Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 November 1947 — Page 20

The Indianapolis Times = a g-

PAGE 20 = Thursday, Nov, 6, 1947 a

ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W Editor Business

A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER TT

Owned and published. dally (except Sunday) by Indianapolis Times Publishing Co. 214 W. Marylund st. Postal Zone 8. . Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, NEA/ Service, and Audis Bureau of Circuiations.

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U. 8. possessions, Canada and México, - $1.10 a month. Telephone RI ley 5851 ive LAght and the People Will Pind Their Own Way

Thirteen Minutes

"AST July eight Negro convicts were shot. to death by white guards in a state highway prison camp in Glynn County, Georgia. Last week the report of President Truman's Commit. tee on Civil Rights cited-these slayings as “a particularly shocking instance” of what it termed ‘at best, unsatisfactory police. work . . . and, at worst, a callous willingness to kill.” It urged federal measures—including a stronger law | { against police brutality and relajed crimes, and an anti- | lynching law—to protect the civil rights of those whose | lives and personal security are not adequately protected by | the states. The committee quoted testimony of one witness that the Georgia convicts were not trying to escape, and that there as “no justification” for the killings. It pointed out that a Ghoa County Grand Jury had exonerated the warden and-| four guards. It added that last month they were indicted by a Federal Grand Jury on Charges of violating the | Negroes’ civil rights. This indictment, according to other sources, was resented by many people in Georgia and other Southern states as “federal interference.” . Tuesday, after a trial held in Glynn County, a Federal | Court jury held the warden and guards not guilty. The jury “deliberated” just 13 minutes to reach its verdict. Beyond doubt, both the verdict and its speed met wide | approval in the community. And we see no reason to be- | lieve that the verdict would have been different, or would have been pondered longer, if the trial had been conducted under a stronger law, |

Adequate protection of civil rights is not merely a | matter of enacting stronger federal laws. Persons accused of crime have a right to be tried by a jury of the state and district wherein the alleged crime was committed. That | also is a civil right, guaranteed by the Constitution. So the effectiveness of laws depends finally upon whether jurors are willing to enforce them. The strongest laws Congress could pass would be ineffective, .we believe, without determined and successful efforts to convince the people of the states and districts from which jurors ‘are drawn that the purpose of the laws is just and reasonable

and good.

Chance to Be Heroes

E don’t know what measures for controlling the cost of living will be proposed by President Truman or enacted by the special session of Congress. But we know one simple measure, long overdue, that would help materially:

Repeal the federal taxes on margarine. There is no respectable reason for these taxes. Their sole purpose is to protect the butter business—to make -margarine cost consumers more than it should and to make its use needlessly inconvenient.

Each margarine manufacturer must pay a federal license fee of $600 a year, plus a tax of one-fourth cent on each pound of uncolored margarine he sells. His tax for selling colored margarine would be a prohibitive 10 cents a pound. That's

must work the coloring matter in at home.

MANZ

| of any evil the departed may have done, In parting

| could change as quick as she does her mind.

In Tune With the Times.

Donald - Q. Hoover

concern is charity, rarity.

We help In every ph Now and again we give 0 the “drives” For the well-being of many lives, Now we have the Red Feather sign. And that is very fine, We've been wanting to give all we can We, .. The Red Feather Fans. \ ~MILDRED C, YOUNG, * % 2

A pn, OF MEMORIES

RIDING BLOWLY through the country rei cently I by chance noted an arch over the .entrance to a cemetery near a small white Quaker church, It bore this inscription: “A Garden of | Memories.” The words brought quickly to my | mind the thought of how precious an a attitude to | those loved ones who had been taken away, ~ In truth as one gazes upon the resting places of these ones, the mind is flooded with memories, | a mother who patiently gave her hours to the making of a home for her family; or a father who steadily came or went earning the daily bread. Maybe it is memories of a small child taken in all its beautiful innocence, leaving an eching hunger. But, seldom does our mind hold space for thoughts

the washing by tears leaves the fragrance of love, ‘Truly it is a Garden of Memories planted with flowers, the sweet®perfume lingering of the accomplishment of each life contained therein, One tends this garden with each visit given- as a + memorial, Jal he himself is finally placed as one, to add to its sweetness for those who follow, ~JOSEPHINE BUCK. > 4 % Some. people are already worrying over this vear's~ Christmas card lst—but they probably won't overlook the same people they did last year.

FALL IN INDIANA

Like a bird, high in its nest Stands my cottage on the hillside Nestied there, among the trees | I love so well. | The maple with is pinkish gold The oak leaves red and glossy Gleam through the green, a beauty to behold A never ending glory. The dainty leaves of the red gum tree Dot the wood with a flare of redness, Colors so gay they seem to say God's here, in all his goodness. ~NEATTIE G. SNYDER. e. 9 @

It'd shore be a help to all of -us married fellers if someone could invent a dress thet a woman

~—(CATFEESH PETE. & & o>

: THE EGG AND |

The egg and 1 are friends, indeed, It has the qualities I need, I like it boiled or poached or fried, Or coddled, scrambled, deviled, dried; In salads, ice cream, pudding, pie, _ And custards always take my eye; In pancakes, cornbread, muffins, rolls, It helps bread rise to higher goals;

A friend of ham and bacon brown-— | A breakfast dish for farm or town. | en The egg and I are friends, indeed, It has the qualities I need, Except on Thursday of each week— Then the egg and I don't. even. speak. : ~RUTH WILLIAMS BRIGHT.

' FOSTER'S FOLLIES (CHICAGO—Artificial Oropharynx (Metal Throat) Announced by Memphis Doctor”) , Dr. Sanders, we could kiss you, As your latest find we. fete: This new throat to fight scar tissue--But how sad it comes so late, ! Artificial oropharynx!

IN WASHINGTON . . .

Keep Marshall Plan Talk Simple

Some Poop’ ° Are Like

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“HELPP THELEAK >. ie

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wh D (SIN HIS END all x > : Ci

OF THE BOAT, TH

WASHINGTON, Nov. 6—If a bunch of lawyers and

@ batch of economists wére cast away on a desert island, talk the other to death. The odds should probably be given to the economists, though, because lawyers eventually come to the point. Economists, however, ramble all over the lot, take twice 4s many words as necessary to say anything, and finally hedge around, with ifs, maybes and on-the-other-hands,

it would be even money which group would

This observation is made after taking one look

and then running fast from Volume II of the Marshall Plan report from the 16-nation Committee of European Economic Co-operation, drawn up in Paris,

Fifth Column Coming Up

WHEN UNDER. SECRETARY OF STATE ROB-

ERT A. LOVETT remarked the. other day that the Marshall Plan “was now confused by an excessive amount of figures,” he said a mouthful and he wasn't kidding.

At first, he said, they didn't have enough figures’

to make any intelligent decisions on how much aid was needed or how much the U. 8. could give.

But

now, “they have so much stuff it's indigestible.”

pean Recovery Plan can be set up simply.

Secretary Lovett hopes that; eventually, the EuroIt will

have to stay out of what he calls “the miasma of statistics,”swhere it is today.

There are now four volumes ‘of studies on the

Marshall Plan. A fifth, from Secretary of Commerce Harriman's committee of 19 big-shot businessmen, is yet to come. And Congress, with its millions of words of reports and hearings and reams of debate, is still "to be heard from. The infant Marshall Plan runs the risk of being suffocated by its own: swaddling clothes of exposition and oratory before it even. géts born.

dent's ‘Council of Economic Advisers’ report.

Volume four in this documentation is the PresiIt was

released under the snappy little title of “The Impact

of Foreign Aid Upon the Domestic Economy.” about

It's as simple as these things can probably be to be what the Council of

The purpose of the Marshall Plan is to lay the

foundations for a stable world economy.

What a boon this would have beens Th . To many a worn out larynx, made. I 2 Seems In the days of bathtub gin! Economic Advisers says: >» Borrowers, like horses, should be judged on |

Any aid given to Europe will be less than the war °

‘reduced strain on the country.

Peter Edson

In 1943 and 1944, 40 per cent of American production went to war. In the first half of 1947, less than 10 per cent has gone overseas. The effect of this export program on the average American citizen has not been too tough, Per capita consumption of meat, fruits and breakfast cereals is higher now than before or during the war. Consumption of milk, eggs, poultry, vegétables and wheat is not as high as in wartime, but it is higher than prewar, Aid to Europe will. ¥kert some upward - pressure on- prices, but: this pressure will be reduced in succeeding years, Three grave dangers are pointed out. Some lowincome families cannot now afford to buy enough to

eat. High prices will lead to a demand for higher wages. Higher prices wil] cut down foreign purchasing power. The problem is'.to prevent price rises from

spiraling into a further inflationary movement.. Some control will have to be put over the uses of food and steel. Wheat will have to be confined to humans and not fed to animals. abroad, as requested by the Europeans, is- illogical. Bottlenecks in the production and distribution of coal and fertilizer will have to be broken. Farm and industrial machinery will have to be allocated to Europe to increase her production and stop her demands on the U. S. for food and materials. The ERP is going to cost Ameri¢ans some money. Taxes won't have to be any higher than they are now, but they can't be made any lower right away if the budget is kept balanced. The idea of paying for European aid by borrowing and increasing the national debt is rejected.

Money Back?

ON THE QUESTION OF REPAYMENT, the Council of Economic Advisers does a little ducking. It says there is now no way to measure Europe's ability to repay. But it indicates the advisability of making part of the aid an outright gift. Another portion of the .aid might be paid for in the money of the receiving countries. What would be done with that foreign currency could be-left to future settlement. The failure to authorize any aid programs at all would be likely to spell industrial paralysis for’ some

Sending serap iron |

. States, its territories or possessions.”

| | ! | |

.to the Sea,

Hoosier Forum

“I do net agres with a word that you say, but |

will defend to the death your right to say it."

‘Don’t Fall for Red Slick Tricks’ By Dr. Harry H. Nagle, 11th District Un-American Activities Chairman, American Legion, on Oct. 18 a press dispatch stated “Eight labor members of the British Parliament say that Prime Minister Joseph: {talin told them wihi#n they visited

him in Russia recently that he ‘wished to re

political and economic issues with the United States and Britain and impressed them as having no thought of war.” Also, followed the good to

be derived from such co-operation by all with .

typical Soviet-style propaganda. The “pay-off” came when Stalin further stated that “we will wait until they (Britain and the U. 8.) regain their reason and understand cooperation between nations is necessary, We can wait. © Weare a patient people” (Of course co-op was meant to be Russian style.) Just who has lost their reason? One might think we had the way the dollars have been flying like saucers. Patience? Our representatives in international affairs have tried the patience of American citizens to the breaking point at trying to “understand the Russians,” Co-operation? Let's take a look at the record, and while we are doing so let's get it straight in our minds just how. reliable is the word of these folk that ask our “co-operation.” » Among the pledges given on Nov. 16, 1833, by Maxim Litvinov on behalf of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to obtain the United States ambassadorial recognition was the following solemn acknowledgment and consent: “To respect scrupulously the indisputable right of the United States to order its own life within its own jurisdiction in its own way and to refrain from interfering in any manner in the internal affairs of the United The result? Litvinov was not through laughing at our stupidfty in trusting them, and the ink was not dry on the documents of recognition before they startéd their termitic, trojan-horse, front-organization policies for the overthrow of eur republican government. Example after example of their duplicity, violation of treaties, half-truths, evasions, double~ talk, stalling, eoercions, intimidations since 1933 can be cited. It all follows out the line of Lenin's teachings years ago—"We have to use any ruse, dodge, trick, cunning, unlawful method, conceal ment or veiling of the truth”— ro .. The proof of their “co-operation” is all too

vivid in the attacks against the United States and’

its citizens in the Soviet press, and found in the speeches of “sounding-board” of the United Nations. All efforts to make us “lose face” internationally, and by any methods. And so they go along on the partition of Palestine, knowing full well that it is a twoedged sword. One—putting words in the mouths of American Reds and fellow travelers that the Soviets -will go along, helping to lull uninformed ‘Americans further to sleep. Two—they know also that partition means confusion and possible war (they may have made a “deal with the Arabs in advance”) ‘of such matter is communism made. Co-operate economically? Sure. They have a surplus of wheat (who knows?), but industrial equipment? Nix. Must get, so they start the old shell game of fool other nations with the choice bait of peace, Wonderful peace. We have fallen enough in the past for their slick tricks, but if we fall for this gift horse we better head for the zany house with the rest of the morons. Se SS

The Little Potato By H. L, Linton, Riddle

More than 60 years ago when I was a lad of 10, I was helping. my father dig potatoes back of the barn. In my haste to keep up with him, I left a small potato behind. “Phek up that spud, my boy,” said my father. When I was” in the war in that famous March that little potato would have saved some of my buddies who fell by the way, too weak to gb on. My father's been dead 50 years. I have dug spuds many years. When I see food going to waste that hungry people could use I always think of that

Who has messed-ap the peace?

Vishinsky and Gromyko on the’

I thought of nothing else that day. | :

There are no similar federal taxes on other foods. Even with these taxes and fees, which are a rank discrimination against margarine, it sells for about half the price of butter. But it would be cheaper still -if the taxes and fees were | taken off, | Let's see how many senators and representatives would | rather please the butter lobby than be heroes to millions of housewives,

John Gilbert Winant |

OHN GILBERT WINANT was a great man. Few of his generation have served the people with such unselfishness and singleness of plirpose. Whether as governor of New Hampshire. as America’s wartime ambassador in London, or as a member of federal or international commissions, in whatever « capacity he labored he earned the respect and affection of all around him. He was often compared with Lincoln, to whom he bore a | resemblance in gaunt physique, in humility of spirit and | love of common people. But unlike hjs hero he was born

rich, and the higher rewards of Political office were denied to him,

His death at his own hand is inexplicable to his closest | friends and to his family. He had been under a physician's | care for physical disabilities and was in a state of extreme | fatigue. But none foresaw this tragedy.

Apparently he was. a victim of that understandable post-war disillusionment which he was trying so valiantly to combat. In his diplomatic memoirs, “Letter From Grosvenor Square,” to be published within a few days, he stressed “the growing disillusionment of today: which not only dims and obscures the present but is trying to cloud the past.” Then he added: “It has seemed to me that people | do not understand the urgency of these days. ",

Tweih Escapes Rap

IN it’s cold war against the. weather, sciencé has gained

| | why housewives can't buy yellow margarine, but a | |

past performances,

and : Deslwar progyx ams.

It should - thet therefore be a countries.

This mig bounce back onthe U.S.

little potato.

Farben and Standard Oil Co. Relationship

NUERNBERG, Nov. 6—More than a year after the war began in Europe, the United States suddenly awoke to the fact that it had no supplies of rubber which the Japanese couldn't cut off in a moment— as they later did. Memos surged through the White House in the wake of this belated discovery, Whén they had settled, it was agreed that 18 months and $50,000,000 would be required before the U. S. could hope to have any appreciable production of synthetic or artificial substitutes. The way in which the biggest industrial’ nation in the world was euchred into this ridiculous and helpless position is one of the charges Farben, the German chemical trust, who are on trial before an American military tribunal here. Standard Oil, six of its subsidiaries, and three of its top execitives already have paid fines of $5000 each in U. 8. courts for their part in this unhappy picture. They didn't admit their guilt, but they didn't contest the action, Farben's officers have been more brazen. They say they didn't do it.

Blueprint of Cartel AMERICAN TIE-UPS WITH FARBEN have been the cause for

a whole series of indictments and some trials. In themselves, they are |

not the basis for the accusations here. It is the prosecution charge that Farben, in effect, was ‘waging economic war on behalf of the Nazis and themselves years before the armies actually crossed the . Polish border. Not only rubber is involved, but a host of other chemical develop~ ments. One is _atabrine, which the GI's required most urgently to protect themselves against the jungle killer, malaria. Another was modern small-arms ammunition, it from the U. 8. about the time of Dunkirk. They had fo take an inferior grade. Farben controlled the patents. .

The British wanted desperately to buy

Farben and Standard Oil entered a solemn compact’ in 1920, divid- |

« ing the world between them. Farben would be supreme irr chemicals; Standard in petroleum. Where these two broad spheres rubbed shoulders, as they dideinevitably, ‘there would be further talks in the same spirit of “goodwill” which was recorded at the time. A year later, in 1030, a joint company called “Jasco.” owned half by Standard and half by. Farben, was set up in the U. 8. to exploit

| as one of them. And from the first Farben was exceedingly canny. Some of the moyes that followed have been described simply as

captured documents is quite different. It is a picture of Farben playing with its American partners, leading them up the primrose path, and. leaving them in the end exactly where they wanted them—without the means or the knowledge to produce rubber, or wage a modern war. The correspondence from the period is like something from another world so far as the Americans are concerned—a world in which there

something of a beachhead at Topeka, Kas. Incorporation papers have been granted there to Snow, Inc., formed to try “to induce increased precipitation” by dropping dry ice from planes.

No, Mark Twain isn't turning in his grav e—hecause |

he. didn’'t-say “Everybody talks about the weather but nobody does anything about it.” It was just another edi- _ torial writer (on the Hartford Courant about 1890), who ato ile on that Lbs,

are no Hitlers, no wars, or other unpleasantnesses, and in which tank tracks are an excellent means of disposing o rubber but are Unrelated | otherwise to general policy. The American whose name appears mont frequently 1s Frank A. | Howard, one of those subsequently fined, who was president of the Standard Oil Development Co, and has since. retired. The Farben official most involved is Fritz Ter Meer, its leading technical director, and one of the defendants.

As late as 1938, Howard was protesting the goodwill of Farben to

the point where he turned over some of Standards own processes. He | .wrote-his own excuses for Farben, “Certain difficulties still exist.” he said, “which prevent our I. o lends. Bom gvipk’s 143 Veshulon) hloamation «Rd JRecndibi in

such mutual fields. From the first, artificial rubber was. recognized |

sharp or shrewd business. But the picture that emerges from the |

the normal manner with the commercial development (of buna) in the U. 8S. It is tosbe hoped that these difficulties will be surmounted in the near future.” Three years earlier a conference had occurred between Farben and representatives of the German armed.forces, A memo of the meeting recorded : . “The I. G. is bound by contract to an extensive exchange of experience with Standard. This position seems untenable as far as developmental work, which is being carried out for the Reich air ministry, is concerned.” . Two years later -the position was refined. Farben feared that its deliberate - withholding of essential information would bring about independent developments in the U. 8. It was decided, with the approval of the German armed forces, that some details could be offered, providing that Farben’s essential “know-how” was retained, * Heinrich Buetefidch, another defendant, who was director of the Leuna plant at MeISohe™. was made personally responsible by Goering

Side Glances—By Galbraith

‘Once a week she comes in and acs the price of that lamp—=ali the clerks are reefing dor her to get itl"

when we're going to reduce

ta.

By David M. Nichol

for seeing that “nothing .of military or political importance gets abroad.” As war approached, the double-dealing was speeded. Farben feared its patents in Britain and France would be confiscated. It was sloughing off companies wherever it could to “trustworthy persons,” Once hostilities had broken out, Howard provided an ideal medium. He was in France when war was declared. With the aid of French contacts, he obtained priority passage to London: He conferred there with chemical allies, Then, with the intervention of U. 8. Ambassador Joseph E. Kennedy, he went to The Hague to meet the Germans. The deal they evolved there, a month after Poland had been struck down, provided that Farben would turn over to Standard its interest in the jointly-owned company, “Jasco,” and assign to Standard some 2000 of its patents, not only in the U. S. but in Britain and France as well. The transaction was to date from Sept. 1. Howard agreed later there might be some difficulty in establishing Standard’s claims. What he didn't do was to look the gift horse in the’ mouth, Before the transfer was ever completed, Farben had assured the German army high command. that the Americans were getting nothing, and obtained the permission of the Nazi army to gO ahead. Howard's own experts admitted ruefully that only about 50 per cent of the relevant patents had been assigned. Howard himself wrote. that it wasn't patents, but technical experience that counted. Of that Standdrd got none. Howard made one more try. He met Farben officials in Switzerland in May 1940. He pleaded for the information without which the U. 8. couldn't go ahead. His answer svas a blunt, plain, “No.” Standard tried hard during the war. to conceal its unfortunate

, role. An article by R. T, Haslam, a company official, in the Petroleum

Times in 1943 said the “secrets” which the Americans had brought from Germany had been “turned into mighty weapons” against them. August von Knieriem, Farben's chief counsel and one of the deferidants, wanted to know more about. this. His staff prepared a memo in reply. The Americans never received technical co-operation on rubber production, it said. Even with the “Jasco” deal, they received nothing of any importance, it went on. Then it added the most sinister line of all. Farben in its turn, it said, had received from the Amerioans “over and beyond the agreement many very valuable contributions for the synthesis and improvement of motor fuels and lubrication oils, which Just now during the war are most useful to us, and we also received othér advantages from them,” : It pointed gratefully to such things as the knowledge to produce lead-tetraethyl for stepping-up aviation gas. Because it is so poisonous, its development had caused many deaths in the United States which, the report said, were “spared us.”

‘No Inkling’ 7

STANDARD ISN'T VERY HAPPY yet about its connections. The day after the 24 Farben executives were indicted last May, Standard’s chairman, F. W, Abrams, wired Robert P. Patterson, then secretary of War, : “During. the entire period of our business contacts,” Abrams said, “we had no inkling of Farben's conniving part in Hitler's brutal policies.” ‘Abrams offered “any help we can give to, see that complete truth is brought to light, and that rigid justice is done.” “Rigid justice” must have caused a shudder in the Farben ranks..

The Secretary of War, however, didn't think that Standards aid would uireds

be req

_ THURSD

et |

& Declini

Past 1

In Lives Meat prices 1

taken ‘a gener:

past 10 days as sonal increase | at stockyards |

- tion,

One retail g creases of 7 cen in pork roasts a ilar drop has bi cuts, including : Price reductic caused by the | supply, rather servation progr President Trur Disagreen However, else agreement bety causes of the pr «The ' Americ spokesman for packersssaid th primarily to a the production pork. However, Cha man of the Cit tee said that n down because public demand meatless Tuesd A United P that pork chop cost less than t in 11 of 13 citi Lamb and rol decreases in "se were priced th ago in four oth Fish | Chicken cost: ities polled, | thers. None o decreases in tl eight said there in fish prices. The largest. ¢ was reported in steaks pt Des which were s¢ pound at the I

— ago, sold for §

at San Franci pound today, 26 did on Oct. 7 Tuesday. The price of as much as 2 Balt Lake Cif Francisco, with ing decreases & pound. Only at Bos Pa, did the changed. Today's pork from 59 cents geles to 75 cen San Francisco.

Police Bel Killed in CHICAGO, Elizabeth Hyd: Pa., was found outside a hosp said she appar the 16th floor. Her husband urer of the C Co., police saic I ——————

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