Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 December 1947 — Page 5
19, 1047 i 435 B Nobis, incént’s, periton. J
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26 Bellefontaine, 7, at Methodist, 2, at Methodist, BM. at 114% a oat 0 Broad8 Central, core. , at 1B. Ray, at 620 §. Merid. 8. Warren, cereMethodist, ‘cere. M, sd hong, General, ‘Gerebfal
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* peoples of these countries might
“be met only by the surrender of
Jeconomic system and to forego, for
. gram because of the vital impor-
. - “
FRIDAY, DEC. 19, 1047
‘e
THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES
Thm
Marshall Plan Called Key Step to Peace in.
Congress Message
(Continued From Page QOhe) ttotal estimated cost of $17. billion mine whether the free countries of, Would be only about 5 per cent of
able to preserve (De cost of the U. S. war effort, and. § will be p {less than 3 per cent of U. 8. national.
their heritage of freedom.
7 !income during the next four years. -“If Europe fails to recover the
“As an investment toward the peace and security of the world and toward the realization of hope and confidence in a better way of life for the future, this cost is small indeed,” the President asserted. Record Relief Request Mr Truman emphasized that he could not guarantee the success of the largest peacetime request for foreign aid ever asked of an American Congress. . He gloomily observed that some “unfavorable changes” have occurred since Secretary of State
be driven to the philosophy of despair—the ‘philosophy which contends that their basic wants can
their basic rights to totalitarian control.
“Such a turn “of events would constitute a shattering blow to the peace of the ‘world. It might well compel us to modify our own
the sake of our own security, the enjoyment of our freedoms and
rivileges.” p ,| George C. Marshall first proposed a
M Blankets Western Reich | broad European aid program last it n June 5 in his now-famous Harvard
Germany under the recovery pro- speech.
tance of German resources to On the debit side, the President general European reconstruction, He Satd world prices had increased, emphasized, however, that “every serious droughts had occurred in precaution” would be taken to Europe, “and aggressive activities prevent a resurgence of German by Communists and Communist-in-military power. spired groups aimed directly at the The President said the aid pro- prevention of European recovery" gram and the entire realm of Dad cropped up. American foreign policy are “in But on the credit side, he pointed complete harmony” with the world out that ‘coal production in the peace objectives of the United Na- German Ruhr district had increased tions. from 230,000 to 290,000 tons a day, With a thinly veiled reference to coal output has also increased in Russia's campaign to defeat the Britain in recent weeks, with corEuropean aid program and Amer- responding boosts in iron and steel ican objectives in carrying it out production. Mr. Truman said “attempts by any Cites Red Perils nation te prevent or sabotage Euro- “Political events in Europe and pean recovery for selfish ends are in the rest of the world cannot be clearly contrary to these purposes.” accurately foreseen,” the President The President conceded that the.continued. “We must not be blind
very size of the project will require to the fact that the Communists
“self-denial” by the American peo- have announced determined opple. Although the burden should not position to any effort to help be ignored or minimized, he said, Europe get back on its feet. “neither should it be exaggerated.” | “There will unquestionably be He told the lawmakers that un-/ further incitments to strike, not for der the program, American exports the purpose’ of redressing the to the whole world during the next legitimate grievances of particular year “are expected to be no greater groups, but for the purpose of than our total exports during the bringing chaos in the hope that it past 12 months.” will pave the way for totalitarian Wars on Inflation | control.” In this connection, Mr. Truman, “Op the other hand, if confidence got in & plug for the 10-point anti- and optimism are re-established inflation program that he present- soon, the spark they provide can ed to Congress with little success. kindle united efforts to a degree He said the proposed exports—in- which would substantially accelerate cluding grains, steel, cotton, pe- the progress of European recovery.” troleum and machinery—doubtless| The nations which would receive would have an “important impact’ American aid under the unon our markets,” but added: | precedented peace time program are “The measures I have already Afstria, Belgium, Denmark, France, proposed to the Congress to fight Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, general domestic inflation will be Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Noruseful, as well, in cushioning the way, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, impact of the European aid pro- Turkey, and the United Kingdom. gram.” Aid would also be extended to
The the President noted that the'their territorial possessions, which
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PRESIDENT TRUMAN are rich in many raw materials needed by the U. 8. Cites Rejection of Offer In addition to those countties, Mr. Truman said, “Our program of
United> States’ aid also includes western Germany.” In passing; the President noted that the Soviet satellite countries in eastern: Europe had turned down the Marshall offer of American aid, He said that their decision “makes this effort more difficult and will updoubtedly prolong their own economic difficulties.” In ‘his message, the also: a ONE: Promised other nations in this hemisphere and Asia‘that their needs have not been forgotten. He said special recommendations on aid to China would be sent to Congress during, its regular session. TWO: Declared that only the United States has sufficient eco! nomic strength to cope with the war-induced shortage of raw- materials, productive capacity, and exportable commodities that have “set up vicious circles of increasing scarcities and lowered standards of living” in Europe. Urges Full Production THREE: Reiterated that the productive capacity of western Germany must be effectively utilized for European recovery, but “every precaution must of course be taken against a resurgence of military power, ..."” Congress early next vear will be asked for an additional $822 million to prevent “disease and unrest” in the Anglo-American zone. FOUR: Asserted that the European project is in full harmony with the United Nations charter which expressed determination “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.” The greatest practicable use will be made of United Nations facilities and fits related agencies in the execution of the program. FIVE: Attacked Communist-in-“suspicions, prejudices and fabrications which undermine cooperative effort, both at home and abroad.” Mr. Truman warned that “half-
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President
{chances for stability in Europe.
|
‘Icreate “conditions of enduring peace western. hemisphere countries, and
{States is striving to insure that there will never be a World War od legislation laid down the broad mm principle that all food and consum-
| States has consistently sought fair {and workable treaties for
PAGE 3
sks $17 Billion For Borers.
, hearted and half-way help” would were. presented to members of the only.” amount .to more | recovery,
“relief-—not. Senate Foreign Relations, and the: * A skeletonized approach, House Foreign Affairs Committee he added, would likely destroy, the by the State Department. The document gave a commodity” “The ~ chief’ executive carefully breakdown of Améfican spending, spelled ‘out United States efforts to What could be expected of other
“elaborated on the proposed administrative agency.
Food, Goods Classified The message and the recommend-
throughout the world.” : In pompany with other peace-lov-ing nations, he said, “the United
United er goods should be regarded as gifts Capital goods would require loans. former The ability of recipient, countries to enemy states, although he did not pay, however, would be a determindirectly mention Soviet obstruction- ing factor whether. grants or loans
Mr. Truman said the
{ism at the unsuccessful London Big would be made.
Four Foreign Ministers Conference’ Loans would be handled by the on the German and Austrian peace Export-Import Bank. Authority was pacts, requested to make purchases outThe President told Congress that side the United States, his proposed “economic co-operation Legislation requested would auadministration” to handle the pro- thorize the Reconstruction Finance gram should be on a. level with Corp. to advance $300 million to other major government depart- start the program until actual funds ments with a single administrator are appropriated. in command. The official breakdown of the But the agency would be subject proposed aid disclosed that it would to direction from the Secretary of fall into approximately 28 major State to insure that its operations categories, including grains, cotton, were co-ordinated with American iron and steel, petroleum and ma: foreign policy. chinery. No estimate was made of Proposes $20,000 Pay dollar loans or grants, . The top administrator, who would Door. Left Open be paid $20,000 a year, would be ap- Under terms of the proposed bill, pointed by the President, subject to the door is left open for future pars Senate confirmation, ticipation of other European counA deputy director would serve for tries if they agree to follow the ob$17.500 a year. They would work di- jectives of the co-operative plan.‘ rectly with an ambassador-at-large Tt similarly provides for the diswho would carry out responsibilities qualification of any participating of the program in Europe. He would country if it fails to live up to the be paid $25000 a year. basic principles, Mr. Truman asked Congress to. Each of the 18 participating give the new agency wide powers to countries would be required to sign initiate the program project-by- bilateral agreements with” the project, country by country; to reg- United States. In turn, they would ulate supervision, co-operative as- be required to sign multilateral sistance, and other policy matters, Agreements between themselves and to award it “flexible” power to The 16 European nations at their determine operating methods and Paris conference estimated the cost use of funds. Quarterly reports on Of the recovery program-.at from its operations would be sent to Con- $19.311,000000 to $22, 440,000,000. gress. The President said the new agency would need only a small staff. He foresaw no need for- a ‘vast new agency or corporation.” Plan Widely Backed Mr. Truman said he was eneouraged by indications of support for the program which have come from American workers, farmers, businessmen and other groups. He acknowledged that Congress already has given thoughtful consideration to the "grave issues now | before us.” - He called for approval of the leg- +
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Those figures would virtually be met with Mr. Truman's $17 billion proposal plus as hoped-for $4,100,000,000 from the International Jf Bank, private credits, $600 million in aid from non-western hémisphere countries and Assistance om | other sources,
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(Continued From Page One) though no higher than this year, “nevertheless will have an important impact on our markets.” Prices may well rise unless controls are approved. § 116-118 W. 30th St. CONDITIONS ON U. §. HELP— Hh A A A AC A A YC CY Recipient countries ‘must sign bi- : lateral agreements with the United STRAUSS. SAYS
States, and multi-lateral pdcts among themselves, pledging a co- . STORE HOURS: I SATURDAY—9 till §
operative effort for their mutual) recovery Any other European coun- | Monday and Tuesday — 9 Hill 8, On Wednesday we close at | —
tries may join in later if they agree to adhere to those condition FORM OF: AMERICAN HELP— Partly in the form of grants and partly in the form of loans depending on the ability of recipient countries to repay. In general, food and consumer googs would be provided
Merry Christmas
as gifts, .Jaterials for capital development would be provided under loans STOCKPILES — Recipient nations and their possessions would be expected to sell strategic materials to the United States on reasonable
terms. The materials would include tin; Industrial diamonds, natural rubber, quinine, manesnese hro={
. PURCHASES American aid funds could be used to purchase commods=
BUY A DOBBS
ities outside the United States, principally in. Latin-America and GIFT CERTIFICATE Canada. These countries in Addition. will be able to assist Europe FROM 8.00 d p with grants-in-aid, credits, “and re- . an u
duction of prices "
il There's a- miniature hat box—a miniature
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HAMILTON conforms with his cranial and architectural United States support for European Authorized Dealer ° BULOYA features—(He keeps the little box and the
: islation by April 1. “I recommend this program of recovery to the Congress in full ’ confidence of its wisdom and necessity as a major step in our nation's Y quest. for a. just and lasting peace,” Mr. Truman concluded. Before the President's = was read by Senate and House : clerks, “100 copies of a 275-page T§ Cor. Station and Roosevelt synopsis of the program and a recommended bill to carry it out
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