Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 April 1949 — Page 14

ndianapolis Times ROY W, HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANG So Presi@ent cu x: Editor "Business Ma

"PAGE 14 Tuesday, Apr. 12, 1049

i . ; Publ ine ©: 24 Wf Mariana Bu.” fasta one 8. “Member of Bureau of Cireolations. ; in Marion County, tor dally by Bir A Boge Pd Bg rag 5 By Bao Pre Me og MR SI ay rl Be teh, Toraaunday Mexico, daily, $1.10 & month, Sunday, Se a copy. : Telephone RI ley 85851 1

Give IAght and the Peopia Will Ping Their Own Wuy

Mr. Truman's Four Years

RANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT died four years ago today, uo Harry 8. Truman became President of the United Four years—the normal length of a presidential term ~and what years they have been! > Germany was reeling to defeat when Mr, Truman took: the oath of "office. Japan continued to fight stubbornly until August, , when he made the fateful decision that * released atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and . ended the war in the Pacific. : Four years, lacking a few months, of peace that has been no peace. Four years of problems and headaches for + the President, for the country, for the world. ” » » . ~ » ” FOUR YEARS of uneasy prosperity for America; of . record high employment and wages—and prices; of domestic strife as groups contended with each other for advan- * tage; of apprehension lest the boom end in a bust. Four years in which Mr. Truman's political fortunes have seemed to rise and fall, and rise again to the surprising peak reached last election day. Four years in which ~~ he had trouble with a Democratic Congress, then with a Republican Congress, and now once more with a Democratic Congress. Nn : Often, in these four years, Americans have wondered . whether the President was big enough for his jo The truth, perhaps, is that no man is big enough for that job _ in times like these. Few Americans, we think, can say that : they have tried as earnestly to achieve bigness as has the man who is in that job for a term that will continue almost four more years.

‘Economy, Efficiency and Security’? + THE HOUSE Appropriations Committee has approved a = national defense budget of $15,900,116,800—which is $631,252,100 more than President Truman requested when . he submitted the largest military budget in our peacetime

This action was taken in the interest of “economy, ‘ efficiency and security,” according to the committee. Economy! That must have been a slip of the tongue, or tapped out on one of the typewriters used during the ' Efficiency? The military establishment could use a lot + of that, but will more money buy it? It never has.

~~ Becurity? We want that, too. But spending for military security is building on sand if our economic security: ~~ Is being undermined. And slap-happy budgeting is working in that direction. ~~ ; ; PL SRO WIE . : ay et iim J alas i ’ |THE Senate has just passed the $5,580,000,000 appropriation for European recovery, which is the amount * the Truman administration recommended. We would not - quarrel with that action but for the fact that new items not included in the budget have yet to be considered. In a few days, for instance, the President will ask Congress for $1.25 billion, and possibly more, to arm western Europe. That was not provided for in the budget. - Unless this money to arm Europe is taken out of the European recovery fund or our own defense budget, new money must be found, and where? It isn't in sight unless new taxey are voted. X 5 Co 2» » : 3 ; "re. THE Marshall Plan, North Atlantic defense measure and our domestic military program all come under the heading of security, and should be grouped together in the over-all budget. Ins of doing that, the President and Congress are using the piecemeal approach, dealing with ~ one problem at a time, ’ ; Relative needs cannot be appraised and balanced - against one another under this method, nor can a ceiling ' | be maintained over the total budget. It is a sure way to . build up a deficit. Fr ; : + We believe in the Marshall Plan. We believed in the

_ | tional defense establishment. But this country should not. , Bo beyond its financial ‘depth in supplying any of these

i needs. That is not economy, it isn't efficiency, and it is : not buying real security.

:The Newspaper ‘Subsidy’ be of THE POST OFFICE Department operates one of the % world's biggest businesses, at a loss which was $310 : million—22 per cent of its revenues—last year and will be much larger this year. 7] ~The -Hoover Commission advocates a business man- - agement of this huge business. Divorce it from" politics. + Bring its methods up to date. Give its 5000000 employees °¢ better opportunity to work up fo top jobs. Give it a { modern, business-like accounting system. That last proposal is not the least important. : papers should take special interest in it. For the Ameri- : can press is widely believed to get a government subsidy - because newspapers, among many other publications, dre delivered by mail at second-class postal rates. And because the department says half of its loss results from carrying second-class mail for less than cost of the service. 4 : - ”n ” » . . . ~ THE FACT is that the department cannot know how ! much, if anything, it loses by carrying daily and weekly

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and religious organs and other second-class mail matter. Its antiquated accounting methods do not provide that information. v : ; So the amount, if any, of what could be called a subsidy to newspapers is not known. But it seems to us tain that newspapers should not get a government if they want freedom to oppose subsidies for other

Times, r ’ as we have said before, wants no subsidy. fe are willing and eager to pay the Post Office Departhope the department will get the

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: North’ Atlantic defense program. We want a sound naw,

papers, as distinguished from magazines, fraternal, labor

=|. might, after all, be a flop; created something of

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In Europe Rise

Marshall Plan Countries May Not Face Deficit

‘WASHINGTON, Apt. 12—The widely heralded $3 billion deficit which the Marshall Plan countries are said to face annually at the end

materialize. : i News of the impending deficit carrying the implication that European Economic Recovery

a sensation. That steps already are being taken to balance Europe's income and outgo has been | largely overlooked. : i The reason for the Marshall Plan, of course, | was post-war Europe's inability to get back on her feet without outside help. 8he needed all sorts of goods—machinery, tools, fertilizers, seeds, even bread and meat--if she was to get going again and these could be had only from abroad, principally from the United States. Hurope lacked the dollars with which to buy m,

So the United States said, in effect: Okay, we'll give you the goods. We don’t want you to collapse. It might bring on chaos, revolution and even another world war. And we don’t want that. We'll contribute upward of $20 billon in annual installments up to 1952. Plan Now “in Sight | THE anncuncement that the 16 European nations would still face a huge deficit at the end of the effort created dismay. And the anxiety was increased by the announcement that the over-all program which the United States requested the beneficiaries to work out among themselves was not forthcoming. Some even said it could not be done. But such a blue-print is now in sight. The - preliminaries have been completed. Each participating country has submitted its own program. These have now been studied and an executive committee is at work on a concrete plan to make them effective. . The trouble has been that it is never easy “to make ends meet, whether it-is-an-individual,-a business or a nation—especially where it entails cutting down on the scale of living. The Marshall Plan countries simply couldn't figure out how they could get along, after 1952, without going into the red, Je Sir Stafford Cripps, Britain's master specialist th austerity, who pointed the way. He worked out a set of principles. Exports had to

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be increased and dollar imports curtailed. IntraEuropean trade had to be put on a sound basis and surplus manpower studied. :

Work and Sell More

IT WAS like telling a farmer threatened with bankruptcy that he would have to quit buying so much at the store, raise more stuff of his own on the farm, sell more in town and get more work out of his own family if he wanted to pay out in the end. This program, of course, will not be without its effect on the United States. In recent years our exports have been at an all-time high. That is because we have been giving our goods away ~billions of dollars worth annually, Some of the Marshall Plan countries would like to go on importing from us on the same basis. But Sir Stafford says no. It would only hurt the more when, in 1952, the source of the gifts dries up. Our exports, therefore, seem due for a slump and exports are a vital factor in our own national prosperity and Mving standard. Which means that as Europeans tighten their belts and buckle down to the simple life, we . Americans may be called on to ease up a bit on our own scale of plush living. It will probably be healthier all around. a

—.. In.Tune With the Times

Barton Rees Pogue IN PILATE'S HALL

In Pilate’s hall the Savior stood, A calm expression on His face, The world's fate within His hands, And sins of mankind to erase.

Beneath the purple robe a heart Was agonifing with each beat; Betrayed, and thrice denied, apart He stood accused , . . ignored defeat.

Upon His brow a crown was pressed, From broken skin upon His head The blood dripped redly on his robe, The blood drops that for man were shed.

grand prize.

tions.

ment."

There, unafraid and conquerer, Our Lord and Master stood alone, "All earth's. eternal Emperor, Possessor of the greatest Throne!

«PAUL K. McAFEE, Michigantown.

WORLD AFFAIRS. . . By Marquis Childs

Allied Pact Doubts

WASHINGTON, Apr. 12—The birthing of the Atlantic Pact was accomplished in an atmosphere of surgical precision and dispatch, Now little more than a week old, the infant has a pale and dubious look. ; It will live. But how will it live? That question is particularly pertinent in the present atmosphere of Washington, which is niggling, haggling, mean, suspicious. Practically everyone seems to be concerned with how much butter can be traded for how many guns. y :

remind the spectator of nothing so much as the zoo at feeding time. Too often, from the downtown end of the capital, the pact has ‘been analyzed in lawyer-like terms of what provision X and provision Y mean. or, more often, do not mean. A remarkable letter has come to me from L. B. Vernon, president of a company in Pittsburgh, He talks about the niggling. “haggling approach and, incidentally, he blames columnists and commentators for contributing to public despair and confusion. I'm afraid that at times ‘we must plead guilty to that charge.

Something to Cheer About

BUT the important point Mr. Vernon makes is .that the American people want something to cheer about, something that will stir their hope and touch the deep strain of idealism in the American character. To present it in terms of guns and butter is not enough. : If appealed to, Americans will make sacrifices. The expenditure for European aid today are a heavy burden. But most Americans want to look forward to a prospect of hopeful change. 2 : There is such a prospect, this Pittsburgh manufacturer says, and he points to Justice Owen Roberts and the Atlantic Union Committee. The Roberts committee advocates organic political federation of the nations comprising the Atlantic Union. Th

“Is this too startling, too daring, too unpalatable to warrant comment?’ Mr. Vernon writes. “Why not let the customers “decide that? Do you imagine the public believes the irreconciliables it faces are ever going to be reconciled without something daring? I can only speak for my own personal contact with Americans—Ilargely business people—but I don’t believe-that Americans are any longer sc wedded to nationalism as to prefer it to their economic well-beirdg, to say nothing of their freedom.

Common-Sense Plan “THE IDEA of integrating the economies of America and the free nations of Western Europe with a single currency in a common free-trade area strikes all businessmen I have talked to as nothing but a common-sense adjustment to the present-day

bolster up = or eight slitiared, rival European monetary systems and perpetuating - costly, unnecessary nuisance of Burope's tragic dollag shortages? :

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The Political Science Association is starting ° out on this new crusade just as it started out to reform Congress. It has drafted a preliminary report which is really nothing more than a series of trial balloons on what might be done. Next, some 20 dinners are being arranged at various big cities throughout the United States. Leading politicians, government officials, political scientists and prominent citizens are being invited to these dinners. The first, arranged by the Washington, D. C., chapter of the APSA was scheduled for the middle of this month.

‘Suggestions Sought . CRITICISM of the proposed reform program will be asked at all these meetings. When all comments and suggestions have been received, a final report will be drafted by a Committee on National Political Parties, It is planned to have this report ready by December, 1949. An effort will'be made to have some of the recommendations put into effect during the 1950 elec-

Serving on this Committee of National Political Parties are authors of a number of the best books on American political history. Chairman is Elmer E, S8chattischneider of Connecticut Wesleyan University, author of “Party GovernOthers include Clarence A. Berdahl, University of Illinois, author of “War Powers of the President”; Merle Fainsod of Harvard, author of “The American People and Their Government”; Kirk H. Porter, University of Iowa, author of “National Party Platforms.” This distinguished committee's preliminary outline finds that the United States is now in the

That. is the tone in the Senate, where the snarling and snapping:

Atlantic Pact would be merely a useful springboard. ro

gt omic benefit to the USA.”

* changes looking toward a Western federation are coming. France,

demands of industrial and economic stability here and in Europe. ° “Where is there any sound business in America's trying to

.Even if all this is done, it may not be enough.

- “Diffler a common currency system, all this would be wiped oy Susy cy sys s be wiped

: be enriched, in effect, without the cost bring

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS . , . By Peter Edson

U. S. Political Weakness Studied |

WASHINGTON, Apr. 12—H litical parties be forced to live forms and campaign promises? That is the" challenging new subject which the somewhat highbrow American Political Science Association is tackling. x It is nothing to laugh at, either. The APSA was largely responsible for stirring up all the public sentiment and resentment which led to reorganization of Congress in 1946. If the association should be half as successful in knocking a little sense of responsibility into the two political” hodge-podge conglomerations that call themselves “Republicans” and “Democrats” and do such a bum job of running things around here now, thanks would be due, and also a

can U. 8.

po- middle of an invisible government crisis. The to their plat-

new role of the American government at home and abroad demands executive and legislative co-operation which it is not getting. This is said to be no fault of the present Constitutional organization of the U. 8. government. There is no expression of the need for substituting a dictatorial or socialistic form of government. What is wanted 'is a democratic solution for a political weakness which is described as ‘‘a failure to bring about effective organization of the opinion of a majority of the people.” :

Fail to Function

through changing the status and uses of political parties. Political parties fail to function and are said to govern badly because they do not mobilize effectively the men ‘they elect to office. : “Nearly all the conflict and confusion in American government can be traced to the failure of political parties at this point,” says the political scientists’ preliminary outline. This fault is said to come from a lack of party cohesion within the government at the national level. This creates an impression of incapacity to govern. And‘it makes the voters think that the men they elected to office are incompetent. This diagnosis would seem to fit the present 81st Congress like a pair of silk tights, and is just as revealing. Every split in the Democratic Party—on civil rights, the filibuster, labor legislation, veterans pensions, expansion of Social

this weakness of the party system.

Seed of Defeat Sown

THE Democratic Party fought out all these issues at its Philadelphia convention last summer. It adopted a platform on which it elected —much to its own surprise—a President and majorities of both House and Senate. Once in - office, however, the congressional end of this combination has forgotten its platform and gone back on its promises, If it has thereby sown the seed for its own defeat, it has only itself . to blame. ; : How the political scientists suggest changing present U, 8. political organization to effect changes they consider necessary will be covered in this column tomorrow.

‘By Galbraith

SIDE GLANCES

to give them,

“we stop?” $-12 RE : x COPR. 1940 BY NEA SERVICE. INC. T. WM. REG. U. S. PAT. OFF, “This club is going to seed — we haven't done anything the town . thought worth talking about since our Halloween party!”

of a nickel to the USA—in fact, without anything but a great

“2 If you put this up to the most well-intentioned men in the Senate, I'm alittle afraid they would shudder at such naked fdealismi. As for the Jenners and the Capeharts, they would react as usual, which is to say they would explode with rage and vituperation. 3 5 : There are signs, like the first crocus in the spring, that

Britain and the U. 8. have managed to agree on what seems to be a rational settlement for Germany. Italy and France are entering

ECONOMICS... By Wim. P. Simms | Poor Time fo Be Waving'Red Flag, Joe |

Recovery Hopes ~~ 4

ONE suggested solution of this dilemma is

Security and all the other moot issues—shows

will defend to. the death your right fo say i."

ject with which you are familiar. Some letters served, for here the People Speak in Freedom. | ‘Back-Door Dealing’

1 By Troy Totty, 513 Birch Ave.

It has happened here in our city of Indian~ apolis. © = : A group of laundry operators have met with the representatives of a self-styled union leader; and behind closed doors, without the knowledge or consent of the -people concerned, have attempted to direct the earning of a livelihood for these 3000 workers and their families for the next seven years. . : An act of this nature can only mean “taxation without representation.” This manner of

by every truly union-minded person in of which I number myself as one. : When I think of these 3000 people, I am mindful of a little child who, when struck in the face, has but one retaliation—a hurt look and the question, “Why did you do it?” . The citizens of Indianapolis should see that these unfortunate people at least get the ope portunity to vote as to their choice of representation or no representation. ‘Any so-called labor leader who would perpetrate an act of this sort should be openly repudiated by his own members. . I, myself, belong to the army of labor but am not drilling in Dave Beck's company. Thanks to the editor of The Times who in this in stance has so gallantly comes forth in defense of the ideals we hold so dear. ; 4 +

‘Mothers Should Stay Home’ The Mayor of Milwaukee seems worried about juvenile delinquency. Why don't some of these smart men in politics do something about all the mothers of children working in the factories instead of staying home and give ing their’ children a home? If some of these mothers would stay home and worry about raising their children instead of worrying about making an extra dollar, a lot of things would straighten out in this old world. And maybe prices would come down 80 we men who are trying to give our, children a mother to stay home with them could make ends eet. . » I've seen war veterans laid off instead of women because the women had accumulated geniority during the war. Why don’t we give children mothers to mother them instead of ‘aunts, baby sitters or hired outsiders? . 4

. * vy ‘Central Time Correct Time “By James J. Cullings, 107 8. Capitol Ave, . The editorial favoring Daylight Saving Time doesn’t make sense to me. These so-called responsible citizens banding together to establish fast time only created a conspiracy to violate a state law, and every man, woman, newspaper, company or corporation sponsoring fast time is a party to a conspiracy to violate the law on time. The law says Central Standard Time is the correct time.

What Others Say—

UNLESS future generations are to face a declining ‘standard of living, we must rely more heavily on our inexhaustable supplies, stop the waste of irreplaceable materials and find and

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Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug. : iin lp AMY ; ; THE only way to avoid it (a tax increase) is. to cut expenses—all expenses.—Sen. Robert A, Taft (R) of Ohio. ¢ & »

mistake about that. Nor are we ashamed of accepting it. Without it we should have had to impose such severe cuts, both in the rehabilitation and modernization of our industry and in personal consumption, that the whole economic and social structure in Europe would have been in grave danger. —Sir Hartley Shawcross, attorney general of England. * * ¢ THE business of a university iz to educate by conflicts of opinion.—Harold J. Laski, professor of political science, University of London. ¢ © 9 THINGS do not get better by being left alone. Unless they are adjusted, they explode

| with a shattering detonation.—Winston Chure chill,

PRICE CONTROLS ...By Earl Richert

Farm Dangers Seen

WASHINGTON, Apr. 12—Chilliest wind to blow so far on the administration's revolutionary new farm program has come from Vermont's Sen. George Aiken, co-author of the long-range farm law passed by the last Congress. 4 The tousle-headed Vermonter—a farmer himself, an expe on farm legislation and a believer in government price supports— thinks America’s six million farmers will have to pay too high a price for the guaranteed high income the government proposes

.The price, he says, is a completely government-controlied agricultural economy with the federal government running the farmer like a guardian, telling him what to do and sending him checks when he complies. ’ : : First effect ‘on the new program, he said, would be to put wheat, cotton, tobacco, corn and small grains under complete and continuing controls; also the land which is taken out of production of such commodities. : :

Extended Controls

«. | AFTER the program had- been in effect a short time, he added, controls would have to be extended to hogs, chickens, . beef, lamb, pork and dairy products. “It would be a controlled economy with a vengeance,” he said, The program proposed by Agriculture Secretary Charles Brannan is ‘designed to keep farm purchasing power up to the high wartime average and Sen. Aiken says such a program could not stop on the farm. “If the government undertakes to guarantee a satisfactory income to the producers of farm commodities, can we, with a clear conscience deny the same guarantee of satisfactory income to other groups of our population?” he asked.

“Where can

nN controlled agricultural economy.

A customs union that will remove many of the "antiquated nationalistic barriers that wall off each separate country, But the push, the lift, from this side of the Atlantic is lacking. This country is giving mohey for economic aid to Europe. will shortly be asked to appropriate money for arms. a substitute for the living, breathing TS ure pe for the future. a : i thaties

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Support prices, he said, should be used to guarantee a farmer against disastrous price declines and leave him as free as possible to exercise his own initiative. This is the announced purpose. of . the Alken-Hope farm law due to go into effect next Jan. 1 and - which administration now proposes to supplant. The Aiken Hops aaw provides a flexible system of price supports. a ermont ‘Republican said the theory that high supports and controls meant high incomes was untenable, -

price

1 do not agree with a word that you say, but | Keep letters 200 words or less on any subs

used will be edited but content will be pre. |

back-door dealing is looked upon with disfavor - Indiana,

develop additional resources as fast as possible. :

WE NEED American aid. Let there be no

. Sen. Aiken is not critical of the subsidy provisions of the new program under which the government would allow prices of perishable commodities to seek their natural lévels and then pay farmers the difference btween the price they received and the support price. : Big Crop Benefit : : HE SAID this method, if used carefully, would permit consumers to benefit from big crops and low prices without unduly penalizing the producer or the taxpayer, who must pay for the subsidies. - ; What makes him see red is the proposal to maintain 100 per cent support for wheat, corn, totton, tobacco, milk, hogs, eggs, chickens, beef cattle and lambs. ; 3 . g He said this 100 per cent guaranty of price to

farmers . could not be made to work other than through a government.

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