Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 May 1949 — Page 24

"ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ

: PAGE 20 Thursday, May 19, 1049

Gio TAgM ond the People Will Pins Their Own Woy

Tying ‘Our Own Hands

THE vote in the United Nations on the resolution to lift the ban against appointment of ambassadors to Spain was 26 for and 15 against. But the resolution lost, lacking four votes of the required two-thirds majority. The United States was one of 16 nations present but not voting, thus by evasion contributing to the resolutions defeat. There are many things about the Franco government which we do not like. But it does not seem right to single out one nation for the type of boycott to which Spain is being subjected. Spain is committed to a peace policy, a fact which is ‘not questioned. Franco's offense is that he was a pal of Hitler and Mussolini—before the war. But he is lilywhite in that respect compared ot Stalin, whose pact with Hitler was the signal for starting the war, and who joined Hitler in dismembering Poland after the war began.

” » » J » . IF CERTAIN other nations which have joined us in the North Atlantic Pact do not want Franco Spain as a party to that agreement, we can understand why the State Department should not insist upon it. Important as Spain would _appear to be in any arrangement for security of the Atlantic area, it is logical that such an invitation should be extended only if it is agreeable to all nations which signed the original treaty. ; An entirely different issue is involved in diplomatic relations between the United States and Spain as one nation to another. That is strictly our own business. We made a mistake by joining in the original boycott resolution as a gesture of appeasement to the Soviet bloc. And we have repeated that mistake in not yoting to lift the boycott against sending ambassadors to Spain. We have tied our hands on a matter in which we should have kept full freedom of action. 3 Our policy here is not in the interest of world peace, It is an unwarranted affront to & friendlymation.

Painful—But Wise PRESIDENT TRUMAN has shown commendably good : judgment by abandoning his effort to install Mon C. ~~ -Waligren as. chairman of th~ “ational Security Resources. It was a painful decision for Mr. Truman. He is intensely loyal to his friends—and he and Mr. Wallgren have been bosom friends since the days when they served together in the Senate. Mr..Wallgren was defeated for reelection as governor of Washington state last November, and on Feb. 3 the President nominated him for the Re- = On Mar. 15, the Senate Armed Services Committee tabled the nomination by a 7-to-8 vote. Sen. Byrd of Virginia joined mix Republicans in the majority. That fact doubtless had much to do with Mr, Truman's recent un-

. complimentary remark about Sen. Byrd.

. » » - ” ” THE PRESIDENT withdrew the nomination, at Mr. Wallgren's request. It is “unfortunate,” he said, that the committee acted as it did. And he expressed his conviction that, had Mr. Waligren's name been permitted to go before the whole Senate, the nomination would have been That may be so. Yet Sen. Byrd is by no means the only Democrat in the Senate who agrees—as we do—with the committee majority's observation that the job “requires a

petency” than Mr; Waligren. We hope Mr. Truman will now nominate such a man. The duties of the National Security Resources Board are vastly important, and its work already has been much too long handicapped by the lack of a chairman capable of di- ~ yecting it with wisdom and vigor. :

Sweat On, Taxpayers i "THREE weeks ago the U. S. Senate voted, 44 to 37, to send a $2,410,000,000 appropriation bill back to com-

The 44 included 36 Republicans, eight Democrats.

_ the Federal Security Agency. The Senate had increased its amount from $2,212,000,000 as voted by the House, Since

5 per cent cut would save only about $15,500,000.

that the Republicans might get enough help from economyminded Democrats to put through other, bigger efforts to reduce spending and balance the federal budget without a tax increase. Well, this week administration forces won a triumph, They mustered 43 votes—40 Democrats, three Republicans *~wto recall the bill from committee and cancel the order tor a 5 per cent cut. This time the: economy move was supported by only 41 Senators—nine Democrats, only 32 Republicans. Lh Of course, $15,500,000 isn't much, as government spending goes these days. But no sum, it seems, is too small for administration forces in the Senate to refuse to save.

A World Union of Free Labor

American Federation of Labor's offensive against - communism has been given real force and meaning by _ the unanimous vote of its executive council approving joint participation with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in a néw world labor body.

national nization of its kind, is a Communist front and

of the world's free trade union movements is es- , which is to be set up in Geneva under the most favorable con-

The Indianapolis Times

man of wider economic and industrial experience and com-;

mittee with orders to cut its “reducible” items 5 per cent.

The bill carries funds for the Labor Department and

PENSIONS... By James Daniel Federal Relief Costs Growing

Bill Now in Congress to Broaden Welfare Program

WASHINGTON, May 19-—The federal relief program is growing costlier day by day. Yet * the administration has a bill before Congress to broaden it into a general program for helping anyone a public welfare worker finds to be in need. The proposal for a vast expansion of relief and relief jobs has dismayed some observers. They recall that 14 years ago this country enacted its basic Social Security legislation. Our officials vowed never again would thére be a relief program such as we had in the depression. The new social insurance programs, unemployment compensation and old-age and survivors’ insurance, would—the officials sald— keep individuals from getting to the point where lesf-raking and handouts were required. Some relief would be necessary, but only until the insurance programs caught on. After that, relief would fade away. It hasn't worked out according to plan,

Expenses Increased

UNDER %Yhe name 'of public assistance, the federal relief program has grown until this year it takes two-thirds of the total federal expenditure for Social Security. The other one-third goes to the beneficiaries of old-age and survivors’ insurance, which is supported by a payroll tax upon 35 million employees and their employers. The government's “take” from this tax amounts. to $1,800,000,000 this year. Technically, Congress finances the federal share of the relief program out of general revenues, and the annual surplus from insurance contributions is put into a sinking fund for paying out benefits later. However, some observers believe a more accurate view of the complicated financing arrangement is that the insurance contributions are financing both the insurance and the relief programs. For a time it appeared that relief would make the graceful exit predicted.

Heats, b ar pr people on relief. But since ng » the rolis have back that old 1933 look. . ” From $439 million in 1946, the federal relief bill has climbed above $1 billion this year. It will be at least $1.5 billion next year, and indications are that we may be spending $3 billion for relief by 1955. These are federal figures. The state and locdl contributions are proportionately up. Why is relief growing costlier all the time?

Relief Is Hardy Plant

a SOME experts say the inflation in living conts after price controls were removed was a factor. Others believe that once Congress had provided a way for the state and local welfare departments to cash blank checks on the federal treasury, a steady increase was inevitable. - As far as Uncle Sam is concerned, the federal-state relief program is an open-end contract. Any state can put as many of its people on relief as it wishes, and Congress has obligated the federal government to help pay their relief checks. i Whatever the cause, relief is a hardy plant. Business storms affect it not. Under the bright sun of prosperity, It grew like a vine. And now that there is a slight cloud on the horizon; it is shooting out new tendrils, If we get into : Sepramon, nobody knows how big. it will Apparently with that in mind, the Federal Security Agency's pending relief bill asks Congress to approve a training program directed by Washington which will teach state and local welfare workers how to subsidize the income of any person who is at or below the . margin of self-support.

In Tune With the Times

Barton Rees Pogue

CONVERSATION WITH A SPARROW

I found him fluttering on the ground, A fledgling sparrow, not quite strong Enough to fly, and still earth-bound, He chirped a pleading, helpless song.

I said: “You'll have to learn to fly— An enemy might soon appear.” He chirped the louder, until 1 Said simply, “Fly and do not fear.”

I know not if he understood— He spread his wings as if made free, And vanished in the leafy wood, But left this memory with me.

~Margaret E. Bruner.

Health Troubles

from England.

the other by a senior nurse.

of day-to-day operations of a large hospital

war, with almost all wages above the relief level and servicemen sending home pay allot-

SOCIALIZED MEDICINE . . . By Charles T. Lucey

WASHINGTON, May 19—Serious questions as to the working of Britain's new national health plan are raised in two letters

One was written by an experienced hospital administrator, The administrator wrote on broad policy questions involved, the nurse wrote as one who had a party

a s

7 ®

Says the Pot About the Kettle —-

* WE AINT LETTIN' NO (CTATORS ) (N QUR ce!

ROME, May 190—A Communist or Fascist comeback in Italy is possible if the democratic coalition government fails to improve condition for the desperately poor population. American aid and Prime Minister De Gasperi's election promises still sustain public hope. But there is growing impatience. De Gasperi’s political experts tell him the Christian Democratic Party is less popular than when it polled a majority in the national election last year. This does not mean that the Reds are more popular, At least not yet. They have fared worse in some of the provincial elections recently than in the national ballot. The government estimates their loss as about one-fourth, though they control many Italian cities. Nor is there any sign that smaller minority parties are growing much. * Rather the situation is one of popular uncertainty and therefore it is politically fluid. The general attitude is negative. Those who t otherwise swing to the Communists don't like the foreign rule, Those who occasionally ask whether fascism might not have worked after all, if Mussolini hadn't fallen in with Hitler, can't stand the crackpot Fascist fringe of today. :

Lack of Discipline : THIS public temper is reflected also in lack of party discipline. Among the Communists only the professionals respond completely. Neither the Left Socialist 1dader, Nenni, nor the Right Socialist leader, Saragat, has control over his party.” In the Christian Democratic Party a so-called left wing is jeopardizing unity. There is more danger in all this for De Gasperi than for the other parties, because the coalition rests on the Christian Democratic majority. Without discipline, De Gasperi cannot drive through his pledged land and tax refarms, and will lose more public support. The essential weakness of the government, which outwardly appears so strong, is that the Christian Democrats are themselves more nearly a coalition of convenience than a party in the strict sense. Russia drove anti-Com-munists of all kinds into a temporary unity. Monarchists and Republicans, ex-Fascists and anti-Fascists, Clericals and anti-Clericals, Capitalists. and Socialists, large landowners and agrarian reformers, friends of America and enemies, who voted Christian Democrat, now tend to seek their separate levels. So far perhaps as much as 60 per cent of

SIDE GLANCES

under the health

EUROPEAN RECOVERY . . . Italian Regime Losing Ground

By Ludwell Denny

the party goes along with De Gasperl without question. The left wing leader is Gronchi, president of the Chamber of Deputies, with perhaps 20 per cent, which is matched by a similar number of conservaties.

Split Prevented

A SERIOUS split has been prevented by the clever balancing of De Gasperi, by the patience of Gromchi and by the fact that the conservatives have no place to go as yet. No faction is going to walk out as long as it has any chance of capturing the party which controls the government—which is the receiver of American aid, among other things. De Gasperi is clearly the astutest -politician, and probably also the best executive, of the lot. Though sincere and honest, he is not a great statesman. He may déVelop into ond however. The next strongest man in the cabinet is Interior Minister Seelba. He is a Sicilian lawyer ‘widely respected for putting down Red disorders. Foreign Minister Sforza, an able but aged statesman, is an independent without political. following. ; With De Gasperi moving toward the left on land and tax reform ‘to hold the younger group of his own party, and to keep the Republicans and Saragat Socialists in the coalition, any split probably will come from the conservaties, They always have fared well in Italy. Under apy fom of government the large landownersi’have kept their estates and big industrialists their monopolies. They went along with Mussolini and prospered. They went along with De Gasperi as the best bet against communism, but now they are not so sure.

Nationalism Growing

THERE is a popular wave the conservaties can ride if and when they decide on a new party, Extreme nationalism is growing. There is open hostility toward Britain, and considerable suspicion of America. So a Nationalist Party, backed by conserva-

‘tive money and welcomed by “respectable”: ex-:

Fascists, eventually may appear—perhaps under liberal titles and colors. Neither Monarchists nor Fascists, who together poled only 4 per cent of the vote in the last election, can get very far at present under their own names, But the present democratic government cannot rest simply on superb police and American aid. Unless it can hold the loyalty of a population totalitarianism in some form may return here.

“Hoosier Forum

“1 do not agree with a word that you say, but |

wil defend to the death your right fo say i."

Koop letters 200 words or less ou any sub "used will be edited but contest will be pre. served, for here the People Speak in Freedom: ‘Program Is Inflationary’ By C. D. C., Terre Haute You can always depend on it that

when

“an economist makes a public statement it is

sugar-coated for the benefit of whomever pays his salary, be it business, labor or the government, : : That is why confusing terms such as “disinflation,” “seasonal adjustments,” “healthy readjustment,” etc., should be swallowed with a grain of salt. The facts are relief rolls are getting larger and unemployment lines longer. Mr. Truman is still asking for powers to curb inflation when, as a matter of fact, his own program is inflationary. Farm aid, housing, extended social security, minimum wages, repeal of the Taft-Hartley, Law and free medical care are all inflationary. AS a matter of fact, inflation i& not caused by too much money but by too much money going into the hands of people who have no conception of its value. ; Furthermore, price controls will not prevent inflation because people who are habitual spenders will spend it for something, regardless of controls, : There is no indication at present that the wartime spenders will ride the gravy train again, soon, unless we should have another War. :

; That is why there seems to be no reason for Congress to give Mr. Truman these extraordinary powers. ® ¢

Favors Kindergartens By Emelin R. Steldt, 708 Bungalow Court . It was with great pleasure that I read of School Superintendent Stinebaugh’s announcement of conferences to be held in each schoo} district on May 17 or 19. As a mother of two young boys I wish to support and applaud this first step towards solving the problem of eventually having kindergartens in the public schools. Sd These conferences offer the opporunity to every mother cf pre-school children to become familiar with the problems of her own school district. It is her duty to voice her approval of the Free Kindergarten Society's excellent standards and staff and to see how soon the incorporating of this vital educational service can be accomplished in her school district. Too few of us realize that kindergartens constitute the initial unit of the primary school, and records of children’s growth should begin at this time. Come on, mothers, let's tell our superintendent and principals ‘that we support their highly progressive efforts to provide. the best educational program for our children that is possible, \ * ¢

‘No Eastern Time Here' By G. F. Lee, 4050 Cornelius Ave, In a recent article, “Grocer’s Wife” of Crawfordsville states she can think of many reasons why the state of Indiana should have Eastern Time permanently. Apparently she had a hard time thinking of her first reason, for she failed’ to give any. ; : I can think of several good reasons why In diana should not have Eastern Time. For one, , Eastern Time is for the eastern states, and Indians is not an eastern state but a central state. Therefore, it should have Central Time, Makes sense, doesn’t it? : I'll still take that extra cool hour of sleep in the morning in preference to that extra hot hour in the evening when sleep is impossible.

What Others Say— |

ALTHOUGH I have retired as president, 1 feel that as a private citizen I cannot Jightly disregard my responsibility as a citizen when our country is faced with danger and our peo-

Kai-shek. » & ¢ I FEEL like the hound-dog that was shot after it caught a rabbit.—Maj. Gen. Lewis B., Hershey, Selective Service director, commenting on a House cut In selective service appropristions. - * ¢ 9

THE people of Furope may rest assured that this government will agree to no arrangements concerning Germany which do not protect the security interests of the European come MunHy ~eSecrgiary of State Dean Acheson. * ¢

WHEN you are in love with a person you don’t care whether they are red or green. Love knows no bounds.—Archibald ‘Palmer, defense attorney for Judith Coplon, admitting her ate tachment for Valentin Gubitchev, Russian eme

By Galbraith

ployee of the UN,

ATOM SECRETS . . . By Marquis Childs Freedom of Science

WASHINGTON, May 19—That satanic genius, Adolf Hitler, predicted as the flames of his funeral pyre were beginning to leap up’ that the victory of the Western democracies would be an empty one, state they professed to loathe. In 1945 only a gloomy prophet would have suggested that

They would become, said Hitler, like the Nazi

ple are on the brink of disaster.~~Chlang -

most of its items are fixed by law, and not “reducible,” a

BUT that 44-to-37 vote was hailed as hopeful evidence -

The World Federation of Trade Unions, the only inter-

lan. ) Pp “Basically,” the administrator wrote, “the principle of the act—a comprehensive health service for the nation—is as sound as ever, but the practical application of the principle leaves much to be desired. The trouble is caused by the fact that the act was rushed through without sufficient thought being given all its possible implications,

Rush for Services

“THE first thing that happened . ., was a rush by the publie to obtain the services the act laid down, But these just did not exist. The greatest demand was for ophthalmic (eye) treatment and spectacles and for dental treatment and artificial teeth. It ws soon evident a considerable number of people had waited for the ‘appointed day’ and then demanded the services. Their view was that they were paying for it and they were going to have it. “A special feature of the act was the provision of health centers. These no doubt will come in time, but so far not one exists ~hence doctors’ surgeries are also overrun, “Administratively, matters are proceeding more quietly although here there is an appreciable amount of friction due to a change in the relationship between the secretaries of the hospitals and the new management committees. . . . Divided authority and responsibility always causes friction. “One of the greatest objections raised against the service is the waste of time in getting decisions from the central authorities. Everything has to be referred to the next higher authority. “What I have mentioned may, after all, be merely ‘growing pains’ which may disappear as time goes on. . . . It is much too early to pass judgment. The only thing one can say is that the service has not started too well, Politics play too big a part in the service and this is not helping matters.”

Keeping the Rules THIS letter also commented that “I am much afraid the hospitals are going to consider administrative efMciency and keeping with the rules as being of far greater importance than personal attention to the patient.” u The nurse wrote, in part “To put it briefly, since nationalization came into force July 5, 1948, the work in all departments has been ‘more than trebled and it is already beyond the scope of existing staff and facilities. As always, the privilege of free treatment ‘has been grossly abused, People with next to nothing the matter—a scratch on the finger that requires a magnifying glass to find—come rushing to the out-patient department. . . . If they had to pay two shillings and nce or five shillings as in the old days they wouldn't this of coming. :

ala bave ta Wal their turn fox four of. iva hours.

£1

SOMA, 1940 BY NRA "All this stuff about boys in my last year's diary—we certainly . were silly when we were kids!"

“The secretarial work for the ward sisters and heads of departments like myself has increased beyond ia joke. Endless forms, always in triplicate, must be filled in. Reports weekly and monthly and yearly must be sent to this or that committee, . . . | As I and my one assistant do an average of 250 physiotherapy treatments a week, this is rapidly becoming a nightmare. “I have talked with a number of our doctors on nationalization. Our senior surgeon, a quiet, intelligent man, who works day # and night if necessary, said that he thinks the new scheme will make an entirely. different type of doctor. The old individual type who studied medicine and worked his own way for the love of it will be gone, and his place will be taken by the mass-production

blacked out in the

The hospital administrator's letter was gritten in’ February, nurse's letter in April, sist |

» ns . 0 \ Si

less than four years after the war's end it would be seriously proposed that young science students receiving fellowships out of federal funds be investigated by the FBI for their political beliefs. But that is what is happening. The most thorough investigation for any scientist engaged on secret research for the Atomic Energy Commission everyone would agree to. The scholarships awarded by the National Research Council, out of commission funds, are not in that cate. gory. One of those scholarships went to Hans Freistadt, a student in physics at the University of North Carolina and 8 Communist. ’

Free Inquiry IN THE reaction to the Freistadt fellowship are attitudes that reflect the totalitarian approach to science and the right of free inquiry, First is the attitude of the well-meaning individual who says, “Well, why give anyone any training with

government funds if he is a Communist and if, therefore, he can never be cleared for secret work?” Ti

Only one step beyond this attitude is the plain implication that all scientific inquiry must be harnessed to the practical needs of government, It ignores the vast field of pure research that has nothing to do with the practical aims of the Atomie Energy Commission. ‘ Out of pure research most of the great discoveries have come. The boundaries of this field are not marked by politics, race or religion. When Italian fascism and German naziism drove out Einstein, Fermi, Lisa Meitner and others, ‘they destroyed science 4nd {Eeparably injured their hope of triumph in a scientifie world.

Lack of Faith

WHAT this seems to me to reflect is a pathetic lack of faith in the strength and vitality of our own way of life. Is Hans Freistadt, aged 23, a naturalized American with a European background, committed to communism for life? Isn't it possible that when he learns more about our system and its rewards and satisfactions, including even scholarships for those who hold alien political beliefs, he will give up communism? J The right of fi scientific inquiry has long since been et Union. A few politicians holding absolute power dictate what scientists in Russia must think and say.

To ‘make ourselves pver in the image of the totalitarian

state is to admit defgat; to close the dbor on the last best hope of earth, - . :

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