Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 May 1949 — Page 16

"PAGE 14

Spain Today—No. 4

Ekes Out Meager Living From Soil

E OF THE BULL, Avila Province, Spain, May 19— You climb up a rocky street, too narrow and steep for a car. You plaster yourself against a wall while a man with a cart pulled by two great bullocks toils by. “Buenos dias, Senores,” he says. You turn a corner and climb a few steps, and you come to the home of Don Lorenzo Hernandez ¥ Campesino. It is a low stone house, with a tiny courtyard inclosed by a stone wall and a gate. In the courtyard there is a chicken coop and a pen for two pigs, and a pile of firewood. The pigs and the chickens scurry around exictedly, running over your. feet. Lon Lorenzo holds the gate open for you. He is a little man, with a silvery stubble of whiskers, He wears an old felt hat. His! eyes are kindly, and wrinkled from years of work in the sunny fields. He is 78 years old. He

living from the rocky soil. It is

{The kitchen lighted by the flick-

Village of the Bull—-Villa Toro in BSpanish—and scratch their

living. There is not much in it, nor money for luxuries, Lorenzo called his family out to the yard. His wife, Euloand his son, Florentino, and is daughter, Maria, and his little grandson, Alejandro — named after Don Lorenzo's oldest boy, who was killed in the Civil War. There was son Rufio’s wife, and her baby. Don Lorenzo's own wife, mother of four sons and two daughters, looked older than he. “8he is 50,” he said. Women 2g. quickly on the farms of P

"8 HE INVITED me into the house. There was a long, low stone corridor. On the left was the kitchen. An open fireplace, with a great brick chimney. overhead. Pegs in the chimney walls, for smoking meat, A bare stone floor. Walls blackened with soot from the fireplace. No windows.

ering embers on the hearth. No water.

To the right, the living room.

a religious lithograph. bureau, two Kewpie dolls. we ” the table. Overhead, a single electric bulb, hanging on a wire, Don Lorenzo asked tor Joud and wine. The women get it, chattering to each od de and mothering the two babies. By Spanish standards, Don Lorenzo is well off. He owns some land, as few farmers do. His daughter, Esmerelda, works for an American in Madrid. She sends home a lot of money. Sometimes as much as a thousand pesetas (840) in a year. Don Lorenzo saves the money she sends, and when he sees a good chance he buys a little land with it. Esmerelda makes almost $20 a month in’ Madrid. » ” - NOW HE OWNS 75 acres, and two pigs, five chickens, and four cows. There are 15 mouths to feed in his family, He and his three sons have divided the land between them and they work it together. In 37 years, Don Lorenzo earned and saved enough to buy

shrugged. Senor.”

in all.

“We are worse

s ” ALL OF Don Lorenzo's sons served in the army, as all young men must do in Spain.

How was the life?

And

Daughter Maria broke in,

just work, and go to bed.”

“We

Poorly Fed Mr. Spain Leads A Really Troubled Life

heavy taxes—2000 pesetas a year for himself, and 2000 for each of his sons, or $320

off than 20 years ago,” he says. “Taxes go up to the sky. We can keep nothing for ourselves. We

have barely enough to live.”

Florentino “It is an obligation,

lite for Don Lorenzo? “There is too much work, for us, and too little to eat.”

What do you think of America,

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things like “democracy” or “civil! rights.”

“Harry 8. Truman, senor? No, we have never heard of him. The Marshall Plan? t is that? President Roosevell” guess he must have been presis dent of something, but I do not know what.” Three-year-old Alejandro came; over and put his chin on the edge of the table and looked up at us. What will Alejandro do, when he grows up? “He will work on the farm|

bl g -

the 75 acres. Also, he farms other lagd which belongs to the church.

The walls neatly whitewashed, the floor clean as a pin. A table fs 8 = and four chairs.’ On the center e raises wheat, barley, rye, TWO-THIRDS of the Spanishiof the table, a huge, brightly

and beans. Last year he had to people live in little towns like the colored | china hen, On each wall, turn ir in all his 5 rye and beans to

Don Lorenzo? “I don’t know any-|‘like me,’ ” said Florentino. “Like| thing about such things, senor.|all of us. What is there for him Here, we live in our little village.|to do?” There are 300 heads of families "8 8

\d_beans to'living here here in In Villa Tore Toro. The MARIA brought in a platter of

might be Mr. Spain.

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fried eggs and some home-made bread and some wine. Rufio's wife brought a big tray of home- | cured sausage and ham. I did not | want to eat the food, because I|

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the table his rough farmer hands filled my plate overflowing with eggs, sausage, and ham. “Eat well, Senor, eat well. You are my guest.” Mr. Spain.

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