Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 October 1947 — Page 14

like American politics, should sfop at the waterline.

"PAGE 14 Tuesday, Oct. 7, 1947

ROY W, HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ President __Editor Business Manager

A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER Gee

Indianapolis Times Publishing Co, 214 W. Marylund st. Postal Zone 9. :

Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, NEA Service, and Circulations, Ne

ered by carrier, 25¢c a week. Mail rates in Indiana, $6 a year; all other states,

U. 8. possessions, Canada and Mexico, $1.10 a month. Telephone RI ley 5551 tive Light and the Pcopls Will Find Their Own Way

Self-Control

"WE believe that self-control is the best control. From now on, we shall be testing at every meal the degree to which each of us is willing to exercise self-control for the good of all.” The country heard that from President Truman Sunday night. It is true that the food-saving program, of which he was speaking, isa test for the American people. But it is not, surely, a very difficult test. It calls for no unbearable sacrifices. Individuals are asked to eat no meat on Tuesdays, no’

1e Indianapolis Times|

Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by |

Audit. Bureau of |

iy : “Price in Marion Countymigcents a copy; deliv- |

| termine the center of the metropolitan compass, | Perhaps we are nearly old enough to rename the

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In Tune ‘With the Times

Donald D. Hoover

WE NEED A WEATHER-VANE

RECENT news story reported the crash of a taxicab and a bus on Road 67 “a mile north 0. e city.” , “This, random use of the weather vane disconcerted me no end. .The Road 67 that I ride is at no point strictly “north of the city.” Its geometric turnings are sharp and well defined as it crosses town from the southwest and when it leaves the city limits it is headed due east. In my mind's eye I cannot locate the scene of the accidént, The question that follows this needless worry is: If the reporter is correct—then where is the city? Is the east side again in the ascendancy? Is the invasion north of the river checked? Is Indianapolis now a fringe city with no core? Is the mile square no longer a guide? Perhaps we should set up a commission to de-

component parts so that we can better box the compass. Oldsters set up a hue but no cry years ago when the streetcar company discarded some of the car signs submerging forever names like Irvington and Mapleton. Perhaps we should raise a mythical wall around the mile square and call it Old Towne. The pre-

poultry or eggs on Thursdays; to save a slice of bread each day. Farmers are asked to reduce the amount of grain fed | to livestock and poultry. Industries that use grain are | asked to use less for a while. The grain exchanges are asked to raise their margin requirements to at least 3314 | per cent, as a means of curbing what the government con- | siders unhealthy speculation, All is voluntary. Because it is voluntary, there are many who say that the program cannot succeed—that nothing but compulsory measures can get the results desired. We refuse to believe that the American people must be compelled to do what clearly is in their own interest, in the interest of national welfare and in the interest of world peace. Let us prove that self-control is, indeed, the best control,

Another Red International

STALIN'S creation of a new Communist International was to be expected. When he buried the old one in May, 1943, we made this editorial comment: “If a world Communist' outfit—a burden now -when--Russian survival depends on a close capitalist alliance—appears to serve Russia's interedt in the post-war period, there is no reason to suppose that he will not revive this one or create another.” During the last two years a Communist International

has been operating more or less openly. Now that it is | “antiotmced offically, there will be no gréat change. The

Kremlin simply will continue to dictate the thoughts and acts of its minions abroad, and .to organize them for the sabotage and destruction of non-Communist governments, as it has been doing all along. The fact that the new international is officially limited to Russia's eastern European puppet states, plus France and Italy, merely means that in other countries the small Communist Parties can operate | better without formal alliance with their master. Even public avowal that the new organization is aimed “against American imperialism and its English and Fr nch allies and #galhst right wing Socialists” only repeats Rut Soviet officials and publications have been saying for a long while, : As a propaganda agency, a Communist International is of minor importance in our judgement—it can do little more than duplicate the larger poison pen facilities of the Soviet and satellite governments and their agents in other countries. Its real purpose doubtless 1s to tighten the teamwork of scattered conspirators and sabotage artists who take orders from Moscow agents. As such it can elfective, In a general way, however, the struggle between an aggressive Soviet power and defensive democracies is already too far advanced to be influenced decisively by any Communist International. Russia gains or holds ground only by use of armed force, or by taking over when there is economic-political collapse in a victim country, Preparedness and production are the best defense against Soviet expansion. Counter-propaganda is largely futile without superior military and economic strength,

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Democracy in Britain NGLAND is trending toward totalitarianism, the Brit- “ ish Tory Party annual conference warned in its call for | a general election. “There is no shadow of doubt” that England will remain a democracy, Viscount Jowitt, Britain's Lord Chancellor, told the New York City Bar Association the day before. ; W hichever 1s right, America has a tremendous stake in the outtorie. If Britain were to go the road of dictatorsnip, we and the smaller democracies would lose our oldest and strongest ally in the decisive world struggle for human decency. If democracy can't survive in the home of Magna Carta and parliamentary institutions, it is finished on the European continent where the dictatorship disease is far more virulent, We take the Tory campaign statement with the goodly pinch of salt such partisan prophecies need. If government ownership were the test of totalitarian trends, then nobody could deny that British dictatorship is around the corner. But surely a more accurate ‘definition is the police state, with its terrorist methods and degradation of the individual. Though it has a Socialist government and nationalization of some basic industries, England retains more genuine civil liberties and human tolerance than flourish in any | other major country—including the United States—in our Judgment. : Nevertheless the problem is not as simple as Viscount Jowitt and his fellow Laborites make out. While they are not building a police state, they certainly are creating a colossal centralized bureaucracy—with resulting inefficiency and loss of that national individual initiative which has been | England's salvation so often in past crises. To picture the unarmed English bobby as a potential storm-trooper is rather difficult. But it is not hard to see | the English people as tired and leaning on government for I too many things—that is their present condition after eight | years of sacrifice. Democracy there is not going under, “but it has lost some of its drive—at least for the moment.

Too Far Afield

HE Soviet government has refused visas to a touring party of United States senators. Apparently the Kremlin feels that American Congressional investigations,

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| ana’s hand so that even the greenest cub reporter

| or “Roa#i 67, a mile north of the city.”

carious future of the Market House rules out Market Place. The Lincoln Hotel has not been too successful © in establishing Lincoln 8quare,

Anton Scherrer’s fabulous south side is not yet Scherrerville, What can we do put put a”vane in Miss Indi-

never again misleads us with “S8outh Prospect st.”

~L. 8. STEWART, o @

BASEBALL

The world is a baseball diamond God the umpire; we the players, If you sass the umpire— You're out! The world is a baseball diamond

*

Here's Your Belt—Pul

Nations play their parts, Some are first basemen, Some are third, Some pitch, some catch— But it is the team that wins or loses— 80 co-operate! The world is a baseball diamond, God the umpire; we the players. The laws were made in Heaven— If you cuss the umpire, you're out!

Are you? " =—MRS. W. F. HUGHES: 4 4.

Now we know -of another reason why they are called storm windows; after listening ‘to Jerry the Janitor put them up.. ; . “. 5 &

He was only 5 years old With misthief in his eyes. Any trouble he got in Would not come as a surprise.

But one day Fatiente was at end, He'd not been found at all. At last I found a tent was made From Grandma's parasol.

v

In the center of the porch it was From under it he'd peep To look at all his wondrous toys All piled in a heap. AY 2

- —

I sco "him Yight then and there He gulped and swallowed then Great tears enveloped big blue eyes He retreated to his den.

He bundled up the parasol

Complete and tied with string. He took it to his Grandma And told her everything.

She listened to his story, Viewing situation clear And brushed the tears from childish eyes, And said, “It's all right, my dear.” -T. R. CAMPBELL.

| BACKGROUND . . . By Paul R. Leach Tough Senators Scan | Europe’s Aid Requests

‘WASHINGTON, ‘Oct. 7.—Whether Europe gets

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IN WASHINGTON . . . By

Peter Edson

City Slicker vs. Country Cousin

WASHINGTON, Oct. 7.—~The .$29.5 billion, which it is now estimated U. 8. farmers will receive for this

"year's crops, represents 13 per cent of America’s gross

national product, tentatively put at $225 billion. Present farm population of 27,550,000 is nearly 20

per cent of the U. §. total of 140 million people;

So if 20 per cent of the people are getting only 13 per cent of the wealth, it can be argued they aren't getting their share, : - et This may overlook the ‘fact that the farmer reduces his cost of living by growing his own food. He eats better. than city folk—and look at all that

fresh air he gets. :

"But where the tarmers’ [oWer standard of living really shows up is in comparison with the city folks’ per capita income. Here is a Bureau of Agricultural

. Economics table that gives the picture:

Per Capita Annual Income Non-Farm Farm

1935-39 (Average) ......... sessness$ 603 - $243 1944 (Mid-war peak) ......4 1290 688 1046 (First post-war year) .#,.... 1288 719 1047 (Preliminary estimate) ...... 1365 853

This shows that, while per capita farm income has gone up 285 per cent since the war, the non-farm income rose 226 per cent.

Hired Hands Still Fare Badly

COMPARISON OF FARM AND CITY wage rates shows up even worse. In 1946. the average cash wage income for farm hands was only $521. The average hired mari,worked about five fhonths on the farm, which paid him $391. The other $130 he earned from non-farm work. These average annual earnings are low, in spite of high-wage rates for seasonal labor, In the present harvest season, wages have averaged $98 a month with board, $114 without. Though their wages are three and four times as high as pre-war, they do not begin to meet the city wage which, in manufacturing industries, now averages close to $190 a month, with a lot steadier work. In spite of this unfavorable comparison, the living standard of the farm population has increased

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Side Glinces—By Galbraith

greatly during the years of war prosperity and since. Farm tenancy is now at a low ebb. Only a third of the farmers are share-croppers. In the early 1930s, it was 42 per cent. a A study made this past summer by the Bureau of Agricultural Economics shows farmers at least 25 per cent bétter off than they were before the war. Based on 1940 and 1945 censuses of agriculture, a county-by-county survey was made to determine what + city conveniences are now,to be found on. farms. Parts of Maine and Florida, the truck garden and dairy farm areas from Boston to Baltimore, the corn

~raleasea from Central Qhia west inte Neb nslgy: peas

tions of California, Texas, Kansas, Oregon and the irrigated areas of the West showed the highest standards of living. .

South Remains Low

LOWEST LEVELS ARE STILL FOUND in the South, though, during the war, this area showed more gain; percentagewise, than any other part of the «country. Los Angeles County, Cal. is the richest in the country, with products worth over $100 million a year. : Today over -%0 per cent of the farm homes have radios. Over 60 per cent have automobiles and are on hard-surfaced roads. Fifty per cent have electricity, 30 per cent have telephone. Three-fourths of the farm houses now average no more than one person per room. While these figures look good, giving the American farmer the highest standard of living of any rural people in the world, there is still a big gap to be closed to bring farm standards up to city standards. In U. 8. cities, 96 per cent of the houses have electricity. Ninety-five per cent of the city homes have running water, as against 28 per cent in the country. Seventy per cent of the city homes have flush toilets, as against 20 per cent in the country. The job of state and federal farm advisers is to reduce these differences, win for the farmers higher income, longer school terms, better health care and the same high living standard enjoyed in town.

Hoosier Forum

will defend to the death your right te say it."

Speculation in Grain Futures By J. C. Clark, R. R. 19, Indianapolis.

In your issue of Sept. 25, 1947, you published an ediforial on speculation in the grain market. I liked your editorial but I ‘think you might have gone a bit farther. Some years ago I was the manager of a brokerage office in Southern Idaho where a lot of wheat is grown We had direct wires to the Chicago Board of Trade. At that time the grain market closed in Chicago at 2:15 p. m., which was 11:15 a. m. in Idaho. During the harvesting season which lasted about two months the grain buyers would wait until the market closed and would then drive out and buy grain at a price based on the closing price that day in Chicago. Of coufse, they had to figure the cost of handling, transportation and their own profits. Suppose a grain buyer bought from farmers during an afternoon, 15,000 bushels of wheat. It might take two or three weeks for that wheat to be hauled from the farm to the local elevator and! then shipped by rail to a primary market. In the meantime the price of wheat might go either up or down. Local grain dealers generally do not like to gamble on the prices of grain. Some have tried it and gone broke quick. So our man who has bought 15,000 bushels of wheat during -the day sells it for future delivery as quick as he can get to a phone or a telegraph office. Then he does not care what happens to the price. When he sells his 15,000 bushels of wheat, he buys his future contract and the transaction is completed. If the price of wheat has declined during the time the wheat was being handled and shipped he will lose money on the actual grain but will make a profit on his future contract. The system works just the opposite for the miller. Here is an actual example: A flour mill operator came to my office in Idaho before wheat was ready to harvest. He had a telegram from a Memphis wholesale grocery company asking for a large amount of flour for delivery the next December and he wanted a firm price. The miller’ would need 50,000 bushels of wheat to fill the order, but the wheat was growing in the fields and no one knew what the price might be when harvest time came. So the miller bought 50,000 bushels for December delivery and made his contract to deliver flour to the Memphis wholesaler. As he’

grain to the grower ov, higher prices. ta. the cons :

bought wheat from the farmers he sold his future contracts. This is the only way he could protect himself. It is true that the speculator makes it possible for the grain dealer and the miller to buy or sell on an instant’s notice. But if the businessman

“had to put up 100 per cent margin as some Con-

gressmen and others are advocating it would certainly put a lot of them out of business. Those able to remain in the business would be compelled to increase their margin of profit on each transaction because 'they would have to take all the risk. This would mean either lower prices for

> S&H No One Hears the Train Calls’

By Pete Martin, Chicage, Iil. ‘ Your Union Station is one of the cleanest I've ever been in and your Industrial Exhibit puts you 30 years ahead. of any city in the country, but where—oh—-where did the city fathers pick up that contraption they call a loud speaker in the station? Sounds more like a cross between a yowling cat and a Chinese auction. I defy anyone waiting for a train to translate what comes out of the speaker at the train gates. Why not invest a few bucks in an amplifying system that is in keeping with the progress of the city itself? It'll certainly pay dividends by leaving a lasting good impression with travelers instead of disgruntled visitors who miss their trains because no one hears the train calls. LE

Who's Nuts? By Bob Breedlove, 28 Kentucky ave.

Food prices and taxes are high in this country because they take the tax money from this country and lend or give (both meaning the same in this case) it to another country; so that they can buy our commodities. Forcing the prices up, so that we in turn have to pay more taxes and higher prices. So that they can have more money. Now I ask you—Who's Nuts?

any more free

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[FOREIGN AFFAIRS . . . By William Philip Simms Russia Has Begun 5:| All-Out Fight on U. S.

dollars out of the United States treasury, how many and on whdt terms, is going to depend largely upon a first-hand look-see by a dozen tough-minded members of the Senate Appropriations Committee.

That goes for the $580 million—or more—emergency winter relief |

President Truman wants by December. Also what's done later about the 19 billions the 16 nations want for four years under the Marshall plan. Wednesday ten of these senators, nine of them Republicans, leave for a five-week tour of Europe. In England they'll be joined by two more Democrats, already there. Their purpose is to study every -phase of European requests which involves dollar appropriations. A majority of the dozen are men who insist upon being shown that France and Italy will go Communist, as Mr, Truman fears, it not fed right now by the United States. They want te know if the actual need is as serious as Mr. Truman and George C. Marshall, Secretary of State, have said it is. They want to know whether the U. S. taxpayers should feed people who are striking against their own governments, and whether, under the Marshall plan, Socialist governments, such as England's, should be financed by U. 8. dollars.

Will Dictate Policy

THIS COMMITTEE MAJORITY carries a lot of weight in Congress, It will have much to say, upon returning to take up the special committee sessions Mr. Truman has asked, about gifts and loans, regardless of what the foreign policy committees of both houses recommend. Any adverse report could, of course, be overruled by the full Senate. But they could force endless delay by filibusters should they find themselves in the minority holding out against large scale dollar and food relief. : Sen. Styles Bridges (R. N. H.) is committee chairman. He insists upon all facts before providing emergency or Marshall plan dollars. Sen. C. Wayland Brooks (R. Ill) is almost convinced the U. 8. should let most European governments go through the wringer. although he's willing to be shown about emergency relief. Sens Bridges and Brooks are taking their wives along to help look Sen. Homer Ferguson (R. Mich.) thinks no dollars should be appropriated for foreign government politicians to spend. He believes instead, in a sort of RFC lending to foreign business firms. Sens, Kenneth 8. Wherry (R. Neb.) and William F. Knowland (R. Cal.) want to be shown the whole picture before adding to our high cost of living through scarcities, and adding to our debt. Other Republicans going are Guy Cordon (Ore.), Leverett Saltenstall (Mass), Milton R. Young (N. Dak.) and Henry C. Dworshak (Ida.). They, too, want facts for themselves,

McNutt Back in Harness

SEN. RICHARD B. RUSSELL (Ga.) is the only Democrat sailing Wednesday. They'll all be joined overseas by Democrats Theodore Francis Green (R. 1.) and Millard Tydings (Md.). Sens. Russell and Tydings are as hard-headed as the Republicans in wanting to be shown. But, with Sen. Green, they'll go as far as they honestly can in backing up Mr. Truman. ! Herbert Hoover came to Washington for two days to begin work on the reorganization of government departments despite the fact «that he's not fully recovered from a case of shingles. ; He's getting along well insists upon going ahead with the inves.

~ EER

10-7

“I've only got enough money for one more hot dog—it's‘a good thing your folks have got that cold chicken in the icebox

tigation. The report of the non-political committee he heads is to be made January 2, 1949. - : While the search for means of economy and efficiency is to

go down dozens of alleys, the main line will be taking functions set up |

by Congress and following them through. The idea is to find waste, duplication and unnecessary work. They'll find plenty,

Lawrence Richey, who was Hoover's presidential term secretary, |

is acting as executive assistant to Hoover. The committee has half a million to spend on the job, can get more if needed. of Adm. Nimitz, the Navy's big chief, came home from his only leave since 1941, two weeks on Cape Cod, wearing civvies for the first time. vA Defense Secretary Forrestal complimented him on his “taxpayers’ suit.” - It was a single-breasted dark blue worsted. -

WASHINGTON! Oct. 7.—The birth of a fourth Communist International, at Warsaw, admittedly directed against the United States, is expected to awaken a dozing Congress to the necessity for a special session. The news, first announced in big red type in the Communist press in Paris Sunday, was quickly confirmed in Moscow. The new comintern, replacing the old organization reputedly “dissolved” in 1943, will be directed by two members from each of nine countries: Soviet Russia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, France, Italy, ' Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Rumania. The announcement caused little surprise here. Informed officials have long been aware that Moscow has been, and is, directing a world-wide drive to sabotage American efforts to conclude peace, end mass hunger and put the postwar world back on its feet.

Battle Waged on Many Fronts

THIS SABOTAGE has been characterized by the failure to make peace with Germany, Austria and Japan; paralysis of the United Nations: Yugoslav-Bulgar-Albanian aggression against Greece; Red plots to take over Korea and Manchuria; the civil war in China and IndoChina; general strikes in Italy, France and elsewhére: the Kremlin's warnings to Western Europe to have nothing to do with the Marshall plan: Russia's boycott of the Paris conference, and so on, together with the most unscrupulous propaganda campaign against the United States and its leaders since Hitler and Goebbels. If it were not clear to members of Congress before, it is observed, it should be clear now that Russia has now begun an all-out struggle - against the United States to prevent world recovery. Stalin's aim, according to his own pronouncements, is world revolution and, through it, the Red dictatorship. To bring that about, he has said, the United States and democracies like it must first be toppled. . That the Kremlin fears its plans may be upset by the United States is now apparent. Revolution feeds on hunger, cold, suffering and despair—the things that, through the Marshall. plan and other measures, the United States is seeking to prevent. Patently, if the United States succeeds, American prestige will soar and that of Moscow will suffer. If it fails now. when so many are expecting so much from America. Moscow has reason to hope that Europe, at least, will be ripe for revolution. The new comintern, therefore, is designed to spearhead a Communist front throughout the globe to wreck U. 8. efforts at world reconstruction. Announcement of a Communist general staff with headquarters in Belgrade to carry on this openly declared war against the United States, comes at time when something is badly needed to make Congress see the gravity of the situation.

‘World Issue Is Clear >

Paul V. McNutt's first job as a private lawyer in Washington since

retirement as Ambassador to the Philippines will take him before the house Un-American Activities Committee in a couple of weeks. He'll represent Eric Johnston's Motion Picture" Association of America in seeking to prove that the Commies have not influenced production of picture plays. : ’ Johnston says his censors have seen that this influence has been kept out. He doesn't deny there might be Commies in Hollywood. He says he wants them exposed as much as does Committee Chairman Thomas of New Jersey. : eh ' 3

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CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE MEMBERS who have been touring Europe are now heading for home. Accondiig to reports, they are far from unanimous regarding what they have seen. Some express doubt that some countries are as badly off as they claim. Some say Europeans aren't working as hard as they should. Or that they saw nobody starving. Still others admit they are returning “confused and bewildered.” But, it is remarked-here none now should be left in the dark about the big, over-all issué, namely, that Russia is now organizing a world-wide coalition against the United States and will smash us if she ean. : Rs

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