Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 March 1946 — Page 2

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* Stockholm’s jam-packed hotels, res-

all the belligerents, Sweden was the desirable place: from” which to spy

Spies’ Paradise * of course, Berne, Madrid, Lisbon, + Dublin and Ankara also were thick with intelligence agents. But Stock~ holm was the real spies’ paradise, the great black market for infor- _ mation, where success meant a for- , fune and failure exposed one to “little more than nominal punishment, All the major powers, and a good many lesser ones as well, maintained well-staffed and Ppen-hanced "espionage outfits in Sweden 0~ “ward the end jof the war, German “and allied agents were literally on each other's toes in

_taurants and bars, By and large, this secret war did not directly affect Sweden. Of “pourse, no foreign agent worth his salt would disdain a juicy piece of local information, which could be picked up en passant, The Germans were always keen on Swedish shipping and aviation news. The allies preferred theirs about iron ore, ballbearings, and Bofors guns. Very Few Concerned Yet very few spies wére concerned primarily with such matters. For the vast majority of them Sweden was just a convenient mart where to get information about the enemy, or 8 communications switchboard for news not directly transmissable from the country of origin

Accordingly, the Swedish authorities made a sharp distinction between acts of espionage directed against Sweden and those aimed at & foreign country. The former were sternly repressed by an alert police, operating hand in hand with a subtle, efficient, but altogether unofficial, censorship bureau. The latter were tolerated—within certain limits, When, for example, the activities of a certain agent became a public scandal, or when the envoy of a major power pointedly brought the doings of the other side to the foreign ministry's attention, the government cracked down to protect Sweden's claim to neutrality.

‘tion, Dr. Johannes Metzger, and

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: he was expelled in January 1945.

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Guenther, was arrested for espionage. A few. moiiths later, in November, several high Nazi officials, including an attache. of the lega-

the chief of the German tourist bureau, Baron Bernt Von Goessler, were expelled from the country on suspicion of being gestapo operatives. Still another Nazi diplomat, whose revealed, was caught red-handed in the act of photographing secret gun drawings;

This brings us up to the fascinating three months period of German espionage described and illustrated in such profuse detail by the provident Herr X of the code and teleprinter room, The gestapo, or rather its foreign intelligence branch 8. D. (Sicherheits Dienst or Security Service) had its headquarters in a drab, three-storied office building at Nybrogatan 27, Stockholm. To the Germans, the place was known as “Bureau Wagner,” so called after Col, Fritz Wagner

Neither of these two men, ows ever, put in more. than an occaSona) appearance at Karlavaegen ‘They spent most of their time » Saltsjoebaden, a pleasant sea~ side resort not far from Stockholm, where they made out instructions and paid off the local agents. Spies Identified” Special couriers continually scurried back and forth between the “Radio Bureau” and the seemingly] idle pleasure-seekers ‘“Pandur” and “Hasso” at Saltsjoebaden, Who were these two _ mysterious master spies? An explanatory note, for office use only, but caught on one of the documents photographed by X gives the secret away. It

reads: “Teleprinter Series beginning Dec. 28, 1944: “The letter ‘W’ following the

order number means West{ragen (problems of the West); these items are collected and worked on by Legation Secretary Kraemer, “The letter ‘O’ following the order number means Ostfragen (problems

“pandur® was the Assistant Alr Attache Major Heinrich Wenzlau. Indeed, this is fully confirmed by an incident that will be related in a subsequent dispatch in which these names are brought into immediate and obvious ‘ connection with each other,

TOMORROW: 8! Startling Information Uncovered by Nazi Spies.

BISHOP IVINS APPEALS FOR ‘CHRISTIAN LIFE’

The Rt. Rev. B. F. P. Ivins, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Milwaukee, made a strong appeal for the Christian way of life to save‘civilization, in his noonday Lenten sermon today in Christ Episcopal church. “The multitudes who know not God and His way must be led to Him and In®His way,” “These multitudes are our neighbors, in our homes, our offices, and shops, our +| city and nation, and in Japan, and Germany and Russia, and all men everywhere, “Unless we make Christ's work and ends our own, we are not

being Maj, Heinrich Wenzlau of the East); the person in charge the LUFA.” It is quite clear, thus, that

“Hasso” was the Secretary of the Legation Karl Heinz Kraemer, and!

of the gestapo, a burly, fiftyish man with globous eyes, heavy | jowls, and an UNctuous Smile; The colonel was attached to the | legation under the conveniently vague designation of “Wehrwirtschaftsoffizier” (economic defense officer). He and Frau Wagner were frequently seen in society, always jovial, eager to make friends, and discreetly inquisitive. Ever so often the colonel would vanish on extended “business trips,” invariably returning with a bulky brief case in hand. “Herr Doktor” In the Nazis’ secret correspondence, Wagner is usually referred | to as “Herr Doktor.” Among his] Swedish acquaintances, too, he took care not to display his military rank, still less his connection with the gestapo. He was a “scientist,” | connected with the German scientific academy in Sweden. { Two of the Colonel's principal | aides were an S.D. man called | August Finke (head of “Bureau Finke”) and a Capt. Utermark. The military intelligence service | «formerly the “Abwehr”—also | had two offices, both located on Karlavaegen, a principal thorough-| fare in the same city district, Oestermalm. | At Karlavaegen 59, in a second | floor office suite with windows on both the street and the backyard, there was the so-called “Radio| Bureau.’ Here, X was employed in the code and teleprinter room. | Closely connected with the “Radio Bureau” was the “Lufa” at Karlavaegen 99. Housed in a! spacious attic suite, the “Lufa”| (abbreviated from Luftwaffe Attache) ostensibly was the private

Went Unmolested Apart from a few such cases, however, the espionage and coun-ter-espionage activities of both belligerent sides went on fairly unmolested from the first to the last day of the war. Most of the arrests made by the Swedish police during the period, and practically all the

apartment of Air Attache Maj. Heinrich Golchert and his two as<! sistants, Maj. Heinrich Wenzlau| and Capt. Johann Thienemann, Nerve-Center Actually, the “Lufa” nerve-center of German military espionage in Sweden, while the “radio bureau” was. the princi-

cases brought to trial, were con-|pal agency of transmission.

cerned with Swedish security—at-

Co-ordinated with the “Lufa,”

tempts to ferret out secrets of but of less’ actual importance, was “Swedish war production or foreign|the “milat,” or bureau of the mili-| trade, illegal assistance given by/|tary attache, a Gen. von Uthman,

local Nazis or Communists to Germany or Russia, and so forth. German citizens, and in particular members or employees of the German Legation, especially from 1944 on, when the Swedes no longer were afraid of Nazi reprisals. (Generally speaking, the Swedish! practice of dealing harshly or gent- | ly with spies of a certain na- |

tionality followed closely the! fluctuations of Sw edish foreign policy.) |

In March 1044, a translator of | “the German legation, Friedrich G.|

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and of his aide, Von Watzdorf. The over-all control of these and several other adjunct agencies, lay of course with the head of the German legation, Minister Hans Thomsen himself. { Top dogs at the “radio bureau” were “Pandur” and “Hasso,” the task and paymasters of the fame flung network of spies. (Note the piquuant coincidence of the nom de guerre “Hasso” being used by one of the most dangerous Nazi spies in Sweden, even as the Swedish actress Signe Hasso- WAS Playing

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institute and the German |.

was the

worthy of the name of Christian.” Bishop Ivins will complete his series of addresses in Christ church tomorrow,

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES .

, (Continued From Page One)

There is the United States with no imperial ' ambitions, but with a power- to produce mightily for war. It is a formidable combination to look upon and. ponder,

144 ‘oN » v RUSSIA ALSO knows. full well that we went to war to save our skin and that of England—not Russla’s. She knows we helped her as a means of saving ourselves, Our newspapers and public speakers said that. What else would we see, looking out from Russia? We would observe a great combination of Anglo-American territory and force stretching from the outpost in England, itself—which proved most adequate as a jumping off place for our troops in the war. We would see clear across North and South America, dominated a little by England, mostly by ourselves, and on to the island bases in the Pacific and to the Japanese islands which we now ¢ontrol— right up to the door of Russia. / » » .

WE WOULD see some other things, too, particularly if we re-

We would see all that territory south of the Rio Grande over which {own we have influence, and remember that we say to outside nations “keep off” through the Monroe Doctrine, - We have had much to say in the past about, governments there-—and we still do. There was a time, and not so long.ago, when our government was influenced by big corporate interests to support certain governments there, and help throw out others. This was known as “dollar diplomacy.” It is not a pretty part of our history. Right now we are having much to say about Argentina.

- » 8 IT MIGHT be recalled that the first thing we did when the German threat arose, long before there was war, was to reach out and acquire military bases in Iceland and Bermuda and other spots to protect ourselves. From where they sit the Russians, we are told, are afraid that .the

a ring around them. There are things that can be seized upon as circumstantial evi-

western powers are trying to build}

are exploiting. such th tings for their is to rally their Ds in a NE front. ‘Much of what is going on may be due to a shaky regime in Russia. We don't know. We can't tell. But there are rumors that others may be coming to-the top in Russia. ” » » » WE ARE sure that we are in no plot to surround Russia, and are sure that the English Labor government is a party to no such plot. But Russia may be just as suspicious of us, Ey any. right, as we are suspicious of her. Incidents like the Churchill speech certainly don’t hel ep. There another thing that undoubtedly causes uneasiness. This is our possession of the atomic bomb, which could do a Russian city the size of Stalingrad in a couple of seconds what it took the Germans weeks to do. We are sure we want no war, sure that we do not intend to use the atomic bomb. But is Russia sure? g "8. IT WOULD seem that the right prescription and the proper ap-

called our own history.

dence, and their political leaders

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THURSDAY, MARCH 1, 1046

Stokes: ‘Look ot the Trouble in Soa s Side May Help'

Borues 2 gi Connally (D. ex. ore re tions committee chairman 5 To this may be added assurances that we are not “ganging up” against any nation. We must work it all out practically, with no an. peasement, as members of the United Nations—and not as great power blocs eyeing each other suse pici ously, A look at it all from the R side might help. sian

LOCAL MAN TO AID IN.ATOM BOMB TEST

Lt. Joseph E. Coleman, son of Mr, and Mrs. Elmer O. Coleman, 524 Ww, 40th st., is one of 31 medical officers who will arrange safety precautions or Le forthcoming atomic bomb

The group has been assigned to the task force which will test atomie bombs against naval vessels. The medical group will join the task force sometime in April, after orien tation study in Oak Ridge, the Manhattan district and the New Mexico experiment area. Lt. Coleman is a graduate of

speeches by Secretary of State

Shortridge high school,

—————

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