Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 January 1946 — Page 13

and private concerns. Before plant

by the government

reopen the stored products will have to be cleared out. . , Mr. and Mrs. Jack Neely, who until a few weeks ago

lived at 327 N. Kealing ave., celebrated the New Year in the Philippines. It was a new experience for Mr. Neely but ngf for his wife. She came here from the

university, That's where she

year-old son,

Special Room for Relics

room will be about 8x ) and cabinets lining the walls, He den when he gets through with be a big sheep skin which he bro Germany. He's going to hang

with book

souvenirs also include

BUCH ™ '§8" surgics ins

slides. One.of the most in

he was in world war IIL captured a German town few miles ahead of them

HYDE PARK, N. Y,, Jan. 3~The 1100 citizens of Hyde Park expect to hear any day now that their village has been chosen as the permanent site of the United Nations Organization. Before you are in town an hour you hear at the local grog shop that Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, at a Christmas eve party for the help, said that it was in the bag, Naturally, the visitor expects to find a high degree of excitement among the yeomen at the increasing probability that they will soon become the political capital of the world. ! It is our unhappy duty to report that this is not the case. ; True, there are a few Hyde Park souls who shared the political ideals of Franklin D. Roosevelt and cherish his memory with a fierce lave that challenges exaggerated indifference of many of the villagers the name of Roosevelt. id These few souls feel that there is no other proper location for the UNO except the birthplace and’ the resting place of the man who conceived it. On the other hand, there is the local Scrooge, #& physician ‘who shall be .

One Wants No Foreigners WHEN A LADY came around to him last August with a petition asking President Truman to use his good offices to locate the UNO site at Hyde Park, Scrooge refused to sign, and sent the upset lady on her way with the choleric observation: “It's bad enough to have Roosevelt buried here, without bringing in a lot of damn foreigners!” Fortunately for the comity of nations, Scrooge’s violerice is not representative. Only a few families in Hyde Park refused to sign the UNO petition. Evaretta Killmer, an energetic little lady who has had most of adult Hyde Park as pupils during her long career as a teacher, and who is an ardent Roosevelt fan, said that she got 80 signers for the UNO petition in her neighborhood, and only one refusal.

Science

: your THE ATOMIC botnb, biggest news of 1045, prome nd warm ises to continue to hold the center of the stage in 1946. : A beginning must be made in 1946 of solving two great problems. One is the international control of A ‘the bontb so that the world will be sdved from an ’ » atomic bomb race and eventual

dpstryction, The other is the formulation of a program for the development of the peaceful uses of atomic energy. Because of the way in which ‘the two problems are intertwined, it is difficult if the second can be solved satisfactorily unless something is done about the first. Secretary of State Byrnes has just returned from Moscow and & conference with Foreign Minister Bevin of Great Britain and Foreign Minister Molotov of Russia. While they had many problems to discuss, it has been reported that the atomic bomb was the No.'l * subject before the Big Three foreign ministers,

‘That Terrible Thing’

ON NOV. 11, Prime Minister Attlee of Great Britain arrived in Washington for a conference with President

a Towels Truman and Prime Minister Mackenzie King of : . Canada on the subject of what he called “that terrible 8 with thing,” namely the ‘atomic bomb. pe on ¢ Out of this conference came a Joint statement Size LJ on Nov. 15 which may be regarded as embodying Jo cot- : Each y Day

EN ROUTE TO LONDON, Wednesday.—Before we leave the new .year completely behind us, I want to say -a word-of thanks again for the great number of Christmas cards that have coe to me this year. Many of them express sentiments. of afféction for my husband which I very deeply appreciate, One cannot help but be warmed by s0' many expressions of sympathy and remem- { brance

Bver since my nomination as a delegate fo the United Nations | Organization, T have been receiv- { ing not only New Year greetings and good wishes, but of hope and faith and good wishes for the results 6f this conference. I want to tell you through this - column, since I could not possibly answer all of these letters and cards, how grateful 1

ea Towelin

weling am for the feeling that many people will be hoping : < ‘and praying that out of this meeting will come at Red ' | least a start towards.s strong future organization . © ‘of many nations, determined_to preserve peace on, it pat- earth. wi Re ST I bolts. _ It is evident to all of us that this desire among 1s," yard 5 ‘the peoples of the world must express. itself to their

leaders in ‘no uncertain terms. For diffichilties are Hound to arise among nations as controversies do _ among individuals» There will be times widen solu-

)

Philippines arid was an exchange student at Indiana

BOB KLEEMAN, 3605 E. Washington st. isn't cluttering up his home with war souvenirs. But it, he's not getting rid of his collection, Right now he's in the process the attic of his louse up in Europe the army. The shelves ‘Il have a regular it. His rug will t hume from , captured flags from ,various enemy countries on one wall and his Italian rifle and a flare gun on another wall. His German . equipment ‘precision dyawing - instruments and a German African . corps ‘helmet. Besides his other souvenirs Bob also has about 500 pictures he took himself and several captured film pieces in his ~ collection is a photo album with pictures of a German soldier from the ‘time of; his youth until got this when ‘they the Nazis fled just a them, - He, also has a rock from Hitler's fireplace in Berchtesgaden and rocks from the various countries that he passed through. Now that he’s a. .civiian- again, Bob plans to return to

Expectant Village

tof atomic energy “just as soon as effective enforce-

‘political. thinking will have to be changed, but they will not change overnight. The old type of economic |- thinking which has often led to certain types of politi-

‘bring destruction. ‘

. Bob Kiceman . . . » room’ of souvenirs,

Butler university Jan. 28 and centinue in the school of business administration

Repeat Performance

FRANK JOYCE, 1224 N. Holmés ave., definjtely is On Christmas day his 1941 Buick sedan was stolen from in front of his fathers in-law's home at 1132 N. Warman ave. But then two days later police recovered the car and Mr. Joyce got it back. He had it just long ‘enough to have it washed, greased apd simonized when the car was gone again. This time he had parked it In front of 753 N. Holmes ave, about 8 o'clock last Saturday night. When he went out to. get his car, it wasn’t there. All four ddors of the car had been locked;sand the brake was on but that didn't seem to bother whoever drove the car away. The car is still missing. , . . Governor Gates has something in comHis desk is almost minus of do-dads. - But he does let his callers know that he's definitely a member of the Republican party. He has just four items on his desk—three of them elephants, one glass, one china and one black Jade. Thegother item is a group of four small flags of the United Nations. “Articles in other parts of

having car trouble.

mon with President Truman.

the office also include two more elephants.

petition, And as Mrs. Gladys Brower, Democratic town clerk, declares with genial finality:

“When a Democrat is elected in Hyde Park, it means that a lot of Republicans have voted for you.”

Wonder What it Will Mean MRS. BROWER, a widow who has reared a family

of seven, shows irritation only when the subject is brought up of the town's obvious indifference to its

most renowned citizen, F. D. R. “It burns me up,” she says sharply. Arthiir E. Smith; the young postmaster, a Demo-

crat with autographed photos of F. D. R., Postmaster General Hannegan and the late Mrs. Sara Delano Roosevelt in his little office, perhaps comes closest to the real reaction to the location of the UNO site in

Hyde Park, when he draws:

“Well, the people are for it all right—but I guess

they're wondering what it will all mean to them.” .

The Rev. Thomas Foxton, 71, an English citizen who is pastor of the Hyde Park Methodist church, conceded the indifference of the villagers and ex-

plained: ; ys “We don't seem

Roosevelt means in other countries.” The townsmen, the minister adds, have been fearful that the location of the UNO in Hyde Park would

change the character of the snug village, cause a

violent earthquake in property values and tax rates, and bring them into a world spotlight for which they have no hankering. This fear for the “character of the town” is perhaps more important than political prejudice in the absence of fanatical enthusiasm among the villagers for bringing the UNO to Hyde Park. ‘

By David Dietz

a quite different approach to the subject than that in the May-Johnson bill which went to congress on Oct. 3 with war department sponsorship ahd approval of the President. . > In a joint statement on Nov, 15, the three heads of government expressed their willingness to share on a reciprocal basis with other members of the United Nations organization the practical application

lis Times and Inc.

able safeguards against its use for destructive purposes can be devised.” Scientists have suggested that an international inspection system could be worked out by which a scientific staff of the UNO would keep track of the mining #and -disposition of all such materials as uranium and thorium.

Lift Secrecy Bans

THEY POINT out that there is sufficient difference between a. plant ‘using these rhaterials for the generation of controlled energy and for the manus facture of a bomb, to make it easy for jnspectors to know which is being done. Once this type of control is worked out, scientists want all secrecy bans on the exchange of informatfon about atomic research lifted. In this connection they point out that the making of the bomb during world war II was possible only because of the basic scientific knowledge already in éxistence by 1939. © All scientisls agree that science cannot flourish unless it is restored to its prewar status of classical freedom. i

By Eleanor Roosevelt

tions to knotty problems will seem well nigh impossible, ~~ = bo The old fears, the old type of diplomatic and

cal action, will also have to be changed and subordinate itself to the main objective before us—peace and a better life for the peoples of the world as a whole. This cannot happen, however, without the necessary vigor on the part of the people in every nation to make their desires known. Nor can it happen unless the difficulties can be brought out in the open and discussed. The people may not feel that they understand the details of a situation. They could not, perhaps, work out the solution. But they can insist on the ultimate objectives which they wish to attain. The little people are the ones who fight the wars. They are the ones who work their hearts out in production. They are the ones who suffer most during the wars and afterward. » They are the ones to whom a little. more hope for w-better life now and in the future will mean a little more Joy and a little more ease in an existence which in the past has never been without anxiety. iit git Day by day we must be reminded that our world Is one world. , Africa, Asia, Europe ahd the Americas,

his studies

By Edwin Lahey Mrs. Watson Golden, a plump and pleasant little housewife who proudly shares with her vigorous hus-

band the distinction’ of being Democrats, says that all but two families in the village-signed the UNO

fo realize, here in Hyde Patk, and In America, for that matter, how much the name of

SECOND SECTION

3 4

By S. BURTON HEATH {Lh NEA Staff ‘Writer . EW YORK, Jan. 3.—For income tax purposes, your

any deduction has been made. | You must report the gross

out social security and income taxes, union dues, hos-

|ment, pension contribution, or If you file Form 1040 you can deduct any necessary and customary expenses that you paid your self, without reimbursement, in earning your living. . » EXPENSES - of away from home can be deducted even though you use the tax table; other business expenses, whether contracted while at home or away, must “be claimed as miscellaneous deductions, and are lost if you use the table. vik “If you file ‘Form -W~2 you: can not claim any of these. The “wage or salary” item includes all personal service income

Not only cash, but goods, services, food, lodging or anything of value. »

o.» THE BEST way to start prepar-

called “dividends” insurance: companies and “patronage dividends” from co-operative organizations and the like are not actually dividends; they are merely

1946 INCOME TAX PRIMER (Thi

“How fo

wages are measured before!re, before your employer!"

pital insurance, bond allot-|.

traveling while

rd of # series) —_

THURSDAY, JANUARY 3, 1046 =

]

using wy own car,

at 28%, amounted to $310.

State tax on

: The following expenses

List Your

During the year I did some

t f12 1948. Tia ar Span ize Perere 12, wiles on bus 2,398 miles in personal use, se I have alloca sosts to business use. . /

separately. Por bu pEaotine nw 0 ! . a | ad ine charged below.

ros =

{ation for the your iness and ted 84% of Joins

’

traveling for wy ewploger,

is charged

5 use # included in the cost of the

were for businesst

toward expenses. Here is how he

ting a medical expense deduction ( also causes him to lose the benefit to walve use of the tax table.

‘back deposits and bonds.

presumably will lower later.

“John Doe travels for his employer, whe allows him $15 a week

his Form 1040 return, the $393.63 of business expenses that he is deducting from gross salary in item 2, page 1. Doe also spent $278.50 entertaining customers, $12 for trade magazines, and $60 for year-around garage (of which 84 per cent is chargeable against income). He ean charge these off, but not against his salary. They must be taken as miscellane-~.. ous deductions on page 3. That technically reduces his chance of get-

the refund of over-payments made .|by you,

. » » ~ INTEREST includes Interest actually received on loans, notes, public utility deposits, and also that are credited to. you-—whether or not you have collected it—on

On your war bonds you have a choice between reporting for taxation, each year, the increases in value shown in the table printed from | on each bond, or waiting until you cash a bond and then reporting the entire profit for taxation. Taxes

It is quite a job to figure the

explains, in a schedule attached to

and cuts its amount, if he does); and of the deduction unless he is willing

profit on each war bond “once a year. The easiest way is to wait until you cash in, before paying the tax. » » » THE QUESTION whether husband and wife are living together has lost most of its income tax sig-, nificance. So long as a man and a woman -are legally married, they jcan fille a joint return even though they are permanently separated, and unless the wife files a separate return the husband must include her income with his in a joint return, But if they are filing individual returns, they must get together long

|there is another $500 ‘exemption for

$500 makes the dependent useless

s Incomel|

enough to agree whether they will itemize deductions or will use the

table or take the standard deduc-| ~~ By

. . . u If either insists upon itemizing,

the other is forced to do likewise, |

-- » ~ THERE is a $500 personal éxemption for you. If your wife has no

meome, or if you file a joint return,

her.

Lation on automobile (84f) | $960.40 _ |get the $500 exemption even Sascline (84%) 124.58 somebody else—her father, borin Repadr } * supported her; and he ‘Garage font on rest on 7:5 cannot claim her as a dependent, Hota. Me. But if her father or somebody else ‘ , did support her, and she. does not|. id Big Bp a sign your return, he can claim her soba : Rivne as his dependent and get the $500 Expenditures personal exemption, which then Reimbursed by Raployer will be denied to you. Paid by me ¢ 303.08 oon ;

emption for each legal dependent. *A legal dependent is a “close| relative,” regardless of age or the reason for dependency, who had less than $500 of taxable income in 1945-and- to whose ‘support: you von: iributed more than half in money. A “close relative” is defined by law as a natural or adopted or step-{ child or the descendant of such a child; a natural or foster parent or the ancestor of such a parent; a step-parent or a parent-in-law; a full, half, foster or step-brother or sister, or one ~in~law; a blood upcle, aunt, niece or nephew but not one ~in-law, i ¥ » . A DEPENDENT’S income, under $500, need not be reported. Over|

as a personal exemption, even though you contributed many times as much to his support as he had| from other sources.

NEXT—How to File W-2as a Tax Return.

Times Foreign

his memoirs in Switzerland. He says the bomb attempt on the fuehrer’'s life on July 20, 1944, was only the : last tragic episode .inh a series of con-

Opposition to Hitler began to form in high places after the 1934 blood purge. Dissatisfied generals and civilians of the administra-

Mr. Morgan tion moved in and out of the con-

spiracy. It did not really gather momentum, however, until after Field Marshal Werner von Blomberg and Col: Gen. Werner Fritsch left the army in unsavory disgrace in, 1038.

» " . THROUGH an impressive mem-

| orandum, Gisevius relates that no f

less than a dozen times in the eventful years after Munich, circumstances appeared - ripe ' ‘to | achieve Hitler's downfall. : But no combination ‘ever quite clicked. Hitler seemed to wear luck around his neck like a charm. The _ plotters could never quite agree on putsch technique, or they guessed wrong. Or somebody got cold feet. Or a bomb in a briefcase failed to explode. » ” » THE FIRST of two hooks by i Gisevius, ‘telling the inside story of nazism will be published in Switzerland on Jan. 15. Their author was kicked out of the gestapo three months after he got in because the Nazis did not trust him. Later he worked for the ministry of ‘the interior. He gradually fell in with a group composed of Col. Gen. Ludwig Beck, once chief of the army general staff; Hans Oster, one of the army intelligence chiefs; criminologist Arthur Nebe; Col. Gen. Count Claus won Stauffenberg; Dr. Karl Goerdeler, former oberbuergermeister of Leipzig, and | others. who figured in the resistance against Hitler.

GISEVIUS will probably testify at Nuernberg in defense of Dr. Hjalmar Schacht, former minister of finance. * Gisevius believes that the opposition missed its greatest chance fo revolt in September 1938. Gen. Franz Halder, Beck's successor as chief of the general staff, | ‘had agreed to back the putsch the minute Hitler suffered his first political defeat.

THE CZECH crisis looked like it. The German people were restive under Hitler's war-mongering. _ The ~ fuehrer, apparently, had ‘overplayed his hand by twice snubbing England's officers. The generals were hoping that the western powers would coldly reject his demands. 7 Then Berlin tapped a telephone call by the Czeth minister in London to Prague revealing the doubts and quarrels in Whitehall,

+10 get rid of the fuehrer.

Correspondent

URICH, Switzerland, Jan. 3~This is a story about a series of littleknown plots to overthrow Adolf Hitler, It is based on information revealed by one of the few surviving July conspirators, Dr. Hans Bernd Gisevius. He witness at the Nuernberg war crimes trial. This 41-year-old former member of the gestapo now is quietly writing

may prove to be the star

Inside Story of The Plots Against Hitler

By EDWARD P. MORGAN

tion of power in Berlin by the Berlin garrison. This proposal drew some real sympathy from the generals.

r ". . PARTLY by the conspirators’ calculation, part of Germany's attack plans fell into Belgian hands,

in March

and afraid did nothing.

was ready to try a putsch. After ordering an attack on Poland for Aug. 24 and then cancelling it three hours later, ‘Hitler had a

agdin and again the opportunity was lost.

¥ » - ON NOV. 8 a bomb expiodéd in the Burgerbraukeller ‘in Munich just after Hitler had finished making a speech. ; 2 It was traced to a Communist,

acting independently-—but it threw the real conspiracy ring into conusion.

Party. circles secretly speculated that gestapo chief Heinrich Himmler, himself, had planted the bomb

This "inspired Gisevius to argue for the putsch under the pretext that Hitler should be taken into custody by the wehrmacht to “protect” him from party extremists. This got nowhere. * » - . THE OPPOSITION thought the time had comé again to act in February 1940, when Hitler revealed to his. generals his plan to attack Norway, and a bitter controversy developed. However, Hitler formed his own general staff then in defiance of Halder and Col. Gen. Walther von Brauchitsch and a few weeks later Norway fell. In April, the plotters decided they would try to persuade western front commanders to refuse to follow orders for an attack on. neutral Holland and Belgium. Thereby they hoped to create a crisis which would serve as an excuse for the assump-

Then came Munich, drenching

bound therin an indisoluble union, can spell security for all. But with division and war they can

» i nx

1939, the putschists laid their plans, Gisevius

But they were again disillusioned to act when those powers

The third occasion came in August, Halder again alleged that he

nervous collapse. Halder hesitated,

‘when a German courier plane was forced down in Belgium. But the warning was not taken seriously. The night before the attatk on Holland, a Dutch military attache found it out and in panic telephoned The Hague over a Germancontrolled wire. But his superiors would not believe it. Hitler won the West and returned to Berlin in triumph. The conspirators felt “like imbeciles,” Gisevius said.

” “ » IN FEBRUARY, 1941, resistance in high quarters rose again when Hitler informed the general’ staff that. he intended to attack Russia, according to Gisevius,

commands. This would be the cue for Field: Marshal Gen. Erwin von Wizleben —commanding an army group in the West—to anndunce that under the circumstances he could no longer recognize Hitler as military commander in chief. Beck, supported by reliable troops, would then occupy Berlin.

88 8 THIS ALL fell through when Gen. Field Marshal Priedrich von Paulos, commander at Stalingrad, allowed Hitler to talk him into ¢ontinuing hopeless resistance. The Tunis surrender heightened the opposition’s hopes—only to dash them again when the allies delayed the invasion of Sicily until after its fortifications had been substantially strengthened. : Now, as the story goes, the -conspirators turned to more direct action and decided to try to assassinate Hitler. Hans Oster had the army intelligence procure explosives. were sent to the Eastern front -os-

up bunkers in case of a retreat.

» » ~ GEN, vox TRESKOW and his brother\in-law, a Pomeranian landowner named Von Schlaberndorf, volunteered to make the attempt. It was to -be staged during one of Hitler's inspection visits. They tested the explosives 33

" |times without one failure. !

Meanwhile, Von Schlaberndorff had been made the fuehrer's per sonal bodyguard for the tour. Things began to go wrong when Hitler stayed at the front for only two hours instead of an intended three days. However, Von Schlaberndorft managed to-smuggle a bomb in a briefcase into Hitler's plane. Some hours later he was stunned

.|%o learn that the plane had landed safely at Hitler's headquarters, bomb

The mechanism had failed —as Von Schlaberndorff learned a few days afterward. . He boldly inquired for his “misplaced” briefcase

; and. got it back unopened.

~ FS Rd ; a ‘TWO CRISES then gripped the

| conspirators , successively.

Himpler—jealous and suspicious of army intelligence and its

chigf, Adm. Walter. Wilhelm Canaris—-

| succeeded in forcing Oster out of | the service. And on

insist-

Hitler - in. unexpected success ' | ‘engulfing the epson. ty on

mn Cd

Hitler's

the western powers. No satisfactory’ contact was made with the latter. But once in Stockholm Zusolz made] connections «with = the “Freies Deutschland” committee through— according to Gisevius' information

for Germany. ‘

sion of France, tension mounted between -backers of an eastern and western solution within the conspiracy. This controversy could not be settled and it became urgently apparent that another attempt against Hitler was the only out.

false papers on July 11, 1944. The assassination was first planned for July 12 in Hitler's high headquarters.

Himmler and Reichsmarshal Hermann ‘Goering at the same time.

present, the assassination date was postponed until July 16.

These

tensibly to experiment in blowing

Gisevius, then in Zurich, was secretly warned not to leave his consular post.. So Oster and Gisevius, two key men, were eliminated from the inner circle of the conspiracy. The conspirators did succeed in smuggling a Col. Hansen, & sympathizer, into the reorganized secret service... And now Von Stauffenberg, a promising young officer until wounded in Tunis, became the most active conspirator.

HERE a second crisis developed, Von Stauffenberg and others, in¢luding an Oxford-educated foreign office attache named Trott Zusolz, became interested in contacting the Russians. Gen. Beck wanted to play with

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After the successful allied inva-

nnn; : GISEVIUS returned to Berlin on

The conspirators hoped to get When the two leaders were not

The bomb was finally planted in the fuehrer's headquarters in East Prussia on-July 20. But the blast went upward through the light roof of the bar racks. The conspiracy, not the three Nazi leaders,<blew up with it.

Augustin Heads Oriental Lodge

WILLIAM A. AUGUSTIN will be installed worshipful master of the Oriental lodge 500, F. & A. M. at 8 p. m. Saturday jn the temple at Central ave. and-22d st. : A. Marshall Springer, past master of the organization, will be installing officer, assisted by August J. Siel~ off, acting chaplain. Other officers fo be installed are Alvin ©, Johnson, . senior warden; Max White, junior warden; W. Earl Gentry, treas- Wm. A. .urer; Frank G. A Laird, secretary; ue ustin fe E. H. McCaffery; senior deacon; C. William , Junior dea~ con; John Newlin, chaplain; William Braun, senior steward; Martin L. Anderson, junior steward; Culver 8. E. Myers,

» *

shortly.

tiful?

But the Scuérals HA Dien) Moved He k a bon Fi ponte pom 0 now tha op- 'segmen opinio I soft—and oe AN ATTEMPT was going to be Sh ot Mino, the Stalingrad stalemate, late in|Madp to open the Eastern front and| _, Go "0 gn be UF 1942, did the conspiracy wax hot |let the Russians march in—bringing| Jan. 14, with first again. .. an “eastern solution” to the con- from figures. involved The plan was that several Eastérn | Spirators’ cause. | “large Tabor front army groups would declare] The Von Stauffenberg crowd was 4 the situation so impossible that fondling the ides of '% Soviet-backed : " they could obey no more of Hitler's Proletariat revolution as the answer We, the W

Housework May Be Glamorized | By Scientists

» :

than silk. Scien say 80.” .s. going to take away all the glory

cialize in making women beats

Ran ; NEXT we'll hear that over a hot stove all day will be hailed as being good for the core plexion—due to the steam, something.