Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 May 1949 — Page 12

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HENRY W. MANZ Business Manager

Friday, May 20, 1049 | i Dd emver of NEA Sore:

; A BSORIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER RoY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONB Pi # ¥ Editor

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Owned dai! 1 a CI Dd Ba and of RE ealoions 2 Price Marion A séfits 8 for daly of Sunday; doitvered by po ay and sunday. 2

300 s week,

Telephone RI ley 8561 Qive TAG ond Ihe People Will Pind Ther Own Woy |

AEC Not Earnifg Public. Trust |

(CHAIRMAN LILIENTHAL and the members of the Atomic Energy Commission have jobs that require them to be as virtuous as Ceasar’s wife, and as wise as Solomon-—perhaps a little wiser. . That's a large order for men of flesh and blood. But we speak not jestingly. Their jobs are that important to _ the life and security of the American people. : i Let them live up to their trust, and so conduct their _ affairs—the people's affairs—in a way to merit continued | public confidence or resign; so that better men may assume the responsibilities. The AEC spends lump-sum billions of taxpayer dollars. What it does with the money is not open to the customary democratic scrutiny of inquiring newspaper reporters. For (it is the custodian of the awful death-dealing force derived by splitting the atom, and that secret weapon, the atomic bomb, which, as Churchill has said; probably alone has prevented Russia from starting a third world war. It is, therefore, essential that the AEC so husband its terrible treasure that the people have confidence that their security is zealously guarded. wv . n . . » ” WITHIN the last week two things have come to light which cast doubt, not upon the AEC's virtue or patriotism, but on its wisdom. : One was the grant of a fellowship, $1600 a yehr of the taxpayers’ money, to give special training in advanced studies of nuclear physics to an avowed Communist Party member. Messrs. Lilienthal et al protest that Hans Friestadt and the 574 other students thus being specially favored and subsidized at taxpayers’ expense, are not engaged in secret researches. Therefore, the students should not be subject to FBI chécks for loyalty or security risk. This is starry-eyed nonsense. Justification for the AEC scientific training program is that it will provide a pool of knowledges which may give the government some tangible return on the money invested in these scholarships. Ob. viously the first requisite of beneficiaries of these generous grants is that they shall have undivided loyalty to the United States. ~~ No Communist can qualify, because the Communist Party is a declared conspiracy directed by Moscow.

: a v a» 8 SECOND big error of judgment involves the case of the missing uranium. A New York newspaper reported that three-quarters of a pound of uranium compound was stolen from the AEC's Chicago laboratory, The AEC, alert for once to public concern, quickly replied that the uranium now missing weighed only one-quarter ounce. Which sounds like not much. We don’t know whether that's much or little—being only taxpaying laymen. e Only thing that seems important-to-1is'is that the ABC waited more than a month before notifying the FBI We want the AEC to hold the public's confidence, If the AEC also wants that, Mr. Lilienthal and his board members had better start thinking and acting more for the public's safety.

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News and Rights of Privacy ¥ ER the Constitution the rights of the individual are paramount in a free democracy and justly so. But in the process of preserving those rights the people must be protected against the use of the rights of privacy to conceal conditions detrimental to the public good. This, in substance, was the reasoning back of the decision handed down yesterday by Judge Saul I. Rabb of Criminal Court 2 in refusing a new trial for two officials of a local company convicted of assaulting a news photographer. = “Public peace is a superior consideration to any one man’s property,” Judge Rabb held. The ruling may arouse wide debate on the question of how far a news reporter should go into the personal affairs of citizens in the interests of public information, But it seems clear and right to us that when private activities affect the well-being of the whole society, it is the duty of a newspaper to report those activities as a protection against the disintegration of civilization from lack of enlightenment. We believe Judge Rabb's decision was fair and right for all-as a basic principle to follow in handling public affairs.

We're Lucky We've Got Him

LXE most big governmental jobs, the post of director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is an appointive one. The director is appoifited by the attorney general which, in effect, means the Presidert—and his term of office is indefinite, Technically, he can be fired at any time. J. Edgar Hoover recently celebrated his 25th anniversary as direct6r of the FBI. We could throw a lot of verbal ‘bouquets at the man and the outstanding job he has done, but we think the most striking testimonial to his ability and integrity is the fact that he has served under four Presi. dents—Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover, Republicans, and Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry Truman, Democrats, 80 congratulations in order not only for Mr. Hoo_ver, but for us all. We're lucky to have such a good man in such a big job.

Giving Light : | TONLIGHTENMENT always is the basic element of progress in the free life of democracy. As a contribution to this vital phase of community life, vo Lthed dist State Laymen's conference, convening here * tomorrow and Sunday, will open its forum to speakers repi panagement and agriculture. explained that the discussions will

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Fs furthering the applicationt of Chris-

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SOCIAUSECURITY ... By J. Daniel | Again and Again and—

Relief Sapping States’ Purses

"Townsend Lobbies Making

Headway on Pension Plan

WABHINGTON, May 20—The fedéral-state relief program shows the effects of Dr. Francis Townsend's lobbying. The most famous advocate of universal old age pensions has never succeeded in sellin Congress his plan for paying all old folks $200 a month in nonsavableé currency, financed out of 4 per cent tax on everybody's gross income, But by first working on the state legislatures to apply for larger federal contributions to old age relief, and then on Congress to grant the states’ requests, the Townsend lobbies have made great progress in turning the emphasis of the Social Security program away from ine surance principles. Congress has rejuggled the. cost. sharing formula to give aged on relief more money. During the session last August, our law makers found time to vote 2,489,000 elderly constituents a potential in. crease in relief,

Month Before Election

IT was timed so the first checks could be paid in October, & month before thé national election, In the general rush to do more for the aged on relief, Congress and the states have tended to neglect the second largest phase of the federal-state relief program--aid to dependent children, Some cynical federal officials here observe~-"Children don't vote.” Besides striving for larger relief checks, the Townsend lobbies are forever at work chipping away at sligibility requirements, Progréss is uneven. The District of Columbia where the people don't vote, has 47 out of every 1000 persons 65 years and over on relief. This is the smallest proportion anywhere ian the nation, It's 97 per 1000 in New York, 107 in Pennsylvania, 154 in Indiana, 193 in Ohio, 251 in California, 255 in Kentucky, 270 in Tennessee, 340 in New Mexico, 463 in Alabama, 464 In Colorado and 493 in Texas. Topping the list, Georgia has 519 out of every 1000 old folks on relief, Oklahoma has 593 and Louisiana has 791. The proportion of aged on relief is lowest in the heavily ihdustrialized states, where the proportion of jobs covered by old-age insurance is greatest, and highest in the largely rural states. Congress Mas 'never exténded the social insurance payroll tax to self-employed persons such as farmers.

Rules Made Lax

A LOUISIANA Congressman said his state's legislators discovered that if they imposed & real needs test for relief, a preponderance of the recipients would be Negroes. They made the rules lax enough 86 that anybody who doesn’t sport a diamond stickpin can get in. California is another state where the aged have to be pretty well fixed not to get relief. A state referendum rewrote the property dlause #0 that under certain circumstances a person with a net worth of $15,000 could qualify. Paying old age relief is sapping the financial stability of some states. For example, Colorado spends more on re leving het old folks than for schools. 80 the state is anxious for the passage of federal aid to education. Are the old folks lobbies happy? Father John O'Grady, who is head of the National Conference of Catholié Charities, says he doesn’t think so. Fajher O'Grady told a Cons gressional committee: : “One cannot fall t6 note that the ordinary old person who has been self-supporting ail his life is very sensitive about receiving old age assistance.”

In Tune With the Times

Barton. Rees Pogue

EN PASSANT

The day was chill and leaden gray, And bleak as one is like to find, And as I went upon my way I grumbled at it, in my mind.

I met a ragged youngster then, And just as I was passing by He looked up at me with a grin And hailed me with a friendly “Hi.”

Then I said "Hi." and “How are you?” He answered “Fine!” and went his way; I know not how it could be true, But ‘twas at once a lovely day.

I'll not forget till I am old How his brave eyes smiled into mine; Though he was ragged, he was cold— Yet he said “Hi!"—and he was “Fine!”

~~MABEL NEWMAN, Oakland City.

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EUROPEAN RECOVERY . .

ROME, May 20—American administrators of Marshall Plan aid here are doing ap excellent job, but théy cannot work the expected miracles. Péople back home who think Italy will be self-supporting on any decent basis by 1952 are going to be disappointed. So are Italians who imagine American dollars and machines are a cure-all for their ancient maladies. The $4 billion, which is our likely postwar outlay here, is & 16t. And the years which Americans are giving here, sacrificing duties and opportunities at home, seem a long time. But the money is too little and the time too short to do the Italians’ job for them or to provide lofigterm solutions.

We have hélped temporarily to stop starva- .

tion, chaos and communism. ECA is helping Italy to start modérnization reforms which can increase production and improve distribution— if she follows through.

Can't Cure All lls

BUT we can't ¢uré hér over-population, create new raw matérials and power, or tap magic gold ‘mines for the capital she needs, We can't free thé one-third of her population enslaved by illiteracy. Italy will havé to do 4 lot more for herself. Otherwise in a few years there will be little to show for the unprecedented gifts we have showered on Her. < Within these limits, U. 8. Ambassador James C. Dunn and ECA Chief James Zellérbach and their associates have 4 high batting average. The hard-working ECA, however, has the defects of its virtue. Is is starféd with success. ful American businessmen and goverment technicians, all skilled specialists. But usually such expérts can be obtained only at personal and profeskional sacrifice and on limited leave

Barbs a

IT'S UNHEALTHY to suppress a laugh, says a doctor. The same someétimes goes for laughing at the wrong Hite,

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A NEW MEXICO man lost $104 matching pennies. People who play with matches usually get burned. . ; * & & BASKETBALL has taken the place of footpall’ but, like substitutes for thé highball, it doesn’t have the same kick.

. By Ludwell Denny

U. S. Aid No Cure-all for Italy

from jobs at home. So the turnover is so fast that the best man’s potential is reduced. 3 He hardly has time to look at the strange country, much less get the feel or learn the language, before he is making complicated decisions and then rushing back to the United States. : The other major ECA weéakness—though not generally admitted—is inadequate facilities for policing the use of American aid. The alibi is that, inasmuch as aid is not directly distributed but goes to the government or through regular trade channels, there is an automatic check against waste and graft. The government doés not want to cheat itself, and neither does the Italian businessman who pay in lira fof all he gets, it is said.

Dollars Go Further

ECA'S responsibility includes intelligetit planning, co-ordination of sepafate projects, cautious approval of allocdtions, check oh specifications, plus auditing and spot-checking on end-use. By this process ECA" éfficlals have made the dollars go furthér and do more. . Primary responsibility rests with the Italian government. The U. 8. could not send an army of investigators over héré to police every project. But there still seems tgybe need for moderate increase in the stasf of American controllers and spot-checkers. The worst failure here is in expanding American aid to the people. The Italian government, press and radio are not doing enough. American officials are trying hard and probably getting better results than in most countries. But that is too little. The reason is twofold: Not enough money, staff and equipmént for publicity work, and the fact that half the Italian population eannot be réached by the usual methods.

Don't Reach All People

THE U. 8. Information Sérvice operates skillfully through press, radio, films, libraries and graphic exhibits. But all thé Italian press nd radio combined probably do not reach more than five million of the 48 million péople. * To tell 'the story to those who need it most, the Rome government and better staffed and equipped U. SB. agencies would have to carry movie screens, posters, picture papers, radios and speakers into the isolated villages. Moscow's men work the villages. But the spenders of Amefican billions here say they can’t afford to do that.

x 77 . ¥ 4“ i pam ry Hoosier Forum #1 do not agree with & word that you say, but I wil defend to the desth your Aight to sey 1." Keep letters 200 words or less on any subs fect with which you are familiar. Some letters

used will be edited but content will be pres | served, for here the People Speak in Freedom. |

Praises Kindergarten Plan By Mrs. Robert N. Juday. Ly AS an organised group of educdted women, the Indianapolis branch of the American Assos ciation of University Woien has always had as its concern the contifiual improvement and betterment of éur edutational system. Thefes fore, it is with a great deal of gatistastion on wé wish to commeénd Superin nepaugh's plan for including the kindergarten in the beginning-primary unit of the school

AAUW has worked consistently over a period of years to make this plan a reality. A year ago a survey undertaken by the Pr 001 Education Study group revealed the ihadequacies of many of the private Kindergartens and the need for including kindergartén in the public school program. We have had the oppors tunity of consulting with thé school board on this problem and our suggestions and recoms mendations have been received with considéras tion and interest. i : AAUW has worked in recent sessions of the State Legislature in the interests of permissive jegislation for state support for kindergartens, The knowledge that our years of effort have not been in vain brings us great satisfaction and the hope that the parents of our city will welcome this plan with equal enthusiasm.

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‘Enjoy Our Freedoms’ By Robert L. Gardner, 810 N. Illinois St. Answer to J. T. on our frée enterprise system: if you lived in Russia you couldn't write against communism, but under the free enters prise system of América you can say and write a8 you pléase, Our frés enterprise system is syfionymous with all the freedoms we eénjoy— free speech, freedom of religion and all the other freedoms that most Americans take for granted. Undér communism, thé individual is anteed a job, but he is a slave of the state. He is more like a machine than a human being. Opportunity in the United States is unlimited, Thé professions want and need more men évery year. The American syatem of free enterprise has given the American péople a higher standard of living than any othér peoplé in the world. If you are affaid of competition and love communism, why don’t you go to Russia? > & %

‘Injustice to Chiropractors’ By Hiram Lackéy, Martinsville, Ind. Would you fight a law that would force an editor to write a best seller novel beforé he could have thé privilege of writing editorials? Would such a law improve editorial writing? Such injustice and folly has seriously ine juréd the chiropractic profession, the sécond largest profession engaged in préventing, réliéving and curing human sicknéss. This ins jury is not surprising because in May 1, 1948 issue of the Journal of Amnericati Medical Ase sociation it admits: “The evidént original purposé of enacting basic science laws as a prerequisité for licensure was to exclude chiropractors . , . from being admittéd to licensure.” This short-sighted monopoly works a grave imjustice against chiropractors, théir patients and physicians thémselves. For if a physician needs a chiropractor, the medical profession is as powerless to help the physician as it is to help anybody else suffering from need of a chiropractic adjustmént. And when any person needs a chiropractor he needs a good chiropractor and we should have wise, just laws to make good chiropractors available-just 48 wa Have good physicians, ministérs, priests, rabbis, editors, engineérs, etc., available. Let's work for an Indiana law to permit chiropractors to

set up their own standards and license chiro-

practors by their own indépéndent board.

What Others Say—

WE (the Ku Klux Klan) have never been tried, we have fiever beéh accused and provén guilty of anything. Undér our constitution you aré supposed to bé considered innocést until proven guilty. —Df. Samuel Green, Grahd Dragon 6f the Ku Klux Klan, after that organization had beén branded by the Justice Department as subversive. ® ¢

THE proper over-all military budgét éannot be prepared without first formulating thé military consequencés of our foreign policy. It is like asking & buildér to give you cost estimates on a house without first giving him architeetural plans.=Maj. Gen. Otto I. Nelson Jr, life insurance company vieé president.

WORLD TRAVEL . . . By Marquis Childs

Tourists in Europe

SIDE GLANCES

By Galbraith

LABOR. . . By Fred W. Perkins

ot irgh's program to stress the mutual in.

WASHINGTON, May 20—Already the first wave of tourists is leaving American ports for Europe in what prophises to sweil into a record flood of travel with the first weeks of | berth in every ship and every seat in every plane have been taken for many weeks, The Department of Commerce estimates that from 250,000 to 300,000 Americans will visit Burope this year. The estimate of the European countries receiving aid from America is 375,000 American visitors, These countries are naturally hoping for as many tourist dollars as possible, since those dollars will help to get trade and money balances back nearer to the prewar normal. It is believed here that the RCA estimate is too high. The volume of European travel promises to exceed anything seen before. But the amount of money spent is not likely to equa’ the total for 1929, the year of the big boom,

Thoughtful Travelers

IN THE 20 years since thirsty Americans sailed from a prohibition-ridden America a great deal has happened. In this year's tourist crop I think there will be many more thoughtful travelers, particularly among the young, who are going abroad with a desire to know the ways of other lands and other peoples. Some are going with a specific and serious purpose. Groups of Midwestern farmers. anddr =~ wives have been going to Europe for the first time to learn at firsthand what ECA is all about. One of the most Interesting projects is that of the a cappella choir of Concordia College, Moorhead, Minn, The 59 young people in the choir, with their director, Paul J, Christiansen, will go to Norway where they are to give 31 free concerts in 35 days. They come from farms and towns in Minnesota, North Dakota ‘ Monta and 7 eosin, Most of them are grandsons granddaughters of the hardy Norwegian immigrants who pioneered in the West, Just now they are singing their way from Moorhead to New York in a series of concerts intended to help pay the cost of the hp. But each choir member is paying half of his or her own are. This seems to me to be a thrilling and wonderful thing to do. Every Norwegian audience that hears thess young peopls sing will learn a great many new things about America.

World Understanding -

THAT kind of meeting and exchange means more than an infinity of words over a propaganda radio. It is how really come to understand each other. If only there were more of this kind of cultural give-and-take instead of just a few hope. | ful examples. . The fdct is, of course, that the field of ordinary commercial travel is wide open for some enterprises with imagination and a little courage. Department of Commerce studies indicate that a great many more Americans would travel to Europe if the price tn abi rata day ar rom $3801 400 round third-class are k 2 trip for tourist or accommodations. This is higher

than before the i . i. The : ; to ong In

HOR. 1 1. 8, PAY, -

"Oh, | always tell you and Dad the truth. Mom-| know you're the kind whe find it out anyway!"

advance of de luxe staterooms. With tourist and cabin fares at $150 to $200 one way, with a discount for the round trip, many more low and middle-income families would take their first trip abroad. Air rates offer little or no competition, the round trip air rate, New York to London, being $630. When the airlines put in

| & 30 day off-season excursion rate of $466, they got a marked

pickup fn business. Perhaps the kind of coach fares that a few lines have put into effect in this country would tap a new European travel market. : : Today most Americans—at least four-fifths of all industrial workers and 97 per cent of all white-collar workers—get vacations with pay. This is a far greater number than before the war. In travel, both at home and abroad, enterprise and Initiative opportuni

hayp an exgiting field in which ty yould seem to be

y- | Wage-Hour Fight Due

WASHINGTON, May 20—The next big fight in the House on a labor subject will be ovér amending the federal wage-hour law to raise the present statutory minimum of 40 cénts an Hour and extend its coverage. . House Labor Committee leaders admit their hopes of getting the subject into floor debate within three weeks may be too optimistic, but they are sure it will precede any renewed fight over Taft-Hartley law repeal. \ A compromise wage-hour bill, which the committes approved 13 to 12 a month ago after watering down 4 more sweeping administration proposal, i8 ready to be called up. But after this committee action the Democratic members have been considering further revision to avoid some of the expected opposition. They say they don't want to go into a floor fight until all the Democratic members aré united on how much business and industrial territory the bill should cover.

Numerous Exemptions

REP; Cleveland M. Bailey (D. W. Va.), active in the harthon~ izing effort, said the bill as it stands had “much less coverage than is generally supposed.” That, he said, is because of numerous exemptions for smaller businesses, and also because the bill doés not follow the administration plan of applying wage-hour restrictions to all “activities affecting commerce.” Instead, the bill follows the present law in confining ths application to “Industries engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce.”

One of numerous confusing factors is that Rep. John Lesinsk\

which leaves wage-hour coverage as under the present law, but raises the minimum wage to 75 cents an hour. Some of his Democratic colleagues say they intend to overrule their chairman,

75-Cent Minimum

THE Democrats, according to Mr. Bailey, will be united on a 75-cent minimum, but southern members are proposing a figure as low. as 60 cents, apd some favor a sliding-scale arrangement based on living costs. “Most opposition,” the West Virginian said, “has come from employers who object to the payment of time and a half for over- | time work after 40 hours, But that is the feature most desired by organized labor-—not so much to increase the earnings of individuals but to force the spreading of employment.” All drafts of new legislation include an existing provision under which learners, apprentices and Bandicapped persons may be employed at less that the statutory rate if the employer gets a Special certificate from the wage-hour administrator. This provision has ‘used since 1946, because few even

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(D. Mich.) House Labor chairman, has just introduced a new bill’

Ble 1-INCH BRIGHT DAYLIGHT PICTURE

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