Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 February 1946 — Page 16

the People’s Consultative Conference of all as agreed on a coalition cabinet and a constituvention, we would like to think that China's e over. Of course they are not. A faint behas been made—that is all. ess that is understood, there is apt to be an Amertion as the going gets tough and as proposals are to cease aid to China. This would be disastrous. se virtually all the plans for Chinese reforms, political economic, presuppose continued American co-operation. After the long Jap war and internal conflicts she is weak to stand alone at once, too weak to develop her vast potential without a helping hand. She wants not only material aid but our sympathic and patient understanding. .. William H. Newton, this newspaper's correspondent there, has written a series of articles answering some of the questions which Americans are asking about the confused Chinese situation. The first appears today on this page in the column “World Affairs.” We believe you will be interested. 4 wat : ; COLLEGE VETERANS’ HOUSING JIDIANA university ia ‘fo be commended for the manner “in which its entire organization pitched in under the direction of President Herman B- Wells to 3olve the problem _ of providing homes for war ‘veteran students. "The experience at Bloomington shows that the solution ¢an be found in co-operation—co-operation of the university authorities, the students, the government and the suppliers. © From Purdue and other institutions of higher learning in the state come similar stories of a serious effort to solve the housing problem for students under. the G. L bill of rights. This is a pleasant contrast from the almost uniyersal attitude of complaint rather than aggressive attack * on the problem. Ltda If the rest of the state could show the same spirit of "co-operation asshown by the school leaders, housing could ‘be reduced from a specter to a concrete problem and intelligent plans made for overcoming it. .

YAMASHITA AND U. 8. JUSTICE. [ is a healthy thing that the war criminal conviction ot E% Yamashita was appealed to the U. S. supreme court.

WX 7

superior to the barbarism of the enemy.

to stay

er enemy general.

io treaty.

Of great importance in

)

for vigilance to prevent such atrocities.

on.

Rec + 2 WE SHARE OUR BREAD

Truman's nine-point food conservation “order.

bread with the hungry. The President is not exaggerating when he says

than in all the war years combined.”

d but they will not “suffer. drink. For white bread there will be gray.

8 to whom a loaf of bread is a luxury, et ——————

‘EMBARRASSED

job

bel

this mixture of politics

worse by. insis

the China civil war has been stopped with a |

say, but |

Hoosier Forum

"| do not agree with a word that you your right to say it." — Voltaire.

will defend to the death

"Universal Training Provides Army of Rich and Poor Alike

By Charles R. Behrman, Indianapolis Around and around we go in regard to'a peacetime draft. Mothers are not wanting to give up their sons for a year or so of military training even though guns have ceased. Let me give you the opinion of just one man, one man ‘who has served eleven years in your-navy. Al of them’ ehlistménts. ' That man is yours truly. My mother saw me leave for the navy twice. And each time breaking her heart, Most red-blooded American boys reaching 18 are thrilled at the thought of wearing a uniform, romance, iravel and serving their country. If he is a poor man’s son, he may enlist rather than face more schooling or ‘going to work. But if he comes from the “upper ten” who

fewer such strings left untied the better. Inevitably o there will be propaganda in the future to the effect that America, carried away by a spirit of revenge, violated the letter and spirit of justice which makes our civilization

The majority opinion of Chief Justice Stone, refusing the hanging of Yamashita, is a sober gnd fair to the petition of army counsel appointed to defend

Yamashita was convicted of condoning some 60,000 _ atrocities by his troops in the Philippines against civilians prisoners. The defense argued that the military trial commission was not created legally, that it could not try him after the entl of hostilities, that he did not violate the law of war, and that the commission heard improper

The supreme court ruled that the commission was set legally by Gen. MacArthur under presidential order, and conformity with an act of congress, international law | Jap surrender terms. It pointed out that a system of justice could not operate if it had to catch and try inals before an armistice, that the state of hostilities not yet formally ended and would not until there was

“in clarification of the issue and precedent, was the decision holding commanders reAsn Stone said, the purpose of the law of war to protect ; and prisoners from brutalities “would largely be ted if the commander of an invading army could, with ty, neglect to take reasonable precautions for their

Americans must eat less and waste less to prevent mass starvation abroad. That is the reason for PresiIt is

But most will respond gladly, because always have been the kind of people who share

ore people face starvation and even actual death for L ‘of food today than in any war year, and perhaps

~ That is not surprising. It is the inevitable price of the fuction and dislocations of military combat that the ‘effect of food shortage is felt in the early post-war

There will he less

But we shall still: be eating our fill compared with | Who have just been put on a meager ration,

m ony. against Edwin W. Pauley has been so. and Mr. Pauley has been such a poor witness, f the senate would confirm him as undersecretary vy—which now seems unlikely—it is doubtful he dhe confidence of congress he would have

Son the est thing for Mr, Pauley Wn behalf and in the interest of the Truman y i8 to withdraw. Failing that, the best

can offer him a life of leisure or easy work in his father's factory or office, he will take the thought of serving his country with a grain of salt. He can have romance and travel, and still be a free citizen. He may not serve unless he is made

So my kindred of the “lower ten,” it will be your son who will serve under the present enlistment pro-

my son composing our new army? Or do you want your son and the rich man’s son serving side by side in a peacetime universal training army? We hear so much these days about labor (the poor man) faking a rap at capital (the rich man), so why not put them all together and let both of them serve their country? To you mothers, I suggest you do not be too selfish. Many a mother did not see her son again this time, because he was not properly trained. ” EJ o “AMERICA DEFINITELY NOT GOING COMMUNIST By Mrs. W. H. Thompson, Indianapolis To Mr. Alex Radishicki, whose letter appeared in your paper last week, I should like to say America is definitely not going communistic! I understand there is going to be closer checking on people who seem to be pro-communistic, under our new President Mr. Truman. I do believe, however, that you ere correct when you name Philip Murray, Dan Tobin, Sidney Hillman, Caesar Petrillo, etc. ‘as old country immigrants, Of course, if when they came they met the rejuirements for entering our great country, they had the right to come. But, they were supposed to be Americanized as all other immigrants are expected to be. It is 80 strange to me, and I think I speak for millions of Americans, ‘why people who think so much of foreign governments don’t go across the ocean to live. Why are you here, Mr. Radishicki?

gram. Do you want your son andy yice that Mrs. Hufford used to

“OLD SHORTRIDGE HIGH TAUGHT HOMELY LIVING” By M. B. 8, Shortridge "88 1 enjoyed your editorial on Indianapolis high school No. 1 in connection with the reunion of the class of '96 because the names of the old teachers you mentioned there recalled many childhood memories. For instance, it was good ad-

give the girls in 12th grade English when she told them: “Always have the table set when your huspand comes home for supper. It will make him think it's almost time to sit down to the table and he won't complain.” That's good advice even today, my daughter tells me. Then there was Professor Grant, who was principal and also taught bookkeeping. Each new class heard his advice that “if your income covers your expenses and you have two cents left, you will be happy; but if you go two cents in debt, you're unhappy.” And it was he, too, who advised “never sign even the smallest piece of paper without reading it.” That's good advice, today. I remember Mrs. Selleck well as an artistic dignified woman, and Laura Donnan, who scared us all because she would take no monkeying, but whom we grew to love as a really kindly person. Dr. Brayton was another of my teachers. He was gruff, kind and brilliant. We didn’t have to open a book in his class if we listened to him, because he was such a clear lecturer that we could learn our lessons by paying attention closely to his discussions. 3 Our class motto was “Dd the duty that lies nearest thee.” Having lived a goodly number of years, I can’t help but feel that the simple subjects we were taught so long ago perhaps taught us more about living than the children of today learn from many of what we old folks sometimes are prone to regard as frills.

Carnival —By Dick Turner

Mier

"Best :

hadn't been a shortage

in =

to treat her as though she was perfectly: normal and +t of men for the last three years!’ -

TM U, K PAT. OFF. 26

here

“DON'T NEED MEMORIAL, WANT REAL ASSISTANCE” By Charles R. Behrman, Indianapolis The people of Indiana have eyes, |

citizens who are veterans or vet-eran-conscious would only open their eyes they would see men with twisted and maimed bodies, men who faced the enemy, men who left home and loved ones, men who have returned to pick up what little remains for them in life, and to claim what little our state has to offer them toward their rehabilitation. Perhaps many of you missed the article in our local papers regard-| ing the removal of our free hunting land fishing license. It is true that dollar and a half won't take much from the discharge pay. But if we veterans allow this to be taken from us, we wonder what they will try to take away from us next The veterans of many posts throughout the state believe this to be a test to see just how far we will permit them to go. At the present time this is taking up much of our time at each post meeting. While our state is taking away our free hunting and fishing license, let me remind yeu that the state of California will loan its veterans up to $6500 for the purchase of a home. And up to $12,500 for a farm loan, and at 4%. Will pay up to $40 a month in addition to federal benefits to all veterans going to school. Little old Massachusetts will pay $100 state bonus to all honorably discharged veterans. Besides free university extension courses, free brokers licenses, free driver's licenses and a veterans retirement pension. Colorado will exempt veterans from state tax up to $1500, free hunting and fishing licenses, even to out-of-state veterans taking treatment in their hospitals. Those are the major benefits from these two states. And only two from the 48. Wake up, Indiana, we don’t need a stone memorial to help us remember—we need the cash. And to those of you who are now thinking, “Let him move to Colorado or Massachusetts,” let me tell you, this is my home. I was born and raised in Indiana. The only time I have left Indiana was to fight your last two wars. " " t J “WHAT DOES STATE HIGHWAY DEPT. DO WITH TAX?” By A Truck Driver, Indianapolis I have been wondering if Indiana still has a highway department. Illinois, Michigan and Ohio state highway trucks get out with their snow plows, no matter what

time of night the snow starts, and work till the highways are clear. If it sleets or. rains and freezes, they get out and put sand and chloride on the entire highway which breaks it up and the traffic knocks it off. I drive over these roads 280 miles per night, six nights a week and know what I'm talking about. Indiana has fine equipment to do this with, but doesn't use it. It's about. time the taxpayers made them use it or sell the equipment and do away with the department, and cut the cost of licenses and gas tax. Thay collect over $4,000,000 a

with this money?

is votes at election time.

ready tO vote for a third party.

DAILY THOUGHT

Wherefore ye shall do my statutes, and keep ‘my judgments, and do them; and ye shall dwell in the land of safety. And the land shall yield her fruit, and ye shall eat your fill and dwell therein in safety.—Leviticus 25:18-19. .

but can not see. For if our fine

month on gas tax. What do they do

It could be used to help save lives on the highways, but all they do is preach safety and never practice it. All they worry about I wonder if they ever thought of doing. their job right to get those votes? I'm

3 oe TET le a

Holl

upper 40. : Require Merger of Two Armies UNLIKE America, where military force almost never is used or needed, in China the army is power and law. There are two armies in China. One is the Nationalist army, controlled by the central government of, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek whose headquarters are in Chungking. The other force—which includes such military units as the Eighth Route army —is controlled by Chinese Communist leaders whose headquarters are at Yenan. Although the Nationalist army is numerically stronger and better equipped, this is not so impartant or decisive as it seems to an observer who lives in a country where all sorts of means of rapid communications are at hand—paved highways, railroads and air ports. In many ‘areas, all the Chinese Communists had

k to do to be safe from attack by the Nationalist troops

IT'S OUR BUSINESS . . . By Donald D. Hoover Icelanders Say We Are Democratic

IT'S OUR BUSINESS to know how people of other parts of the world regard us, particularly in comparison with other nations. / ‘ One of the remote EY where our troops were stationed was Iceland, hd in that lonely spot the Icelanders had ample opportunity to observe their conduct. In general, the verdict was good. Here is what one Icelandic leader said recently of the impression created by U. 8. and British forces:

pursuit of U-boats from the air but on land no

selves on account of Icelandic girls. Of course there was a mass migration at night of girls to the camps, and in this respect the Americans had the better chances. The smart uniforms of the Americans contributed to their success, but apart from that every observer who had an eye for human health could read the signs of healed rickets in the British, whereas the Americans were as many walking advertisements for good nutrition. “Yet, perhaps the most impressive difference noticed by us between those two nations, was their working methods. The British had inefficient engineers and supervisors, and laborers got used to. a minimal output of work. In many places the

| laborers were criticizing severely the absurdity of

what they were doing. Yet, if they suggested advice for the better, it was as a rule ignored, many times to the detriment of the British.

Americans More Efficient “THE AMERICANS, on the other hand, brought a fresh breeze of zeal into the work. They ‘had machines and efficient people, and people liked to work for them in spite of having to work much harder. - Ships, which had taken 14 days to unload, the Americans would unload in two days. “The Americans acted toward the Icelanders as they would have done toward themselves. But the

Frank UNO De

WASHINGTON, Feb. 7—This is no particular effort to find a silver lining, but it does seem healthy that the United Nations Organization has reached the fyou're-another” stage. That is, world leaders are acting a lot like mem bers of congress or Britain's commons, instead of like suave, polite, old-school diplomats gifted with double talk and procrastination. It is much better to bring the hard problems—and they are tough—out into the open. Let both cides argue and even shout at one another, if they choose, rather than wrap their issues neatly in wads of protocol and tuck them away in a drawer. Such neat little packages often have turned out to be dynamite in disguise that goes off years later with a terrible

It’s better to have the bang now, verbally, than later in atomic bombs and V-bombs and the like. To Senator Vandenberg (R. Mich.) must go much credit for making the UNO assembly a “town meeting of the world” when the charter was drafted

that, and insistent also that the assembly have power to investigate situations all over the world, just as our congress does in our domestic affairs.

Arguments Coming Into Open

BUT UNO has gone a step further, at the start. For the public debate idea has been carried right into the higher sanctum, the security council—and not at all politely—in discussions of the troublesome Iranian, Greek and Dutch East Indies problems. Mr. Bevins shouts at Mr. Vishinsky, and ‘Mr. Vishinsky throws it back. After one of these spats, it is reported from London by the New York Times,

TODAY IN EUROPE . . . By

LISBON, Feb. T7—“Power corrupts, absolute power absolutely corrupts. Nearly all great men are bad” So wrote Historian Lord Acton in one of his somberest conclusions. Salazar, undisputed ruler and dictator of Portugal for 20 years, is one of. those few statesmen who genuinely and triumphantly resisted ‘the temptations of power. In a land where politicians traditionally have grown rich and where some still do, he lives a life of modest austerity and retirement. He is seldom seen in public, his name appears infrequently in the press and one seldom—as in other dictatorship countries—sees his photographs displayed publicly. He seems content to enjoy the reality of power without the trappings. And he's too civilized a human being to hanker after that hero worship and deification which other dictators need to rule over their more primitive peoples. Part of the credit for this is due to the Portuguese people who are a highly cultivated people, still imbued with respect for the best traditions of European Christendom.

Dictator Genuinely Modest

SALAZAR'S modesty and self-effacement are no mere affectation. I was told that he had not seen a newspaperman for more than three years. This was due to genuine distaste for personal publicity. I, therefore, coiinted myself very fortunate when he received me in his office in the national assembly and talked for nearly an hour about internal and ex: ternal policies of his government. I could not help being struck by his resemblance to that other long-time autocrat of a small neutral country, Eamon de Valera. Both devout Catholics, I and both have the same strik-

how to rule.~Henry VL =

jah

LET thém obey who know not

both attend mass daily : AB ites ot nda, SERA, gesdy Nia uous

"to turn over their armed forces to an:

* attitude toward foreign nations.

“The only fighting done in this country was - fighting took place, except among the troops them- °

originally at San Francisco. He was insistent on _

88 must be combined into one national serving: the entire nation and subject to orders central government, men—our political parties—who control these armies also have obtained control of provinces or _ An these sections they now have absolute

- power to levy taxes, adopt laws, jail dissenters or con script men and material resources, :

Have Had Enough of Warfare : THEY ARE reluctant to surrender this power ahd 1 ( agency higher than themselves unless and until they are given an adequate voice in that higher agency or government,

huey surrender will not some day be used against em. That is why the question of nationalization of the two armies and the organizatign of a new, unified government for China must go hand in hand and must occur simultaneously. Neither has been accomplished so far, although there are hopeful signs that it can be accomplished. ; ; : The most. hopeful sign is the universal feeling dt the average Chinese—as differentiated from the generals, politicians and former war lords—that he and his country have had enough warfare and civil strife. There is a growing feeling in China today that if any government or political party wants public support—or even public tolerance—it will have to ‘bring real peace and real unity to this country and bring it fast.

British had a tendency to treat us like colonials. Their imperialism has evidently taught them this

“The British officers were evidently a mixed lot. Probably we have not seen the best of them, but I must give you the impression of what we saw. At least they were, although less numerous, more prominent as consumers of drinks and girls than the American officers, who seemed .to take their work more seriously. Of course, there weré many fine persons among the British, but unfortunately the people saw more of the others. i “I think all of us got the greatest respect for the British private. They were probably an unselected lot from all parts of England, Scotland and Wales. Walking the streets in small groups with no money in their pockets, lacking the attractive force of money and smart outward appearance, they had evidently submitted to their fate.

Our Soldiers Were Cocky

“THEIR UNASSUMING attitude made a pleasing contrast to the boisterous behavior of the ‘American soldiers, who had to turn around for every girl they met, and were just as cocksure of their superiority in amorous warfare as the British were of final victory.” ; * One of the outstanding intelligence jobs of the war was done in Iceland by Cok George A. A. Jones, nicknamed . “Ack-Ack.” Jones not only was G-2 of the first A. E. F. of this war when he accompanied the initial contingent of troops to Iceland, but who also was G-2 of the last A. E. F. when he acdompanied the 8th army to Japan as its G-2. Col. Jones was credited with such effective counter-intel-

ligence that the Germans believed there were twice as

many troops on Iceland as there really were.

Reykjavik is fust about the dreariest place T've §

ever seen. . . . I don't predict an overwhelming response to the current Icelandic effort to dttract large numbers of tourists to their glaciers and fjords.

IN WASHINGTON . . . By Thomas L. Stokes

bates Clear ihe Air

Mr. Vishinsky took Mr. Bevin off to the Soviet embassy for a drink—and they toasted the working classes of England and Russia. Just the way it is here in congress so often with men who lambast .each other on the floor. These public discussions let the world in on these problems, let the world know the issues involved, which is of itself, a start toward a solution. But, more than that, they let the rest of us see that these international statesmen are just men, too, men who have been a little luckier perhaps than others in getting ahead in the profession of politics, not supermen or master minds at all.

Debunking World Politics WHEN they get down to a problem they talk it all out just about the way members of the city council do, or the state legislature, or congress, with gestures, loud noises and occasional epithets. It leaves the reader with the impression that pers haps government on the world level, if we stick at it and give a real try and improve the machinery as we go along, can be just as successful as national government has been with us, even though we may expect periods when things seem to go all awry, as they are in congress now. But congress has been with us a long time and will be for a long time, The debunking of international politics going on now in London, that is; the revelation that it's much like politics as lower levels, is helpful. . It all used fo seem beyond comprehension to the ordinary mortal when they dressed it up in fancy clothes, kept it behind locked doors, and clothed it in a language that the average fellow could not understand, and so

gave up trying.

Randolph Churchill

Salazar Is Much Like De Valera

age. With Salazar, as with De Valera, you feel he will

' not try to evade questions or fob you off with disin-

genuous answers. Both of them give the igpression of being men with missions. Both have the similar obstinate inflexibility toward tasks they have set out to achieve. The Portuguese dictator did not try to persuade me, as had some of his henchmen, that Portugal was rapidly moving under his leadership toward a less authoritarian system of government.

Desires Independent Voices HE WAS still deeply conscious of the bloodshed, strife and political instability which was Portugal's lot both under the constitutional monarchy and in the early years of republican rule. He does not believe Portugal has yet sufficiently matured politically to inaugurate unlimited free institutions. He thinks

Portugal would soon relapse into a chronic state of -

political disorder if her affairs once more became the sport of party politics. But he has not attempted to create a totalitarian party to consolidate his personal rule. His aim is to associate the ablest men of all parties .and of note in his administration. He welcomes what he calls “independent voices,” both in parliament and in the press.but he has no intention of allowing organized opposition to form which might become powerful enough to turn him out and produce an alternative government. i Salazar's undoubted wish is to have as broad-based government as possible. He does not waht to be dependent on any one party but be able to choose his ministers freely from the not very abundant material available. So far he has succeeded in this policy. Al

indications¥are that he. is firmly in the saddle and.

be dislodged

Britain Tolc To Sei NUERNBER( The leaders mocked the Ui ment program greatest bluff They tried to the war by wi planned to “i " empire, the ~ erimes tribuna "A flood of d uncovering the bluff to which in a vain effo Britain was su st the openin prosecution ¢ Hess.

Hess ‘Wa The prosecut tailed, official time number t flight to Britai his warning th at that momen the British Em America, he tended to anne the war had w ficiently. Other docun prosecution re ONE: That ( ister Joachim Benito Mussoli before the Un the war that A was history's B TWO: That Prancois Darls triumvirate of eluded a secre Nazis in 194] | ing of Germs the purpose * canal and cutt The hitherts was revealed i & conference 1 Benito Mussol eazzo Cinao or Darlan pled Prince would other war me aside landing borne German of gasoline at for the march U. 8. The pact al of German tro Turkey which was confident In return fo was to reduce on France fr . « 000,000 francs ‘The evidenct delivered a bh British goven questioned hir England. Hess made a his mission to then undersec: foreign office, tain's wisest peace with would not win Kirkpatrick knowledge of “plot” against asserting that plans, among for the annexs

BATES 0

The progran Forester Ralpl E. R. Martell, will increase t! forestry office: two to nine, The new di under the sup servation deps tions have not the governor s -. New district attending a tr dye university begin an inter ing in the field offices were ¢ for work by M . ‘The governo tablishment of fices was mad crease in th passed by the bly. Despite available, 18 ¢ not be include diately. It was estim 750,000 acres © to tree-growin be utilized un

A box supper w Rebekah lodge 33 in the hall, Add stg. A spelling 1 ment: will follow,

, L 0. lodge building, ce Washington sts. Olis Hyatt will |

Hospi Ass

« Merle D. Cv fonal director ministration, t Veterans hospi fee causes th evicted from Mr. Cummi ment after re Gen. Omar F istrator, a by the Americ such cases wer entirely false. . “No non-sei of any kind 1 veterans hosp need hospitalis said. “That w "I believe I to that effect necessary Wo atients and