Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 May 1946 — Page 12

RE —_—.

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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Woy

§ WALSH-VINSON ULTIMATUM ENATOR WALSH and Rep. Vinson. made fools of themselves when they ordered Secretary of the Navy Fornot to compromise on the army-navy unification After all, the secretary of the navy is a cabinet officer subject to the President. Since the President has requested Secretary Forrestal and Secretary of War Patter“gon in the public interest to get together on the controversy, ‘ne gentleman is apt to be intimidated by the Walsh-

» Fa

son ultimatum.

+ We can imagine nothing more arbitrary than for ‘chairmen of the senate and house naval affairs committees o set themselves up as dictators of national defense policy. is their right and duty to have opinions, and to express them in the proper way and at the proper time. But certainly they are far off-side when they attempt to usurp the functions of the President commander-in-chief, his “cabinet officers, and the chiefs of staff—not to mention

congress, for which they purport to speak.

» ” ¥ ~ ¥ * PRESIDENT TRUMAN, whose authority and responsibility are greatest in this matter, has not been arbitrary or opinionated. To his credit, he is trying to conciliate "equally sincere factions in order to achieve the spirit as

well as the letter of army-navy unification.

Walsh and Rep. Vinson sincerely wish a stronger American defense organization—as we believe they do—they will

‘cease their stiff-necked obstruction.

The army might speed that process if it would do a better job of explaining to the suspicious that there is no policy to subjugate, much less sink, the navy. On two points, the navy is justly and proudly sensitive—naval |p aviation and the marine corps, both of which contributed so much to our recent military victory. Neither the army nor the President has made it sufficiently clear that, under the proposed streamline plan, the navy would keep carrierborne planes and the marine corps would continue as the |

ace amphibian force.

Unification of all the armed services is essential, both |

for economy and security reasons.

. details of that overall policy are for the military experts to decide—not for the layman, even if he happens to be a

member of congress.

GIFT TO RILEY HOSPITAL

h Mall rates in Indiana, $5 a year; all other states,

0, 8. possessions, Canada and Mexico, 87 cents a

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"| do not agree with a word that you say, but | will defend to the death your right to say it." — Voltaire.

stroying it.

the psychological effect and the power of suggestion might accomplish wonders and speed the wheels of progress along the line of re-

‘A S a part of its continuing memorial to Mrs. Hence Orme, [building the world.

one-time president of the Indiana Congress of Parents and Teachers, the organization has announced it will give a

Let's get away from fear peychology and keep" a little faith in the humanity of man in spite of

‘bi-plane fluoroscope to the James Whitcomb Riley Hospital |what the world has been through.

for Children. ;

yn AMERICAN MARRIAGES

This fluoroscope, said to be the only one of its kind |IN GERMANY ALRIGHT” in the Midwest, outside Chicago, will give the hospital {Br Pri Ceell D. Relford, Germany

additional facilities for removing foreign bodies in the

respiratory organs.

The parent-teachers group is adding to the already excellent equipment of the hospital, an institution of which

On the question of intermarriage with the Germans by our occupation troops I would like to say this much. We of the United States look upon all topies of such nature only as to its effect upon our lives

Indianapolis is duly proud. This type of “memorial” is 80 [and the present generation. Since much more useful than plaques and tablets which merely [the beginning of time man has

perpetuate a name, because it will help save lives.

- NO DEAL .

always based his actions on the future, Of course it's difficult to imagine anyone being in favor of marrying rman girls, but I believe I can

J EADERS of two railroad unions say that they granted Sa say it would be the the five-day strike truce only because President Tru- [greatest step toward rebuilding

man promised them a wage increase larger than his own

fact-finding board had recommended.

Asked whether such a promise had been made, Mr. Truman said he never heard of it. We are glad.

Germany into a democracy. The influence of the individual families which would become relatives of Americans would have more effect on the German people than all other methods combined, with the

The President should never be party to a deal like. exception of destroying the entire that. Whether to gain a truce or to avoid a strike, it would |race. You say, due to the war-

destroy the best strike-preventing law this country has

time ° conditions and Nazi bred people our boys would get a “raw

ever had, the railway labor act. It would be appeasement | deal,” or “the wool pulled over their —government surrender to a threat—and the consequence [eyes” by ambitious frauleins. I give

would be endless future trouble.

» # » » . » : HERE are precedents for presidential interference with © negotiations under this law, but they are bad precedents. |undoubtedly it would have hapThe railway labor act was sponsored by the unions. was passed by congress in 1926, It does not forbid strikes. |from heaven.”

the doughboy more credit than that, for isn't America the land of intelligent and educated people? As to the ones who did get taken in

It pened in the states.

Our girls are not all “pennies In closing I would

But it provides methods—mediation, voluntary arbirtration, |!ike to add, there are some good

girls in Germany and these would

fact-finding by presidentially-appointed boards—which for {contribute immensely to the already many years prevented major railroad strikes or even serious (fine blood of the American race.

danger of them. Settlements under this law did not always

America, let's shed our selfish ego and look ahead to a world which

please either side, but reasonable justice was done and the {God Almighty can look upon with

public was protected. Until 1941.

+ Just before Pearl Harbor, certain railway unions prepared to strike against the recommendations of a finding board. President Roosevelt bought them off by asking the board to try again, and the unions were given practically all they had demanded. Bad precedent No. 1. Government by man supersedes government by law. In 1943, certain other unions were willing to accept wage increases recommended by a fact-finding-board. Then as now inflation was a grave danger, and Economic Stabilizer Vinson objected that the raises were too large. Mr. Roosevelt named another board, which proposed smaller

increases, and the unions prepared to strike.

~ velt then intervened as a self-appointed arbitrator and gave the unions more than his first board had found proper.

Bad precedent No. 2.

‘The railway labor act can survive the damage done by ~ those two blows, and regain its usefulness, if Mr. Truman stands firmly for it now. In negotiations during the truce, the Unions have every right to try for greater concessions from the railway managements, but not with the aid of

White House pressure.

~ For if Mr. Truman made a deal to give two unions than his fact-finding board found them entitled to, iway unions thereafter would be on notice that strike would get them more than they could get by g the law. And if, following Senator Pepper's Truman bought off John L. Lewis by forcing pperators to give him whatever his price for peace ll other labor leaders would insist on being bought

o the

ht oy ® “wr : much to the American people to escape e. Bub it Is not worth inviting labor y direard collective bargaining,

pride for his wonderful creation. P. 8. I have no intention of marrying a German girl. This is

fact- | just an honest opinion.

‘Let's View Atomic Energy as

Force for Peace Instead of War"

By Miss Clara Rice, 531 K. of P. Bldg. Let's all form a new union to think and talk of atomic energy only n connection with harnessing it to improve the world instead of de-

Blectricity also kills but we do not think and talk of it continually . as a destructive force but appreciate it as lighting our homes and runBut the technical ning our radios, stoves, refrigerators, sweepers, irons, etc. If we would place the idea of atomic energy as a destructive force in the hands of those selected for that purpose and concentrate on it as a constructive force and think about what it could do to help all people,

“HERE'S HOW TAXICAB FARES ARE CALCULATED” By A Cabbie, Indianapolis. Here is a cabbie’s viewpoint on gripes that have been arriving in the past about cabbies clipping their passengers. If a cabbie picks up three passengers at a given place and the first passenger goes to 22d and Meridian and the meter reads 85c this passenger should pay what the meter reads and the next passenger goes to 40th and Boulevard place, and the meter reads $1.03 or $1.11 he should pay what the meter reads, and the last passenger goes to 52d and College and the meter reads $1.35 he should pay what the meter reads, for after all if all three passengers had taken a separate cab they would have each paid what the meter read from the given place to their destination.

But on the other hand, the meter would never read 80c or $1.00 for the flag throw ‘on the meter is 25¢ to start and after that the meter will throw a dime for each fifth of a mile. But if the cabbie would ask the passengers to split the fare the first split would be between all three passengers which would amount to 28%c {if the meter read 85¢, and then he would rethrow his meter back and start over from that point and take the next two passengers to the second point and the meter read 75¢ the split would be between two passengers which would amount to 37%c apiece, then the cabbie would rethrow his meter and start all over. By the time the last passenger got to his destination the meter would read 55¢ which he would have to pay. The first nassenger would be saving 56¢, the second 38c, and the third 1l4c.

But, after all, from where they.

started to the first destination, all three passengers rode the same distance, and from my viewpoint they don't save enough to do as much griping as they have been doing in the past.

'If you're. really so in love with me; | hi think youd at least

Side Glances—By Galbraith

lose your appet

“RENTERS HAVE NO RIGHT TO COMPLAIN OVER EVICTION” By T. W., Indianapolis, This is in answer to East Side Renter. When you are evicted you are not asked to give up “your” home. As long as you choose to rent and accumulate a drawer full of rent receipts over a period of years, the house you live in is not “yours.” If you would rather blow your money in for shows, fine

clothes, etc. than to sacrifice and own a home of your own, then don’t gripe when you are asked to move. When you buy furniture and pay for it, it belongs to you, doesn’t it? Well, it's the same principle with property. During the war we saved and sacrificed to buy a home of our own. We bought a house not long ago and are now patiently waiting for our tenants to get out. Since this same tenant never had enough ambition or desire to save and get a home of his own, would it be right for my. family now to live in cramped living quarters and let our tenants enjoy wHat we bought and paid for? This may be election year, as you say, but there isn't a senator or congressman in the United States that would pass a law to prevent a person from asking for something that is rightfully his. Why didn't you buy a home of your own years ago? . » » “18-YEAR-OLDS GETTING DIRTY DRAFT DEAL NOW”

By Mrs. Carl Christian, Columbus. The 45-day extension of the draft was a pretty dirty trick to play on our 18-year-olds who are now on duty in Germany. They were drafted out of high school. Are these 18-year-olds any better than our boys that are over there now that were drafted at 18. I think congress played a pretty dirty trick on the boys that are over there now. I have a son over there who is just 18 and in a recent letter from him he tells me that they don’t have enough men. He said they sleep three hours and then go back on guard duty. He said they are sending old men home that have enough points. That puts double duty on these boys that are there. My son is the only 18-year-old boy in his outfit. - The other men are old army men. I ask you mothers, are these boys who reached their 18th birthdays better than our 18-year-old boys who were drafted at 18? Write your congressmen and tell them what you think. It might do some good—but I wonder if it will. . » » “PUNISHING A CHILD IS BEST WAY OF TEACHING” By Hiram Lackey, Columbus. “Teach a child obedience and you can teach him anything else,” promises Benjamin Franklin, the wisest of Americans. His warning echoes the inexhaustible wisdom of Holy Writ. When higher ways fall, why should a loving parent ruin a child by sparing the rod? Are not respect and intelligent fear constructive things? Is not punishment the hub of the universe's plan | for teaching—until we rise to they reward or “love of the beauty of goodness” level? Honesty and humility may demand our admission that in our examples and use of child training instruments, we have failed. The child is worth such modesty and common sense. Crowded housing being the curse it is, it is imperative for all who love a child to welcome truth, co-operate fully, rise above petty things and save the

Tchild. .

DAILY THOUGHT

And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? would God that all the Lord's people were prophets, and that the Lord would put his spirit upon them!—

1 Numbers 11:29.

ENVY. feeds on the living. It

at a % oe

WORLD AFFAIRS . A : By Sexson E. Humvee:

~ Communist-Socialist Italian Bloc?

_ ROME, May 22~In thie June 2 election, the Italian voter is faced with more parties than there were candidates for sheriff in the recent Marion

‘county primary. A

A total of 56 parties-have entered slates of candidates, Twénty-seven of these parties appear on the ballot here at Rome, a Only four parties have entered candidates in all the constituencies and it is expected that these four parties will elect nearly all of the 573 deputies to be chosen. At least 15 or 20 parties will win seats in the Constitutional Assembly which is being elected.

Only Four Strong Parties

FOUR MAJOR PARTIES are the Communists, the Socialists, the Christian Democrats and the National Democratic Union. ’ In the first months of allied occupation of Italy, it ‘appeared that the Communists were the strongest

Sexson E. Humphreys is telegraph editor of = The Times, on leave during the period of his military service. He now is serving with the Allied Control Commission in Italy, where he recently received the Bronze Star medal.

party in the nation. They were clearly the best organized party, and their leader Palmiro Togliatti showed himself to be an exceedingly able statesman. Recently the Communists have lost ground. Russian support of Jugoslavia’s claim to Trieste has been the party’s biggest handicap, and has driven many voters away from it. Failure of the Communists in French, Greek, Belgian and Hungarian elections has also weakened the party in Italy. The Socialist party stands in a very advantageous position in Italy, because it is at once Marxist and non-Communist. Yet it has’ been unable to decide definitely whether it should be pro-Communist or anti-Communist. At present there is a working agreement with the Communists, although many party

members believe that the Socialists are weakened by

the alliance. Pietro Nenni, the secretary-general of:

the Socialist party and Italy's vice premier, is leader of the faction which favors this working agreement. His faction won a narrow- victory at the recent periy

. convention in Florence, but the conventicn decided

to enter the June elections with a separate list of candidates from that presented by the Communists. The Christian Democratic party is a political expression of the social! and political program of the Roman, Catholic church. Although the party officials are all laymen, some parish priests campaign actively in favor of the party. Recent enactment of woman's suffrage is expected to be of very great benefit to the Christian Democratic party. The party’s middle-of-the road program’ ig based on democracy and the papal encyclicals regarding social questions. Alcide de Gasperi, now premier of Italy, is head of the party. :

cently by a temporary alliance of Italy’s two chief conservative parties, after they had separately failed to win ‘much support in the March and April local

“elections, The coalition is headed by Benedetto Croce,

the noted philosopher, and three former Italian prime ministers—Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, Francesco Nitti and Ivanoe Bonomi. This party seeks a liberal parliamentary regime.

Vote Also on Monarchy

MOST INTERESTING SPECULATION is comparative strength of Communists anc Socialists. Voting is on the proportional representation system, assuring each party a number of deputies in the constitutional assembly. If” Communists and Socialists together win a majority, they are expected to form a joint front. ’ At the same time the voter indicates party preference, he will mark a second ballot showing whether he desires monarchy or republic. Abdication of King Emmanuel was intended to strengthem chances of the monarchy in the election.

IN WASHINGTON . .. By Thomes L. Stokes Agitation Causes Hasty Legislation

WASHINGTON, May 22—When congress gets riled up, as it has again over John L. Lewis, it often exhibits a tendency to over-shoot the mark and pass legislation which is regretted. That happened ‘during the war, when congress hastily slapped together what was known as the Connally-Smith “anti-strike” bill. It is generally conceded now that the act encouraged rather than discouraged strikes.

Lewis Started Current Controversy

JOHN L. LEWIS WAS the inciting factor there, as he is now. But legislating against one man or one union often creates injustices for other workers and upsets constructive programs adopted jointly by management and labor. A case in point is the current proposal of Senator Byrd (D. Va). It is designed ¢o prevent union control of the proposed health and welfare fund which Mr. Lewis has asked the coal operators to set up by contributing an amount equal to 7 per cent of the industry’s total payroll. Senator Byrd's bill would provide for industry control of this fund, with minority union representation on an administrative board. While this measure was provoked by the Lewis proposal for complete union control of the fund, the Virginia senator argues that if this were adopted it would start a widespread demand by all unions to set up such funds.

The truth, as Mr. Byrd now finds, is that what

Lewis asks already is operative in a number of union’

contracts, with variations in different trades. These plans, furthermore, were established through regular collective bargaining and are accepted as a part of ordinary relationships between company and workers. In some cases the union controls the fund, as Mr. Lewis asks. In others there is joint control. If the Byrd bill were enacted, it would be necessary to revise some of those well-established health-welfare plans. The Byrd bill provides that the party which makes the larger contribution shall have major control. Social welfare programs as well as various wage incentive plans in effect, are in keeping with the best traditions of progress within industry and unions, some established by one or the other, some through co-operative effort.

Collective Bargaining Is Method

EXISTING EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTION plans usually are on a 2 or 3 per cent basis. Lewis is asking 7, which admitedly is high, and which undoubtedly he never expected to get. ’ Cristicism of Mr. Lewis is based on his obdurate stand and his self-exploiting tactics which tied up a whole industry and slowed down production and threw workers out of jobs in other industries and his refusal to bargain collectively on a reasonable basis. Collective bargaining is the method by which it is to be attained, as the others were attained.

REFLECTIONS . . . By Robert C. Ruark | us Propaganda Films Are Strong Tool

NEW YORK, May 22.—A new technique in propaganda has come out of the war—the stylized animated cartoon to punch across a point of view. As a vehicle for mind-molding or instruction, the products of a firm called United Productions of America are as powerful as I have yet seen. U. P. A, during the war, made training films for army, navy and the office of war information, with side jobs for~U. A. W.-C. I. O. With the war over, the men who prepared the films are seeking to adapt the idea to ‘peace time problems, and to get outside the 16 millimeter field by arranging for general release in regular theaters.

Eye State Department Propaganda

THEIR FILMS DIFFER from the accepted idea of animated cartoon technique in that there is no attempt to imitate photography. The cartoon characters are as crude in some instances as a child's drawing, but flexibility of the medium provides a sharp and painless argument in’ favor of whatever subject is attacked. I saw five short-fllms—“Flat-Hatting” and “Fuel,” instructional jobs for the navy; “Brotherhood of Man” and “Hellbent for Election” for U. A. W.-C. I. O. and “Fear,” for OWL All were deftly done and powerful argufiers. “FlatHatting” was a stinging indictment and explanation of dangerous showoff flying. “Brotherhood of Man” answered in a few short minutes most of the questions on which race prejudice is based, but was colorful enough to entertain a youngster. “Hellbent for Election,” while it was rankest political propaganda in favor of the fourth term, was so forceful that an ardent Republican would have left the theater feeling like a heel. Having seen the effectiveness of their technique during war, U. P. A's guilding lights, Steven Bosusto,

Zach Schwartz and Dave Hilberman, are ready to tackle post-war subjects. They are negotiating, momentarily, with the state department's new information and propaganda department, for a series of films to express the American point of view to audiences abroad. : ’ They have just gotten the film rights to “One World or None,” the Federation of American Scientists’ book which is generally regarded as the bible on atomic energy, and intend to break it down to the ordinary man’s level. They want to loose their skill on the problems of housing, international relations community planning, and the like. This thing of reducing a problem to its lowest denominator by this treatment is a two-edged knife. It is so potent a propaganda weapon that fascism, Handled lightly, could be made as attractive as democracy, or burglary as commendable as filial piety. By this method the state department could sell almost any viewpoint abroad in a sugary pill. Its potentialities are so great that rigid conscience ought to determine what commissions the company accepts for exploitation. It's not a thing to be handled lightly or abused. =

Could Be Abused

IT TOOK THE WAR to really impress America with the powerful thought-molding might of the moving pictures. Army, navy, treasury and OWI, once the realization hit, made great use of both the cartoon and the documentary. . With our state department admittedly in the propaganda business, in a nation and world full of unground axes, motion pictures as expressions of social or political viewpoints are something to watch carefully. They're a strong and flexible tool . . . a tool which Hitler was was one of the first to recognize as invaluable in building a nations of Nazis.

TODAY IN EUROPE... By Randolph Churchill Paris Deadlock Centers on Trieste

PARIS, May 22.—Chief cause of failure of the recent four-power Paris conference to agree on the draft of peace treaties was that Russia did not desire an agreement unless reached exclusively on her terms. Since neither Byrnes, Bidault nor Bevin was ready to be partners to another Munich failure, it was inevitable. But since four foreign ministers are to meet next month, it may be useful to examine the main stumbling blocks which Russia interposed to achieve the current stalemate. First, there was the future of the Balkans. This proved much less difficult than at previous “conferences. The future of the. Balkans is now ancient history. The Russians have achieved a unilateral settlement which no one any longer thinks it worthwhile seriously to question.

Russia vs. Rest of Big Four

FUTURE OF GERMANY the Russians do not want to discuss until November. This also is a matter which will settle itself, whatever: decisions may or may not be reached. Eastern Germany already is virtually annexed by the Russians. It only remains for the French, British and Americans to decide among themselves what policy they wish to pursue in western and southwestern Germany. ’ Another ostensible stumbling block was disposition of Tripolitania. Molotov eventually withdrew Russian claim to this territory, confirming what had long been suspected—that it was purely a bargaining point. It says much for both the realism and idealism of Byrnes and Bévin that they refused to regard withdrawal of this illegitimate claim as a concession and also refused to pay any price in. other peoples’ lives and ‘erritories in return...

Molotov refused to discuss the future of Austria. .

So this cannot y be considered as a fatal stumbling allied agreement. (Of all the I ERI Lah ol |

topics discussed, one on which the deadlock was most complete was Trieste. There was little fundamental difference between solutions proposed by French, British and American commissions who visited the Proviic: of Venezia Giulia, of which Trieste is capital. Both Bevin'and Byrnes indicated they were prepared to accept the demarcation line drawn by the French experts. It was Molotov’s insistence that Trieste, as well as its hinterland should be ceded to Yugoslavia which caused the breakdown on this topic. There is no douby that Trieste represents in miniature the fundamental cause of the disagreement between Russia and the western powers. ‘Trieste has become the test case in the division of Europe between Russia and her formes friends. Far more than Trieste is involved in this dispute. All Europe will note who wins this tug of war and will adjust policies in accordance with whe is victor. If the western powers were to abandom Trieste to Tito, it would be particularly damaging to their prestige and security, for they are in possession of Trieste and Russia is not.

Internationalize Trieste

WHAT IS SURPRISING, however, is that none of the ministers proposed the one solution which would not only be most useful to the populations interested, but would ‘also involve the least loss of face for anyone. That solution is to internationalize the zone occupied by the British and American forces and to have it administered by United Nations. If this area were placed under jurisdiction of the United Nations, it would afford the best guarantee for security -and prosperity to its inhabitants. It ‘would also place a useful and effective bartier between Ttdlians and Yugoslavs, ff » Neithes country would dare .challenge such 8 decision, der it would mean challenging 51 United

The National Democratic Union was formed re-

PRESS LIBRA

Gomprehent Be Ready

By ROI When school teresting to y« atom age com the state libra tee should be Usually it t: * lature hours debate to “or or commission, makers will he when its pror form next Jan Brainchild o public instruct ‘committeé was to, resurrect In program—one casualties of w 11 Me!

Eleven mem by State | “®lement T. M: serves without by a departh Esther V. ‘Bu as school libra Currently fi marginal fund the state libra - parments, the toward a regic by college or tension = exper well-rounded youngsters of “It has be Malan said, library system points in our 1937 the state ‘gave impetus with a ruling school libraria was delayed al of the war, —Study To assure b ent setup with lative appointr mittee, Dr. Me committee in program. Th four objective: be put into other, portions legislative act Here are tl lined by Dr. 1 ONE: Plan

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