Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 November 1948 — Page 14

A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER

Wednesday, Nov. 17, 1948 Owned and published datry | by Jadianapol

PAGE 14

ewspaper Alliance, NEA Service, and Audit Bureau of Circulations. Price in Marion County, 5 cents a copy for daily or Sunday; delivered by carrier daily and Sunday, 30c a week, daily only, 25¢, Sunday only, 5c. Mail rates in Indiana, daily and Sunday, $750 a 8 ear, daily, $5.00 a year, Sunday only, $2.50; all other states, U. 8, possessions, and Magzieo, daily, $1.10 a month, Sunday, Be

a copy. 2, ™ Telephone RI lay 8851

Gwe Light ena the People Will Find Ther Quon Way

ur Sad Penal System

NE of the emergencies facing the Legislature and State >" Government in the immediate future is action toward over-hauling of Indiana's archaic penal system from top to bottom. _ Berious weaknesses in the state's sub-standard methods ~ of handling criminals have been brought to the attention _ of government officials and the public at various times for More than 20 years bat the report of the Penal and Correctional Survey Commission this week pointed up some critical conditions that can no longer be ignored. The Commission urged that the state's whole penal system be reorganized under a centralized Department of

trol by separate boards of inexperienced laymen now run- . ning each institution. ~The underlying cause of the state's sub-standard system, the Commission found, is a “lack of understanding of the problems even by offigials and otherwise enlightened citizens” and back of this, the report stated, is a “grossly s Yhinformed pubiie opinion.”

«4% THE COMMISSION branded as a "confession of incompetence” its findings that prisoners in some institutions were beaten and otherwise treated with violence. These disclosures along with many others involving “snake pit” conditions in some of the mental institutions, should serve as warning signals for an aroused citizenry to get behind necessary reforms at once or face the danger of a collapse in the entire penal system. The Commission warned that much of the increasing crime waves can be traced to serious weaknesses in the penal system through failure to rehabilitate prisoners when they are paroled to pray upon citizens again in more vicious forms. The citizens of Indiana can no longer afford further delay in these reforms. We already have postponed them at grave peril to every man, woman and child in Indiana.

We Need an Asiatic Policy, Too

THE Communist conquest of Manchuria has vastly complicated the American problem in Japan. If China proper, or even North China, is lost to the Reds, our position in Japan will become much more difficult and perhaps untenable. The 80 million people of Japan live in an ares not much larger than the state of Montana. Tho population is grow ing at the rate of a million a year. We are spending $400 million a year to help these people until they can stand om: their own economic feet. Japan's exports have been growing and last year reached nearly $200 million. But that figure must be increased seven or eight times before the Japanese can pay for the food and raw materials necessary to provide a reasonable standard of living. Without a free exchange of goods among countries of the Far East the prospect of achieving that goal seems exceedingly remote;

PREWAR Japan obtained most of ts "ood and raw materials from its empire—Manchuria, Korea and Formosa. Manchuria is in Communist hands. Russia controls half of Korea. Formosa was ceded to China at the end of the war, but like China proper it is now wide open to Communist attack. ¢« + Not only must Japan seek new sources for food and raw materials, but her prospect of finding markets for an adequate export trade is anything but bright. Before the war, 60 per cent of all ‘Japanese exports were sold in Asia, and less than 25 per cent to the United States. Asiatic areas formerly supplied half of Japan's imports. Today those areas are seething with discord, civil war and revolution. rl Even where an extension of the Soviet iron curtain is not imminent, and where comparative tranquillity prevails, dollar shortages constitute a barrier to the resumption of normal trade relations.

s = # J ” . OUR immediate problem i in Japan is primarily economic. ‘But it may become political and military as well, if the Chinese situation cannot be stabilized. The outlook in South Korea, where we also are holding the bag, will be equally dubious if the Yellow Sea becomes a Red lake. All Asia, as well as all Europe, is exposed to the same general attack, directed from Moscow. We have achieved a comprehensive and well-accepted policy for Europe, and

theater of Asia, where Red armies are actually on the march, we are inviting disaster by treating China, Japan and Korea as separate and unrelated problems.

Compulsory Voting

+ ABOUT 95,000,000 American citizens might have voted in the recent élections. Barely more than half of them - did vote for any of the presidential candidates. This fact leads some people to believe that there ought to be a law to make voting a compulsory duty. We doubt the wisdom of that idea. Many of the non-voters had physical handicaps or other legitimate excuses for not going to the polls. The great majority, however, probably stayed away for quite different * peasons. Perhaps they didn’t like any of the candidates, or they couldn't make up their minds, or the weather was bad, or they were busy with other affairs, or they had forgotten I register, or they Just werentt interested enough to tale the trouble. We're for doing whatever can be done to create more tesent in candidates aud campaigms and isoves, so that _ more Americans will want to make the effort required to tercise one of the greatest rights and privileges of citizen-

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compulsory voting; by citizens so uninformed, in or lazy that they have to be driven to the polls, i Su opinion, make for betta elections or bet-

Correction, eliminating the diversified and haphazard con-

SECURITY FOR PEOPLE— *

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Federal Aid Crisis Looms

By E. T. LEECH

WASHINGTON, Nov, 17—Mr. Truman promeised the voters a lot of federal aid. And they showed at the polls that they want it. Now he is going to tackle the tremendous task of delivering it. And it is truly an enormous job—so great that nobody can envy him the burden he asked and has received. This demand for government said isn't con-

more they had to economic matters in an effort to succeed.

Na:“>n Deeply in Debt g THE SITUATION is doubly dificult for Truman. For we have not only to finance vastly expanded security program in our. country, but also to try to finance the schemes which are working poorly in many other coun: tries. And we have to do so when we are deeply in debt—public debt, business debt and private debt. Never before has any country or its business firms or its private citizens been so far in the hole as we are in the United States. There will be less chance for disappoin and mote sympathy for Mr. Truman's pro in meeting his promises if we consider the obstacles. We have a federal government debt of over $250 billion—which is something over $6300 for every family in the United States. Our annual interest on this debt runs around $5.25 billion. American corporations owe around $104 billion. They have had to borrow over $20 billion since the war ended, despite high profits. Individuals, including unincorporated busi. nesses, owe about $78 billion—a debt which has risen about $22 billion since the war ended.

Vast Debts Owed

THESE three items—federal, business and private debt—total around $430 billion. In addltion, vast debts are owed by states, counties, cities and other local governments, The total must run over $500 billion. One of each six adults in the United States is already getting government checks. Regular checks go from Washington to more than 15,800,000 citizens, This number is growing—and large expansion of most of these services has been promised. In addition, federal aid has been promised for schools and health facilities, for big reclamation projects, for housing, for soil conseérvation and for various other worthy-—but costly— objects. Plus more aid for Europe, and a huge

In Tune With the Times

Barton Rees Pogue

sat

THE CARDINAL (Indiana State Bird)

A flash of red in the maple tree, A song that is confident, loud, and free; That is the cardinal-joyous bird, Whose clear love notes in the spring are heard From the budding woods and the city street, From the court house square in the county seat.

Unlike the cuckoo so seldom seen, \ Calling “its from the mystic green, ° me éardinal of" 1d clothes line, his nest in the trumpet vine; A A in red as he stands and sings— Oh, words cannot tell of the cheer he brings!

When fields lie bare in the winter time, And robin has fled to a4 warmer clime, The cardinal lingers, flying low, Brilliant and gay over drifting snow; Friendly and loyal, himself and mate, Like the people who chose him for their state. ~MILDRED MUSGRAVE SHARTLE,

Danville > +

LIFE'S COLORS

The intricate pattern of life is woven Like the threads of a tapestry, Fach age a color and each mood a tone Hit and missing majestically, With youthful shades of pink and gold And brilliant reds of dashing bold, The quiet tones of love's first call, And sombre shades of tears that fall, Each tapestry’s bound with a flaming rope, That holds secure life's greatest hope, " Hope of a home beyond earth’s wall ‘Our tapestry’'s weaving will silvered end, Where, when we heat fhe Master's call, And all the colorful threads will blend.

~OPAL McGUIRE, Duppat.

RECORD IN CONGRESS . . . By Marquis Childs

Vote Trend Against New Senators Seen

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, Chivas rd NE “In ‘Most cases, fie Afthy asifed replacement

rearmament program for ourselves and almost certainly for our Allies, Z Where will it all come from? vo There is only one possible source—producn. But only part of our production can be used to meet these vast costs—that part which is in excess of consumption, : In simple terms, this means the earnings of those who spend less than they make, who contribute more to government than they get from it, who financB their own security and therefore need no public aid, and who, save something.

All the working capital, the maintenance of charitable activities and the expansion of 1ndustiy depends on that Sroup-plus mest of the taxes paid to the various divisions of government. * There have been indications that it is already under heavy strain. For business failures have been increasing, the rate of savings has lately started to decline and the amount of borrowing has been going up. All this vast and growing program of ‘gov ernment “security” depends on a part of the insecure,

population that is increasingly

New Wall of China

ORIENTAL CRISIS

By Jim G. Lucas

Extra Congress Session Urged To Speed Military Aid to China

WASHINGTON, Nov. 17—China has used up her $125 million military charge atcount'in this country, but so far only $4 million Worth Bas been delivered, it was learned today.” Much of the remaining $121 million won't be ready for several months—if the Nationalists still are in the field then. The Department of National Defensé ane nounced that 5000 tons of small-arms ammunition had been shipped to China and that other shipments would follow soon.

Urges Special Session

+ CHAIRMAN H. Styles Bridges (R. N. H.) of the Senate Appropriations Committee, is arging President Truman to eall a special session of Congress to speed more military aid to China. Sen. Bridges also is chairman of -the joint congressional “watchdog” committee which checks on foreign aid programs. In April Congress gave China $420 million, of which $125 million was earmarked for military supplies. Little was done until Aug. 2 —four months after the loan was approved— when President Truman signed a directive authorizing the Army, Navy and Air Force to help China from our warehouses and—if necessary—buy supplies from indus¢éry and resell themeto the Chinese. It took the Army until Sept. 15, however, to find the materiel and set a price on items the wanted.

That often meant paying double the For instance, the Army asked

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prices. market value.

Side Slances~By Galbraith

$358 for a 30-year-old machine gun, which originally cost $134, on the theory it was to be replaced by & more expensiye item. It Iater-recon-

_ ;sidered this decision and agreed; to charge only

As a result of the replacement-price formula, the Chinese had to reduce their program. They had hoped to buy enough at surplus prices to equip 10 divisions, but found they would be lueky to get enough for one. Our Army, Navy and Air Force said they were out of surplus and, under the law, had to ask a replacement price. Since Oct. "15, informed sources say, there has been a speed-up in the Chinese military aid program. The Chinese agreed to spend $87.5 million with the Army, $28.5 million with the Air Force and $0 million with the Navy. That money has been delivered to aur armed forces in advance payment.

Only Few Contracts ’

HOWEVER, in some cases, our Army, Navy and Air Force must buy the materiel. Only a few contracts have been signed. It will be six to eight months before much of it is ready to be shipped. The United States, meawhile, holds to its replacement prices. An example is the Chinese attempt to buy 30 million rounds of carbine bullets. Uncle Sam wanted $81 per thousand— $75 for four-year-old bullets and $6 for packaging. The Chinese found they could buy them on the open market for less than $50 pér thousand. It decided, in this. case, to do its own buying.

‘Hoosier Forum - ¥

“wi a5 no agra Wilh & word That

will defend to the death. your

Keep letters 200 words or less on any sube :

ject with which you are faniliar, Some fottars

used will be edited but content will be pre- =” served, for bers the People Speak in Freedom.

Opposes Draft Act By Stan Moore, 2858 N. Illinois The members of the “good fof nothing

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ing at some future time. But this other thing is right here, and a lot of parents were not thinking about what miglt happen; they were

pile tax after tax, but they do not forget that they have children which they hoped to bring up without giving them to the state until there is real need for such a sacrifice. ¢ o

‘Socialized Medicine Wrong’

By M. K. 8, City There is a great deal wrong with the poli ticians’ proposals for socialized medicine in America. Bit it can be summed up briefly: We are human beings, not a herd of cattle. As indi« viduals we have a right to seek medical help from doctors whose willing hands are not tanSled up in & ;ase of gavarnmant Jed tape. We are used to on our own feet, through good breaks or bad breaks—that’s our idea of being truly alive. As for medical care: There is ingrained in the mind and heart of every true physician a deep and honest desire to help people who are fll and in distress. Instinctively, a doctor's reaction to almost any: given situation is, “How can I help this patient get well?” If there weré any sound reasons for believe ing our people would get better care from government medical clerks, I believe our doc woild be the first ones to step up and put forth their hest efforts. They have been putting the patients first for the last 2400 years. Why should anyone imagine they have changed at the present time? > ¢ 9

‘For Short-Cut Method’

By Josephine Buck, Westfield, Ind. In the Forum someone wrote against a short method of music teaching, and I wish to differ herewith. If one contemplates a heavy music career he should definitely start the usual train ing, but if only desirin, little ability to enter tain himself and close friends I believe there are short methods worthy of consideration.

This applies to many other things also. I ;

once took a quick method shorthand course and came out on top. I already had an office job, and merely added this training to better myself. Without an inflated ego, I assure you I was ered very e . ére are also" many sources for obtaining a better. education at home to heal shortages made in youth. Zeal is one of the most necessary qualities.

What Others Say—

THERE'S little question that television is of more value to the unsophisticated than the rich. For the first time, the average guy . .. can bring the glamour of the theater and night clubs right into his own living room.—A. M. Whitlock, advertising executive, General Foods Corp. * & :

IF. I were absolute ‘dictator of the United States, I would insist on respécting freedom of the press because ft i8 the best Insurance against being deceived about what is going on in the country and even in the government itself. Supreme Cour; Ju Tastes Robert H. Jackson.

I DON'T see ar WA has to worry about. . There was nothing in our campaign oratory—if 1 may call it that that was unfair to business, honest business, that 1s8.—Vice President-elect Alben W. Barkley, ) \ SRR J 2 ; WITH the Republicans’ money and the Democrats’ brains the future of the United States economy looks its brightest.—James Bruee, U. 8. ambassador to Argentina.

WORLD AFFAIRS . . . By William Philip Simms

+ | Fear UN'S Peace

are at least holding the line there. But in the greater -

WASHINGTON, Nov. 17—Since the revolt of Nov.. 2, a great deal has been written about the Republicans who are not coming back to Washington.

their records behind them.

This is not the Old Guard. In the Senate, particularly, those

who will be coming back—chiefly because they were fortunate enough not to have been up for re-election—were swept in by the Republican high tide of 1046. The voters in '48 were dissatisfied with a number of things. They decided it was time for a change and they returned a

Republican Congress, but the incoming Republicans, or far too |

many of them, took this us a mandate to turn the clock back to the William McKinley era.

Handciap to Dewey

THAT was not at all what a majority of the voters had In mind. The Republican diehards carried in on the ’'46 tide were a greater handicap to Gov. Dewey, in my opinion, than the Old Guard. They seemed determined to prove in the 80th Congress -that the GOP had forgotten nothing and learned nothing. The lesson was especially pointed in the West. A new. crop ' of Senators came in from Nevada, Utah, Washington, Montana, and they promptly proceeded to vote against all the things dear to the West. New Republicans such as Sens. Harry P. Cain of Washington and Joseph R. McCarthy of Wisconsin fought public housing. They represented not the people, but the housing and real estate lobbies. By comparison. Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio, the majority leader, appeared to be a flaming liberal. Mr. Taft fought hard for his housing bill and got it through the Senate in spite of the obstructionist tactics of the younger Republicans. It was blocked in the House by strategists for the lobbies that were determined it should not pass.

Reactionary Record

THE most conspicuous example in the group of Republican two-year-olds is Sen. George W. Malone of Nevada. Mr. Malone's record is not only completely reactionary on the domestic side, but on foreign policy he showed himself an old-fashioned

approbation and he was against extending the reciprocal trade agreements except for one year. In the same class is another of the 1946 crop—Sen. James Kem of Missouri. a dangerous radical.

The record of den. Zales N. cion of Montana is nearly,

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But nothing has been said | about those who will return, like “Mary's little lamb,” bringing |

isolationist. He voted to cut down the Republican recovery |

Sen. Kem's standards, Gov, Dewey was

slide wetie Nave been deleated IC {hey Bad coma?

1-17

BY NEA SERVICE, INC. T. M. REG. U. §, PAT. OFF. * m window a for Sis—she has a big date tonight and wants to or what shops to pass by!"

the same. So is that of Sen. William E, Jenner of Indiana, who was elected for short term in 1944 and returned in ’48, Quite understandably the voters took these men as a sample of what Republicanism might mean if ‘appled across the boar: When President Truman “iammered away at the record of the 80th Congress, he did so against the background of the votes not of the Old Guaid, but of the newcomers supposedly repre senting the best and bravest in the party, It is hard to see how, by hindsight, “what Gov. Dewey might have done to overcome this handicap. Looking at the returns state by state, you cannot escape the conclusion that most of the Senators swept im on the 48 * this year.

+

| Powers Impaired

PARIS, Nov. 17—Many delegates here fear Trygve Lie has impaired his influence as secretary-general of the United Nations and as a neutral, if indeed he has not hurt the United Nations

| itself by his intervention in the Berlin dispute:

pi m—— i m——

Dr. Herbert Evatt is somewhat less criticized. As the Aus-’ tralian delegate and honorary president of this year's General Assembly, his position is slightly different. Mr, Lie holds a permanent salaried post as chief administrative officer whose job is to co-ordinate the United Nations’ activities. Under the United Nations charter, the secretary-general

| may call the Security Council's attention to any matter which

he thinks may threaten peace. But it also says he “shall refrain from any action which might reflect on his position as an international official.”

See Step as Clunder

BOTH Mr. Lie and Dr. Evatt are «credited with acting in complete sincerity in seeking to refer the Berlin dispute back to the Big Four. But delegates -with whom I talked seemed to regard the step as a blunder.

Said one: “The recommendation certainly upholds the Soviet point of view.” In different words the others advanced the same opinion.

It is recalled- that the whole gist of the argument by Russia's deputy - foreign minister before the Security Council was that Berlin. was the Big Four’'s business, 'not the Council's. The LieEvait proposal supports that position. Vishinsky vetoed the Council resolution which asked that Me blockade be lifted before conferences about Berlin begin. The Lie-Evatt suggestion backs the Russian delegate

'by urging “immediate discussions”—that is, while the blockade

is still on.: This, in the face of the American-British-French stand against discussions under duress. Slanting Appeal to Russia

THERE is bitterness over the whole approach of Dr. Evatt and Mr. Lie. Instead of slanting their appeal to Russia, asking

| her to reconsider and lift the blockade—which is the real enace

to peace—they ask the three western powers to change their

‘minds and ignore the Council's verdict.:

There is also .resentment over the ‘calm assumption that only the Berlin stalemate is holding up world peice, and that everything could be set aright if only the western powers would agree to “immediate discussions.’ It is pointed out that not-merely

“for the past three years Russia has been blocking Thiel the Berlin settlement but agreements on Germany, Austria, Korea, Japan, Greece, disarmament and atomic control.

Finally, by making it appear that the U. 8, Britain and France are the ones that, are holding up peace, the Lie-Evatt letter provides Moscow with material for further propaganda.

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MR. CLIFT be a Million careless about pendent towar he told me at he was $1300 | unemployment went into “Ri film. “How long checks?” I asl “As long as to me.”

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