Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 October 1949 — Page 12

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Telephone RI ley 5551 Give Light end the Peovie Will Pind Thetr Own Wow

oe 2 a x . lew Watts Decision AT many people may find it hard to understand the ng of Special Judge William F. Marshall that set murder indictment of Robert A. Watts yesterday. : ut held the Watts indictment illegal on the

- on grand juries in Marion County. | His conclusion appears to us to be directly contrary to ' Unchallenged testimony showed that those who compile i jury panels have no means of knowing whether the , drawn by chance, are the names of Negroes or whites. lenged testimony before him also showed that:

grand jury was selected. One Negro was actually on nd jury, and got himself excused because he said he want to lose time from his work while serving. There » on the grand jury now in session, a grand jury d before the question was raised before Judge Mar-

doesn’t 150k like “systematic exclusion” to us. se om .

& MARSHALL'S ruling reaches sway beyond the

case. f = : the Watts indictment is void for this reason, why not allthe other indictments returned by this grand jury? Must

grand jury and subsequently convicted of crimes? : And what about previous grand juries, for as far back

s Judge 's ruling applies? os) Bg aan stands, we can see no alternative. © Prosecutor Dailey has quite properly moved immedi-

{ ately to seek a new indictment of Watts, and start all over | again the effort to convict him of one or more of the many viclous crimes he has confessed. : ~ We hope he will alsa file an appeal from this ruling and seek a reversal that will spare our law enforcement agencies

after more than two weeks of raids, ment put out the first official state- » thousands of middle-class businessmen, lawyers and professional people seized by the Communists. It said that the purge victims were being sent to labor camps “to be turned into orderly citizens of the republic.”

~ THE controlled Red press of Czechoslovakia found nothing shameful in that. Neither did it take the occasion to contrast the nine months of orderly trial given the Communists in this country to the sudden arrests and quick imprisonment without trial in Czechoslovakia. . Nor-is notice taken that the 11 American Communists still have the full protection of democratic laws including the right of appeal all the way to the Supreme Court. Their relatives, by contrast, need never be uncertain over their whereabouts nor the length of their imprisonment if the ~ sentences are appealed and upheld. Let the satellite states honestly compare the workings of our Western concept of justice as opposed to the one inflicted upon themselves, There was nothing ‘“shameful” about the verdict in the New York Federal Court. It was an open, deliberate verdict—and one by 12 men and women who did not have to be sent to labor camps to learn how to * become “orderly citizens" of this republic.

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Recognition Yardstick

days after the new East German state was set up, % Secretary of State Acheson denounced it as an illegal and undemocratic puppet of “Soviet masters.” “It was created,” said Mr. Acheson, ‘by a self-styled ‘people’s council’ which itself had no basis in free popular elections,” , So it was, but another self-styled people’s republic set up nearly three weeks ago in China is just as much a Soviet puppet as the new German regime. The Chinese Red government is headed by Mao Tse-tung, who has dehis loyalty to the Soviet Union, has organized a “democratic dictatorship” and has said that in case of war itwrould fight on the side of Russia. © Like the German Red state, the Chinese “people's conference” was not elected by anyone but rigged up by the Communist bosses. . f - ee sa = = ANY difference between the two regimes can only be academic—yet the State Department seems not to have

~~ On the contrary, the department actually is weighing the question of whether Communist China should be recogpiged. Russia, of course; was quick to grant recognition and Britain seems eager to do so. The British have investments of about $1.5 billion in China—more than 10 times as much ca has. Teta son disclosed that he might send a mis-

Acheson China for a first-hand investigation to help determine the Communists qualify for U. 8. recognition. The y mentioned three tests for a government seeking 2 i it must control the country; (2) it must in!

EUROPE . . . By Ludwell Denny France Facing Deadlock Peril

Chances for Democratic Government Hampered

PARIS, Oct. 21—This is not “just another of those French government crises” that mean nothing. On the surface it looks lke the same old ring-around-Rosfe. Especially since President Aurio! has gone through the motions of asking first the Socialists and then the Catholic Republicans (MRP) to form a coalition cabinet and now comes back to the conservatives (Radical Socialists) who held power in the first place. If banker Rene Mayer succeeds in restoring a three-party ministry it will be in essentially the same form as that of his radical Socialist colleague Queuille, which fell two weeks ago on the still unsettled wage-price issue. : But now the climate is different. Bickering and backbiting have made future compromise among these discordant parties more difficult.

The. frustrations of a coalition condemned to comparative inaction have weakened the will to

a And selfish party interests are to the surface.

By Irene Merrill. : Did you ever see so many, butte The other day we made & little

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Marion County reindict and retry all the men indicted by this

Democracy Hampered AS A result the chances of democratic government have suffered, becuse that depends on moderate parties maintaining their combined parliamentary majority. Af the same time the danger of a premature general election desired by De Gaulle extremists on oné side and the Communists on the other has increased. Now the moderate parties are asking themselves whether they might not win instead of lose to extremists in an election, The aged Paul Reynaud, leader of a small group of conservative independents has convinced himself that he, along with the conservative “Radical Socialists” would take much of the popular vote which was pro-Gaullist in last spring’s 15cal glections.. Radical Socialists are toying with the idea, And Socialists, whose vote has been melting away in recent tests, wonder whether they might dé better as an aggressive labor party outside the coalition rather than as a helpless minority’ inside a conservative-dominated government. They withdrew from the Queuille coalition on the wage issue because they are competing with Communists for:union support.

Less Danger IT WAS suggested at a recent Socialist convention that their danger from the right now is less from De Gaulle than from democratic freeenterprisers like Mr. Reynaud and other conservative groups, | MRP is the only one of the three coalition parties not tempted. Everybody admits the MRP in a national election would lose seats to Gaullists as it did in local elections. So it will try to postpone the election until the constitutional limit which is 18 months off. The outcome will be influenced by the electoral law. The present proportional representation system favors the MRP and Communists, A straight voting system would favor conservatives on one side and Socialists on the other. Therefore, electoral system change or modification at least is a background issue now coming to the fore. . : But more than political partisanship is involved in the decline of coalition government here. There are deepening issues of policy also. Poverty is real. Unless low-paid workers’ wages are increased, there certainly will be widespread strikes this winter undermining Marshall Plan recovery and perhaps giving the the Communists a chance for a comeback.

Different Lines

AT THE same time there is a revival of a religious issue Involving support for church vs, state schools, Here the split is on different lines, with the Catholic MRP on one side and the Bocialists and many conservatives on the other. Also there is growing anti-Semitism, which was one factor which prevented Premier Jules Moch from forming a cabinet after he got a one vote majority in parliament. Finally, there are the differences over foreign and colonial policies. The so-called proGerman policy of the MRP, Involving collaboration with the Christian Democrats of Germany as well as with the Italians and others, is feared by the Socialists. the latter also object to the hard-boiled Colonial methods in

ing in Norway over the use of American aid that illustrates with remarkable clarity the problem of European recovery in the midst of conflicting political currents out of the past. In this small example can be seen, as though on a miniature stage, all the hopes and fears for next year and the year after when presumably Marshall Plan aid will end, Norway has an abundance of hydroelectric power from the rivers that run down from the mountains to the sea along most of the coast line. They say here it is the cheapest power in | the world. In the North, around Kirkenes, Norway has large iron ore deposits.

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Before the war that ore was shipped to

t gmelters and mills in continental Europe. From those smelters and mills Norwegian industry bought its steel and steel products at a price over which Norway had no control. .It was, in fact, a price fixed for all European countries by a rigid cartel. { Now Norway wants to build a steel plant, employing cheap electric power in the latest steel-making process. The labor government is pushing plans for a plant that would turn out about 200,000 tons of steel, about half of what Norway uses annually. The plant would be a government owned and operated monopoly.

Steel Plant Monopoly LEADERS of the Labor Party explain that it will be government owned and operated not because of Socialist conviction but because it is to be a monopoly. All other political parties, including the Conservatives, have indorsed tne project. Only a small amount of Marshall Plan money—perhaps. $2 or $3 million—is contemplated to help build the plant. government would provide the balance. - But strong opposition to the proposal has developed ‘in Europe and it may find expression in the Organization of European Economic Cooperation at a special meeting to be held in Paris shortly. Powerful European interests would not only prevent Marshall Plan funds from going into | the steel plant, but they would kill the project

The Norwegian.

RECOVERY IN NORWAY . . . By Marquis Childs

U. S. Foreign Aid Stirs Conflicts

OSLO, Norway, Oct. 21--An issue. is develop-

the war and wielding much of its old financial and economic authority over Europe's .destiny. Once again the cartel includes the steel interests of France, Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany’'s Ruhr. This development, and particularly the fact of Germany's power within the framework of the cartel, has caused a great deal of unhappiness here. Most of it, particularly when Amer-,

jcans are present, finds only a guarded and for

the most part a good-humored expression, but {t is seen as one of the consequences of Amerfca’s unfortunate ‘German policy.

German Recovery THE NORWEGIANS read about how goods still rationed here are being taken off the ration in Germany. They read glowing accounts of German revival and German industriousness, It sometimes seems to them that in spite of all the suffering they endured in every way during the long and cruel occupation that Germany must have won the war,

But quite apart from emotion and sentiment,

the Norwegians say they can make a good economic case for the steel mill. They are convinced they can make steel for about half the price they now pay in Belgium and France. This is challenged by those, including some Americans, who are dubious of the project, The critics say that Marshall Plan money was never meant to go for such long-term projects. They also say that it would cut across the pre-war basis of trade under which Norway exchanged her fish and her iron ore for finished products from the Continent.

Influence of Cartel ONE thing seems unmistakably clear. When the Organization for European Economic Cooperation, which is an adjunct of the Marshall Plan, takes up this question, the influence of the steel cartel should be frankly faced. According to reports here, opposition to Norway’s proposal in the OEEC will come through subterfuge. Perhaps a case can he made against using any American aid for a project that will not immediately contribute to European recovery. But certainly it is not enough to put back to-

of five and three-fourths inches, This is ‘one of our truly beautiful moths, both in ‘ebloring and outline; it is often called the Empress of the Night. . MEO ® & ©

‘Times Change Fast’

By C. D. C., Terre Haute, Ind. Times change fast and will probably change taster in the future. The rich man of today may be the poor man of tomorrow. Sam y the big shot utility king in the 20's went broke. Probably in 20 years a lot of coal fields will be worked out and the ps broke, or possibly such things as coal and off will be replaced by atomic energy. I don’t understand the private pension system that all ‘the big labor boys are fighting

for so there may be some provision made in °

cases of such things as bankruptcy, However, I don't imagine the man who works will have any bed of roses with some companies the last three or four years before & retires. i TREE A & 3

‘Town Needs Industries’

By Old Timer, Martinsville, Ind. This is written in the hope it will be read by some who ‘have overlooked the possibilities of bringing factories to Martinsville. We now have the Indianapolis Power & Light Plant on Main Street and this is an ideal place to live. . You ‘don’t have to drive to Nashville or Brown County to see the beauty of nature. We have it all here, just 30 miles from Indianapolis, and if you bring your business here it is a short trip to Indianapolis. We need to.wake up the possibilities of our town,

What Others Say—

SINCE the emergency powers act could be made into law quickly from the draft of the one available, the experts in the field of mobilization planning consider the task of balancing potential resources and requirements more urgent than getting legislation on the statute books. — Dr. John Steelman, acting chairman, National Security Resources, Beata,

° IT IS a sad commentary om the majority party when a Senate committee which it coptrols can frustrate the enactment of this. piece of humanitarian legislation.—Sen. John Foster Dulles!(R. N. Y.), criticizing the Senate’s Democratic majority because the Judiciary Committee blocked change in Jupiseeg persons act.

IT is an important milestone in welfare and security in the industry (that will) not only serve for stability of the auto workers but should point the way ‘in the steel industry.— Walter Reuther, UAW president, on union's agreement with ory Motor, Co,

ORGANIZED rackets, especially gambling,

Indo-China and elsewhere. altogether. For many reasons, therefore, the tribulations of coalition government here are

likely to multiply.

While no official will discuss it publicly, the belief here is that the opposition stems from Europe's steel cartel, revived since the end of

gether the old pre-war Europe. that is being achieved, and sometimes it seems so, then the program is bound in the long run

to fail.

If that is all

are developing & most potent political action movement. They can do so because they . .. are ruthless in their methods.—Mayor Fletcher Bowron, Los Angeles.

HOPES FOR PEACE . . . By Douglas Larsen

World Government

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21—Announcement that Russia has

support in the U. 8. behind the world government idea. This is reported by sponsors of such plaps who appeared before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. The committee held hearings on several world government resolutions now before Congress,

leading organizations are the Atlantic Union Committee, United World Federalists, United Nations Association and the Citizens Commission for United Nations Reform. Contributions are now being received by these groups from thousands of persons who never were solicited or approached on the matter, it is reported. The Atlantic Union Committee just received one check of $500 from a lady who said she had just read about the committee's work in the newspaper. She wrote that she hoped her donation would help bring peace to the world.

Hope for Peace

ALL of the groups have also suddenly been deluged by requests for literature, membership blanks, and more information on how to organize local clubs, Letters are coming from all over the U. 8. They have one theme in common. The writers seem to be convinced that with Russia possessing the A-bomb, the only hope for peace is through world government. This surprising response appears to have injected new life Into the movements. A spokesman for the Atlantic Union Committee says: “We have worried that our ideas may seem a little highlevel and theoretical to the average person, but the recent enthusiasm shown from a cross-section of all American citizens proves that they know what we are talking about and support us. We are now convinced we will succeed.” i Even without the active man-in-the-street support, which they now hope they are winning, proponents of the world government idea think that they have come a long way in the last gix months. Greatest accomplishment, they think, is the number of Congressmen they have committed to support the idea— substantial majérities in both houses—and the actual passage of several resolutions by the House. Comparing two of the resolutions shows the main difference between the Atlantic Union plan and the others,

World Federalists

THE one sponsored by the United World Federalists says: “That it is the sense of the Congress that it should be a fundamental objective of the . .. United States to support and strengthen the United Nations and to seek its development into a world federation open to all nations . . .” Atlantic Union's resolution says: “ .. that the President invite the democracies which sponsored the North Atlantic Treaty to name delegates . | . to meet this year . . . in a federal convention to explore how far their peoples . . , can apply among them, within the framework of the United Nations, the principles of free federal union.” The latter plan obviously leaves out Russia, for now at Former Court Justice Owen J. Roberts, president n group, explains it this way:

stop World War III is for the peace loving the democracies who have not fought an aggressive

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the secret of the atomic bomb has inspired amazing grass roots

In small towns all over the country organizations are sud- | denly being formed to support the national groups which are | pushing some kind of a united states of the world. The four |

SIDE GLANCES By Galbraith

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0-21 QOPR. 1940 BY NEA SERVICE. INC. T. i. REG. U. 8. PAT. OFF.

"Now I'll wake grandpa up und tell him he has to face the firing squad for sleeping on baby-sitting duty!"

war in the last two generations, to join forces, so that no aggressor will dare attack us." He says that great military value to the Western nations would accrue from the federated union. “For example,” he says, “we would find ourselves in possession of 90 per cent of the world’s naval power and the question of military bases would be enormously simplified.” He believes no aggressor nation would dare attack such power. In the long run, Justice Roberts’ group reasons, Russia would have no alternative but to join the federation, in an honest spirit of co-opération.

Barbs—

SOME trailers are built along Pullman lines. Even to sealing the windows? Tk

. . . - A CALIFORNIA thief stole nothing but cheese from a delicatessen. Was he a man or \ mouse?

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VALUE OF DOLLARS . . . By John W. Love

Welfare Swindle?

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21—There must be a lot of people in this country who believe in the welfare state, else President Truman would not be building on its promises so frankly. Yet we must all hope, for their own sakes and others, that they will retain a certain amount of skepticism. If too many were permitted to trust themselves fully to government-pro=-vided welfare or industry-paid welfare, then this country be in for sad times. And none would suffer more than they. Trouble is the government isn’t competent to keep prices and the cost of living in this country level enough to make good on a large chunk of welfare. It has proved its inability to do so in the recent past. It has cruelly deceived those old-age pensionsers who depended on it. As I understand the welfare state in its simplest form, it would promise everybody all that was thought necessary for him in the way of medical care, subsistence, uneraployment benefits, pensions, life insurance and a few other facilities.

Weakness of Idea THE weakness in the idea is in the way it rests on money, including a lot of saved-up money. : 3 Practically the entire set of welfare promises the govern ment now makes are written in dollars, and so would all those the welfare state would offer, But the government wouldn'i Sell what those dollars would buy. If it tried to do so it might fail to deliver, ' d 2 The whole structure of public and private guarantees could be kept sound, if it were not too large, but it would still be in dollars. None of it would guarantee that the unemployment bene fit or the pension or the insurance would buy what the beneficiary hoped it would. : 3 Live Here is where a certain amount of skepticism ought to be expected even from the people who support Mr. Truman fully in his belief in the welfare state. They have all seen how prices have risen in recent years and cut the purchasing power of pension money in half. <

Dollar Value Down : MANY a widow living off the proceeds of insurance finds herself only about half as well off as her husband thought she was going to be, . Many a buyer of Savings Bonds during the war finds his money won't buy him half so good. a house as he saw in the pice tures the U. 8, Treasury ran in its advertisements pro 1 these bonds. The man who had the choice of buying a house or war bonds in the early 1940's would have been prudent There was even some intimation from the Treasury that the dollar would be just as good when the bond was Sasned as it was when it was bought, but it soon gawe up that . : : The lesson is that nobody can protect himself fully if he relies on the power of the government's money, If he's going to save he should save something in tangible goods and property. There is a large place for other forms of protection, including insurance and pensions, but the man ° expects to

who live a long life will prudently diversify: He won't have all his eggs in a basket woven with paper money, much less trust his all to a basket labeled the welfare state. 3 7 being made: gigantic it would set up in its early years

A welfare state would be capable of swindle. The reserves could

and the truth

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AOR-T BRASS FITTIH