Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 May 1949 — Page 16

e -- W. MANS Manager

} PAGE 16 Wednesday, May 4, 1948 : Owned and lished da! oy nda Times Publish. pol Ch, ST , 3 aunty, cents 8 dally ER dally Sunday, $7.50 & year, daily, $5.00 a year, Sunday BB AE ARN bay “5 0 Telephone Riley 6851 gas oy hs Give IAght ang the People Wii Nana Ther Ova Wey

' They Asked for It J ATE yesterday the House of Representatives ; L roll eall, 217 to 203, to substitate the a Bill for the administration's bill to repeal the Taft-Hartley ~ Act and restore an “improved” Wagner Act. ~~ This is described, accurately, as a smashing defeat for the administration and the labor-union leaders. \ Today, in a desperate effort to prevent final passage . of the Wood Bill, they forced the whole question of labor % legislation back to committee for “further study.” - That won't mean eventual House passage of the ad- - ministration bill. It may mean no new labor legislation in . this session of Congress—which would leave Taft-Hartley . on the books—unless the Senate later passes a measure

OWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY hs : Editor Business

> -

+ that can win the support of a House majority. ¢ f 8 a z . s 8 : : ~~ PRESIDENT TRUMAN, the union leaders and Demo ; cratic Congressmen who say they are friends of labor : brought this defeat upon themselves. Sg ¢ The union leaders—William Green, Philip Murray, John ..L, Lewis, et alli—have always objected to any law not ' loaded in their favor, always opposed legal safeguards on - their use and abuse of power, always fought proposals for ; legislation to protect the rights of individual workers, emi ployers and the public." : Theirs has been the same purhlind attitude assumed by + leaders of finance and industry in the years when they were * riding high—and bringing down upon themselves the New Mr. Truman, having incurred political debts to CIO and AFL leaders, attempted to drive legislation completely satisfactory to them through a Congress in which many members found it thoroughly unsatisfactory. : And “pro-labor” Democrats rubber-stamped the administration bill in House and Senate comniittees, refused to consider reasonable suggestions for corsecting its bias, and then tried to force it to passage by an unwilling and resentful House. : f« = » 8 8 9 ~ AT THE last minute, Speaker Rayburn tried to save something from the wreckage by sponsoring a Sompraize measure, which proved too late and too little. And William (Green protested even against that much yielding. The Wood Bill, supported on the roll-call vote by 146 Republicans and 71 Democrats, most of them Southerners, is not “worse than Taft-Hartley,” as the union leaders

Hartley Act itself, of course, is not the “slavery law" that the union leaders have tried to make the country believe, It has many more merits than defects. : But passage of a better, fairer law than the TaftHartley Act is; or than the Wood Bill would be, could have been assured if Mr. Truman, the union leaders and their “friends” in Congress had been more reasonable. Passage of such a law might be assured even now, if they would submerge their own selfish interests and put the public interest first.

Spending in the Dark HREE years ago Congress passed a law by which it re7 quired itself to adopt each year a legislative budget. The idea was simple and sound. Early in each regular session the appropriating and taxing committees of the House and the Senate were to estimate, as closely as possible, the probable amount of government revenue for the next fiscal year. : : Then Congress was to fix this amount as a “ceiling” on spending for that year. : Or, if the ceiling proved too low to cover prospective spending, Congress was to resolve either to vote higher taxes or increase the national debt. The theory was that, rather than admit and face the necessity of boosting taxes or incurring more debt, Congress would make a great effort to cut down spending proposals. " * » » 4 ” ONE YEAR the House and the Senate couldn't agree on spending and revenue estimates. The next year, they adopted estimates, which soon proved so wrong that no move attention was paid to them. This year they decided that Feb. 15—the date fixed by law for adopting a legislative budget—was too early. So

... charge. It contains many modifying concessions. The Taft- |

they set a new date, May 1. That date has now come and gone, and no legislative

cratic leaders in Congress have decided to suspend the legal requirement. Sen. McKellar of Tennessee has introduced a resolution for that purpose. “It is very important,” says the Senator, “that we have

step to live within our means, to avoid appropriating more maney than we expect to receive or do receive from the tax-

get would be of great value.” ! But, the Senator adds, the law doesn't provide for the

act upon mere guesses.” For the right kind, Congress must have “experts, men

suspend the requirement and “undertake, after further reSearch. bo adopt a legislative budget plan that will be eftive." .

a ag « uw IN THREE years, Congress might have corrected whatever ls faulty in the present law. It might have hired enough experts to get the facts necessary for intelligent action. It has not done these things. : + So this year, as usual, ié will vote a lot of appropriations with no clear idea whether there's going to be enough revenug fo pay the billa. It may, after voting them, try to cut + them 5 per cent or #0. But that's far from certain. : What is certain is that Congress will be spending in the

bankruptcy, sure apd swift, for any private busi-

budget has been adopted. None, apparently, will be. Demo- ~

a legislative budget, especially in these days, when it is necessary to conserve our resources. We should take every |

-payers of the nation in any one year. Such a legislative bud- | right kind of legislative budget. It's too vague—‘we cannot

who conduct research and furnish the facts on which the | Senate and the House can act.” So there's nothing to do but |

FOREIGNERS ... By Roger Stuart

he Indianapolis Times

Aliens Flood U. S. Unchecked

Uncle Sam Doesn't Know Where Thousands of Them Are

WASHINGTON, May 4—Thousands of aliens are in the United States {llegally and immigration officials have no adequate method of check ing on them, The truth of this charge, repeatedly made In Congress, is conceded by Afty. Gen. Tom Clark. As head of the Justice Department he is boss of the Immigration and Naturalization Service. “The that worries me,” Mr. Clark told a congressional committee, “is that we do not seem have a check on ‘every person who comes into the United States. We do not know where they are Meanwhile, thousands of foreigners who were in the country as long ago as 1040, when the Alen registration act was adopted, remain to be investigated. . Early this year, Mr. Clark ordered more people to New York to check on 55, 000 uninvestigated cases in that area. Prodded by the attorney general, immigration officials three mopths ago developed a technique which, they assured Congress, would make it possible for the service to know where any alien is at all times. But officials now admit they don't know. the whereabouts of at least 18,000 temporary foreign visitors who have overstayed their leave.’ :

Half Million a Year

TEMPORARY visitors now entering the country at an annual rate of approximately 500,000 include merchants, students, transit passengers and others. Each is required to fill out three coples of a small card. This carries the address where ithe registrant is supposed to be found while in the country. One copy of the card is retained by the visitor. The second goes to the immigration district (there are 16 in the country) in which the alien has indicated he will visit. The third is sent to headquarters in Washington, Assume the visitor's original entry permit let him stay in the United States six months, He is free to come and go a8 he pleases during that time. At the end of the peried, the district director is supposed to check -on him, advise him his time is up, and ask him to leave the country. If, however, the allen is rot at the address

“listed an his card, the district director notifies

Washington. Investigators then are supposed to be assigned to check on the case.

Overstay Their Leave

IMMIGRATION officials said today that 96 r cent of all allens who legally visit the nited States comply with regulations and leave when they're supposed to. But the four per cent who total about 20,000 overstay their leave. The United States currently is admitting approximately 200,000 permanent-resident immigrants a year. Nearly half of these are aliens from Buropzan quota countries. The rest are non-quota immigrants including persons from western hemisphere countries and wives ‘and children of citizens. , Once these permanent-resident immigrants arrive, they are as free to move about as citisens, There is no check on them. Moreover, millions of foreigners are permitted to cross American borders regularly. These include travelers to and from Mexico and Canada. The total this year, officials estimate, will amount to 86 million. Last year port and border -authorities recorded 78- million,

In Tune With the Times

Barton Rees Pogue

WHEN THE MAPLE TREES ARE BUDDIN'

I kin sort o’ feel the presence Q' the tender tech o’ spring Kind o’ slippin’ th'ough the essence O' the songs the sparrows sing, An’ my heart leaps up so sudden, Like the purest lily cup, When the maple trees are buddin’, An’ the sap’s a-goin’ up.

I kin hear the red bird whistle Up in yander ellum tres, Jes’ as keen as any thistle Thet has ever punchured me--Oh, by jabers, I could holler, An’ jes’ clap my hands an’ shout When ol' springtime starts to waller Th'ough the maples, buddin’ out.

They ain't nothin’ quite so techin’ Fer the human eye to see As the fields o’ clover stretchin’ Purt’ nigh to eternity, Whare the zephyrs air a-scuddin’ All around the lovin’ cup, When the maple trees are buddin’, An’ the sap's a-goin' up. ~—MARVIN T. JOLLY, Seymour.

| April Showers Bring M

ay Flowers

PUBLICATIONS . .

How Much Does

WASHINGTON, May 4—After you print it, how can you get ‘em to read it? That, in a nutshell, is the biggegt problem in editing a newspaper. It also keeps magazine and book publishers worrying. And it is the chief question in the advertising field. The Census Bureau says ail except 2.7 per cent of our people now are able to read. But surveys show that half of them don’t do so beyond the bare essentials of life. They can’t escape reading signs on streets, names on packages and other simple matter which surrounds them in a world of printed words. Plus perhaps some Comics, ball scores and headlines. But millions never read in the sense of a sustained perusal of printed material. Schools teach reading, but seem to fail in instilling a desire to read. «a Yet daily and S8unday newspaper circulations reached an all-time high in 1948. Sales of the dailies averaged more than 52 million copies by the year's end. Each week more than 46 million Sunday papers were sold. This nation probably has more magazines than the rest of the world together. We are the world’s greatest buyers of books, and libraries are struggilng to meet the demands from their limited revenues.

Lot of Reading

THERE is a minority of Americans which does a lot of reading. It probably is the same minority which manages to get ahead in life, pay most of the taxes and get credit for having most of the luck, There are many others who buy newspapers and some other reading material, but whose actual reading of them is scanty. They are the people that the editor is always after. Shop talk among newspapermen invariably gets around to ways and means of getting them to read more. And particularly to read what they “ought” to read. # There is an amazing lack of popular interest in matters which most directly and vitally affect the individual—his government, his job, his wages and taxes, the prices he pays and all the other items that determine what kind of life he lives. Many folk think the solution to this question of more “worthwhile” reading is to put only important news on Page 1-—which, of course,

means some individual's judgment as to importance. Others would just leave out anything

. By E. T. Leech

Public Read?

trivial, such as comics, sports and entertainment. Many attempts of this kind have been made. The journalistic cemeteries are filled with the remains of publications which tried to make people Fi what the editor thought they ought to rea

Must Give Entertainment 80 the mass publications have found they must give a lot of entertainment along with the information. Comics, of course, are the prime example—also the chief whipping boy—of this side of the press. They are printed in the hope

that those they secure may be lured into reading something else. This luring, or catching-them-unaware, process has worked pretty well. For over the years,

~ a8 the entertainment side of newspapers grew, .

there also has been an undeniable growth and broadening of the public's appetite for the more solid type of news. It is reflected in the large volume of national and world-wide news stories

in many fields largely ignored 30 years ago. It |

is shown also by the demand for periodicals and books as sources of additional information. _» But there is still a big job to be done with half or more of the American people who are still virtually nonreaders, although literate, And now comes a new bugaboo. There is wide speculation that television will play havoc with reading. .Recently I attended a meeting of newspaper circulation managers and one of their topics was how to sell papers to people who spend their spare hours watching television. It is worrying other publishers and other businesses. For you can't watch television and do anything else. .

Sethack for Reading

THE worst fears probably will prove to be exaggerated. But there is a good chance that reading will get a genuine setback. And that may have very serious results—mnot just for publishers, but for the nation. ' . : We live in a world so complex, under political and business conditions so delicate and difficult, that observation no longer can meet the requirements of citizenship. Only by reading can any man acquire real understanding of what's going on. k : If television or any other entertainment seriously cuts into reading time, our troubles will grow and our chances of solving them decline.

| Hoosier Forum

wil defend to the death your right fo say oe

-_—

there is a big flurry in the United a RO par Spain from the Atiantie Pact, her Plan aid.

es his post, the Red radicals, an~ chists A. dynamite-slingers, of which Spain has more than her quota, would take Spain over and hand the Mediterranean over to Red Russia. 3 . za Tr 1t body can handle those rats, Fran0 car has kept Spain as quiet as a churchFranco could have stopped us in eur landing in North Africa—could have given Hitler permission to enter Spain and take Gibraltar from the rear. ¥ Franco was not duly elected. Neither was Joe Stalin. Joe's name was the only name on the ticket that elected him, and that was fraud if ever there was fraud. Yet we recognized Russia, : Personally, I would not approve of pur reco nizing Spain, but we must give Spain Ma Plan aid. There is not the least doubt that Franco would co-operate with us and with nae tions in the Atlantic Pact, and would give us -all the help and consessions we desired in Spain to keep those Red rats from taking Spain and giving them bases in the Mediterranean.

Only the Reds in the United Nations are raising a cry about Franco, and that seems to be influencing some of our Senators and Congressmen.

Even if we don't liké Franco, we should Keep a warm place in our hearts for Spain. ® % 9

‘Housing Plan Costly" By Thomas B. Sutton. It would a that if one is not a member of a labor Wn oF on the pay roll of the gove ernment, he is classed as a capitalist, Since the early settlers landed on Plymouth Rock home owners have been termed the backbone of our nation. But Washington is about to decree that the building of one-family homes must stop. If we had been told a few years ago before Socialism became entrenched in our way of life that we could not build a new home during peacetime we would have made an awful howl, But only a short time ago, Housing Expediter Woods in effect told the Senate Economic Comsmittee that building of single-family homes would be stopped because, of the lack of manpower and material to put into operation the proposed public housing program, and there wasn’t a ripple heard from the rugged individualist. In fact, I doubt whether many people even read the housing expediter’s statement in the newspapers. If you have not taken time from your busi. ness to keep informed on the latest socialistic move sponsored by the administration and the labor union leaders, write your representative or senator for Senate Bill 8 1070 or it's House companion. bill. Public hearings are in progress on this compromise bill which will cost the taxpayers $15,632,500,000, besides the loss of real estate taxes and the extra local taxes for pro- \ schools, fire and police protection and “other public facilities.

‘What Others Say—

WE must make it plain that we recognize - the right of a -freg people to freely choose coms munism if they do desire. It is as a tool of conquest that we should oppose communism out. side of our own country.

—Sen. Ralph Flanders (R) of Vermont. ¢ ¢

PRICES are declining, unemployment is ine creasing, and we may be headed for a violent economic shakedown.—Rep. Lawrence H. Smith (R) of Wisconsin. ® % 9

DON'T spit in the well. You may have to drink water from it.-—-Soviet d ate Andrel Gromyko, opposing weakening of the veto power in the UN. ®¢ ¢ o

THERE is nothing of any less value than a spare tire until you need it. But when you need a spare tire, nothing else can take its place.—Sen. Estes Kefauver (D), advocating a TVA steam plant to supplement existing power facilities,

WORLD AFFAIRS . . . By William Philip Simms

Another Red Trap?

WASHINGTON, May 4-—London, Paris and Washington are agreed that the outcome of the proposed Big Four conference on Germany will depend on what happens to the Atlantic Pact. If promptly and adequately implemented, the pact may induce

SIDE GLANCES

By Galbraith

U. S. TRUSTEESHIP . . . By Jim G. Lucas

Report on Pacific

WASHINGTON, May 4—Uncle Sam's use of Japan's old island empire for atom bomb tests may come under Rusdsian attack in the United Nations next month, The United Nation's Trusteeship Council meets June 15. It

conducting the nation's fiscal affaire in a way that

Russia to listen to reason regarding Western Europe and even

live up to her pledges. If it isn’t so implemented, Russia may be gounted on to agree to whatever promise is needed to get the Allies out of Germany. Then she would go “hack on that promise as she hes on dozens of others. 3 Speaking in Kansas. heart of the Middle West, former Republican Standard-Bearer Alf M. Landon said: “The Russians don't fool very easily. They aren't kidded by a plece of paper. The pact is more than that, of course, but without an arms program it isn't much. Therefore, we have to provide arms some way--not only for ourselves, but our allies.”

Grab for Power

RUSSIA'S primary objective at the proposed conference will be to establish a unified Germany in Berlin and get rid of the occupation, The Kremlin is confident, if that is done, a powerfully organized, ruthless Communist minority soon can grab the power as was done in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and elsewhere behind the Iron Curfain. Then it would be too late for the United States, Britain and France to protest--unless, that is, they were prepared te go to the mat on the issue. That is to say, go to war, Russia aims first merely at another “Weimar Republic.” Step by step, Hitler gradually undermined that republic. And while none of the former allies exactly liked what was going on, they were never able to decide that the time had come to intervene with a “preventive war.” If France and England hesitated to act then, when only Germany had to be ‘considered, how much mare reluctant they—and the United States—would be today with Russia backing up Germany. The difficulty at any new Big Four parley would be that even what looked like a reasonable settlement might well prove to be Just another Soviet trap.

Made ir Moscow AMERICA and Britian unhesitatingly yielded to Russia on

Poland when Moacow promised “free and unfettered elections,” - No such elections were ever held. Instead, Russia sent to War |

saw a “government” made in Moscow. Austria, Russia agreed, was to be liberated as Hitler's “first victim.” Nearly four years of dickering with Moscow finds Austria still occupied, stripped by Russia of most of her wealth though she is, The United States and Britain helped to liberate Czechoslovakia from Nazi Germany only to see her taken over instead by the Soviet Union, ; " No sooner had Britain, America and Russia signed treaties

COPA. 1940 BY NEA SERVICE. ING. T. ML REG. U. §, PAT. OFF.

"Of course, | simply reek for hours, but it tames down eventually!"

with Hungary than a Moscow-trained fifth column seized power, violated those treaties and thumbed its nose at British and Amertcan protests, and so on. Russia notoriously has failed to keep her pl s, from the Atlantic Charter, Moscow agreements, and Yalta on down to Potsdam and after, Whatever is done at the proposed conference, therefore, won't ba worth the paper it is written on unless the western nations remember and ‘act accordingly. They must not be trapped into abandoning the west German state—Trizonia—or into withdrawtheir troops—without some clear, iron-clad arrangement to

e its place. ) Sven then, if precedent means anything, the Settlement would

be worth only as much as the Atlantic Pact could make effective.

will receive the United States’ first annual report on administra tion of the Pacific trust territory—96 islands spread over 3,000,000 square miles of ocean. Since July 18, 1947, Uncle Sam has governed the region as agent for the Security Council. ~~ Russian protests ‘seem a foregone conclusion. The Soviets are expected to demand full reports on the 1948 atom bomb tests at Bikini and the atomic Weapons proving grounds established at Eniwetok. BE to either in the U, 8. report is the statement that Eniwetok natives have been “successfully resettled” on Ujelang, and the Bikini-ites on Kill Resettlement was necessary, the report says, because Eniwetok and Bikini were used “in connection with atomic experimentation."

Right to Bases

THE TRUSTEESHIP agreement gives the United States the right to (1) establish naval military and air bases and erect fortifications, (2) station and employ armed forces, and (3) make use of voluntary forces “in the maintenance of international peace and security.” Under that authority, we have made national defense areas out of Bikini and Eniwetok, and closed them to outsiders. Bikini no longer is restricted, but Capt. Peter G. Hale, deputy chief of naval operations for island government, says Enlwetok is part of trust territory in name only. Several atomic tests have been run there recently. Otherwise, Uncle Sam's detailed summary of his activities in the islands has little of the secrecy Japan maintained there for more than 20 years under a League of Nations mandate. In his book, “Secret Missions,” Rear Adm. Ellis Zacharias tells of an American colonel who managed to get to Jaluit in the Marshall islands. The Japanese politely notified the U. 8. Embassy he had taken ill and died and his body had been cremated. A Navy chief petty officer sent after his ashes returned with them, but he was insane and died before he could tell what happened, Adm. Zacharias sald.

Major Achievements

THE JAPANESE refused to make any report on its island administration. By contrast, the United States lists as major achievements: . Wider distribution of trade goods on a commercial basis; development of native-owned wholesale companies on Saipan, Truk and Ponape; distribution of more than Corp. an a sound

oing of the Island tation; stab

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