Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 June 1946 — Page 18

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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

.

| SCRIPPS = NOWARD | RETURN.TO DIRECT PRIMARY YESTERDAY'S Republican state convention was a farce if there ever was one, insofar as it represented the

will of the voters of Indiana.

Candidates backed by the powerful statehouse machine for United States senator, judge of the supreme court of Indiana, and other state positions were nominated without anyone else having a look-in. In the process, good men were purged—among them Senator Raymond E. Willis and Judge Frank N. Richman—to make way for candidates who fitted in better with future plans of the statehouse crowd.

The high-handed manner in which this convention was handled, with its “selections” determined in fact weeks or months ago and even announced before the delegates had come to Indianapolis, is excellent argument for return to the primary election method of choosing nominees.

This method was followed from passage of the 1915 registration act until 1929. The 1915 act provided for selection of nominees for President, governor and U. S. senator in preferential primaries. If the candidate obtained a majority of the votes of his party, the state convention

was bound to nominate him. ” ~ . .

» THE year before the change was made from primary to convention nomination for these offices, Frederick E. Schortemeier, secretary of state, led the nearest of his seven competitors for the governorship nomination by 28,000 votes. None received a clear majority, so the nomination went to convention. On five of the seven ballots, Mr. Schortemeier led. But the convention finally was swung to Harry G. Leslie, sixth in the primary race. It seems to us that it’s time to go back to the primary system with its rotigh-and-fumble campaigning, as so many men and women prominent in Republican and Democratic politics advocate. Yesterday's spectacle proves that.

enough as candidates to receive a majority of all votes cast, when they were elected. There is no reason for a change without choice, no sound reason for a purge based on the fact they don't fit in with the aspirations of the controlling statehouse crowd. . In a primary, the voters would at least demand to know how William E. Jenner, the senate nominee of yesterday, stood on such controversial questions as OPA, social security, the British loan, foreign policy and other matters on which he has not declared himself. About all we know about Mr. Jenner's opinions is that he believes “a third war would destroy civilization” and “our need in govern-

we've heard that one somewhere before.

~ » . RANTED that there are inherent weaknesses in the expensive primary system, such as those that made possible nomination and election of Ed Jackson and others with ku klux klan support. As our Washington correspondent Daniel M. Kidney observes, such germs in the stream of the body politic usually work themselves out. And in a democracy, the people are privileged to make the mistakes for which they

pay.

Better a wrong decision by popular voice than a dubious decision such as yesterday's dictated by a small.group of powerful politicians without regard to the voice of the voters.

LABOR PARTY BEHIND BEVIN

NDORSEMENT of British foreign policy by the Labor party's annual conference. will strengthen Secretary Bevin's hand when the foreign ministers’ sessions resume in Paris next week. Parliament already had registered approval, with large Conservative as well as Labor support. But leftists of the * trade unions had hoped to pass at least some of their critical resolutions against Bevin at the party conference. All five were voted down or withdrawn. Since Bevin's firm policy toward Russia was the chief target, the conference's unwillingness to vote the Soviet line was significant. <_ ) Prodded by the bitter campaign of Moscow against him,~Beyin in his conference address restated his challenge of Russia's obstructionist tactics: “I am not going to be a party to any design in strategy against Russia. ... But this division of Europe, this awful business of drawing a line from Stettin to Albania and behind that this solified position-~if that happens, which God forbid, you. will have two camps in Europe and that will be the road to another struggle.” His reply to Moscow's stall strategy to prevent allied peace treaties and to keep Red troops in liberated countries was the same as that of Secretary of State Byrnes—sep-

other countries.”

but will act without her if forced.

LIQUOR OUT OF POLITICS

i J the first move we've seen toward doing anything abeu 1. Gow, Gates was right. :

cleaned up, right now. ~~

Times Publishing Co, 214 W. Maryland)

all other states, |.

Both Senator Willis and Judge Richman were strong |

ment is more efficiency, honesty, and decency.” It seems

arate treaties if necessary. As Bevin put it: “No one ~ nation is going to keep us in a state of war forever with

We hope Bevin and Byrnes will be able to persuade Russia at Paris that the other allies wish to act with her,

IS true, as Gov. Gates told the G. O. P. convention * yesterday, that the liquor license mess in this state was “inherited” by his administration. One might be unkind enough to add that it was inherited two years ago and this

u political-liquor alliance in Indiana fairly cries out atter who devised it, no matter who profited by it,

"High Time We Dr

"I do not say, but | your right to say it." — Voltaire.

Hoosier Forum

wo

AVERAGE UNION AABORER

agree with a word that you will defend to the death

"Seeds of War Thrive in Soil Of Starvation and of Despair"

By Chaplain W. D, Kuenzli, Wiesbaden, Germany

“In greatest need we write you our urgent request. We beg you, help us before it is too late. We see hunger and death all around us. We have the impression that no one cares whether we live or die. We are becoming bitter and desperate, “The misery has now become so profound that we can hardly bear it any longer. The death bell rings daily several times. With a little The dear little kiddies wither away from starvation. Must our promising more food, the old folks could be saved—they are so precious to us. babies and children die? “Our worn-out women and mothers get more hopeless from day toto pay support of their children day. Many are tempted to commit after a divorce is granted to either suicide—they can't stand this life parent. Also about attorney fees,

“LABOR UNIONS REMOVED THE SHACKLES OF LABOR” By Theo. B. Marshall, 1114 Tecumseh st. It is certainly a lop-sided attempt to defend justice and at the same time join with big business in their effort to squeeze labor. One of these squeezes was°big business organizations partly successful attempt to do away with price control. They thereby hope to weaken labor by picking their pockets, this most certainly affects all the people. With~ out price control big business will be able to sky-rocket prices and enrich themselves at the expense of all the people, and not a peep out of you.

much longer, property settlement, stating women “We cry to God; and we cry toifile for most divorces; giving you also . .. in His name we plead grounds they use. I wish to say —please, please nelp us, or we|lwe need a uniform national law perish.” covering same. Our This tragic letter describes conditions in the forces during the war. lin. It was sent me by Frau Elsa Therefore same support basis could Jensen and daughters, Christian be used nationally. Also, I wish to friends I met while * ving as an [state that I believe that the women army chaplain. Frau J. is the widow {are equally responsible or at fault of Bishop Jensen, well-known in| when any home is broken up as America as a leader in the world | marriage is a fifty-fifty give and Inter-Church Movement. One take contract. daughter is principal of the Chris- | Tne judges give the mothers custian kindergarten in Staaken, the | 4. of children $6 per cent of the suburb described in the letter. The | yme thereby taking the child away other is secretary of the Berlin, ji5 father's care or support. Y. W. C. A. dean of the Lutheran when what happens? The judge Bible school, and friend of Bishop | yjes the father to pay full support Dibellus and Pastor Niemoeller, | of children to court, never at same men who were thrown into concen- | ,nitorm rates. And then states tration camps for their opposition | father to see or be with children a

British sector of Ber- {armed

to Naziism. o few hours per month. No equal Twenty-five million Americans | jing, Result is that the father have relatives here in Germany.

soon gets wise to the injustices of courts, unequal rulings, which should be fifty-fifty on time, custody, rulings, etc. Then he {fails to pay support because the money is sent to the mothers and not to her children with no accounting of its proper use. The children then become the goat of parent battle through our unfair«courts resulting in child deliquency.

About a year ago the newspapers carried “articles where the U. 8. supreme court judges asked our congress to make amendment to our constitution on equal rights, uniform laws to cover such subject. Yet no action has ever been taken by congress. Why? Do they fear losing ‘a few votes? Surely every thinking person should favor uniform laws and equal rulings.

Side Glances—By Galbraith

They and all right-thinking people are tremendously concerned that, this helpless nation does not starve. But the threat is real, the danger is’ imminent. As ex-President Hoover is pointing out, the fate of the world depends on the action America takes or fails to take. Seeds of war thrive in the soil of despair, as after the first world war. The “Four Horsemen” ride again. Upon the United States rests fateful responsibilities. May she not be blinded by hatred and revenge. M wv » “WOMEN SHARE BLAME FOR BROKEN HOMES” By J. BR. Chendler, 113 8. Sherman dr. I read a very fine and interesting article in the Forum by Margaret Denman about wanting federal and state laws passed to require fathers

t

"{ don't ses much in your paper any more about the Japs, Clem! Lo Alo we finally at peace with that side of the world!”

a he i ; i u ea aN

government made support laws for children of

You drag Mr. Whitney and labor unions over the coals, but you never mention the causes responsible for the act, or offer any constructive suggestions for the renmioval of this cause, Instead you cast all reason aside and try to ham-string la‘bor. You would take away from labor the only means it has to get for itself a part of the fruits of its labor due it. You would place labor at the mercy of big business and relegate it to the position it was forced to accept until the unions | became strong enough to demand | that some of the things to which | every free man is entitled be given | them. You place the blame for in- | conveniences suffered by all on labor alone and exonerate big business. If the unions’ demands can be met now, they surely could have been met before labor was forced to strike. Can you blame labor for the railroad managements’ refusal to grant the things asked for until they were forced to do so? Labor should be allowed a fair share of the profits of big business. Labor unions, not government, removed the shackles that ensMved labor. This legislation which you so | forcefully commend is little short of the tactics employed by the nations with which we warred in order to abolish. It is the greatest kind of injustice and should be condemned by every liberty loving man worthy to be called an American. 5 5 » “IF CITY IS IN RED NOW, HOW ABOUT NEXT YEAR?” By George Weaver, Indianapolis A few days ago I read in the paper where the city is going to be $600,000 short by the end of, the year and I just want to explain to the ones that are responsible .for that big debt to change their ways of spending our taxpayers money and we won't be in debt like that. Here are a few reasons why we are in the hole: $75,000 for a gover nor's home on N. Meridian st.; $15,000 a year for governors’ widow pen- | sions—the lawmakers agreed to give | $3000 of our hard earned money a year to each of the governors’ widows, and there are fiye of them today. Now if I were a governor's widow, I would hate to think that when my husband died that he couldn't leave me in a position to live the rest of my life without accepting charity. Nevertheless, if any of these widows really needed the help worse than a lot of people I know, God have mercy on their poor souls, Now, my main suggestion is this, When election time comes, vote against such rotten politics whether they are Republicans or Democrats, And if we are in the red now, I hate to think of what our streets and alleys will look like by next year at this time. " Now if anybody ‘has any better suggestions for keeping the city and state out of the réd, let us hear from them, ‘

DAILY THOUGHT

But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. ~Matthew 5:39, . no. Revenge is always

the weak

REFLECTIONS. . . By Robert C. Ruark

NEW YORK, June 14—Man and boy, I have sailed the seven seas, and I never met a guy yet who said he liked it. There are those who don’t feel at home ashore, but that is because they are trapped by habit. They ain't any happier on the main, but at least they are not self-conscious. ; ad . The chief thing thgy hate about the romantic ocean is that there is nothing to do in their spare time. And in many seagoing jobs, there is little physical exertion in the performance of daily chores. In the case, say, of a lookout on the focsle head, a man standing a yheel watch, a mate on the bridge, a fireman or oiler in the engine room, the ‘emphasis is not on physical activity, nor, in actual practice, on mental exertion.

Time on Their Hands NOT UNTIL EACH VESSEL is equipped with hostesses, and seagoing men are supplied whisky to drink openly in their off-hours will a sailor actually need, desire, or use a regular day off. You go nuts trying to ‘fill in the spare time you have. Most of the professiondl sailors I know have manual labor hobbies, to keep themselves amused on their watch below. They tire of reading, when the comic books are dog-eared and the generally scanty ship's library is exhausted. Poker palls, when you go bust early. People who've never worked at sea have small conception of the appalling dullness of the life. The man with nothing to do is as nearly restricted by sea and sky as an airplane passenger. Joseph Curran, the National Maritime union. boss

| who is moaning low for a day of rest at sea for his

brethren, hasn't spent enough time on water recently to recall how long the days can be. The shipowners spokesman, Frank Taylor, speaks realistically when he charged that Mr. Curran’s strike threat, over short-

WASHINGTON, June 14.—Vice Adm. William Ward Smith has stepped from the navy into chairmanship of the U..8. maritime commission and war shipping administration just in time to have a three-year-old eight billion dollar brat dropped on his doorstep. It's a demand for congressional ihvestigation of the bookkeeping of those two organizations. Admiral Smith himself is classed as a political neutral. The demand for the investigation comes from Republican Senator George D. Aiken of Vermont and Rep. Richard B. Wigglesworth of Massachusetts. But they are backed up by an audit from the general accounting office of Comptroller General Lindsay GC: Warren, who is a Democrat.

Irregularities Predicted ONLY THE AUDIT FOR 1943 has been made public so far, but that's where the trouble is. Before July 1 the general accounting office hopes to have completed its audit of maritime commission and shipping administration books for 1944. It is understood that this report’ will also show considerable irregularity in the bookkeeping. But a preliminary examination of 1945 books indicates that mistakes of the two previous years have been corrected, so the whole thing may blow over, The final audit of 1945 operations may not be completed for some months, however. Until it is brought out the whole case may have to hang fire. In the meantime, the GAO audit of 1943 shipbuilding and shipping operations is being given considerable distortion. Senator Aiken's reference to “$8,007,163,990.60 improperly accounted for” has been taken to mean that this sum has been stolen. C. I. O. maritime unions, doing everything they can to promote their strike demands by giving the bosses a black eye, have taken up the cry that “shipowners looted the U. S. treasury of several billion dollars.”

Soviet Shapes

SEOUL, Korea, June 14.—Major Russian pawn in today’s Soviet rivalry with the United States in the Far East is the Communist “Interim People's Committee,” which now governs northern Korea. In -American-held southern Korea there is nothing resembling this Soviet handpicked, actively functioning cabinet headed by ex-partisan Communist leader, Gen, Kim Il Sung. Difference between the Russians’ young puppet, Kim, and America’s white hope in the south, Prince-ton-educated Dr. Syngman Rhee, is that the Soviets have built Kim up into a sort of Korean Stalin, while the Americans have whittled the white-haired, 70-year-old Rhee down to the level of other party leaders. They listen to his advice, but guarantee him nothing except a free crack at the eventual elections like anybody else including Communists.

Centralize Agricultural Control

THE USUAL STORIES of Soviet atrocities filter across the 38th parallel, from the Russian into Amerjcan zone, carried by Japanese refugees. They are heavily discounted. Moscow's ban on the entrance of American newspapermen makes it impossible to determine between the belief of Edwin C. Pauley’s reparations mission, that Bovietized Korea is relatively unplundered, and the U. 8B. army's documented contention that substantial i removals of machinery have been made by the Russians, In order to examine fairly the Communist “government” maintained behind the Soviet censorship

publications, smuggled through the lines, and clandestine visits by Korean political leaders acceptable to both sides. « Red Korea is living under a limited form of agricultural communism. According to the official press, 46 per cent of the arable land has been confiscated by the Communist-controlled People’s committee. Korean landowners .lost 206,656 acres; Japanese landowners lost 25,126 acres; Korean “traitors” lost 5421

TODAY IN EUROPE . . . By

PARIS, June 14.—It seems particularly unfortunate that the foreign ministers of the four great powers have been unable to reach any agreement as to the future of Austria, one of the subjects on next week's agenda. In other areas, their interests clash and make agreement difficult. But. Austria is one area where rival interests are at a minimum. At Yalta, it was decided that Austria should be separated from Germany and given her independence. This was not done out of love for the Austrians. It was based on realization that Germany, with its population of 80,000,000, would remain, however much defeated and disarmed, potentially the strongest power in Europe. Therefore, any decision contributing to a permanent diminution in her manpower and area must contribute to the long-term interests of European peace. Natural Bond With Germany IT WAS CLEMENCEAU who said, “The trouble with Europe is that there are 20,000,000 too imany people here; the tragedy is that they are all Germans.” If this be so, the great powers are being exceedingly short-sighted in their attitude toward Austria. They have separated Austria from the Reich, but there's

comed and implemented by the Austrians, Long before Hitler marched into Austria and an-

minority which favored an “anschluss” with Germany. This policy was based on economic, political, strategic and cultural considerations: One may be sure that there will also be a certain desire, even if only that of a minority, to reunite with Germany, for Germany will always exert a powerful automatic magnetism over ‘her southern neighbor.

mind.

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How can this inevitable tendency be arrested?

curtain, it is necessary to rely mainly on controlled.

no permanence in any such decision unless it is wel-

nexed it to the Reich, there was a large Austrian

a NATE ue lat 3 isis sabi

ened work-weeks, is based less on a concern for the seamen’s well-being than on a ‘device to grab more dough, : "The four-on, eight-oft watch, and the sharp atten

tion to overtime pay for those who are asked to work

past their scheduled hours, gives a sailing stiff more

-leisure than he knows what to do with. In these days

of oll-driven vessels and union regulations, extreme bodily fatigue is a rarity. ! Heavy labor of overhaul in the engine room is done in port and the bosun works his deck gang at light maintenance when the ship is at sea. A man who seldom gets bone-weary needs minimum sleep, Half of his 16 free hours are depressingly. vacant of diversion. In Washington, Mr. Curran says facetiously that a seaman, on his day off, can hang over the side and watch the mermaids. That's a pretty accurate appraisal of the recreational facilities, if you are willing to substitute flying fish for mermaids. Mr. Curran also cites going to church as a form of relaxation for the waterborne holiday maker. He did not mention whether the N. M.U. was shortly to supply a corps of amphibious pastors.

What to Do With Leisure? ~~ WHAT THE GUYS ACTUALLY would do on an extra days off is lose a little more money playing poker. They would soap a few more socks, carve a few more wooden ships, make a few more ashtrays and curse Mr, Curran for their enforced, additional boredom. One of the things that keep a seaman from going off his rocker is the daily expectancy of something to do, apart from bulkhead gazing and horizon contemplation. Believe me, until each ship is staffed with dames -and a bar is built into every focsle, the seafarer needs'a day of rest like he needs another 60 fathoms of water under the keel. He is ill-equipped to employ the leisure he already owns.

IN WASHINGTON . . . By Peter Edson | Scandal in the Maritime Commission

Comptroller General Warren's office has made no such charges. While it would be a miracle if all the billions spent in such haste for war shipbuilding and shipping could be accounted for down to the last penny, this is pretty much of a bookkeeper’s war, What the 1943 audit shows is that maritime comJunission and shipping administration accountants made $8,000,000,000 worth of mistakes. The general accounting office had to correct them before the books could be brought into balance. Nineteen major errors were found in the maritime commission books, 29 in the shipping administration's, For example, $2,000,000 advanced to Kaiser's Richmond, Cal, yard was charged to shipways instead of being set up as an account receivable. There were erroneous payments for charter hire of $844,000, There was failure to record ‘more than $350,000,000 due for transportation of lend-lease cargoes. Vessels worth $63,000,000, lost at sea, were still carried as assets. And so on, in too great detail to be given in full here. For failing to put into effect recommendations pf the general accounting office, the maritime commission did recently dismiss its director of finance, R. E. Anderson. But there have been no charges of crookedness.

They Built the Ships VICE ADM. EMORY 8. LAND, chairman of the maritime commission and of the shipping administration throughout the war, has resigned to become head of the Air Transport Assn. Land dominated the commission, and other members were known to complain that they could not learn what the chairman was doing. Whatever his salty shortcomings may have been in this respect or as a bookkeeper, he did get ships built faster than the subs could sink them, which was his iob.

"WORLD AFFAIRS . . . By George Weller

North Korea Living

acres and “temples, cathedrals and religious groups” yielded 3714 acres. No statement is offered as to how many Koreans thus became landless, or who got how much in the redistribution. But tenant farmers were loaned 145826 acres; partially independent farmers got 84,009 acres; former hired hands got 5772 acres and absentee owners—a term unexplained in the Communist press—got 2405 acres. Under the Soviet system in northern Korea, a farmer gets land on loan, but not ownership of it. Title remains in the hands of the Communist-con-trolled People’s committee. The farmer cannot sell the land. The People's committee is thus, in effect, the manager of collective farms, which are individually tilled. The People’s committee also has complete control of irrigation and can determine which farmers shall receive water—invaluable for rice-growing. Since 70 per cent of the Koreans are farmers, it may be presumed that more than one-third of the people of northern Korga directly gained or lost by this forcible collectivization. Farmers are obliged to give threetenths of their crop to the committee. * Kim Il Sung and his Soviet-advised, Communistcontrolled “Interim People’s committee” has also laid down how food must be distributed. ,

Follow Russian Pattern NORTHERN KOREA HAS also taken over the “labor hero” ‘system from the Soviet Union. Labor heroes are persons who “produce at least twice as much as prior to the liberation,” and are also inventors and savers of human life, ; Labor heroes get a citation and medal, free railway and steamer passage for one year, priority in purchasing equipment, extra points for clothing and a cash credit of 1000 yen (about $66 at the American army exchange rate). Crops for sowing are laid down by the farm bureau in the capital of Pyongyang and thereupon assigned in Soviet fashion to six provincial committees, who in turn assign quotas to the People's committee.

Randolph Churchill

Interests in Austria Do Not Clash

Temporarily, of course, by dictates of the victorious powers and by armies of occupation. But it's not intended to keep occupation armies even in Germany indefinitely. Long-term peate of Europe must rest on sounder foundations than that. The only way to discourage a desire for an. anschluss in Austrian hearts and minds is by according Austria more favor-

able treatment than Germany and ensuring that her

citizens can lead self-respecting, prosperous lives. What sign is there of this? Austria is still split into four zones and oceupied by four separate armies. These, particularly the Russian army, she has to feed, supply and house. Her capital is similarly divided up. It's doubtful if many Austrians today look back upon “liberation” by the allies with much more satisfaction than they do to the day when they were “liberated” by Hitler. Of course, the western allies are not blind to these considerations. It's the Russians who are the stumbling block to a sensible solution. The British, French and Americans would” like to leave the Austrians to manage their own affairs, Pending agreement with Russia, they maintain the smallest. armies compatible with security, The Russians, on the other hand, show no desire to leave and have quartered on the Austrians an army many times the size of the other three occupying armies put together,

Russian Policy Involved UNLESS THE RUSSIANS mean to stay in Austria forever, it's hard to see how their present policy accords with their own interests, Their interest is at least as great as that of the western powers to ensure that Germany and Austria

shall remain permanently divided. Yet they seem to

be deliberately pursuing a: policy whose long-range

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