Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 December 1945 — Page 15

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Musk Ox Lore

OTTAWA, Canada, Dec. 19.—Exercise “Muskox,” the Canadian army’s 3100-mile proposed jaunt through the Arctic, almost was something else. The shaggy, buffalo-like creatures from which it took its name, came within an ace of extinction before the government here imposed rigid prohibi-

most northerly game sanctuaries.

mainland. There are others in Greenland, and a handful have been transplanted to Alaska by the United States. 3 Within a century the musk ox ranged almost as broadly as the buffalo of the wesiern prairies and counted its numbers in the hundreds of thousands.

“Beat Off Wolves 4

LIKE THE buffalo, it fell victim of the trade in sult of its own good sense or stupidity.

Facing wolves or bears, musk ox herds form rough ecircies with the heavily-horned bulls in the front, and

the cows and calves inside. Animal predators have a

Aviation “1 OFTEN wonder if people ever think about the analogy between the power-producing operations of &

human body, and an internal combustion gasoline

limp, but not

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Christmas” afternoon. Donald and

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Dave ; pounds of trouble on hand. within the next few days. The lights are part of station's face-lifting program. They'll. replace old round pall brass lightifig fixtures. , . . The First United Lutheran church, 701. N. Pennsylvania st., installed a permanent light in one of its windows the Pennsylvania st. side. During the son the window will An electric time clock con off of the light. The window the Good Shepherd, was given by Miss Lottie Heim. The light the year but the time it is on will vary with the seasons. Educated Santa Claus

THE OTHER DAY Times’ Columnist Ruth Millett wrote that all stores should send their Santa Clauses

. to a school before they allow them to sit on Santa's

throne in Toyland. And Jack Millar of Ayres’ tells us that's exactly what Ayres’ did. Santa ‘Claus in Ayres’ Toyland on the sixth floor has his diploma from the Santa Claus school in New York. He was sent there by the store, learned .about parent and child psychology and put through an examination before he got his diploma. . . . Youngsters at school 25 were to entertain their parents in a “Night Before in the school auditorium this Runner plays Santa and Donald Susanna Johnson take the leads’ as the children who dream about Christmas. The teachers and pupils worked pretty hard to put the elaborately costumed show over.

By David M. Nichol!

, and learn their lessons early. For a man , the musk ox is like a fish in a barrel. Reliance Indians of the Thelon sanctuary the animals sacred. They could

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occasion, natives crept secretly ite hunters and slit the throats of

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| come the range cattle of the North, should the region! be developed and the species be preserved, which now possible, . Unlike the caribou, it does not move north and south with the season. Its meat is described as nutritious, like beef. Dressed, it weighs three times as much as a sheep. Wool from the animal has been used with success, and, curiously, will not shrink. Its milk is described as richer than that

lives bas a strange attraction for those who know it. An Indian, hearing of heaven from a priest, once

lied: “Tell me, now, one thing more. Is it more beautiful than the country of the musk ox in summer?

By Maj. Al Williams

Continue running an engine on a “too weak” mixturé and the valves and piston rings become. too hot and possibly become damaged or a hole is blown in the head of the piston. Eventually this engine breaks down. nk

Now--run it too fast on an overly rich mixture— fuel resolves itself

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| seconn SECTION |THE USE OF ATOM POWER IN PEACE, No. 3—

A ’ Ww. =—A new word which everyone should add to his vocabulary is the atomic “pile.” An atomic pile is literally the pile of materials from which atomic

an engine, nor even the boiler of an engine. It is a pile of maso constructed that an

gines. It can now be revealed that several experimental piles for power production are being built by the Manhattan district of the U. 8. army corps of engineers. Detailed news about them is still restricted, howéver, pending decision by congress on how atomic energy for peace-time uses shall be. controlled. . » . 4 THE KEY to all peace-time uses of atomic energy for power produce tion is the pile, so you have to understand it, first and foremost. The first experimental pile was built at Columbua university, New York City, in July, 1941. Actually it was built and rebuilt many times. It was a graphite cube affair, about eight feet on a side. The second experimental pile was built in a squash court under the stands at the west end of Stagg field, University of Chicago, in the fall of 1942. It was shaped like a big doorknob.

” » » THESE two models were used for preliminary tests that determined the design of later working models. They were operated at from only one-half to 200 watts of heat energy capacity. The first pilot plant pile was built by the Clinton Engineer Works at Oak Ridge, Tenn. It was built to operate at 2000 kilowatt capacity and was put into operation in November, 1943. ' The Clinton pilot pile in turn served as a model for the huge Hanford Engineer Works pile built on the wesi side of the Columbia river near Pasco, Wash, . . . THE FIRST Hanford pile was completed in September, 1044, secund and third units being put in operation later in 1044 and early in 1945. Their capacity has never been disclosed, but it was many times that of the Clinton pilot plant model. ; The primary purpose of these piles, in atomic bomb . production, was not to generate power but to make the metal plutonium from It was like burning coal to make coke. Generation of the heat was incidental—a by-product—a nui.

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energy is released. It isn't exactly |

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1945

pray

This diagram, showing how plutonium is made fr Energy,” copyrighted by McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.

PAE "BURNS’ U235 TO GENERATE HEAT AND PLUTONUM CARBON

How the atomic pile g

IN THE Hanford plutonium piles an elaborate cooling system had to be devised to take off the tremendous amounts of heat that were generated. So the Columbia river— or part of it, at any rate—was diverted and rushed through the piles at terrific speed. The water stayed in the pile for only a fraction of a second but even so, the Columbia river was actually heated. Cooling basins had to be built to let the water get back to a lower temperature before it was returned to the river bed. This will give you a faint idea of how much heat energy can be obtained from one of these atomic pile chain reactions. - #w » ANY engine—steam or gasoline —1is simply+a device for changing heat into powsr. You burn coal in

sance that had to be disposed of.

Hiller Foe of |

By EDWARD Times Poreign NUERNBERG, Dec. 19.~One of

P. MORGAN Cor

rrespondent history's little known’ facts is that

thie” Prussian police” administration; in a confidential report in 1030,

most pregnant pieces of advice ever is assisting in the prosecution of 21 of der fuehrer's surviving satellites as arch war criminals, | It was Dr. Rob- % ert Maximilian Wasilli Kempner

tion of the war conspiracy case against the individual defendants, which - will be. reached soon after the holiday recess, :

~ . . KEMPNER, whose mother was a famous bacteriologist, who taught

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recommended the arrest of Adolf Hitler for high : pression pf the Nazi party as an organization too much gas and too little sir—and the mixture|.

both in Philadelphia and Chicago incidentally, is part of the prose-

nearly 50 years ago, fled from the Reich in 1935 after his release from! “Columbiahaus” concentration camp in Berlin. i He was fired from the police ad-| ministration. when the Nazis took, over in 1933 and Hermann Goering |

did not try but he reduced their D a minimum by atto private legal cases which kept him a good deal outside of Germany. 3 {

Jacob's sources. He was held in

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THE endocrine glands secretions directly into the blood as

generates heat and makes plutonium is shown in this diagram, copyrighted by McGraw-Hill Publishing Ce.

This steam would then be piped to an engine or turbine, which would be used to generate elec

~ . » OF COURSE, it isn't so simple when you get inside the pile and see- what makes it get hot and go. I

Keeping the explanation as simple as possible, it may be said

fum—the stuff whose atoms will “split” or give off neutrons that will bombard - other

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trons travel too fast. They have tn be slowed down.‘That's where the

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hostile to the German state. | yg

By a rare twist of poetic justice, the author of this report—one of the | ingy himself fgnored by any government—today| guess,” Kempner recalled today,

pour their It 18 enlarged, but

grilled by Heydrich, then head of the gestapo, who was later assassinated in Czechoslovakia,

survived Heydrich's questionand then Heydrich. 1

The order for his summary arrest,

cutor’s evidence in the concentra jon. camp phase of the Nuern!

» . » AFTER his release, Kempner and ! Is wife flew to Ttaly. He taught ls political science there and in Nice, Later, he decided to go to the| - U. 8 and ‘arrived In New York, | happily enough, on Sept. 1, 1939. He became instructor on government administration at the Univer-

rty or when proof .is usually

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Columblahaus for two months and KEMPNER'S Prussian police res Reinhard

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om uranium, is from “The Atom, New Source of

speed. They are slowed down by the graphite--the moderator.

s\n » THESE neutrons are uncharged particles about one ten-thousandth the size of the atom. The neutrons

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1948, by diana Chicago Daily i,

THE DOCTOR SAYS: Science Adds Endocrine Knowledge

Glands Exercise Control of Life By WILLIAM A. O'BRIEN, M. D, [it persists beyond pube tion of it can be removed: if a

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Now ls Time ~~ To Dust Off

Resolutions