd behavior is quife common among politicians, particularly

_ Republicans, :

They like to make their rip-roaringest Republican

speeches before predomi-

- nant Republican audiences.

They never convince anybody that way who isn't already convinced but, boy, do they get lots of applause! ‘Generally speaking, Democrats in recent years have been more inclined to the less pleas‘ant but more productive procedure of carrying their political ideas to the general public. One prominent Demo-

crat has discovered he can even coax a stray Republican into his camp now and then. . =~ .

MR. HOLDER has remained grimly opposed .to the use. of Cadle Tabernacle for the Dec. 12 debate here. He will settle for any place smaller and the smaller the place is the better he will lke it. ° Mr. Holder figures the Democrats will. muster up every city

Washington Calling— gi

Mine Operators

. Believe John L. Can Be Whipped

Present a Solid Front Against ‘Able and Willing’ Clause

By The Scripps-Howard Newspapers WASHINGTON, Dec. 3—Can John L. Lewis be licked

"burs next week. /He's criticized

this time?

Coal operators think so. They say they'll stand together, grant no further money benefits, sigh no con-

tracts containing the “able and willing” clause which

lets Lewis pull out half a million men any time,

Factors against Lewis:

“Soft spots” —Operators willing to compromise with Lewis—have died or retired. Industry’s now under a discipline something like that in miners’ union. Northern and Western operators are now as antiLewis as Southern group has always been. U. S. Steel, which once played with Lewis, got its fingers burned, won't do

it again,

Lewis has no friends in government to try to save his skin. Also, miners have been on strike nearly a third of normal working time this year, have greatly reduced incomes. United

Mine Workers, though it’s one $15 million in banks, plus the welfare fund, pays no strike benefits. Factors favoring Lewis: * Miners do what he tells them. It's one industry where strikebreaking’s never attempted.

Miners remember many benefits Lewis has won for them, Also, Lewis operates a secret police, in case loyalty wavers. Strong-arm men who don’t shrink from physical combat work for him in all the coal fields. : He shifts them around wherever trouble seems likely. These squads put fear of mayhem, even death, into miners and their wives. No man works in the mines if Lewis says no. 80 miners fear to talk openly against union leadership. Lewis will try for separate agreement with anthracite operators in talks starting Tuesday. Some of them may deal with him, since anthracite is used chiefly for heating eastern homes, and operators fear conversions te oil or gas, permanent loss of markets. But settlement here is not likely to crack solid front of soft coal operators, who employ 400,000 UMW members. Pass a new law? Neither war labor disputes nor TaftHartley has broken Lewis’ grip on coal industry. Many Congressmen want to make antitrust laws apply to union monopolistic practices. But all’ labor organizations would fight that idea tooth and nail. » - »

Ward Faces Delay

DON'T EXPECT Angus Ward party to be.pn Americanoccupied soll before another week or more has elapsed. Ward and his consular staff will] leave Mukden Tuesday at Meanwhile, State Department must choose among Amer-" ican. ship] lines having vessels due to call at Taku Bar, Tien- Mr. Ward tsin’s port area, soon after Ward's arrival there. Difficulty lies in rearranging schedules so-that ship chosen can make direct run to South Korea or Japan, normally a two-day trip. Ward's train trip from Mukden to Tientsin will take two to four days, with another delay of possibly two to four days at Taku while ship is discharging and taking on cargo. - o u

Formosa Hot Issue

FATE OF Formosa is hottest issue on Secretary of State Acheson’s desk, row - gus Ward's being sent home. China ceded island to the Japs in 1805. President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill promised it would be returned to China aftér the war. This never has been formalized by peace treaty, but Chiang Kalshek and other - Nationalists: fled there. A Sen, H. Alexander Smith (R. NJ.) wants it placed un-

t An- |

der United Nations trusteeship,--

warns that if Communists capture it, they'd be in strong position between American base at. Okinawa and the Philippines. Sen. William E. Jenner (R. Ind.) will try to take over

‘leadership of party's isolation-

fst bloe, He's on a world ‘tour now, getting ammunition, re-

of the wealthiest unions, with

U. 8. foreign committee of which he's not a member. -

= ” ~ May Seek Pardon WATCH FOR drive to get President Truman to pardon former Congressman Andrew J. May, now facing eightmonth to two-year jail term. May's strategists are look

May

head of Senate War Investigating Committee and May of House Military Affairs; hope the President considered they were old friends. Plea for mercy will be made. May is 74, has a bad heart, failing eyesight, other disabilities.

Subject to Pensions FORMER CONGRESSMEN

found guilty of felonies can

still draw pensions; in jail or out. Legislation’ now being drafted may change this when Congress reconvenes. ‘ Rep. J. Parnell Thomas recently convicted of taking “kickbacks,” is only 54, can’t draw pension till he’s 62, but will be eligible then if he’s taken routine steps to come under pension system-—and if law is not changed. May is drawing a pension now, will keep on drawing fit even if new law passes, since pensioners already on the rolls won't be affected. Proposed in law would cover all workers, Con- - gressmen included.

f » » - Housing Still Needed ONE MILLION new housing units in 1949 tops country’s previous record—937,000 units in 1925. ernment officials predicted at start of year. i But officials aren't astisfied. They point out there are 35 million = more people to be housed than in 1925, What's more, Bureau of Labor Statistics and Commerce Department predict only 900,000 units in 1950, including both public and private housing. This means big drop in pri-

vately-built homes for sale. -

Housing: and home finance agency says we need 1.5 million new units a year for 10 years. ' Economic Adviser Keyserling asks average of 1,750,000 units a year till 1960.

’ prices up. New federil housing rules to eliminate racial discrimination

do -not cover low-rent publie housing. That's up to local determination, public housing officials say, ’ nz New rules mean only that FHA in future will not guarantee mo es on privately "financed homes and apart. ments where racially restric.

tive covenant has Deen

recorded.

’

It's more than gov-

reinforced by a sizable labor crowd... What it really amounts to, Mr. Holder says, is that the meeting will be a Democrat rally. If his debater, Sen. Cape-

rally as possible. " - Republicans, he apparently believes, will -stay home and listen to the debate on the radio if at all. - He's positive that very few persons will show up ‘just because they're interested. Democrats, who have both city and state administrations, can herd patronage employees into the Tabernacle like sheep. Republicans haven't got anybody they can herd in around Indianapolis,

“World Report—

Unheralded Policy That Costs

publican state committee. It would seem to make more

sense if the Senator took ex-.

actly the opposite view. For \example, in

crat votes already. Sen. Capehart, on the other hand, would haye nothing to lose .and everything to gain, If one . single member of such an audience changed his mind, it

AS FOR UNION officials whipping up a big labor turn-

a house °

out, how can Sen. C lose by that? Union leaders are pretty solidly committed to a drive to mass the unfon vote against him, Every rank-and-file union member he gets a chance to talk to is at least an outside chance to win a vote, The . Senator, himself, appears to see the point of all this. He seems willing enough to meet a neutral or even a hostile audience “if ‘it will help

“his re-election campaign,

Mr. Jacobs, on the other hand, probably is far less con=. cerned with having a partisan audience than Mr, Holder thinks.

The situation looks like a chance for Sen. Capehart to jar a little of the dust off the GOP. If he rushes in where Mr. Holder apparently fears to tread, he might even start other Republicans making

speeches to win votes instead _.

of to win applause,

apehart-Jacobs [

IT LOOKS AS though there won't be as much talk about “slave labor” in the 1950 campaign in Indiana as there was in 1948. Certain unions are beginning to feel that the Utility Anti-Strike law passed in 1947 is not as bad as it was painted during the last election cam-. paigh, What's more, some utilities that favored the law when it wag passed aren't so sure any

more that it's a good one. In

‘other words, - the situation is

“reversed,

The unions that bitterly denounced the act as “Indiana's ttle Taft-Hartley law” are faring as well 4s unions that can strike. g Here and there a few of the public utility boys are beginning to realize that sometimes management gets hurt ‘less in .A strike than in an arbitration. Compulsory arbitration pro-

* v

Each Taxpayer a Dime

Builds Rich Reservoir of Good Will for U. S. in China

$5 Million Set Aside on Farm Reforms Points Way to Help Undeveloped Areas By GORDON CUMMING

Compiled From the Wire Services Th kernel of ‘a new American policy, obsérvers in, the Far East reported today; may lay in a little known American invest-

ment of $5 million in China.

Little known because the Communist triumphs have squeezed

it out of the news. Even though it has paid off it may prove to.

have been too little and too late,

And it was done with dimes, in a manner of speaking, for every Chinese family affected by land reforms alone cost each American taxpayer about 10 cents.

Congress passed the China Act in 1948. ECA was given $275 million to spend, But Congress provided that 10 per cent of it must be spent on rural reconstruction. It covered nonCommunist areas.

- Eighty per cent of China's population, it must be borne in mind, live on the land- -till it, in other words, for a living. -But for the most part they do not hold title to the soil they work. The vast majority, in short, are tenants.

Chiang Kai-shek's National- :

ist government wrote a land reform law in 1926, designed to

break up large estates. But lit-"

tle came of it for the landlords were too powerful in the Kuomintang Party, Chiang's potical vehicle. ‘ Reds Make Hay The Communists have made great political capital of that. “Land to the man who farms

If,” sums up thé Red program.

That is where the $5 million American investment comes in. It was administered by a commission of Chinese and , American specialists whose ' purpose was to “give the Chinese farmer a better break.” And it 1s not just another bureau. Fact is, from top to bottom its. personnel numbers less than 160. The commission has concentrated on: Improved seeds, better fertilizers, veterinary services, rural industries, strengthening co-operatives and marketing unions, irrigation and flood control, mass education and land reforms. And to its credit it has these substantial achievements: ONE: A considerable contribution to the welfare of the estimated 80 million people in Szechuan and Kwangsi prove inces and the island of . Formosa. TWO: More fundamental goodwill toward the United States in these areas than produced by any other American aid effort in China since V-J day. THREE: Some valuable lessons on how to contribute toward the-social, economic and political health of the underdeveloped peoples of Asia— and at a relatively small cost. The Sino-American commission found that China's population pressure gave landowners an advantage over tenants not known In America. And tenancy conditions in China

Getting Alarmed

pesticides, chemical -

were worst where the land was richest. For example, on the Chengtu plain, one of the world’s richest farming areas, about 80 per cent of all farmers are tenants. They paid 80 to 90 per cent of their rice crops as rent. The Struggle to Till The fierce competition for the privilege of cultivating as little as one or two acres of land left the tenants at the mercy of landowners. Tenants were usually forced to .sign new contracts whenever the landlords chose. In spite of the high rents, tenants paid “deposit money” when they rented land frequently equal to one-fifth of the purchase price of the land. : The deposit was theoretically

. refundable. But landlords fre-

"quently kept it and tenants

;, dominated local courts.

But -times have changed.

CHINA'S reeling Nationalist _ government appeared today to ‘be preparing for the final flight from the Chinese mainland as fast-moving Red columns moved in for the kill. Chengtu reports said the government had ordered the evacuation of -all “non-essen-tial” workers from that sleepy university town which became, almost overnight, the “refugee capital” of China. Although the government has ceased.publication of military communiques, Communist armies were reported advancing on Chengtu from the Northeast and Southwest, Influential government leaders were reported pressing for a quick retreat to the fortre island of Formosa. / Retired President Chiang Kai-shek was said to favor a further retreat on the main-

"cided

The Chinese Reds wh ; triking from Kikiang (2), took Chunoking (] hi wh od i toward Ciera

new

Nanchwan (3) and Changshow (5). R the rood nl ana have captured —n dao city

chow (6). land, arguing that flight to Formosa would make the government “lose face.” Other nationalist leaGers were re‘ported arguing that they risk losing their heads if they stay on the mainland, «

. » » THE 's lat t Ty ogre Laat region of Hungary

serve as the center of the Soviet'’s newest propaganda cam-

paign. 2 The French Communist Party, it appears, will direct the * partisan movement” which the Kremlin has deis the most ‘effective weapon it can use to counter: act the “war policy of the United States.” “A source close to Red party leadership in Paris disclosed that Erench delegates Jacques Duclos, Etienne Fajon and Georges Cogniot got a severe lecture becausé of the stagnation of Red action in France the past year. The French Communists: were warned to be on the watch for any sign of Titolst seepage into their ranks and to keep a wary eye on writers and poets of Communist leanings who might feel -inclinedto follow the lead of writer Jean Cassou. Since his return from Yugoslavia in September, Mr. Cassou has been loud in praise of Tito. a . " »

Czechoslovakia

THE country’s Roman Catholic bishops disclosed today that Czech Premier Antonin Zapotocky has answered their request for a revision of the church control laws with a blazing letter which sounded as if it were addressed to “criminals.” In a reply made available to Western correspondents today, the bishops heatedly depied ‘that they were ‘“criminals” and charged the Communist regime with violating both its own constitution andthe laws of God. } Their letter, signed by all Czech and Slovak bishops including Archbishop Josef Beran of Prague, did not reveal what Mr. Zapotocky told them. It said merely that his communication “contained ~ threats.” = The bishops letter. charged that Czechoslovakia had. less religious freedom than states which do not pretend to guarantee religious freedom. The 2000-word letter contin ued, “we demand that the gov-. ernment of the Czechoslovak republic abondon its attempt

’

to enforce a law which can not .

be _ fulfilled.” . It. raked Qommunist officials

for trying tQ give the new state .

church offic headed by Prest=~ dent. Klement

ald's sone...

-— varied from

3) ital. Red armies also were on hors + Hark

r . Yugoslavia The Yugoslav Communist organ Borba last night linked the recent Budapest Comin-

mocracies and make “Yugoslavia the culprit.”

Comparing the Kostov to the recently concluded trial of Lazslo, Rajk, former No. 2 Hungarian Communist, who was hanged, the article sald the same “Budapest recipe is served n

It said both Mr. Rajk and

Mr, Kostov went to Moscow for “pre-trial treatment” and that the terminology of the indictments was almost identical, indicating that the same hand had written them. East Germany MEMBERS of the Schutzstaffel, or 88. Hitler's most ruthless and most dedicated soldiers, were beginning to appear today for the first time since the end of the war among prisoners returning from the Soviet Union. ‘ So far as can be determined, they have n been listed by the Soviet n among the

Soviet and German prisoner figures. Estimates of the number of 88 in Soviet hands have

li Like other prisoners they were required to take courses in the “Antifa” or “antlFascist” schools. Their schooling seems not to have been an outstanding success. One returning S88 man said that Soviet instructors often lost their tempers. Having delivered lengthy lectures, they would. ask: “Are there ‘any questions?” There never was any, » » . West Germany WALTER REUTHER, president of the CIO United Automobile Workers, charged yesterday that the Americans and the British had put “the same old gang” back Into power in the Ruhr. * “The very people who helped Hitler to office and helped him to wage war” are running the great Ruhr coal mines now, ~Mr, Reuther told a press conference.

authorities have. made were

not made willfully, but they were ‘made, Reuther said.

“Perhaps -we-- wanted to get -

in-law, Alexej Cepicka,a “spir-<--back to America too fast, so

itual power.” The bishops said it was

the state, not fhe _

*'we turned things back to the

old owners.”

* beginning to realize that while

have to wait until PSC. Chairman Hugh Abbett returns

200,000 to 400,000,

ceedings under the law are much more frequently sought by unions than by utilities. The unions haven't always gotten all they wanted, but they usu- other way, The ally get something. ~~ Wages are a major part of the cost of many public utility operations. - If wages go up too sharply, especially in small utilities, * the result® nome: times an increase utility | rates, ’ Since strikes are unlawful in utility wage disputes in Indiana, deadlocked negotiations bring arbitration instead of walkouts. In arbitration public opinion seldom comes to bear as it does In strikes. » » - A FEW UTILITY men are

a strike by their employees might leave the public without essential services for a few

Our Fair City— a i 4 Railways May Get Another Fare Hike As a Yule Gift = Action on Increase Awaits End

Of PSC Chairman's Holiday ] LOOK FOR Public Service Commission to give Christmas present — two-cent transit fare increase — to Indianapolis Railways just before Yule holiday. Action on “emergency” petition for fare hike may i i

EEA aa

from vacation. Although hearings are completed, Abbett says PSC won't act until he takes holiday. = Jig . * a = ; 2 Gops usually dish it out, but sometimes tables aré turned ise Shiny, big car driven by dowager-type matron collided with another at Capitol and Marlyland. Officer on corner ordered her to curb for lecture. : wii wi RA Observers saw patrolman’s face turn from réd to purple as i conversation progressed. Reason became apparent whem cop strode over to fellow officer and was heard to Suh aa

Mr.

“Say Jack, you go over and talk to that old hen, If one more word to me I'm going to take her Fight In.”

Place Your Bets STATEHOUSE politicians are betting - Gov. Schricker won't reappoint Joseph How-

ard as Judge of Marion County We AN Municipal Court. Political Sambling Reason: 73 ori, S60 ae he Re rly

Job pays $7500-a-year,” . » . Mayor . Feeney

Virginia, will visit their sister in Detroit, Mrs. E, 0. Jar. quette. She is recovering from “an iness. : of Thicago? pt

GOP Hopes Voters Note ie New Zealand Labor Upset

Republicans, Even as British Tories, :

Call Election ‘a Sign of the Times’ By PAUL R. LEACH, Times § Writer WASHINGTON, Dec. 3—New Zealand's ousting of its Soe clalist government is the nearest thing to encouragement the U. Republicans have had sincé the roof fell on them in November, 1948. : They're wondering hopefully if that ‘was the first sign of & 5 world trend among Englisn-spegking countries, just as” Winston Churchill's Conservatives In ’ England are calling it “a sign That is also the kernel of the times.” oT Fo :

Australia’s Labor govern- 1950 against what ment faces a national election Truman calls a Fair Deal, ; next Saturday. Prime Minister although the

Clement Attlee, head of England’s Labor government, must before late summer. The Amer fcan congressional primaries run from April to September, with election next November. If Australia upsets its Socialist regime, American and Brit- ° ish“ Conservatives will begin... capitalizing idea for all they are worth. Le . Vows Lesser Controls