Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 August 1946 — Page 11

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UG. 28, 1046

niors! Crepes Il Seys

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rast and ornated with silvery ns. Seven-gore Brown or black contrast. Half , 1814 to 2414,

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ON'S DOWNSTAIRS | UDGET FASHION CENTER

0% Wool— 0% Rayon

WASHINGTON, Ag. 28.£-Our government, I regret to report, is a low-brow outfit. No sense of the fitness of things. So: > Paul ©, Shure before the war was one of the youngest violinists in the Philadelphia symphony orchestra, a strictly Brahms and Beethoven outfit. He didn't wait for the draft after Pearl Harbor. He joined the navy. With" peace, Paul got his old job back with the orchestra. His violin was not exactly a cigar box, but to him it sounded squeaky, He began looking for something better and soon found a violin made 300 years ago by Andreas Guarnerius. It played the sweetest music he ever heard. He had, to have it. Only it cost $3500. It mjght as well have cost three million. Paul began” cogitating. He was a veteran, wasn't he? And the veterans administration was guaranteeing loans to veterans. for business enterprises; to buy them grocery stores, filling stations and the lathes and hammers of their trade. Paul's violin was his monkey-wrench.

Ormandy Gets Note *

ON THAT basis he applied for a government guaranteed loan to buy the ancient Guarnerius. The government, as I have indicated above, does not go for the finer things in life. It penned a snappy letter to Eugene Ormandy, the distinguished leader of the Philadelphia symphony. He was Paul's boss. The note went like this: “Dear Sir; The veterans bureau has received an application from Paul C. Shure to purchase a

aw he A

“ve

It’s Not a ‘Fiddle’ BF: otiman

rare old fiddle. Could you tell us ..". " The bald-domed Ormandy blew up. He growled and his growl was not melodious. He grabbed a pen and broke it; grabbed another and finally finished his reply to the government.

He Got the Money

“IN THE first place, Mr. Shure is not planning].

to buy what you call a fiddle,” he said. “He needs the loan to buy one of the finest musical instruments ever made. Please do not refer to if as a fiddle.” That fixed the government, which listens mostly to “Doin’ What Comes Naturally.” Paul got the money in 4 hurry and the Philadelphia symphony orchestra this season will produce as a consequence some of the most beautiful music ever made by a violin. (Not fiddle, you lugs.) I think we've got time for just one more money-to-lend story from the veterans bureau: Floyd D. Bryan, another ex-sailor, wanted to start a,business in his home town, Stephens, Ark. Only there was no bank in Stephens. He dropped over to Little Rock, got his money, returned to Stephens, sold some stock to his neighbors, and established his business. He certainly did. He's vice president, cashier and principal stockholder of the Security bank of Stephens, Ark. To earn money a bank has got to lend money. That's obvious. Floyd's lending it. His best customers are veterans, who want to swing a loan so they can go into business. End story, I'd ruin it if I "said one word more.

(Donna Mikels is on vacation. Inside Indianapolis will be resumed on her return.)

Yellowstone Today By Eldon Roark

YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, Wyo. Aug. 28.—~As we drove up to the south checking station, entering the park, another car of travelers was leaving. The young ranger at the gate turned on the personality and said to the departing guest: “Well, have you had a nice time?” That was a tactical error. The man at the wheel erupted, spouting steam and sulphurous vapor higher than Old Faithful's most vigorous blowout. Nice time ~bah! He had a disgusting time. We didn't catch all he said, but it was plain that he didn't like Yellowstone. It was too crowded and the sandwiches were expensive. “Private enterprise!” he bellowed. we need in this park.” “Tell him to write to Washington,” advised ancther ranger checking us. We drove on. “Just an old grouch,” we thought. But two hours later we were in a state of intermittent eruptions, too. We had looked forward to camping in Yellowstone. It would have everything, including the very best facilities for campers. We went around Yellowstone lake, taking in the heavenly scenery and then being brought back to earth with an occasional spine-buckling jar when we hit holes and ruts in the blacktop road.

Every Tent Site Taken WE WERE so enchanted by the lake that we decided to stay at Fishing Bridge campground. It is one of the big centers of activity—stores, cafeteria, cabins as well as space for tents and trailers, fishing, boating, and swimming for those with polar. bear instincts. But it seemed that a million other people also had decided to camp there. Never have we seen such a sight. Every parking space and every little tent site was taken. The camp was a big-city tenement district outdoors under the pines. People were staying in pup tents, wall tents, umbrella tents, pyramid tents, trailer tents, trailers, and trucks. Some were camping under tarpaulins stretched between trees. and some had no shelter whatever. Fires were burning and grease was popping, children

Science

DESIGNERS OF every type of gadget in world war II soon discovered that they had to know the way the human eye and ear operated, as well as how a vacuum tube or electric transformer behaved. Thus was born the science of psychophysics. Back in the year 1860, a German scientist named Gustav Theodor Fechner began a study of the relationships between stimuli in the outer world and the mental interpretations that followed the impact of those stimuli on the sense organs. Dr. Fechner was professor of physics in the University of Leipzig, but an impairment of his eyesight led him to investigate this problem of psychological

reactions. Later a younger man became professor of philosophy at Leipzig and established the first psychological laboratory. He was Wilhelm Max Wundt, sometimes called the father of scientific psychology. But it was Fechner’s influence on Wundt that led to the laboratory. Dr. 8. 8. Stevens, Harvard university psychologist, tells that in developing the new science of psycho-

“That's what

physics, scientists often had to go back to the original

work of Fechner.

Old Rules Dug Up “HOW THE OLD rules were dug up and dusted off and new rules were discovered for solving new problems created by new devices is the human story of our machine-age war.” Dr. Stevens writes in the American Scientist, official quarterly of the Sigma Xi Research Society. “Implicit in this tale,” he continues, “is the brief that the nature of man still determines the shape of his world, and of his wars, and that the science of man and his capacities must run hand in hand

My Day , NEW YORK, Tuesday.—I hope both Russia and Marshal Tito are beirig fully informed of the reaction of the people in this country toward Yugoslavia's unwarranted and cruel attack upon American transport planes and toward Russia's backing up of the Yugoslavia government. To us, it seems a flimsy excuse to say that a number of planes, no matter how many, had flown over and taken pictures. It would be more than stupid to use transport planes for aerial photography. And if pictures were taken, what do either the Russians or the Yugoslavs think we would do with them that could be harmful to those countries? It is now being said Britain is pleased that our people have become irritated and will stiffen their attitude of antagonism to Russia. It is said they hope that, as a result, we will back British policy on questions in the Near and Far East. I doubt if that will be the effect on a great num ber of ‘our people. But the effect I already sense is one which I deeply deplore because, if it grows, it will remove a disinterested and therefore a stabilizing factor for the settlement of problems among nations.

Public Asks Questions I ALREADY have heard people say, “Why do we bother spending our money to send food and medicine and other relief needs to-the rest of the world?” " “Why do we keep our men in dangerous places?” “Why don't we stay home where we belong and deal ‘purely on a trade basis with the rest of the world? “If we have products to sell which they want, they will buy, And there are enough friendly people with whom to develop trade relations so that we don't have to bother with the unfriendly.” Lik

were running everywhere and mammas were shouting. Gray dust churned up by the cars was as thick as fog. We didn't stay long. We'd try Canyon. - We'd really prefer that, anyway. We followed the Yellowstone river northward and soon the disturbing picture we had just seen was forgotten. But at the Canyon campground another depressing experience awaited us. The camp was cut up by an unfinished and apparently abandoned highway. Only one comfort station was open—two were closed—and 50 many people were camped around it that we could not find a site within convenient walking distance. And dust was flying everywhere.

By the Side of the “Dirt” Road

WE DIDN'T want to go on to the north end of the park, since we planned to see that section on our way out, so we turned back south to &n undesignated campground on the river which had looked rather attractive. But it, too, was full. So on we went—past Fishing Bridge. It was almost dark as we pulled in at the Lake campground: But this was even worse than the others. It was so crowded that campers had pushed on back into the woods beyond the campiog area. No .plumbing and not a water spigot on the grounds. But we were desperate.

truck carrying their luggage. We retreated and found another spot nearer the front of the campground. Soon we discovered why nobody else was using it.

It was too close to the dirt road—that old dust again.|pairbanks, has still fewer men. No- rescue im lanes frequented by Rus- sled team from Ft. Richardson, AnWe cooked |where else in Alaska is there any sian

However, it was for only one night. supper on our little GI stove and no meal on the whole trip tasted better. That dust gave it flavor. Long after we had gone to bed we could hear cars entering the campground. This morning we looked out on a brighter world—and some new neighbors. Right across the road is a couple sound asleep in a light truck. And just beyond them is a big car that wasn't there last night. I think there are folks asleep in it, too.

By David Dietz

with technology if simple effective harmony is to ensue. “Whatever the task or the skill required, whatever the human sense employed, there are rules governing the actions and discriminations of men which make one way of doing things better than another. These are the rules of psychophysics.”

Calls Attention to Radar

AS AN EXAMPLE of the importance of psychophysics, he calls attention to the development of the radar during the war. All through the war there was a constant attempt to design and build radars that would reach out farther and farther into space. People. recall that we spent $2,000,000,000 on the atomic bomb. They forget that three billion was spent designing and building radars. The radar sends out an extremely short radio beam which is reflected and made visible on a sort of television screen, more exactly, on various types of oscillograph tubes. Now the returning echo of a ‘radar beam appears as a little “pip” or spike projecting from a bright line on the flat surface of the screen. should be easy to see except for the fact that static often fills the screen with all sorts of pips. The radar operators called them “grass.” The trick is to pick out one “blade of grass,” the pip that is the echo he is looking for. It was soon found that an operator's skill in reading radar signals under adverse conditions depended upon all sort of pyschological factors, Dr. Stevens writes. The size of the screen, the length of the pips, the rate at which radar impulses succeeded each other, the brightness of the light in the radar room, ete, all affected the results that could be obtained. Thus is was necessary to design radars that took into account these factors as well ag the laws of radio transmission.

By Eleanor Roosevelt

This is an all too familiar attitude among the American people. We have heard it in times past and we will probably hear it many times again. And

now the Yugoslavs and Russians have given it great!

impetus.

Should Work Together

THOSE of us who believe it is possible to be

friendly with all the world have fought this attitude |

and tried to be understanding toward all other nations. But we do not take easily or blandly the shooting down of unarmed planes and the death of American ‘men. : I always have wanted co-operation with Russia. But I fight the American Communists within the United States for the simple reason that I believe we have greater power under our present form of government and under our present economic system to advance the well-being of our people as a whole. If we find that we need changes, either in our form of government or in our economic system, we can achieve our objectives more quickly under our economic system and under our set-up than can the people who live under what they euphemistically call a democratic dictatorship. They have the right, however, in their own country to their own ideas, and the right to grow in their own way. I believe we can work side by side, but we cannot do so If they uphold the kind of action taken by Marshal Tito when he meets our formal demands wit the protest. that all he did was right. : We havé an obligation to meet other nations halfway in friendliness and understanding, but they have that obligation, too—and these latest developments show no“realization of their responsibility,

Discontinue 6.) Orders for Jeeps, Other Vehicles

The war assets administration announced it can accept no more G, 1. orders for surplus jeeps or

WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 (U. Pore!

for standard commercial types of that existing “orders cannot be filled, WAA said.

trucks and tractors.

" v

Although these vehicles remain on the veterans set-aside list, de-|which are surplus or may become Public Health Service Cadet Nursmands have so far. exceeded supply |surplus will continue 10 be held

Officials sald any such vehicles

for veterans who already have orders on file,

That¥

The In

SECOND SECTION

By Scripps-Howard Newspapers FAIRBANKS, Alaska, Aug. 28.—Alaska is .ripe to become a second Pearl Harbor. y Army and navy commanders at Anchorage, Fairbanks and Kodiak— {key defense points—say they could | hold out against a determined air- | borne attack two to six hours. Adak, |on the Aleutian chain, might last [longer. Dutch Harbor and Attu could be overrun at will. There is this important differ‘ence: The men responsible for the

|defense of Alaska are alert to the |danger. Until peace treaties are | signed and international differences | resolved they realize there is always 'the possibility—however remote—of [trouble here where the world's two greatest powers face each other across the narrow, ice-focked expanse of the Bening straits. Navy's discovery of a “second Iranian oil field” in its 35,000-square mile reserve around Point Barrow and Russia's stubborn refusal] to admit legality of the Alaskan purchase in | 1867 may soon bring tension to a [new high. In event Alaska is attacked by an {unfriendly power—which is hardly | probable at this time—its defenders {would put up the best fight possible with the weapons and men at hand. But in the summer and early fall lof 1946—today—it is not enough. |

#in-n

of manpower. Exact figures of

‘troops now stationed in Alaska are |

withheld for reasons of security. |

|The Aleutian islands, which once |

[numbers navy and army service | personnel in the hundreds. Kodiak,

We picked out a grassy|which housed 25,000 army and navy | responsibilities. spot in the rear of the grounds, and were preparing | during the war, has likewise been and think they are entitled to—first| and warm fronts which sweep over to pitch our tent when a riot descended upon us— reduced to skeleton forces. Elmen-| priority on replacements. As it is,/the Pacific are born here. two truckloads of yelling youngsters followed by a/dorf field. Anchorage, headquarters|they must fight for everything they | The mainland offers wide expanse

|for the Department of Alaska, has | ia few thousand men, largely air] {force and service troops. Ladd field, |

sizeable concentration of fighting troops. In all of Alaska, there is not one combat division. Kodiak, base of the North Pacific feet, has no operating radar. That {used during the war is stored in an | abandoned hangar. Radar men are| {not to be had. Patrol planes fly at {infrequent intervals. There are too few pilots and mechanics. As a result, nerves and tempers are frayed. When the fire alarm at

{Kodiak stuck recently and poured

navy families rushed from their homes fearing an enemy had at(tacked. Navy submarine maneuvers lin the Bering straits kept the FBI | busy day and night tracking down!

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1046

“ Dutch Harbor, the navy's oldest base in the Aleutian islands, has been reduced to “caretaker” status in the reorganization of Alaskan defenses, but may be recommissioned later on a limited scale. This wartime scene shows Dutch Harbor's welcome to a submarine which sank five Jap vessels.

reports enemy troops had landed] “Gentlemen, if that is your sched-| ALASKAN DEFENSE, roughly,

near Nome. Spy scares are frequent. y & 8.8 ADMITTEDLY, THIS is a tran-|

it is extremely doubtful army and navy ever again will be as weak in Alaska as they are today. But both

{based 60,000 combat troops today | services are anxious that the war tian islands are mere pin points of | . ' . |

and navy departments appreciate

| their problems and recognize their yer The Aleutians are the world’s

They would like—

get. The navy, for instance, is without a Russian-language officer, although it is responsible for sea

shipping. When a Russian tanker broke apart neat Attu this spring, its crew could not identify their ship. Army and navy commands fear Washington may be paying service to Alaska but falling back into old thought patterns which have never encompassed the far north, able to see the picture only in terms of Hawaii and New York. They would - like more of Gen. Eisenhower's and Adm. Nimitz’ staff

overnight, Maj. Gen. Howard Craig, commandant, Alaskan department, told them:

—

By SHERLEY UHL

“When I look at the country today, I sometimes wonder what we fought for.” The sentiments of a world war II veteran? Not by a long shot. It's the way venerable, 98-year-{old Hiram R. Gale of Seattle, commander in chief of the G. A. R,, feels about the turmoil of our time.| Like several other civil war veterans interviewed at the national encampment here, Commander Gale is against atom bombs, OPA, regi{mentation and many other features of current civilization.

Most Republicans

A majority, if not all, of those present are stanch Republicans, as you might expect considering their | deeply rooted civil war loyalties. | Listen to the outspoken, unquali- | fied summation of William Osborn, | 103, of Joplin, Mo., oldest G.A.R. member present, Gesturing with gnarled, trembling fist, he declares: “There's nothing in the pages of history to compare with the teffille fix the United States is in ay. | President Truman is a ward politi- | cian.” “I'm from Missouri,” he snapped, “but I'm sure against Truman and his crowd.” Albert Woolson, 99, of Duluth, | Minn., also is ruffled over the na- | | tional administration. Says he,]| {with a slight smile playing over his | lips: | “It's time to give the Democrats a rest because the Republican party

lip |

OUR DEFENSES IN ALASKA . .. By Jim Lucas

Arctic ‘Pearl Harbor"

[ule, I will not see you." | The colonels changed their plans in favor of a longer stopover. |

. 8»

THE PROBLEM is primarily one, ition period. After demobilization, ‘western Alaska, (3) eastern Alaska. partments (1) Aleutian Alaska, (2)

| Problems of logistics, weather and | terrain differ radically on the chain | {and on the mainland... The Aleu-|

land, offering no room for maneu-

| weather factory: most of the cold

of mountains and uninhabited ice| fields, many of which have never {been visited by white men. A dog

| chorage, traveled 100 miles a day for | eight days through northern Alaska without contacting another human being. The next week it averaged | three miles a day for five days with the, same results. The navy will operate in the Aleutian islands, with headquarters at Kodiak. Ils major base will be Adak. Another will be Attu. Dutch Harbor, oldest naval base in the

Possible

can be divided geographically into two categories, (1) the mainland (2) the Aleutian chain. It may eventually be divided into three de-

Dutch Harbor; Amchitka, and at Cold Bay and Naknek on the Alaskan peninsula jutting out to the chain, ” ” ” THERE WILL be plenty to do. Army must learn much of the mountains. Its Alaskan _scouts— officially designated the first combat intelligence platoon—each winter covers and maps miles of wasteland heretofore uncharted. Rear Adm. F. A. Daubin, commandant, Alaskan sea frontier, has asked for ships. and men to find a second pass through the Aleutian chain. At present, ships entering or leaving the Bering sea—and this includes Russian shipping—must pass through at Unalaska or travel around Attu, both extremely vulnerable to air and submarine attack. Waters around Attu are treacherous in winter. Four tankers have broken apart there since

was (the stories in the labor press. The B I[main reason was that lobbyists for

and

PAGE 11 | Labor Unions Block Plan to Study

Labor Laws

By FRED W. PERKINS _ Scripps-Moward Staff Writer WASHINGTON, Aug. 28.—-Union publications disclose In current issues why congress adjourned Aug. 2 without setting up a joint house-senate committee to study and report on desirable changes in national labor laws, The reason was not simply the usual pre-adjournment jam in the legislative machinery, according to

A. F. of L and C. I. O. prevailed on a few sympathetic senators to threaten extended debate which would have snarled up the hurry= home schedule, “The Shipyard Worker,” organ of the C. I: O, Marine and Ship~ building Workers union, identifies Chairman James E. Murray (D, Mont.) of the senate education and labor committee, as a leader in this maneuver.

» ~ . HENCE WHEN CONGRESS meets in January it will not have the benefit of the thorough study recommended by President Truman supported by a number of memuers of congress friendly to

. Senator Murray's committee has been accused frequently of blocking legislation opposed by the big unions. The latter have resisted all proposals for amending basis labor laws, apparently on the ground’ that their position might be made less favorable. ; The maritime union article admits that a minority of the senate was in Senator Murray's corner on pigeonholing the proposed study.

= » ” THE STUDY COMMITTEE was proposed by President Truman in late May when he ssked a drastio emergency law to deal with coal and railroad strikes. The study commits tee was to concentrate on long-time legislation as a substitute for the Case bill, which the President later vetoed. The house passed the drastie Truman bill and also the study pro posal by overwhelming majorities. The Truman bill went under thors ough scrutiny in the senate, was weakened by a coalition of conservatives and labor advocates, and was returned to the house—where it died in the rules committee.

r . . THE STUDY COMMITTEE was sponsored by Rep. Howard Smith (D. Va.).®}t provided for a joint committee of l14—seven from each of the two branches of congress. It

Jan, 1.

| chain, is at present in caretaker status but may be recommissioned

| officers to come to Alaska and stay.|on'a “limited scale.” |its mournful wail across the base,|studying the problem. When a dele-| The army maintains headquarters | | gation of five army colonels arrived 'at Anchorage, with mainland bases | from Washington recently to stay at Nome and Pairbanks. Garrisons |

|also are maintained on Shemya, 30 miles from Attu; Ft. Glenn, on {Umnak, near Dutch Harbor; at

A joint chiefs of staff commission | has completed a survey of Alaskan | post-war military development. Its report—top secret—is now before Adm. Daubin and Gen. Craig. Both commands are pleased. The job now | is to make that report effective. Alaska can be defended.

TOMORROW: Oil under the ice.

fought and won the civil war. I voted for Lincoln and I've been a consistent Republican ever since.” Orlando LeValley, 98, of Caro, Mich., doesn't think the atom-age generation takes an active enough interest in politics. People Believe Anything “Nowadays they just want to spend money and raise cain. People have a tendency to believe anything

{they hear and they're not familiar|with moist eyes at the Claypool

enough with the facts to decide what's right and what's wrong. In my time every man was a real politiclan nad we generally knew what all the shouting was about.” John C. Adams, 99, of Jonesboro, Ind., only Hoosier civil war veteran attending this year's encampment, says the modern G.I. is “pampered”

” n » Fought 2 or 3 By JACK THOMPSON John H. Grate, 101, is a hardened cavalryman whg rode through blood and thunder during the civil war. Sitting in his chair at the Claypool hotel and toying with a big reading glass today, Mr. Grate, senior vice commander of the na-

tional G. A. R., told, in a strong voice, of his experiences with Sheridan's cavalry in eastern Virginia, “All'of my fighting was done in Virginia east of the Blue Ridge mountains,” reflected the cen-

when compared with the Boys in; | Blue. { | “I never heard of this rehabilita- | tion stuff 'til I read it in the news- | papers,” he observed. “After the |civil war everybody went home to {the farm. Nobody cared whether | we got jobs. And there wasn’t anybody around to sing and dance for | | us.” | | Leaning on his cane and blinking |

| lobby, Commander in Chief Gale | denounced the atom bomb as a vio{lation of the rules of “honorable warfare.” “As bloody as the civil war was,” he recalled, “we wouldn't dare shoot civilians." As it now stands, the world is

Veteran of 1865 Echoes G.I. Joe's Plaint

“We've lost our independence,” he laments. “We're corraled at every turn like cattle. Our constitutional rights are violated. We try to beat the law of supply and demand with tomfoolery like the OPA. “We ought to apply more honesty and plain business ethics to the operation of the world. Let's recover the principle of brotherly love.” None of the old-timers was completely pessimistic, however. They all thought that, sooner or later, the U. 8. would “come to its senses” and recapture some of the mellow flavor of the 18th century. “This is no time to quit,” said Commander in Chief Gale. “The world sort of needs a few old heads

without principles, he comments.

* ~ Times D tenarian. the place.” “Sheridan's where, We'd be in two or three fights a day sometimes” he said. “Charge 'em from the flanks! Shoot as hard and as fast as we could; then cut ’em down with our | swords. That's the way we ‘did Ht.”

during the war was the one at Five, Forks, Va. in 1864. { “We lost a lot of men and a lot | of horses during that fight,” he | sald. The aged veteran's eyes lit up as

By WILLIAM A. O'BRIEN, M.D.

THE UNITED STATES is facing the greatest shortage of nurses in its history, and in most localities the situation is more critical now than it was during the war. Many nurses are still inservice or haye - failed to return to thelr former positions. The better economic condition of our people at the present time has led to an increase in the demand for medichl service, and as a result the nussss we mow have are greatly

overworked, »

ua 8 : NURSING schools urge young womien to consider nursing as a career. The majority of schools | need candidates for the next class to replace students who formerly enrolled through the United States

ing program, Nursing schools provide a girl with an opporunity to secure a

THE DOCTOR SAYS: Hospital Aid Shortage Is Critical

Trained Nurses Bad

Most nursing schools ask their students to pay a small tuition fee, but in return they provide mainte nance during the period of instruction,

” » " HOSPITAL boards are taking their position as educators seriously, and the modern nursing school has become an 'important unit in professional education. Nursing students are, no longer exploited by. hospitals, as one can observe by studying the nursing curriculum, which provides definite hours of instruction and assignment to services on an educational and not on a apprentice basis, Nurses receive well-rounded training. If the hospital at which they are studying. cannot supply a certain service, it is. obtained elsewhere for them. Training in the care of children's diseases, tuber= culosis, rheumatic fever, and .men-

professional education at little cost.

tal .diseases fis- often acquired -at separate institutions. g

y Needed

DURING THE war many nurs-ing-school buildings were constructed with federal aid, so that many desirable training vacanéies now are available. Modern nursing homes provide every facility for health maintenance and for recreation. They compare faborably in every respect with other boarding-schools for young women. The old idea that nursing was a narrow profession with only a single outlet (bedside nursing) is still a popular misconception. ~ ” » ACTUALLY, nurses specialize in many nursing branches, and countless employment opportunities exist for them outside the nursing pro- | tession itself. The majority of nurses marry. They make excellent housewives, mothers, and community-health leaders. ‘ : : if universal military ‘training

aily, Veteran

“We sure rode all over|he

like ours.” »

" » described the unnumbered charges and retreats during the

cavalry was every|Five Forks fray.

_ Charge ‘Johnny Rebs’ Hundreds - of horses and men charging into the “Johnny Rebs” only to be beaten back into their own cloud of dust. . . . Shrieks of

: |wounded and dying horses and Toughest battle Mr. Grate fought) yng

. ..Glistening swords and the continuous cracking of rifles. “The Union scored another victory there, though,” proudly de-

clared the stooped, white-haired little man. “We took 1500 prisoners.”

Mr. Grate never was injured during his two years of fighting from 1863 to the end of the war in 1865. He did, however, have to patch two holes that were shot in his blue cap. Riding hard, sleeping on the ground with his horse tied to his wrist, foraging for ,.food—all were in the life of the civil war cavalryman who enlisted .in Ohio. at. the ‘age of 18. Kept Lee in Uproar “You know what hard-tack is?” he asked. “Well, the stuff we had was so hard we had to break it with our gun butts. We'd let the worms crawl out then eat the rest.” : : : During one period of the war when his regiment was constantly on the move, Mr. Grate wore the seat’ of his pants through from “pounding the saddle.” Seeing a pair of white trousers hanging from a clothesline behind a southerner’s house, he galloped by on his horse, pulling the pants from the clothesline as he went. “The 6th Ohio Volunteer cavalry was a great outfit. We certainly

were adopted, the ideal program for women would be nurse training.

kept Lee's army in an uproar,” he concluded. ud ;

would have had power to initiate legislation without channeling It through ‘house and senate labor committees, which are dominated by union supporters. The bill was reported to the senate in modified form but Majority Leader Alben W. Barkley (D. Ky.) insisted it should be changed back to the house version. That, according to the union papers’ story, was when the C. I. O. and A. F. of L. forces got busy to kill the whole proposal, - ~ WHAT WILL happen in this field in the next congress depends upon several factors: ONE: The strength showr. by the union vote in the November elec tions. TWO: Whether big strikes cone centrate public attention again on the question. THREE: The views taken on labor matters by the two political parties in advance of the 1948 Presidential election.

We, The Women

Wives Forget Resolutions Made in War

By RUTH MILLETT

THERE probably were few wives who sat out the war years alone without feeling that separation had taught them a few things about marriage. Are they remembering the lessons they said such a short time ago they never would forget? Such things as: “We saw too much of the same people—just from habit.” . ” Ld “WHEN JIM comes home we're going to invite people to our home because we like them or because they're fun to have around—not just because ‘we really must de something about the Joneses.’” “I made a mistake in giving up my own friends and my own ine terests. “1 had to go back to them when Jim was gone, and then I realized I never should have made being Jim's wife my whole life. It wasn’t good for me—and I won't do i$ again,”

" . " . “NEVER again will ‘the house’ be my chief interest. .."When, Jim , was. gone. the thing... that kept us close was the memory of shared experiences, not shared possessions. Te “I'll never hesitate again about such a choice as going along with Jim on a business trip or staying. home and using the money saved to buy new draperies for the living room.” * a . “I'M NOT going to woiry~Jim se much with household and family problems I'should be able to solve myself, now that I've discovered I can handle them alone.” : That is the way the war wives were talking such a short time ago. They felt they had learned about marriage from se