Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 March 1948 — Page 2
———
~ Czechoslovakia’s Communist yc" a aoe. and came out with
.
i it ir i
' Soviet Premier,
“ry Sr ge
Army retired from Czechoslovak soll
Stalin's Pledge to Respect Democracy e to Benes af Kremlin Meeting
i over half a continent from Czechoslovakia to the Bi we Starting his tour of duty as a pro-Soviet liberal, Lehrman tells in his book how Russian totalitarianism and Communist supof liberty in the satellite states compelled him, in order . to remain a liberal, tp hecome anti-Soviet. ;
By HAL LEHRMAN, Written for NEA Service . (Copyright, 1048, by NEA Sérvice, Inc.)
Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia through police terrorism and threat of a general strike was a flagrant double-cross by Soviet Generalissimo Josef Stalin. A wartime secret pledge by Stalin guaranteed that Czechoslovak independence, democracy, and ties with the West would be scrupulously respected by the USSR and
Party. It can now be revealed
the Soviet dictator gave his solemp guarantee in person to Ed-| uard Benes during a private Kremlin meeting with the Czechoslovak Presi- §
pictures of Thomas G. Masaryk, | that|revered founder of democratic Czechoslovakia, |
- » . 1 IN THE elections of early 1946, therefore, the. Communists— identified by the grateful Cgechs with the Russian liberators—won 38 per cent of the votes. Allied) {to the Soclal-Democrats, a Marx-|
i list but traditionally democratic : , they controlled sit moment, Czecho- party, they a majority
lof barely 51 per cent in the new | Parliament, * ! | When I saw Mr. Benes, who had been serving as provisional head of the government, he had just been elected President for a term of seven years, The vote for him had been unanimous-—at Communist suggestion. Red leader Klement Gottwald was busy forming the new cabinet, Mr. Benes was already sufferng from a complication of diabetes and arterio-sclerosis. His voice was thin and tired. But he looked confidently ahead to a fow tranquil years in his respected
post. “If the Communists should
slovak volun-~ teers, fighting shoulder - toshoulder with the Bed poy: 4 were : forward against Mr. Lehrman the Germans on the Eastern Front toward Vienna and Berlin, Fifteen months later, this writer heard the story from the lips of Benes himself. ' "Czéclioslo- | vakia’s venerable chief executive told it to me in a two-hour interHew I had with him in Prague's
» “Iitorce, I would resign and the nation would support me,” he said to me. . : " “But the Communists know the sturdy democratic instincts of our people. They know that nonparliamentary methods will be,
i
Double-Cross Sli echs Revealed
hr Lehrman, wartime chief of the OWI, in Turkey, later F rma Europe for- 18 months as correspondent for |
American and British newspapers. His current book, “Russia’s Europe,” is a vivid, personal account of the Soviet grasp for
1
by officials, dutifully marched out in
|press. Day by day, they
ready, try Confronted by the certainty of
ists, | I wonder now if he will do as he | told: me—resign the Presidency.
STI
g Favor i ns
Among
2 Parties Join Reds Backing Acceptance
HELSINKI, Mar. 2 (UP)—The Democratic and
J Social - Parties indicated today that their parliamentary delegations . favored negotiating with Russia— a twin decision which, with the already declared Communist stand, apparently gave the Soviet proposal a majority in parliament. .
The chairmen of the Social Democratic and Agrarian groups made it clear at a press conference that they expected to support the . Soviet request for negotiating a pact. The expressions by the chairmen did not, however, represent formal party action, which must be taken as soon as possible. Each party has 48 seats in the 200-seat parliament, while the Communistdominated democratic union has 50 seats. e foreign affairs committee of the cabinet earlier advocated invitation to join In studying the| accepting the overture by Premier Marshall Plan for European eco-|Josef Stalin.
nomic recovery. After chat, + Czechoslovak liberties went tend. CZOCh Red Denies Benes
¢ ey i s G9 Es
|
| 4 Bs CROSSED UP—President Eduard Benes of Czechoslovakia was promised by Joseph Stalin, while war was still on, that the Kremlin and ‘its agents would let the Czechs strictly alone, The Prague government was forced by Moscow to reject an already - accepted Anglo - French
effectively i used their authority -— as the port Bublishieg Shroad thal Presi
strongest party — over police, army, press, radio and labor to Was denied ofcially bY the Min inch their way toward totalitari- ¥ anism,
: ” r . VIOLATING the Inter-party agreement, they began demanding nationalization of more and more private enterprise. When Parliament objected, Communist spokesmen went over.the heads of the people's elected representatives and “appealed” directly to the people themselves. The labor unions, dominatd by Communist
could “neither confirm nor deny” the report... i A Ministry of Information spokesman said there was “no official report on this, and we Tegard the news as fantastic.” The spokesman
A at Seizimove Usti sald that dent's office
cial at that ules gas: ; “Nothing is to sonally, but no responsible official will be available
“spontaneous” demonstrations. Discovering trumped-up documents about an alleged conspirYs the . Communists succeeded n “pur,
LONDON, Mar. 2 (UP)—Diplopredicted
ened their grip on: the i today
‘Five-power : open in Brussels Thursday. Reports from the Benelux countries —Belgium, The Netherlands, Tauxembourg—indicated that a general agreement in principle
Mac Silent on Return EY ad Teashed. TOKYO, Mar. 2 (UP) — Maj. : Gen. Claire L. Chennault is ial Slates Card Party pared to return to Washington to| A card party will be held at 8 testify on China before the House p. m.. Saturday by the Lynhurst Foreign Affairs Committee, but| Auxiliary, OES, in the Wayne Gen. appar- Park Garage, 4808 W, Washing-
large-scale bloodshed, tired old Eduard Benes threw in his hand.
2 3
MacArthur ently has not yet decided, it wasiton Bt. Mrs. Sarah Weakly is reported today. | chairman,
i Lad
ty downbitt, Has Resigned His Post : + RITAIrS, Som~ ’ > In. ihterntl. aztair PRAGUE, Mar. 2 (UP)—A re-
¢
home.
theology.
and
maidish.”
gaged in religious work. I am independen and teach high school church girls y I've dated several single men 'to mine, and they have different religious ideas. I need friends. : . EX-MAN-HATER. Be careful—your maturity and education may make you de- , Marrying semeone with similar views is wise, but don’t expect the man to agree with you completely. Don't be smug
about your education and independence. A man likes to dazzle
FR recent
in service. When first
summer?
succeeded. Now, after 32 er a “man-hater.” I wish home-maker. it I make more impression
‘IT have a good education
. I'm considered at keen sense of himor, and I'm a good how to dress and act. I don’t smoke or drink, but I'm not “oldI dress modestly, but becomingly to a Christian ent and do secular work, |
but thelr education was inferior
person because of looks? killer, and a homely. plain face, the soul of a saint. - I have a friend who 1s hard-working, has &-husband and daugh-| ards ter, doesn’t smoke or drink, helps her neighbors’ childre: religious—yet her face has a “bad” look. To me, it's unforgiveable to form opinion of people because their looks deceive you, without bothering to find out what they are deep in their souls.| Commi A FRIEND, improved by ob-
charity, and is
Reader Needs Help oh
T'VE WRITTEN a story plot but can’t write dialog. I characters
a story writer? Write National Writers’ Club, Denver ( Grumet Co., 505 5th Ave., New York City.
Li’> With In-Laws Presents Problem
ys,
EY oe
a ve, have a
you and to think that you need him. You might meet a man with your interests by ta
tional college training or by engaging in social work. U. 8. Census Bureau report shows that the number of marriageable men your age exceeds women by more than 800,000.
Who Has Right to Judge ‘Looks’?
DO YOU THINK anyone has the right to pass judgment on a Many an angel face has the soul of a
the plot. It has 15 pe
I find
"Don’t you think that a face can always be serving other faces and by reading beauty hints?
Is Girl, 15, Old Enough to Date? I HAVE a girlfriend, 15, but she looks older. Her paren won't let Her have dates. She has a few but they don't know it. she old enough to go with boys and if she is, how can her parents think so? ye 4 Her parents have known her longer than you deprive their daughter
g
re I had & husband and could be a}
ist, I know
n, sews for
~ ‘Your views are sensible, but T wonder about
on married men than on single| men, but I'm refraining from being a home-breaker to get a|
including four years in a school of pleasing
new male TER.
of READ 2), Colo, and Olshin
-
IM EITHER GOING to move or my husband can live with sign |his mother and I'll go live with mine. I'm 24 and have a daughter, 5. We've lived with my mother-in-law the seven Years neve been married except for three years I spent with my folks he was married we talked of moving to ourselves. His mother cried and threw a fit and my husband wouldn’t move but fixed the house so we could have our own rooms. She isn't alone— his sister is divorced and lives with her mother. His mother doesn't need our help as she has rent from three houses and my husband sent her $25 a month the three years he was in needed the money. She isn't ill and always is taking trips. Our rooms are small and the baby is getting too big for her bed—there isn't room for a larger bed. My husband agrees that we need more room but won't move wouldn't have them. : . Am I being unreasonable. to
service, when 1
. I've rented two houses and he say I won't stay here another : i MRS, C.
Cleared of Charges Of Consorting With Russian Spies WASHINGTON, Mar. 2 (UP)—Dr. Edward VU. Condon's gov. ernment. superiors today cleared the atomic scientist of charges of consorting with Soviet spise. But he stilt faced the prospect of a congressional luvestigation. Ligh o Two congressional committees showed Interest in thir accusa. a’ House Un-American’ Activi. EE ————————————— Is “completely reliable, loyal, conscientious and devoted to the interests of my country.”
Tw.
Dr. E. u. Condon
security,” he sald, “then the nation need have nb fears”
Dr, Condon was named direc. tor of the Bureau of Standards in 11045 by Henry Wallace, then Commerce Secretary. In that Post he is in charge of top-secret scientific research for the armed forces. He has been identified with developments in radar rockets and the atom bomb, The un-American Activi Subcommittee said that ities Dr. Condon, the Bureau of Stand. ards “has become the target of espionage agents“ of numerous foreign powers.” {- While not charging Dr.Condon with being a Communist, the subcommittee said he has
Dr. Condon
tee planned to fog consider them later this week, Rep. J. Parnell Thomas (R. N. 1.), ‘chairman of the ‘atter group, was a member of the .subcommittee that assailed Dr. Con‘idon last night.” - Ci Given Clean Bill The Commerce Department, “which has jurisdiction over the Bureau of Standards, issued a statement declaring that its loyalty board had given Dr. Condon a clean bill of health.
ly, with American Communists and alleged Russian agents,
The House group said FBI Chief J. Edgar Hoover advised Commerce Secretary W. Averell Harriman by letter as far back as May, 1945, that Dr. Condon Russian
“no reasonable exist for spies. believing that Dr. Condon is disloyal to the government of the Harriman Silent United States.” Are (In Sun Valley, Ida, where he At the safe time, & spokesman Is vacationing, Mr. re.
Harriman for the Atomic Energy Commis-| fused comment. He is due back sion apparently cleared up one of | In Washington. later today.) Another charge imade against Mr. Condon was that he “has lent his name and. influence to
not established princi loyalty status. ol The commission spokesman said, however, that Dr. Condon’s status is listed as “pending” only because the group is awaiting results of the Commerce Department's inquiry. Presumably when last week's report is sent to the commission, he will be okayed. Dr. Condon, a former Princeton professor. who observes his 46th birthday today, said his entire lcareer has dem ted that he
one of the Communist
endeavors in the United States.” The subcommittee identified, this
5 §
jit fis :
! ii
v ll i fos i}
g : i
i
For
Start
in the government of the USSR. We have signed an agreement for nonintervention in domestic affairs, and I know you will keep ft.. But I am worried about our Communists.” . you think I should speak; . to them?” Mr. Stalin asked.
would be an intervention in our domestic affairs. I can only tell you there is no party in Csechoslovakia which could be used against the Soviet Union, We have no choice, Some day Ger. many may rise again. Germany| ‘is our mortal enemy, Our Com-| munists have no need to fear any| party will ever go against Russia. We shall remain your friends, beaause we know that if not we . Shall be destroyed hy Germany.” . »
» HOWEVER, BENES told the Czechoslovakia must be allowed to shape her future in her own democratic manner, unhampered by Communist revolutionary tactics or Russian pressure. “A free Czechoslovakia,” he assured Stalin, “will be more 1eHable for your security than a Communist Czechoslovakia, be-| cause all the people will support] it. And a free Czechoslovakia means one which retains her historical ties with western civilization, We cannot change from one day or one century to another,” Stalin listened gravely to all this and then said with firmness: “Mr. President, I agree wiih “you completely. Please believe that we have no intention of interfering. We respect your complete independence.’ We shall honor your good relations with our western allies. 1 agree w'th you also about the Communists. We shall not ask them to comnit any stupidities.” The Soviet léader had been as good as hig word up to that point, Benes told me with satisfaction. No “stupidities” were committed. After a decent interval following the German collapse, the Russian |
‘The Communists kept taithfully to a: bargain with three stner anti-Nasi parties for a limited na- , tionalization of only the larger
J.
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“If I am a weak link in atomic
either knowingly or unknowing-
ages and thre: ore residential ar The fire broke ¢ fee Spring Co., Ti shortly before 3 $20,000 damages. g A watchman, Ve covered a. small northeast corner He tried to call fir the office phone ot passing police cs leaping flames a later. Call Extra Extra vehicles w protection agains nearby gas tanks. A Pure Oil Co. 8 is located next doo company. Firemen said 20 erude oil were ste factory but that reach the area. ' used in the firm's Wilts Steel Firemen confine fire to the northea Intense heat wilte beams and: left t like straws, A tar carried flames int the factory but struction kept it | heavy damages. 0. J. Strayer, pr firm which manu . mobile springs, would total at lea said the plant will eration .about two The flames jum and gutted three: § 2300 block of Hoyt began moving the of houses in the i peared winds = mig flames over the ni Residents said
Indiana Bell Tele at least 20 phones order in the area, i result of a cable | by the intense hea
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A 34-year-old forn henchman today beg term in the state pris gan City, William A. Shaw w Yesterday by Judge | in Criminal Court, D 80 a member of a s and burglary ‘ring po recently, Shaw plead the armed robbery « Koor, 58, manager Brothers’ Department 43 Shelby St., last fall Shaw, who confet other crimes at the Arrest, bragged of be feur for John Dilling W) was only a s
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TS —————————————— Gary Na ito's Gary iS ey fations in the United
Sending appeals to th
ent urging aid f Hoosfer, native of G:
feported Police, Jailed by T
They refer to the Se 8a Orthodox Metre rfajevo, Varnava, | n Be wane was Vojis 214, the son Zorka Nastic, H a left Serbia in 1905 an » but returned to had + in 1023, lo il : tended in Gary,