Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 April 1946 — Page 14

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| WARNINGS FROM GERMANY MASS arrest of several hundred members-of a Nazi underground movement in the American occupation zone

minimum of violence. This speaks well for our army intelligence service. Officials believe this particular underground organization has now been broken. It would be a mistake, however, to assume that our troubles with a reviving Nazism are over. They have just begun. There has not been, and is not now, any danger-of a major Nazi uprising this year. Those arrested over the week-end were not so stupid. They were making longterm plans, based on commercial firm which would spread the secret organization nationally and internationally in preparation for the future, Conditions inside Germany today, and in the world, encourage such movements. We may be sure there will be more of them. For the German people, according to virtually all official and unofficial investigations, feel little or no war guilt. Neither defeat nor the Nuernberg trial has converted Germany to democratic ideals. The democratic minority lacks the training and experience in selfgovernment and the capacity of leadership to offset’ the Hitler heritage and the pre-Nazi Prussianism. Thus the genuine democratization of Germany is a distant goal at best. Meanwhile, several factors retard even that slow change for the better. One is the split among the allies. Allied failure-to establish centralized control of Germany and to agree on peace terms stimulates hopes of Nazis and militarists. Russian defiance of treaties and of the United Nations charter invites Nazi dreams of an eventual war between Russia and the western allies from which a revived Germany would profit. Another destructive factor ‘is hunger. If there is widespread starvation in Germany resulting chaos will help the Fascists and Reds. The German situation is not hopeless, but it will be unless the allies unite in carrying out their occupation responsibilities.

DON'T CUSS JOHN L. : SOME of the country’s best guessers are guessing that the coal strike will only last-two weeks or so.

has been’ carried out with a maximum of success and a|

inapolis 1mm mon, Joe, Let It Cool 4 Tuesday, April 2,106 =. ir HOWARD WALTER LEGKRONE NERY W. MANS |

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"Il do not

Hoosier Forum

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agree with a word that you

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"Grant Army, Navy: Commissions And Promotions on Merit Bases"

" By Henry W. Reger, Indianapolis Since Pear! Harbor there have been numerous attacks against the efficiency of our army and navy. Some of the charges are founded .on facts to substantiate the charges. “In addition there is bitter resentment of many returning G. 1.’s against the caste system now invoked in our armed forces. That feeling is so bitter with some G. I1.'s that they openly declare that they’ll take jail in preference to recall in event of another war. Others, if recalled, would mutiny rather than be subjected to the caste system. They feel the caste system now in practice in the army and the

“ADVICE FROM A FORMER BOBBY-SOXER ON CONDUCT” By W.M.R., Indianapolis rz To the boby-soxer: I have just passed the bobby-sox stage and read with interest your article in the Forum. As far as adults giving you no God, this fault is in your home as most adults do believe there is a God in spite of the way some of them choose to live. However, I do admit there are two major things you mention which merit the attention of all parents and teachers

navy is unfair to undemocratic. This feeling and the caste system does everything but develop the] 7 most efficient armed force possible. way of life for a national police.” In order to eliminate the fore-|There is no finer example of the going and to make the best army national police (gestapo) system and navy possible, I suggest that than federal registration of all repwe institute the merit system utable gun owners. throughout the army and navy.| I suggest that Sgt. Baker and all That is all ratings and commissions other men interested in the proper and promotions to be made by the {use of firearms subscribe to the merit system through competitive American Rifleman magazine which examinations. [is staffed by Americans who know

Another big strike of any duration is no cause for joy. But a fairly brief stoppage of coal mining, at this time of year, probably wouldn't cause severe suffering or affect many other industries seriously. However, most of the short-strike guesses are based on the theory that John L. Lewis has the coal operators “and ‘the government over a barrel, and will get what he wants in a hurry.c If he gets all he is suspected of wanting, look out for more wage-price trouble and perhaps the most dangerous inflationary bulge so far. His wants aren’t entirely clear. He hasn't talked wagés yet, but has been emphasizing demands for unionization of mine foremen and payment of coal tonnage royalties to a union health-and-welfare fund. The guessers predict that, when all his demands are known, they will add up to more in wages and other benefits than C. I. O. unions have gained in steel, auto and other industries. And that granting them would require a coal-price increase of more than 50 cents | a ton. The government certainly doesn't want to okay al greater victory for Mr. Lewis than-his-€C.-I. O. rivals have | won. That would invite C. I. O. unions to go after more. | Nor does it want to let the price of coal go up half a dollar | or more. That would lead to more price increases in steel | and many other products. |

But the government most emphatically doesn’t want a | long coal strike. That would close a lot of industries only now just recovering from the other strikes. It would give | reconversion a terrific setback. So the guessers guess that Stabilization Director | Bowles will swallow hard and find some way tos approve a good portion of the wage and other gains Mr. Lewis de- | mands for his union and the coal-price boost they would require. For Mr. Lewis unquestionably has the power to keep the miners out for months if that suits his purposes. Of course no man should have such power to control output of an essential commodity and make the government alter its policies to fit his demands. But it does no good | to cuss John L. Lewis for that. Talk to congress, which | has passed many laws to build up the power of labor leaders | and almost no laws to prevent its abuse,

|

HIDDEN NAZI ASSETS JL VERYONE agrees Germany must be demilitarized. But! that is not easy. As we discovered too late last time, the basis of her military strength. is industrial. So this | time the allies are trying to eliminate her war industrial | potential without destroying her necessary peacetime light industry, ’ But Germany's industrial . war potential . involves others. Her system was most pernicious in neutral countries, where she operated through various cloaking devices which disguised her ownership and control of nominally ¢ non-German industries. This was not only a potent weapon ~ Of economic warfare, Tt also provides diplomatic influence | ~and aided- espionage. : : If she now retains in other countries the

of future aggression, demilitarizati f G . will be inadequate. Ar | land and Sweden,

| |

| se nesleggs | |

This is particularly true i Switzer-

The fact that the majority of Swiss and Swedes were

the situation, and will not ! y prevent the rise of another German menace unless all hidden Ger-

man assets in those countries can be uncovered and

of which gives great importance to the allied-

8 negotiations on this reparations problem now bei vat A. ow bein Washin gt on, - - fae £g

many proper |

en, whose economies supplemented the Ger- |

This would be fair, democratic|firearms and abide by its teachings. and be a means of obtaining the 4. best man for the job, and every Dy WINGERS TSAI" man in the service could feel that he had an opportunity of reaching|By An Independent Veter, Indianapolis the top if he put forth the effort Saterving to he oes fides and possessed the ability; and all|T es ar e “ officers could . feel bu go ou ‘of ten ‘million voters by James their position on sheer ability and | Roosevelt and Harold Ickes, I have not due to the fact that their father | this to say: jor friend had a pull with a con-| They say it is not to be a third {gressman. {party, but they hope to guide the . independent voters, thus throwing

: .$ uw : : = the votes to the candidate in their FIREARMS REGISTRATION |tavor, or holding a club over the

IS A MENACE TO FREEDOM" {head of a candidate whose ideals

By James D. Smith, Member, Nationalimay not be the same, but who Aig Aun. fie . 0 02 ‘|needs those ten million votes to’ I would like to answer 1st Sgt.| win. Supposedly nonpartisan, Mr. Melvin L. Baker's question as to Wilson says it has left-wing tenwhy sportsmen, or any other free|dencies, but is not a Communist thinking Americans, would object | outfit, although there are some to registering their firearms. Communist sympathizers in it, Just This system was first used b | what is the meaning of “left-wing feudal lords. to hold their Io lengencies? The very best ‘that

: an be said is that they are just in serfdom which they did for hun- ; dreds of years. ta little short of Communism. Read-

The same system| : i the li p - was revived by Hitler and Musso- ne Ese 3 he 28meS 0 ' hg

lini and it enabled them to control i Communist roster. the people against their will. These Question: Where did these arsame supermen would not have iiss attain their fame and fortune? overrun Europe so easily had they| Answer: In the good old U. S. not been able to seize firearm reg- | A—many races and religions are istration records and call in alll They started from

t will represented. arms at will. The same thing could | geratch and became persons of note

have happened to our country (and fortune) because in this coununder the registration system! Firearm 12gistration would not complished. solve our crime problem in any way Question: Under what conditions because the person who intended to!was this possible? misuse his firearms would simply | neglect to register them. J. Edgar Hoover, speaking before the International Association of Chiefs of Police on Dec. 10, 1945, said: “I have said before, and I say again, that there is no place in our American

in this country under our constitu(tion~not to the right, positively not to the left—but in the center. Ten million votes—Pooh! They mean 9,999 .9999—for here one vote they will never get.

is

By Dick Turner

Carnival —

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Dw) . i %a 7 & La. . / COMR. 1946 BY NEA SERVICE INC T. M. REG. U. 8. PAT. OFF,

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"I told you we shouldn't have put it up until.we were ready to sleep —somebody's moved inl

*

|try, as in no other, can this be ac- |

was wise —~Homer,

alike, namely greed, prejudice, all of which are fed to the child at a very early age, and I do not feel that you are justified in condemning all adults for what a few do to their children. Don’t you think that there are more good children than criminals? I do. As far as seeing these “contaminated” movies, you are old enough to know what they will do to your mind, so just avoid seeing them. As a bobby-soxer, you are violating the {law by entering the tavern to ask for a d.ink, not only could youj cause the owner much trouble, but yourself as well, Furthermore ‘it ‘is not fair to your health to drink at {80 young an age, Speaking of books ‘and magazines, it is not compulsory to buy them or read them if you think within yourself that they will {do harm to your mental develop- | ment since you do know right from | wrong and what you should or {should not read. Don't blame the authors for writing this book or that vulgar magazine, as I dare say it | was intended for the adults and not | bobby-soxers. {> I have seen all of these things, {but it did not break my faith in | what I was taught as a child as to | what was right and what was not. Pox you feel that you are hearing (Something immoral over the radio, | stage or screen, the only right thing to do is. to leave that place. | Don't be like sheep and do as the crowd does, as they are often wrong, but let your conscience be your guide and stay clear of all things that, to your mind, are not what a | bobby-soxer should hear or read. | » = » ? | “MODERN FAMILY LIFE { REFLECTED IN PROBLEMS” | BY E. Erlyvine, Shelbyville I am a true born American. To ime, there will never be another | country like it. My great grand- | parents were among the first set-

Answer: The privilege of living |tlers of this state. They spent their |

REFLECTIONS . . . By Peter Edson Sharing the World's Oil Resources

lives trying to build up and make this a good place to live in, doing {all kinds of good honest hard work |to support their families- and up- | hold the laws and religion. | could now see and know the condi|tion the country is in they would [surely turn over in their graves, | The conduct of our family life fand the way we bring up our children have a great influence on our nation as a whole. By allowing our children to do as they wish without | correction leads to destruction of property, disrespect to religion, destruction of every kind. This comes { from the practice of allowing them to destroy their toys while small, [write on buildings, wallpaper, break windows, take off boards from old, deserted houses—with the excuse, well, it's no good anyway—allowing children #0 listen to conversations of other people too much, talking of too personal affairs before them. There is no law or purpose in getting people to church unless they want to go. They grow up having no respect for religion. Then

“(the public as a whole wonders why

homeowners do not want to rent to families with children. Why they will not rent rooms . to the returning jers > families or—to wives of m |&till in service. | Why don’t more people logn their [homes to these people? Well here is one reason. Unruly children never | were taught rightful use of other's | property. Same goes for the grownups—perhaps a holdover from their

childhood. ——————————————————

DAILY THOUGHT

The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple.—Psalms 19:7.

FOR never, never, wicked man

»

If they!

overseas and to others

IT'S OUR BUSINESS, because American victory over Japan has shorn her emperor of his power, to examine the effect of the occupation on the April 10 election to be held there a week from today , ,. “today” is “tomorrow” in Tokyp. ;

determined or announced, many Japanese with liberal tendencies are afraid to come out in the open in

support of Gen. MacArthur's democratization program + . . they fear the Americans will leave and they will be at the mercy of the militarists and reactionaries. Estimates of the occupation vary from three years to 25, the latter coming from members of Gen. MacArthur's staff who are responsible for reshaping the thinking of the nation, : y THose opposing a long occupation assert that the Japs are more likely to become completely dependent. on the Americans , . . and that tendency was evident

professors and others whose position was “What does the United States wish us to do?”

Japs Don't Understand Democracy AS GEN, MacARTHUR has pointed out, it would be unrealistic to expect any spontaneous and widespread participation of the people in politics until the problems of food, clothing and shelter are solved . . . and that seems to be a solution not to be found in the immediate future, The Japanese, he says, have no experience with democracy in any way; the millions of peasants and ‘the women in general , . , who can go to the polls for the first time next week . ., are politically ignorant Dignity of the individual in Japan, according to the

home still comes in conflict, every so often, with the ideals of democracy that we are putting into effect in other parts of the world. There is, for example, our policy of breaking up large landholdings in both Germany and Japan and opening this land to small farmers and extenants to establish farms of their own. : Previously it has been pointed out here how big special interests in the south have tried to block the farm security administration's program of sétting up farm tenants on their own land. Now specialinterest opposition to another sort of program reveals itself ‘again in another section of the country.

Land for Small Farmers

FOR MANY YEARS there has been embedded in our law, in the reclamation act of 1902, a policy of making lands available in tracts of 160 acres or less to small farmers on reclamation projects sponsored by the government with provision for repayment by those who acquire and farm these lands. Irrigation, flood control and public power development have been linked as the program has been broadened by legislation to provide a sustaining economy.

project in California which was put under the reclamation act in 1936. It is similar to large-scale development in other parts of the country. Now, once again, big landowning and power interests are seeking to hamstring this development. If not checked, it will endanger the development of this big project in an intergranted, unified manner for small farming with proper irrigation and public power facilities. There was inserted in the $383,000,000 civil functions bill of the war department in the senate a seemingly innocuous item of $2,300,000 to begin construction by army engineers of two dams on the

NEW YORK, April 2—Unless the United States and Britain go to the rescue, a. man hailed by both as a great ally and patriot will be shot—if, indeed, he has not been shot already. A few days ago, Marshal Tito, Communist dictator of Yugoslavia, announced the capture of Gen. Draja Mikhailovitch, guerrilla leader and minister of war under King Peter. Previously Tito had mide it plain that once he laid hands on the Chetnik chieftain, the general would be executed as a traitor,

Fought From Forests and Caves IN AMERICA AND BRITAIN the question arises: A traitor to what and to whom? In March, 1941, Italy had been beaten in Greece. To help Mussolini, Hitler needed to send troops across Yugoslavia, Prince Regent Paul turned quisling and consented. But the Belgrade garrison, under the command of the now exiled young Lt. Col. Zivan Knezevich, revolted and went over to the allies.

another army officer took similar action. This’ man was Col. Draja Mikhailovitch, a general staff instructor in the art of guerrilla warfare. Taking to the woods, Tito and his irregulars played havoc with Nazi plans, Hitler's timetable was delayed two

WASHINGTON. April 2.—Florida Senator Claude Pepper's speech on the foreign relations, in which he rounded off on the need of sharing the world's oil with Soviet Russia, has more to it than meets the ear. As a matter of record, development of some of the richest oil fields in the Middle East has been n international operation for the last 2f years. It is shared by two U. 8S. and two British companies with one French oil concern, They operate as the Iraq Petroleum Co., Ltd., and as such control concessions |. which run to beyond the year 2000. | Yor a full understanding of the Pepper proposal, this information must be correlated with recent reworts from London that the British government may consider international control of Iranian oil This, in turn, must he weighed against the U. 8.British petroleum agreement now awaiting ratification by the senate foreign relations committee. I'his agreement is intended to form the basis for an international treaty with any other nations which care to sign it. It would set up an international com“Paission to study and recommend action in. ing, distribution, and supply of oil. It his origin in the Atlantic charter’s provision for equitable access to the world’s raw materials.

Development Nothing New EVEN THIS AGREEMENT is not as revolutionary as it may sound. Actually, Middle Eastern oil has been an internafional development projegt right from the beginning. — The beginning was in 1904, when Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany went to Constantinople to visit the sultan of Turkey. The visit resulted in the acquisition by | the German-owned Turkish railways of a concession

| to cevelop the Mosul oil flelds. The German effort

1

failed, and it was followed by a period in which,

every nation tried to get Turkish oil. ‘ An American, Rear Adm, Colby J. Chester, heard about this oil while on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople. He resigned his commission and for ‘12 | vears tried to get the concession for U. 8. interests. | He was beaten out, in 1912, by a combination half

* | British, one-fourth Gerfhan, and one-fourth Royal &

| Dutch Shell... .

World war I put an end to that. and in 1920 the British, by the San Remo agreement, assigned the

AiR

* Because the length of occupation has not been

in every conversation I had with politicians, editors,

One of the biggest projects is the Central Valley *

" bombing

In the mountains of Dalmatia at this moment,

e shar-,

general “is completely foreign to their background of feudalism and totalitarianism.” : There has been no-underground liberal organizde tion in Japan during the war, as we found when we tried to compile a “white list” of persons who might be helpful to the army. Of course, on the “black list” were the Black Dragon society, the “thought © police” and other terrorist groups . . . but none of which opposed ‘militarism. Ha Those who did voltinteer to help create “democ racy” usually had political ambitions and were willing to. gamble on a long occupation. Dispatches from Tokyo say that about half the 2500 candidates next : Tuesday will represent political groups organized since the war, many of them under that type of self-serving politician. The old-line politicians are backing many * of the conservative candidates, although not openly,

Women Not Competent to Vote : THE FIRST free election is generally regarded, 1 believe, as a gesture toward what the Japs believe the victors want, rather than as an dpportunity to create a new island nation out of the ruins of empire, * Of 39 million voters, nearly 21,000,000 are women ‘who occupy an actual menial position in Japanese life and are utterly unprepared for the ballot. Most other Japanese, too, are unprepared - . . their mental processes still stunned by defeat and by the ° declaration of the emperor “that the idea “the em. ' peror is divine and the Japanese are superior to other races and fated to rule the world” was false. The dive to democracy is coming too fast for the average Jap . .. he has more freedom than he ever knew before and he doesn’t know what to do with it,

Nor will he, until our occupation policy is m definite. . ple de WON

IN WASHINGTON . . . By Thomas L. Stokes Preaching and Practice at Variance

WASHINGTON, April 2—What happens here at Kern and Kings rivers in California.

It was spone sored by Senators Knowlan a. d (R. Cal) and Downey Construction of these dams under war department auspices would be primarily for flood control, The 160-acre limitation to provide for small landowners would not be applicable in such case, nor would irrigation and public power facilities be made avail. able by such dams as provided under the multiple-use dam program of the reclamation act.

Big Interests Oppose Limitation

SMALL FARMERS, agricultural associations, vete erans’ groups, newspapers and others have risen up in protest against war department development and in favor of construction by the reclamation bureau of the dnterior department in the interest of proe tection of small landowners. Construction by army engineers would suit the particular big interests involved here, big landowning companies and the Pacific Gas and Electric Co, because this would enhance the value of huge tracts owned by corporate. interests; would exempt them from repayment requirements of the reclamation act to a large extent, and would hamper public power development, The Kern County Land Co. which is particularly involved, owns some 210,000 acres of land in Kern county, a part of its 354,000-acre total in the stata, Big landowning and power interests failed two years ago to abolish the 160-acre limitation through an amendment to a rivers and harbors bill sponsored by Rep. Elliott (D. Cal.) which was deféated by the senate. Now. they are back at it again. Though this matter is.of immediate interest to California, it is of general public concern, for it suggests a pattern that might be used by similar interests elsewhere to break down reclamation, irrigation and power development programs.

»

WORLD AFFAIRS . . . By William Philip Simms Double-Cross for Yugoslav Patriot |

months, according to his own calculations, and his misfortunes, Nazi staff officers afterwards admitted, dated from that time. The testimony of these outsiders, it is suggesied, should have weight. Also that of hundreds of ajre men forced down in Yugoslavia while returning from expeditions. Mikhailovitch = co-operated wholeheartedly with the American air rescue mission sent in to evacuate these men. The mission was headed by Col. Robert McDowell.

Allies Owe Him Support WASHINGTON AND LONDON owe a lot to Gen, Mikhailovitch, They are partly responsible for his plight. He took up arms for us in our darkest hour, We failed to support him as promised. We owe him at least a fair trial. If he was an axis collaborator as charged, he was certainly the strangest on record. He risked his life and lived in caves in order to serve tge_allled calisq -™ when the outlook for that cause was dark and when, as a quisling, he could have lved«in splendor. Bug when the tide turned, it is contended that he dee serted his own vietorious cause to “collaborate” with the hopelessly defeated enemy where he had every= thing to lose—including honor. 4

«serman interest to the French. U, 8. interests were irozen out, but this aroused such a storm that the - {allowing year Sir John Gadman came to New York to make a deal. Under it, two U. S. companies, Standard of New Jersey and its subsidiary, Socony vacuum, each got an 11.8756 per cent interest. The French kept a 23.75 interest, and the same went 10 each of two British companies, Shell and Angloe (ranian Qil. The remaining 5 per cent was held by C. I. Gulbenkian, ‘an American who negotiated the c¢riginal concession,

Exhibit 'A'—Iraq Petroleum Co. THIS COMBINATION is today known as the Iraq etroleum Co, It' has four principal subsidiaries, operating concessions iri’ Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Hejaz, and the southern Arabian peninsula coast. This is the kina of international oil operation Senator Pepper is talking about—with a vengeance, The only all-American concessions in the Middle East are held by the Bahrein Petroleum Co. and the Arabian-American Petroleum Co. Both: companies are owned half by Standard of California and half by the Texas Co. Their concessions cover the Bahrein islands in the Persian gulf and 281 million acres in eastern and southern Saudi Arabia. Whether or not Senator Pepper would be willing to share these with Soviet Russia, he didn't say. “Recently there have been reports from Moscow that the Soviet government has made overtures to the government of Saudi Arabia for oil concessions. only unleased territory is western Saudi Arabia, with some frontage on the Red Sea—along Britain's life line to the East. ; How willing the British would be to have Soviet Russia gain this concession is open to some question, I'he establishment of international control, as in a joint operating company like Iraq Petroleum, might pe one way to compromise the question, But if Soviet Russia should be granted oil concessions outside her own borders, how willing would she be to grant, in return, oil development concessions within the boundaries of the U. 8, 8. R.? Or in couns tries bordering the U. 8. 8. R.?. i If the answer is “rtot at all” the dea. i~ apt to fall through. way business.

The

International co-operation has to be a woe . -

f

i

T|IT'S OUR BUSINESS . .. By BoraldD. Hoover ~~ di, Jap Election Finds People Unready § ...

are only .11 deleg moon edge of th security council's sit there a few trying to elimins war. But behind than a thousand without whom t not function—an figure may be n

The payroll of al Trygve Lies New York alone counting 56 expe! who are on loan f ber government from about a hun itors, chauffeurs economists, stat ment heads. Along the way stenographers an personnel allocat radio, to still [ newsreels; there men and women ability to recor put error, anyth A —— emi

“EXCL