Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 December 1947 — Page 31

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"WEDNESDAY, DEC. 10, 1947

Red Grip on Manchuria Clinched by Truman, Most Chinese Believe

Report He Applied Pressure to Fulfill

FDR's Commitments at Yalta

By CLYDE FARNSWORTH, Scripps-Howard Staff Writer NANKING, Dec. 10~The late President Roosevelt unwittingly may have opened the way at Yalta for Russian domination of Manchuria, informed Chinese here beliche. But it was President Truman, they $ say, who clinched:the Yalta deal. { This is the construction they put on President Truman's reported i eleventh-hour pressure on the Chinese to fulfill President Roosevelt's Yalta commitments for restoration of Russia's “former rights” and|the kill, made Russia more amen-“pre-eminent interests” in ‘Man-|ahle to Chinese demurrers.

churia. . . That Buse at Port Arthur

The Yalta pact 6f Messrs. Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin, for example, clearly states that the “preeminent interests” of Russia on Manchurian railways should be safeguarded and that Port Arthur be leased outright to Russia as a naval base. On that basis the Russians de-

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spondent by a’ most trustworthy source. ‘The dis-- % closure fits an- . other jigsaw piece = =» i into one of the ! greatest policy mysteries of U. 8.

history, hs manded the right to station their Briefly — bes Mr. Farnsworth [OWn police on Manchurian frunk-| cause tHe actual record is still bur- lines. “The Chinese opposed—and| ied in the secret archives of Non- (Wil-e80 far as the treaty was conking and Washington—a Truman (cerned. And instead of leasing Port | message in June, 1945, only two Arthur, the Chinese won a treaty | months before the capitulation of Provision for a joint, Chinese-Rus-Japan, is said to have urged that Sian naval base there. it would be in “China’s best in-| Of course, what the Chinese won terest” to settle with Russia as on paper scarcely matches what pre-payment for a Russian declara- they got. Manchuria has been tion of war against Japan. |rurned into a great base for Chi{nese Communists. End Chinese Hopes _ [have not been torn up are mostly The Chinese, of course, don't|in the hands of Communists. And credit Mr. Truman personally with the Chinese Navy has yet to drop the decision. They believe it rep-|anchor at Port Arthur or Chinese

MAAN

thinking at the time of the Ameri- pajren. can State, Navy and War Depart- |

Railways that

League's meet in Atlantic. City, Cavendish Trophy, from William tor. The pair, Charles. Goren, of bert G. Ansin, of Boston, Mass., pionship.

Secretary Says Year's Rest iw oc uin tm w With Pay Is "Hard Work’

Woman Employee of Chicago ‘Ad’ Agency Ee First to Win Vacation Under 6-Year Plan Nah Walking Bar

CHICAGO, Dec. 10 (UP)—Nelli

or three-week vacations each summ

BRIDGE ROYALTY—The King and Queen of Bridge won't ' pass this time. They're on hand at the’ American Contract Bridge

" THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

i Hives, Says Doctor

1 | Called Bankers Disease | During Depression | | CHICAGO, Dec. 10 (UP)—Worryling can sometimes bring on a case of hives, and a little applied psy[chology may be the only ‘cure, a! iskin expert said today. | Dr, Paul OLeary of the Mayo (Clinic, Rochester, Minn, said that| {researchers began to suspect the! »| psychological origins of many skin | [diseases during the depression {years of the early Thirties. “We had so many bankers coming for treatment of hives after their institutions failed that we called the skin eruptions ‘bankers’ disease,’ * he "Said. Dr. O'Leary, attending the an{nual convention of the American {Academy of Dermatology and |Syphilogy here, referred to what n he termed the “vicious circle” as [applied to skin diseases. ’ “A person gets upset and bis skin breaks out. The person scratches . d worries about the sort spot. He N. J., to get their award, the 1 AT, ‘ . 7ets m as Ss | E. McKenney, NEA bridge adi Mie! ore upset and the case Brows) i i d Mrs. Her- : | Philadelphia Pa., ana M % or The best man to treat such pa-| won the world mixed pairs cham-

tients, he said, is the family phy-| siclan,

“The family doctor turns out to knows the circumstances well

enough to realize what is wrong,” he “Said.

e Mason said today that taking a

resented the best—or dominant— chins to enter the nearby port of Year's vacation with pay is hard work. | Miss Mason, who had worked as a secretary for 25 years with two n en agon g | A | Y |

er, just finished the fifth month of

om ory Can Cause

Shristmas Store

ments. The message is said to have ended Chinese hopes that they might entirely stall off a Chinese-Soviet treaty of “alliance and friendship,” or at least accede to President Roosevelt's Yalta commitments in an emasculated form. If the atomic bomb had been ready for use a few weeks earlier, they might have succeeded. Ironically, the Chinese found themselves in. Moscow signing the Yalta-based pact with Russia on Aug. 14, 1045, That was eight days after Hiroshima was blasted by the A-bomb, six days after Russia invaded Manchuria, four days after Japan sued for peace and on the same day Japan capitulated. Whittled a Little As things worked out, the Chinese signed a treaty with Russia as the least ‘ objectionable course. They believed Russia would occupy Manchuria anyway, on the basis of the Yalta commitments, which as a permanent arrangement would have been even more onerous, The Chinese count it some re: ward for their dilatory tactics that Russia, in order to gain a treaty basis for her prospective Manchurian sphere, was willing to have Yalta whittled downs little. Rapidly vanishing Japanese resistance, and a hurry to get in on

ISLE

Death Rate Dives

| |

As Incomes Rise

{ {survey of 92 cities of more than | 100,000 population showed today

{that the death rate in the Ame:iLean family -decreases-as-income of the homemaker increases.

The report, first of a series by the United States Public Health Service dealing with all counties in the nation, also showed that the average mortality rates for syphilis, chronic| diseases, influenza and pneumonia, appendicitis and hernia decrease consistently from the lowest to the highest income groups. | “As was true for the total death rate,” the report said, “the decrease between the lowest and middie groups is much greater than tnat |between the middle and highest groups.” The report showed, however; that for the infectious diseases, for tuberculosis, pellagra, diseases of tne ear, nose and throat, the average

slight increase between the middie and highest groups.

{Miss Mason-was-the first of Mr.

The first few weeks of her vacaition were a

rates decrease between the lowest for you.” and middle. groups, but show f

a year off with full wages. She said she thought working an eighthour day is more restful than gallivanting around the country. She works for an advertising = — — ——— agency which gives all employees a until’ 10 in the morning, or noon. 12-month leave after six years of Now it's a job getting up in time |service. The plan was originated (4 make the next train, she said. {by her employer, M. Glenn -Miller,| her fire, five

Miss Mason, in

NEW YORK, Dec. 10 (UP)—A Who asked only that the vacationers| oe visited Montana, the Ca- of a 42-year-old former employee

stay out of the office and write | adian Rockies, Jasper National nim onee a. Week to say what a Park, Glacier National Park, toured good time they are having. {through Washington, where she First One to Go lspent several months with relatives, and then traveled through Oregon;

Miller's employees to go. She tcok {off July 1 on a western tour, o1,q California and parts of Mexico.

lis resting up at home before travel-| The second half of her trip wil ling through the East. [take her to Boston, New York, | Washington, Atlanta, “and any “real rest” from the|Place else I decide to go.”

|work she had been doing for more| . “I think with less than haif my| |than two decades, but then using up| vacation used up I'm already more, | leisure hours became a job, she said.| Valuable as an employee,” Miss Ma- | «Mr. Miller gave us the choice ofson said. “But it will be nice to get {traveling or going to school,’ she|back to an eight-hour day.’ | |said. “The only requirement was eR {that we learn something so we

= | | |proportions, Then he would make {would be more valuable workers. | | g aC {his rounds.

| “I can tell you it's been a lot of

work—and also a lot of fun. I'm having the kind of time I've sw Marchal Plan dreamed about, but it's been a bit {difficult figuring out what to do for| {12 whole months, instead of having] WASHINGTON, Dec. 10 (UP)— your nine-to-five life all figured (ut Mark Ethridge, publisher of the | Louisville (Ky) Courier - Journal, ‘Real Work,’ She Says |said yesterday that war will break At first, she said, it was “real out in Europe if Congress rejects work,” making herself stay in bed the Marshall Plan for European reTTY SMES covery. He made the statement at a luncheon sponsored by Americans | for Democratic Action, which made | public a study defending the Mar-

SR 4

{shall Plan as the “constructive alternative” to European collapse. , Mr. Ethridge, who has served in { eastern Europe as an official Amer- | ican trouble shooter, said he “heartily indorsed” the study.

era

|munist, the American people first | would retreat into “splendid isola- | onism” and then, through their anxiety, would embark on a pro- | gram of “imperialism and regimeni |tation approaching faseism.” Paul A, Porter, who headed a {Greek aid mission, defended the {$300 million Greek aid program. He {said the Communists would have taken over Greece if the so-called

| munism had not been developed and |carvie through. He criticized the delay in putting the Greek aid program into effect. ‘Nelson Quits Movie Job

HOLLYWOOD, Dec. 10 (UP)

i A SA

«=. |years president of the Society of ° |Independent Motion Picture Froducers, last night announced his resignation, effective Jan, 31. Mr, Nelson was head of the war-time { production board.

| urement of length ever “attained reported today. It has accomplished this by fi

By turning gold under neutron bombardment into mercury of atomic weight 108, the bureau has {produced something more valuable [than’ gold to science—a length {standard so precise that it makes {the official metal meter rod as outmoded as the buggy.

21 Millionths of an Inch

The new standard is the léngth lof a single wave of green light | radiated by mercury 198, a form of | the slippery metal which does not {exist in a pure state in nature. | This wave of green light is 21 millionths of an inch long. It makes possible measurements of length precise to one part in 100 million, Purther refinement of equipment is expected to produce “a precision of one part in 1 biltion," A “Such precision in the measure{ment of length.” according to "Dr. |B, U. Condon, director of the bu|reau, “has never before been at{tained by man.” The advantage of a light-wave {standard over something made of ‘matter, the bureau said, is that “it

“

He /said if Europe went Com-!

| Truman doctrine to contain com-|

Denald M, Nelson, for the past tvo|

Atomic Energy Turns Out Precise Length Standard

Neutron Bombardment Changes Gold Into Mercury, Creating Tiny Light Wave

By JOSEPH L. MYLER, United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, Dec. 10—Atomic energy, by succeeding where the medieval alchemists failed, has given science the most precise meas-

alchemist's dream of turning mercury into gold.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 8 (UP)=A! one-man bootleg ring which has| been “smuggling” liquor into the government's huge Pentagon building for the last six months was| broken up today. {

Army officials disclosed the arrest

who, they said, converted himself into a walking bar and sold whisky to Pentagon cafeteria workers for 25 cents a shot. /

Building guards finally caught him in the act of peddling a stiff snort to a regular customer yesterday. They had been trying since early summer to track down the only bar in the otherwise bone-dry Army headquarters, | According to Pentagon police, the man would park his car every day outside the Pentagon, stuff his pockets with a few half-pint Hottles of whisky and a shot glass of noble

| Regular. customers could buy a

{full bottle for $1.50, or go with the '

| pedestrian oasis to a nearby wash{room and buy a drink for a quarter,

Eyes Found Ready ror Reading at b

The public health bureau of the American Optometric Association said today that eight out of. 10 {children are not “visually mature” ienough at 6 years of age to begin |reading. : | According to research on vision and school achievement reported by the bureau, inability to read is re{sponsible for more than 80 per cent of failures in the first grade.

About half of the slow readers in the elementary grades have a see< ing problem, the bureau reported.

| Only 19 states have laws requiring | administration of vision tests in schools to reveal the visual efficiency for “near point” tasks such as reading and writing.

The bureau points out that a child learns to see just as he learns to walk or talk, and sometimes in learning to see, visual skills are improperly developed.

Ship Movements

By United Press { Ship movements scheduled today: | Arriving at New York—-Queen Mary | Southampton; Edam, Rotterdam; B8anta | Rosa, Cartagena; Santa Sofia, Cartagena | Departing From New York-American Banker, remen; Batory, openhagen Robin Goodfellow, Capetown Victory, Port Beid; West Linn Victory, Antwerp: Agamemnon, Puerto Sucre; Ancon, Cristobal; Mormacwave, Montevideo, Santa Catalina, Mollendo, Arriving at San Francisco = Bushnell from Pearl Har

r—————

by man,” the Bureau of Standards

Willing in reverse the centuries-old

is indestructible and exactly reproducible.” | Scientists requiring greater precision than could be achieved by physical standards have been using the wavelengths of red radiations from heated cadmium, 1553,163.13 of which equal one meter. A meter is 30.37 inches. Half a Dozen Weights But cadmium exists in half a dozen different atomic . weights which radiate slightly different wavelengths, This is like “receiving six different radio stations on nearly the same frequency,” the bureau sald, and makes for less precision than that now obtainable from mercury 198. human eye is seven times more sensitive to green than to red light. The bureau's mercury measure was developed by Dr; William P. Meggers. In 1942 microscopic amounts of mercury 198 were produced for him by the University of California cyclotron. In 1045 the bureau sent a small amount of gold to the Oak Ridge, Tenn, atomic plant where it was transmuted into

erre Haute |

Morteaver, the].

mercury 198 in a nuclear pile,

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Hours’ Daily, 9 A. M. to 535 P.M.

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