Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 July 1948 — Page 14

Indianapolis Times

ROY W, HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ

PAGE 12 Tuesday, July 20, 1948 A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER Se

published daily (except Sunday) and Times 214 W.

Price in Marion County, 5 cents a copy; delivered by carrier, 25¢c a week. Mail rates in In $5 a year; all other states, U. 8. possessions, Canada and Mexico, $1.10 a month. Telephone RI ley 5551.

Give Light and the People Will Pind Ther Uwn Wey

Music Without Whiskers

JNDIANAPOLIS folks who like grand opera have had a fine demonstration these last few days of why there aren't more folks who like grand opera. : At Bioomington, last week, many of them heard the Indiana University production of “Down in the Valley” —a production as modern and alive as today’s front page. In Cincinnati, Saturday evening, they heard a traditional performance of Faust—old-fashioned, stuffy and dull. Henry Butler, The Times music writer, seemed to us to sum up their sentiments rather succinctly when he said, yesterday: “It's high time for housecleaning in all this opera business, from the Metropolitan on down.” Grand opera is supposed to be entertainment. Every opera that has won any recognition at all began as entertainment, in a production that was then alert and alive

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and geared to the times. Unfortunately they all froze, right |

there. If the tenor who sang the premiere cleared his throat in the middle of an aria, every tenor from that night on has felt compelled to do the same. The costumes and the stage business and the scenery which might have been right in the mood of the moment in 1836, are still right in the mood—of 1836. Inevitably it has ceased to be an entertainment. The music is still there, and it is still good. But a modern public, except for a handful of connoisseurs, is becoming increasingly unwilling to sit through an evening so smothered in banal conventionality. : There have been a few attempts at improvement. Ipdianapolis in recent years has heard “Carmen Jones” and “Rosalinda” as professional performances, and big audiences enjoyed the shows, as shows, maybe without even being aware they were hearing grand opera. Now Indiana University has gone a step further in presenting an opera that is wholly modern and new, and, recently an old opera done in a modern way: It is an experiment that is worthy of success. It might mean the salvation of grand opera from oblivion.

UN Victory in Palestine

HE NEW Palestine truce is the United Nation's great- ~ est victory to date. For the first time it risked invoking its powers to apply economic and military penalties. That threat worked in the case of Arabs and Jews. If it had failed, the United Nations would have been forced to fight a victorious international war against the aggressor—or confess its futility. * United Nations success in using a force ultimatum to preserve the peace can be a far-reaching pregedent. Its immediate effect is to strengthen the declining United Nations prestige and lift sagging morale. It should be an effective warning to other nations tempted to defy interna- - tional obligations—with one exception, however.

" . n > THAT exception, of course, is Russia. Russia did not use her veto power in the Security Council in this case. She and her Ukrainian alter ego—after opposing some of the terms—refrained from voting on the final motion ordering the belligerents to cease fire or suffer penalties. In this case, Stalin could not very well have used the veto because the Israeli government, for which he would have professed to act, was willing to accept the truce. In any case involving a Soviet satellite or direct interest, Stalin may be expected in the future as in the past to sabotage the United Nations. That test may come soon if the western powers submit the Berlin case to the United Nations. ; ~~ Russia does not want peace in Palestine. Continuation of the war there would increase the chads from which communism profits. And it might have presented an excuse for Soviet military intervention. Indirectly, therefore, the Palestinian truce is a blow to Stalin's imperialistic ambitions in the Middle East.

- o AS FOR the ‘Arabs and Jews, the new armistice under United Nations order is much more promising than the 28-day truce which terminated. The new truce runs indefinitely—that is, until there is a permanent settlement. Under those circumstances there is much better chance of getting an Arab-Jewish agreement. . » Moreover, the Security Council*-again with Russia an the Ukraine abstaining—ordered the belligerents to adopt a “conciliatory” attitude in the settlement negotiations. And it voted down the Russian proposal to prevent the United Nations mediator from modifying the United Nations Assembly's recommendations for partition. There is thus a much broader and firmer basis for serious negotiations and an effective settlement by mutual agreement than existed last month, Special praise is due the Israeli government for its prompt acceptance of this latest truce order, with the same speed it had agreed to earlier proposals by the Security Council and the mediator, Count Bernadotte. In justice to all concerned, the United Nations should rush to Palestine the requisite number of observers and guards promised to the mediator for enforcement purposes.

“Stern . . . But Just . ..” T has been 10 years since Frank P. Baker presided over Marion County’s Criminal Court. But his record still inspires respect. And, at his passing yesterday, it was summed up by those who knew it best in the phrase “stern, but just.” ; We can think of no better epitaph for a judge, charged with the dispensation of justice, and the enforcement of laws against crime. Always the foe of laxity in public office and of irresponsibility in private citizens, Judge Baker had done much to build respect for law and order and for our courts.

And he has left behind him, in one little phrase, a | the tiny wedges used by the British, French

wh “philosophy of jurisprudence, a clear statement of the people really want the courts they have established

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- With the Times

OurBerlin Rights:

‘and, secondly, what our rights are there.

In Tune +

Barton Rees Pogue FRIENDSHIP'S TEST

To his good traits? Perhaps true friendship’s test Would be to judge him only by his best. ~MARGARET E. BRUNER, New Castle.

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INDIANA STATE FLOWER

The zinnia, Indiana's state flower, little or nothing to boast of in the way of uty when it crossed the border line from Mexico into the United States; but now after years of development by various floriculturists the foremost n of this country have gone into

Indianapolis has one little zinnia garden that 30 kinds. It has not reaching the bloomstage yet, but its growing plants are inter~ . * The west end of the garden has a row of “queens” and a “king,” and at the entrance are huddled some well developed plants of the Purple Prince. Then there are the Fantasies— White Light, Wildfire, Stardust, etc., and, of course, the dainty little fellows. . =A, H., Indianapolis.

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THE POLITICIAN 3

The politician is a great man, too, Perhaps a faithless demagog at times; A double-talking gentleman of linés Embellished with white lies, through and through.

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The politician is a statesman, true To all the sanctimonious high designs; He mixes well indeed, the complex signs And dishes out a combination, new!

Rebirth may urge his soul to greatness, wrought At times of peril, danger and deceit; Elect him, folks, for half the things he fought May raise the man to heights or sad defeat; Yes, we may build him monuments, unsought Or write the great default at his retreat! —8. B. TOKOPF, Indianapolis.

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A HOOSIER ANGELUS

Behind the purplish-blue hills, the July sun has set. . . . It is that pre-dusk hour. .. . A calmness reigns that inspires a reverence for nature and an appreciation of her moods. . . . White daisies carpet the hillsides. . . . The blackeyed Susans lift their faces skyward. . . . There is a call of a wood pewee. . . . 860h the plaintive ‘whip-poor-wills will begin their. evening sereclouds loom low in the southern sky, banked against a pale azure. . .. There is a whisper of breezes and afar a cow-

bell. ... . The sheep in yon field recalls the 23d Psalm. . . . I bow my head and I realize clearly that “the Lord is MY Shepherd” here in the hills.

~“OZARK IKE,” Belmont.

Foreign Affairs—

By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, July 20—High officials here, in London, Paris and other western capitals admit the Berlin situation is growing in gravity by the hour. A shooting war could start any time. _ The man in the street, therefore, might like to know why we are in Berlin in the first place

Early in 1944, long before the end of the war, the Big Three (America, Britain and Russia) created a European advisory commission in London. Its job was to formulate German peace

8. On Sept. 12, 1944, agreement was reached on German occupation. It.was slightly amended in November. And at Yalta, in February, 1945, Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill confirmed it-—agreeing, at the same time, to include France. ’ ' These agreements provide for the Big Four control of Germany and the right to occupy Berlin, each country taking a specified zone. They do .not, however, expressly provide for corridors to and from the capital. Just why this strange lapse occurred is not clear. One report. has it that the late U. 8, Ambassador Winant, our representative on the European advisory commission, did not think an agreement on corridors was necessary and that President Roesevelt concurred with him when the State Department noted the omission.

Now the Reds Are in‘a Hurry

PRESIDENT TRUMAN and Prime Minister Churchill, however, later took steps to correct the situation. . o British and American troops had advanced far into territory now occupied by Soviet Rusgia. In return for withdrawal to the “zonal boundaries,” the recent American and British notes to Moscow state, “Premier Stalin gave assurance” that air, rail and road corridors would be provided. Moreover, in Berlin later, the American, British and Russian commanders worked out the details for the free and unrestricted use of the main highway between the western zones and Berlin and it is so recorded in the minutes of the meeting. In September, 1945, a similar agreement was reached whereby 16 allied trains daily would be allowed to enter Berlin on the Helmstedt line. Later the number was increased to 20. In November, 1945, the Big Four Allied*Control Council mapped three air corridors in addition to the surface road. These were between (1) Frankfort and Berlin, (2) Hamburg and Berlin and (3) Buckenburg and Berlin. The arrangements worked well for more than two years. , In recent months, however, it has become. clear that the Kremlin is in a hurry to Sovietize all Germany—with Berlin as its satellite capital. ; Russia, therefore, began the process of squeezing the British, French and Americans out of Berlin. 2

TI-'re Asking for Trouble

FIRST, last spring, Russia demanded the right to inspect all allied trains entering Berlin¥ The allies objected. When the Russians insisted, the allies withdrew all passenger trains. Next, the Russians set up inspection posts along the highways. Then they halted freight shipments, by truck, out of Berlin. Then all freight shipments by rail were forbidden—and when the British started using canal boats, the Russians stopped those, too. The allies then had to take to the air. That was the only way left for them to keep the 2,500,000 Berliners in the allied sectors from going hungry.

Now, in complete violation of the above understandings, the Russians seem determined to stop food and fuel flights, also. Into these jampacked allied air corridors to Berlin, the Russians now plan to send swarms of Red army planes, at night, flying blind. All the rest of the area around Berlin could be | used by the Russians. But apparently only.

and Americans will do for their “practice” | flights. “ ; he This is asking for trouble. Plane collisions in" these crowded air lanes seem inevitable. © After that, under the present tension, anything could happen. : 5

U. S. AFFAIRS . . . E T. Leech

You Pay the Bill—Just How Far Can We Go to Provide Security?

. ABOVE ALL ELSE, man longs for security. He wants to be safe—particularly when he gets old. Children look to their parents for this safety. And as they grow up, an increasing number of them look to government. Here in America there is a new wrinkle in the search for security—a theory that it's up to the employer to provide it. A : In either case, the idea has been growing that security can be had “for free”—that this most precious of man’s attainments can be put on a something-for-nothing basis. : If the effort is carried too far, it will boom-~ erang and undo much of the good that the so-

cial security system has done, It can even:

destroy it.

Security was the bait with which dictators trapped millions of people into giving up their liberties. Hitler and Mussolini actually provided, for a time, what looked like greater security for the masses. In order to get it, however, the Germans and Italians had to give up their freedom. And in the end, look what happened.

Under Stalin 'the Russians also have what

their propaganda pictures as security. Everybody has work; nobody has to reach his own decisions, and the poverty is rather evenly divided among everybody except a small Bolshevik aristocracy. : Security under state regulation is, and always has been, pretty much of the same type as that enjoyed by a life-term convict—compared to whom nobody. else is so safe and free from chance and change. But for those who are free, there seems to be no such thing as complete security.

How Far Can We Go?

SECURITY was once regarded simply as a matter of the individual working hard and saving something for a rainy day and old age. That was too brutal a viewpoint; many people, often for reasons beyond their control, could never gain even a fraction’ of security under that formula. So there grew the social theory that society —that is, the government—must help. Our present social security system is an outgrowth of this feeling. It has done much good, but some bad. In any event, it is ‘bound to continue—regardless of which party is in power. And it will probably be expanded. The big question which we face—and the one which has brought grief to so much of the world—is how far a state can go in providing security for its people. . If it tried to go too far, the state has to take over and run the economy. It can only «> this by destroying individual liberties. In

which case the people must throw themselves on the mercy of the politicians. And we have had some terrible examples of what can happen to people who do that.

Ever since the Bolshevik revolution of 1917

_ there has been tremendous emphasis on the

theory that the state must provide security. It can do so, according to this theory, only by taking over business and running it for the benefit of the people. . This was widely done—

yet the world was never so insecure as it is

today. So it seems desirable to examine what

‘makes for security. In the old days of the

work-hard-and-save theory, many people were able to provide security for themselves. Now it is public policy that they must help prowide security for others. :

The People Pay the Bills

BUT THE basic principle hasn't changed. If the state is to provide security, then the state must work hard to produce enough so it can save something to provide security for its citizens, But the “state” merely consists of the people who comprise it.- Unless enough of them work sufficiently hard and save enough—either through personal savings or taxes paid into government savings—security can’t be provided. The same thing is true of fhe new wrinkle which John L. Lewis has Been so successfully promoting—the provision of pensions collected by employers. ? Social security in either case—whether provided by the government or by <he corporations —requires that somebody work hard and pay dhe cost. And this somebody is the people— even including those who are receiving social security benefits. Taxes are paid hy the people, and become a part of the cost of everything we buy and use. Already they take 26 cents out of every dollar that Americans earn. Social - security provided through corpora-

tions, or by a fee such as the 20 cents which the United Mine Workers impose on every ton of coal, also are paid by the public.

We eventually get the bill, either in the form of taxation or cost of living or a combination of both.

The politician promises legislation to protect the people against insecurity. The union leader, to quote the words of one of them, wants a system which “will protect all our members against old age.”

* Both proposals imply that somebody can get security for nothing. But it doesn’t work out that way. As much of the world has been discovering, after sacrificing freedom in the false hope that the state can make everybody safe.

HUNT REDS . . .

InColleges

By RAYY MITTEN WASHINGTON, July 20 — Scores of state colleges and universities will be examined this year for signs of unAmerican activities among their faculties. The American Association of University Professors -expects a busy fall dealing with the results of the inquiries, reports Ralph Himstead, general secretary of the association. Currently the association is busy checking the cases of five | of its 28,000 members who were fired from their faculty posts for supporting Henry A. Wallace for President. of ol - - . MR. HIMSTEAD said a number of states are setting up un-American activities boards to investigate their colleges and universities. “We're gone through these things before,” he said. - He recalled that 20 years ago college instructors were being fired for belonging to the 3 Socialist. Party. And during the 1944 presidential campaign faculty members were being fired from Texas colleges for being New Dealers. The association does not condemn members for being members of the Communist Party, as long as it remains a legal party. :

COPR. 1944 BY NEA SERVIC, WC. T. M. REG. U. 8. PAT. OFF.

Side Glances—By Galbraith

ye Ns owt 2? Za

"20

“You had the right of, way? Isn't that just like a man—always

making up excuses!" >

Hoosier Forum |

————————————— *1 do not agree with a word that you say, but | will defend to the death your right fo say it."

TUES! Stat Hoc

Like a Three-Ring Circus? Go By Josephine Buck, Westfield, Ind. Are you enjoying the three-ring circus? Har That's what the political war. puts me in ming Exp of. They bring forth foolishness and the people follow madly. Our government is The In dignity. ; into the fi is ary aot Underneathim rks pases pam a : of fear. They are speaking of the end of time Indiana cit being near, but they rush om. Bas of 38 They dread drastic government changes OW which they fear will be made. They are grab. 0 dots ar bing wilfully for anything the government wil lic hearing’ give, but their depths of thought believe in qui. 1aXpa! eter stabilized ways. any taxpa: Nervous tension and fear is riding, but time come: people don’t want to find the core of it unto be too late cleansing. said. We have child preachers taking in thousands from gullible people excited by the novelty. It He said youth is so capable of great power of wisdom try to poin and virtue in great quantities, let's have a child in various President and governor. We might accidentally But he add get some place. It is a poor government, gen. “payers for erally speaking, that we now have. performed in their owl 3.0. 0 tax total Wi Says GOP Chose Its Best Men gh By C. D. Burton, City Ai vi The GOP convention was the most skill. high in the fully handled of any convention in history, June 30, bt There were many aspirants who had to be of tax cuts eliminated for obvious causes. There was Hal. the total f leck, Indiana’s favorite son, who voted against cut somewl the wage and hour law in 1838. Then Stas. “Meanwh sen failed to carry his state for forcing the taxes have aged people of Minnesota to sell their homes higher to be eligible to get old age pensions. 8 pelt Taft of Ohio carried the mark of the Taft. IE Hartley Act. Vandenberg as big business as the all tim well as labor know, his idea in regard to the in Indiana, Marshall Plah woud bankrupt and deplete the than $29 n resources o nation, revious hi Dewey and Warren bore the least marks Tne public 1 of the N. A. M. Although it broke a long. econom) standing criterion for the GOP never to run brought ab |. a defeated man. ‘ ing to mill : ® & Ki . In additic Praises Call to Congress Miesse sai By E. T. Egan, 701 Markwood Ave. more than Calling the extra session of Congress to Be take up unfinished business could be as con- alcoholic, be structive for Republican political fortunes as oline. car li Democrats. A one-more chance, so to speak. : In view of domestic and international events, Commen it is entirely justified outside either party's rising cost political fortunes—not bad business from either and local 1 point of view. , “It remir And as actions speak louder than words plays with it would not be bad campaign oratory—entirely learns that aside from the fact they would be on the of another job just in case they are needed. Jind: Bw The much touted bolting of the Southern a He ng delegations is the most serious break of na- of it comes tional import since the Civil War, ? “We can The leaders of this revolt may or may not in governn know this 'phase of states rights is unconsti- disregard t . tutional and ghould be Giscipined as such. limited spe Remembers 9 P. M. Curfews Premoni By F. O. R, City A. Greene, Many years ago, a shrill ‘whistle echoed attended a through the city of Indianapolis at 9 p. m. voters he ¥ The weird sound was a signal, called the re-election. curfew. It warned all juveniles to get for home, speaking b Children at that time, as I well remember, 2nd Hie

scampered for home. Some were caught napping and hailed by a policeman, were started homeward. Sometimes parents were notified that children were being held on street, until their arrival. It will take some time however, at this day and age, for all-to become accustomed to this old fashioned—yet modernized method. Children will be children, and the law will have its hands full. ‘I think we will learn that children will become better law abiding citizens than the grown-ups. 5 Nevertheless, this curfew business is a good

idea. Enforcement will make #t still better.

Labor .in_Polifics—

Lean to Truman?

By Fred W. Perkins

WASHINGTON, July 20—The Wolls, father and son, figured today in the labor political picture.

Matthew Woll, member of the AFL Executive Council, was calling for defeat of every Congress member who voted for the Taft-Hartley law.

At the same time his soh, J. Albert Woll, general counsel of the AFL, warned that use of labor-union money to achieve that objective may still'be a federal offense under that statute.

Analyzing the June 21 action of the Supreme Court in throwing out an indictment against Philip Murray and the CIO, General Counsel Woll said this “test case” directly decided little or nothing.

Unions Still in the Dar

LABOR organizations, he said, “are still in the dark as to the validity of federal restriction against the uSe of union funds in federal elec: tions.

“While some expressions and statements of the high court may give rise to the belief that the use of union funds in furth certain union political activities, other than those of the nature charged in the indictment in this case may not be forbidden, or if forbidden may be regarded as constitutionally protected, such belief is necessarily speculative and conjectural. Mr. Woll's views were. contained in an article in the “American Federationist,” AFL Magazine. He made no reference to the fact that the AFL is far more active politically this year than ever § through its League for Political Education. { The League is financed by voluntary con: J tributions, which are being solicited from all the eight million members of AFL unions. This activity, like the similarly financed CIO Politi. 2 Action Committee, is regarded as within the aw.

Le :or for Democratic Action

MATTHEW WOLL’S denunciation of Con gress ‘covered a wide range in addition to labof legislation. It was contained in a statement to the mem* bers of his union, the International Photo-En®

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- gravers.

He condemned the lack of housing legisla: tion, “artful dodging” on the cost-of-1ving question, refusal to increase the statutory minimum wage, and rejection bf social security extension. : “Of course, some good ‘come out of the last Congress,” he oo has “Grudgingly, ft has enacted the European Recovery Program: ‘““Hesitatingly, it has joined the nation io showing a firmer front against and calling # halt to the encroachments of the enslaving system of Communist totalitarianism. Bu here only a beginning has been made. “A much more far-sighted and forward-look: ing Congress will be needed.” Mr.’ Woll's criticism ‘of Congress bolstered predictions that a large part re AFL would > be found eventually in the Truman corner. 3° ugh there Jo idence of significant su of 0! Dewey-Warren iicket in some parts the Federation. b.

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