Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 May 1949 — Page 45

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SUNDAY, MAY 22, 1940 Story of Television

Dates Back t

Isolation of Selenium

Swedish Baron Discovered Method Of Translating Light Into Electricity

Television's history goes back 132 years to 1817 when Baron a Swede, isolated

Jons Jacob Berielius,

He had discovered the first means of changing light energy into

electrical energy, although no one ‘The next step—and the

Selenium long had been used

current in electrical circuits. A [Started a ph operator named May, hours weekly.

telegra on his job in Ireland, noticed that

his instrument worked differently television in Los Angeles, and in cloudy weather than when the Zenith in Chicago. Television | | demonstrations were & Popular, o..;med, the forward-looking

daily feature that year at the! New York World’s Fair. manufacturers will include hot

sun was shining on the selenium resistor. Historic Milestone

Historically, that compares in

television with the first man Who! i ves were : analyzed the action of a rolling qn A rent ‘log, thereby conceiving the wheel, \,isi5n actors and actresses. And for May's observation suggested i+ was so, Makeup in those days that light could be transmitted by | onsisted mostly of a horrifying

electricity. That thought sent researchers

in Europe and America into & cameras used the iconoscope and fever of experimentation. By 80 required the most brilliant lght-

the principle of scanning been suggested by Maurice Le Blanc. Paul Nipkov, in 1884 in Ger-

many, patented a mechanism for igector” tube. It is at least as senscanning a picture with a spin-|gitjve to light as the human eye.

ning disk in which holes had

been punched in a spiral starting its g11 the major nations, includ-

at the edge. Each hole represented a line on the picture and

the light would hit a selenium vision telephone service between ‘Munich, Leipzig and Berlin.

cell behind the disk. The system worked after a fashion but only mechanically. There was no means of making it work electrically. ! Nothing new happened until Marconi first sent his wireless signals in 1895. Work Begun in Tube Three years later Karl Braun in Germany began work on a Stone Age—electronically speak-| ing—tube in which he demonstrated that he could spray a stream of electrons and govern the action by magnets. This was the great-grandfather of today's receiving tubes. In 1906 Lee de Forest invented the three-element vacuum tube and by 1907 Boris Rosing, a Rus- ‘ gian, had patented a television system with a mechanical pickup.

A. A. Campbell-Swinton sug-the indoor antenna has proved television in itself does not pro-

gested & full electronic system but, World War I stopped television development, although it stimulated research and improvement

first realization that such a thing as television might come to pass—took place in 1873.

o 1817 With

of that period realized it.

Television Sets

Usherettes to

" Could Use Antennas | To Dry Laundry | Come to think about it, tele-! sets are not complete at They've got all the movies| to be sure, but something

regular program of 18 Don Lee went on the air with

Nightmare Makeup Jt was in that era that the

blue-black or white. The picture, too, was still fuzzy.

ing. But finally along came the “Image orthicon” tube, & development of the “image dis-

By then television had spread

ing Japan. In Germany, for instance, it was possible to use tele-

The customer arranged in advance for the service, and at the appointed hour the two persons went to their respective post of-

see each other at the same time. However, the picture used a mechanical scanner and transmission was by wire.

Small Indoor Antenna Otfen Proves Effective

with every set. Consequently, there should be a compartment in the set of tomorrow to store the pasteboards for the half-time card stunts which the 23,708 guests you will have each Saturday afternoon will delight in doing. And

Urges Larger Television Screen

Study Discovers Eye Strain Present

Larger television screens seen at a distance of 10 feet or more have been recommended by the American Demical Association. The journal of the association

also said the nearly pérpendicular screen is preferred. Too much

fices and they could converse and/of an angle produces distortion

and makes co-ordination of the two images received by the eyes difficult. . Although there is not a definite time limit for watching television, some discretion should be used and it should not be persisted in beyond the point of fatigue, the

The intricacy of installation for [Journal said.

television can be simplified in

a ; a tiny space for a medicine cabinet, ® Place for the small boy youthis television business that It should be just large enough for Must have on hand to sell

| Oh, there are a lot of other | Gorgeous George 12 TeStng. |_ gets the set of tomorrow

{Trap Door Speeds

“Daylight screens, in general, R

many instances by a new indoor are considered better than the antenna made by Motorola. It ordinary ones because they are has a weighted base and two compatible with more light in the /slender arms which can be ad- room, thus reducing the contrast justed to the angle of best re- between screen and surrounding ception. lobjects. Motorola officials report that! The Journal said that while effective in seven out of ten in- duce eye strain, it requires all staliations operating within. the the important “components of the

Keep Up With Theaters

the! hot engineers have overlooked. It has ito do with antennas. i You see the things sticking up| Built-in telephones from apartment house roof tops 80 you won't have to move when all over the city. And what good| watching a program . . . Auto-lare they in a utilitarian: sort of matic paddles to whack the kids way? All they do is pick up| when they get too squirmy . . . A bar for people who would be travels on besides a 30-day com-| out of ‘focus anyway . . .Usher- mutation ticket. | ettes . . .And a sewing kit for! “Make them bigger! Spread those home dressmakers who are them out!” is the universal cry! suckers for test patterns, lconcerning antenna. “Then, we But, there is another aspect of ican hang laundry on them!” {

op ‘Movie Newsreels Shift in TV Scenery [Al 0qdy Feeling

Continuity of television programs requires quick changes of Impact of TV

scenery.

To speed switching sets, there's! \ t a trap door in the top of the main! THE MOVIE house hewsreeis

already are feeling the impact studio that leads into a store- |. television.

room. When a program ends, one: set is pulled up to the storeroom, Distributors of newaresis oom. another lowered into place. 80; there's no delay between pro-| grams. .

trouble selling their product ror the coming year. This is partioularly true in areas covered by the big regional

Telecast of Circus television stations. Exhibitors complain that they have been

Was 1940 Triumph {consistently “scooped” by TV

One major triumph of televi-newsreels or actual television sion was the first telecast of a Views of the event as it happens. circus in Madison Square Garden! in 2 had t AIENCY ADVERTISES ITSELF neers ha 0 cope with| In Philadelphia rece s many technical problems in cap- note in toi ya Rr turing the color and excitement!set when an advertising agency as the clowns, star performers bought television time to advertise

Need Popcorn Machines, Television Tubes : je Be

‘already has made im beams or whatever it is television: |

—

plain they already are having| H

Improved

in design and materials to make tubes last longer.

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itively short periods.

New Discoveries Made The television dream Wag re-| vived after the war, and by 1925) C. F. Jenkins, an Amerjcan, and John L. Baird, a Scot, had some success with the scanning disk. - In 1927 the Bell Telephone Co. successfully demonstrated send- % ing pictures by wire and then by radio, but it used the mechanical scanner and was cumbersome. | Meanwhile, in 1923 Vladimir K.| Zworkin had filed a patent ap-| plication for the iconoscope and Philo Farnsworth, youthful genius, came up with the “image dissector’’ tube. | They made it possible, in effect, for an electron beam to “paint” a picture as the camera sees it, and to do it so fast and so many, times a second—30—that it gives the illusion of motion continuity. The completely electronic form of television was on its way. | It stumbled in those first few, years, as a toddler will, but it virtually had found its feet when World War II interrupted. { . First Test Station | As early as 1927 long-distance demonstrations were made suc cessfully in the East, and in May, 1028. General ‘Electric's Station WGY in Schenectady started a regular television program schedule, The first play to be broadcast by television was a one-act melodrama, “The Queen's Messenger,” which went on the tele: vision screen May 11, 1928. The first programs were not satisfactory. | However, more and more men of imagination foresaw the eventual possibilities of television, and’ by the end of 1931 five television stations had experimental pro-| grams on the air—RCA-NBC, CBS and Gimbel Brothers in New York, General Electric in Schenec-| tady, and Don Lee in Los Angeles,

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