Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 October 1945 — Page 10

he ‘Indianapolis Times

PAGE 10 Tuesday, Oct. 30, 1045

‘ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE = HENRY W. MANZ President Editor . Business Manager

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EP» RILEY 551

Give Light and the People Will Find Thelr Own Way

WHY EUROPE STARVES

JFOREIGN MINISTER BEVIN’S warning—that the relief situation in Europe is getting worse—is timely. Unless | war-broken Europe gets food soon the results will be more devastating than destruction by atom bombs, he told ¢ccmmons. He looks to congressional appropriation of funds already authorized for U. N. R. R. A. to save that organization and its relief program. But the main problem is inter- ' national politics and allied disputes, according to the foreign minister, : : It will surprise many persons that a labor leader so . far left that he has often been called a Red, puts the finger i on Russia for much of Europe's suffering. In explaining the artificial barriers to a solution of the relief and rehabilitation problem, Mr. Bevin stresses three: » One is failure to make full use of Europe's inland . waterways, more essential than ever as transport arteries | because of the destruction and shortage of rail facilities. e. President Truman's proposal for joint administration was E blocked by Moscow, Mr. Bevin comments that these channels of relief and trade could be opened “without endangering Russia one iota” if the factors of “strategy and spheres of influence” could be eliminated. Another barrier is Russia's failure to co-operate in an overall plan for the Danubian basin of eastern and central Europe. Moreover, her puppet Yugoslav government keeps about half a million men in the army instead of sending * them back to their farms to produce food. : At the same time the problem of feeding Germany is intensified by the Russian policy of sending millions of displaced German women and children into the western allied zones while keeping German men to work in Russia. " London and Washington cannot even find out form Moscow how many German workers are held for labor in Russia. Reasonable persons will agree with Mr. Bevin that the allies—“Whatever we have to settle in regard to future relations” —should join in preventing “the ordinary man and woman, who were not parties to the quarrel, from sufering or starving.”

CHINA'S CIVIL WAR : THE lowdown on the undeclared civil war in China is given in the story on page one by Parker La Moore, who recently returned from an official position in Chungking. He reports that the present fighting is not yet an all-out affair, but similar to past guerrilla warfare hitherto ‘muted by censorship. “Actually, both in the (unity) conferences in Chungking and in the border clashes between the rival armies, the two factions are sparring for position and trading material,” he reports. “Power and the perquisites of office are at stake.” . Sparring for such purposes is very dangerous business in the present state of the world, and particularly of the . Far East. It can easily get out of control of generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and of the Communist chief, Mao Tze-tung. - Neither has complete control over sundry war lords and ‘ generals nominally under them. : China after long years of bleeding must have peace. There will be very little left to fight over if the Chungking negotiations fail, and ti.e Reds take the suicidal course of full civil war. How the Communists can expect to profit from such a conflict, much less win it, is beyond us. For Chiang Kai-shek has the guns. When Russia signed the hands-off pact of friendship with Chiang, the China Reds presumably lost their last chance of outside military aid. Perhaps if Moscow would now remind Mao of that fact, the China unity negotiations would succeed before civil war really gets out of hand.

~ JUST THAT SIMPLE? THIS is written in Washington, the capital of the nation, and the financial arsenal of the world, There was delivered to our Washington office today a letter from a United States senator, . It was an argument against tax reduction. It pointed to vast and forthcoming loans abroad and big victory bond issues at home, Billions! The letter was delivered not by mail, not by frank, not by foot, but by a “riding page.” We don’t know what pay a riding page gets. But we feel sure that there must be cheaper means of transportation, If we must have riding pages we must have appropriations to maintain for the senators the service te which they have become accustomed. And-—this is the real point—we may be sure whatever Is appropriated will be spent, whether on riding pages, or ‘what have you, It's the way of all flesh, The only real § method of cutting expenses is not to appropriate. The [tax question may be-just that simple,

fishing Co, 214 W. Maryland st. Postal Zone 9. | Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspa~ per Alliance, NEA Servbi jce, and Audit Bureau of ~ Circulations.

GREECE NEEDS HELP “REECE is a small country, far away. In the midst of bigger world events, the fifth anniversary of her heroic stand against the fascist ultimatum has passed almost unnoticed, ; Perhaps sentiment does not matter much. But relief for Greece in her present terrible extremity does matter a great deal, Despite such help as has reached that country through UNRRA, two-thirds of a million there are still homeless ‘and five million lack the tools for working the land on which life depends, Even former enemy countries in that area arg better off in many ways than this ally, Neither international disputes, nor internal political quarrels, nor organizational red tape should prevent Greece from receiving the aid she has earned in sacrifice for the ommon victory and peace,

EW AMBITION ; : RS, TRUMAN wearied of having secret service men 't her to Spanish classes, 80 now the class meets ite Ho That's another reason why every

ty, 5 cents a copy; deliv= |’

REFLECTIONS— Jittery Japs By Sidney B. Whipple

TOKYO, Oct, 30—For the great. er part of his adult life, Joseph Apcar, an Armenian, has lived in Kobe with his family, a respectable, wellliked businessman on excellent terms with the Japanese, In addition to being a member of several business associations, he was interested in Masonry. He was one of the few persons in Japan “to hold the 33d degree. "After the attack on Pear! Harbor, the notorious Jap secret police came to his home and took him to a cell, Then they went to the Masonic temple, broke open the safe, looted its contents, seized all the regalia, and hauled it in a truck to a large department store, where for weeks it was displayed as an example of foreign deviltry, :

Wanted Confirmation

THE JAPANESE had decided that Masonry was a secret and militant society aimed at overthrowing the ‘empire. They had also decided to beat the confirmation of that out of Joseph Apcar. His cell was unheated and without furniture, His food was a handful of rice a day, He had no exercise and no toilet facilities in his cell, At odd hours of the night his jailers would drag him out of the cell for questioning. The Japanese inquisitor seemed te have a fixed idea that if he asked the same questions over and over again, hour after hour, with an occasional beating, eventually the victim would confess. What they wanted to prove by Apcar was that the Masons were operating illegally and had concealed their existence, The questionings and the beatings failed to drag from Apcar anything’other than the repeated answer that since the police had seized all the Masonic records they had all the facts necessary to establish the innocence and legality of the order, The jailor then took him to another cell and strung him up by his wrists, his feet well off the floor, They left him there for 24 hours, during which he frequently fainted and was revived with water. He cannot remember much more about that ordeal, but some time later he was told to prepare for trial on charges of engaging in criminal practices as a Mason,

Charges Cleverly Linked

IN COURT, Apcar was confronted with a long indictment, purporting to trace the history of Masonry from the building of Solomon's temple to the present time. It cleverly linked the order with militant movements since Biblical times and concluded that it was the spearhead of an undercover movement designed to stab the Oriental races in the back. The trial consumed days, during which Apcar used a telephone directory, a building permit and a daily newspaper to prove that the government had open knowledge of, and had tacitly given its consent to, Masonic practices. Nevertheless, Apcar was found guilty and sentenced to- an indefinite term in the worst prison in Japan. There was no more torture, but the usual starvation diet prevailed. Finally, with the end of the war, he was released and permitted to rejoin his family. His exporting business at Kobe is gone, but he is regaining his health. He does, however, want to. force the Japs to restore confiscated material from thé Masonic hall, and he hopes to recover jeweled emblem that was his father's, i

WORLD AFFAIRS— : A-Bomb Ban By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Oct. 30.—~The U. 8. government, it is believed in United Nations circles, will soon propose outlawing the atomic bomb and similar weapons unless: “(1) authorized by the security council or, (2) in defense against an aggressor which used it first. In his Navy day speech, President Truman indicated he intends prompt action. As present sole custodian of the secret, he is expected to use that leverage to bring about a solution of the international problems which it has raised. Sharing the secret with the U. N. O. or the security council, or the Big Five or with the Soviet Union would solve nothing—any more than giving the other powers half of our fleet, or parceling out our air force, both the world's biggest. Possession of the most powerful bomb, therefore, is no more grounds for suspicion against us than possession of the most powerful navy,

Wage Propaganda Drive OFFICIALS here are astonished at the deluge of propaganda designed to stampede the United States into sharing the bomb secret with others, especially with Russia. As we cannot hope to keep the secret for long, it is argued, we should hasten to give it to Moscow and thug avold Soviet suspicion. In part, President Truman answered that argue ment. He sald our record in two wars speaks for itself. Alone among the great powers, we neither demanded an ineh of anybody's territory nor a penny by way of indemnity. Our sole alm in both wars was, and still remains, world peace based upon the democratic principles. Moreover, it is observed here, not one of the other 21 nations sharing this hemisphere with us either doubts or fears our intentions. And if any nation has any right to be nervous, surely it would be our smaller neighbors, Nor has Britain, France or China intimated any alarm. Why, then, should Russia? President Truman pledged mankind that America regards her might atomic bomb and all, as a sacred trust. If any nation doubts his sincerity on that, or ignores the record which bears him out, those doubts would hardly be dispelled merely because we give that nation the secret of the atomic bomb.

Opinions Uphold U.S.

A MILITARY attache of a European power told this writer: “If you presented the bomb's blueprints to Moscow today, it would change nothing. If the Russians suspect you now, they would go on suspecting you, They would suspect you of giving them obsolescent plans and retaining more effective designs for yours seit”. Said another: “Do you imagine that Russia is going to start exchanging top military secrets with you? At the height of the. war against Hitler, when the need of the. allies for each other was at its greatest, you presented Russia with thousands of planes tanks and other equipment, But when you asked permission to send army officers along to observe this equipment in action in order to iron out the bugs and improve later models, she turned you down. Yet compliance would have benefited her as much as it would you. If she did not trust her allies any more than that in war, you oan hardly expect her to trust you to a far greater extent now.” U. N, O. members regard President Truman's 12point foreign policy as the most important post-war pronouncement yet made by any statesman. If adopted by. all nations, including the rest of the Big Five, they say, such a program would solve the problem of permanent peace—and with it the question of the atomic bomb.

To The Point —

METAL toys are not expected to be plentiful this Christmas. How will dad ever get along with out that electric train? th deg te d . . . WOULDN'T it be great if all the grouches were as bad off as they think they are? . hy

$e i * PEOPLE who marry for real love seldom. do it *

HARD WORK has & habit of taking. your mind

.. " .

Hoos “THINK OF ITwTRAVEL, EDUCATION, CAREER” By Ungullible G. 1., Camp Atterbury I often wondered what the army was going to do with the psychological warfare boys now that the war is over and at last I have found the answer. During the war these guys used to drop propaganda leaflets over enemy territory, but now they have reconverted to peacetime pursuits. Witness the following placard, thousands of which are flooding the camps throughout the country: .

ENLIST IN REGULAR ARMY

TRAVEL EDUCATION CAREER ” Let us examine these possibilities:

TRAVEL: “Okay, you mugs, pack up your barracks bags, foot lockers, mattresses and full field pack; we're going on a 30-mile hike.” (15 hours later the men stagger back to camp for a well-deserved rest) “Wake up, you lasy so-and-sos, and pack all your junk. You are being transferred to Camp Bubahachie at the South Pole.”

EDUCATION: “I guess youse guys know more about this than I do, but the Old Man sez I gotta give ya a lectures on “How Many Atoms in an Adam's Apple.” This is part of the army's peacetime edtication program. Ya gotta remember, an Adam's apple ain't an ordinary apple, it's a kinda—well it's an apple that ain't an apple. Any questions?”

CAREER: “And now we inter. view. Pfc. Hugo J. Hashburner, who has spent 36 years in the army as a cook. Pfe. Hashburner, will you say a few words on your career in the army? “Yeah, stew for supper” Men, are you going to pass un these splendid opportunities? Think of it: TRAVEL, EDUCATION, CAREER,

» . ¥ “JUSTICE SHOULD BE DONE WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS” By The Watchman, Indianapolis This vital question of the Communist party's right to operate freely and legally in its known plan and purpose to undermine, sabotage and destroy the private enterprise system, political and economic freedom in the United States of America must he settled. This

{economic stability

Forum

{Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because the volume received, lettors should be limited to 250 words, Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those .of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The imes assumes no responsis bility for the return of manu. scripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

question cannot be evaded and the quicker Congress settles it the sooner we shall have peace, unity and at home, We must first set our own political and economic house in order before we are competent to teach other nations the ways of peace and domestic tranquillity, Good government begins at home. Among other things, our Constitution, by its preamble, specifically sets out certain major objectives to be accomplished; two of which were: “To insure domestic tranquillity,” and, “to promote the general welfare.”

For the last several years the government has fallen down on the job of insuring domestic tranquillity or of promoting the general welfare tp the extent that It condoned the violation of both these primary objectives of our national constitution by organized labor. Do we now have domestic tranquillity? Does the wave of strikes promote the general welfare? Congress and the President cannot safely ignore these flagrant violations of the verv spirit and purpose of the Constitution. It is the business, and the specific job of congress and the President, to “insure domestic tranquillity” and to “promote the general welfare.” Justice should be done to both workers and employers. Yes, it's just that simple. The President should establish a threeman board to study the labor management problems and hand down binding decisions. Ih times of emergency the right to strike and picket should be rescinded. Are we to have justice and falrness to both capital and labor, or are we to have radicallsm, rioting and revolution? Who is fomenting these strikes? For what purpose? Who planned it that way?

Carnival —By Dick Turner

\ “lI wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

“LET'S DO MORE PRAYING FOR COLBY AND ALL THOSE BOYS” By Mrs. A. L. ©, Indianapolis I've read the Hoosier Forum for quite a long time and have enjoyed it very much, seeing people hold their own opinions. That's what our boys have fought and died for, for generations, Now Mrs. A. A's letter has made my blood boil.

young it seemed unfair. He said, “Mom, we've got to fight for the heels as well as the good ones.” I can see what he meant now. Mrs. A. A, when the Bible said, “Thou shalt not kill” that also refers to the ones wishing to see Colby killed, too. You have sat back here in safety while Colby has gone through the horrors of war. His nerves were breaking. I believe he's repented what he did. While he endured so much, you were sitting back here on the judgment seat. Judge not, Mrs. A. A. He's depended on our prayers, while you've condemned. So you think soldiers are drunkards. Well, as for that I take it you include all services. “Let me tell you this, Mrs. A. A, my son is a sailor and sometimes when he gets homesick and down in the dumps he drinks. That doesn't make- him or the rest of our boys drunkards. Maybe you've never been several thousand miles from home, blue, disgusted and tired, and didn't have any idea of getting home. Yes, we'd like for them to go to church.: Maybe it's because there are so many like you who have condemned instead of saying, come on, soldier, let's pray, How many times when you passed one of these “drunkards” have you said, “God help him, he’s some mother's son.” A prayer in your private closet will do wonders for your hard heart and some poor, war-weary boy. So come on, Mrs. A. A, let's do more praying for Colby and all those boys who have given so much and gotten 80 little in return. ® = = “SOLDIER FATHERS SHOULD BE RELEASED” By A Dally Reader, Indianapolis I am a soldiet’s wife and I think these fathers have a right to be released as much as the single men. People forget that most of these fathers had their children before the war started, How would these mothers of these 18-year-old boys like to have to take care of their children, while their husbands were in the service. If they did they wouldn't be hollering so loud. A mother and father are part of a child's life. Would you like to live on the measly sum from the government? I doubt it very much. Why don't they release these fathers so they can give their children the kind of life that the other children have, rs Don't you think it hurts to see other men with their families. Come on you other service wives.

POLITICS —

When my boy left for service so’

®

Merger . By Charles T. Lucey

WASHINGTON, Oct, 30. — A great majority of the army’s top ! field commanders and about half the navy's top battle commanders A , of world war II favor tying all i : U. 8. land, sea and air forces ifito a single national defense department. i This became known for the first time today as details of a study on merging the armed forces, made by a special committee appointed by the joint chiefs of staff, became available to the Scripps-Howard Newspapers. The committee spent nearly a year in its studies, traveled 22,000 miles and heard more than 50 commanders in the European, Mediterranean, Pacific and Southwest Pacific theaters. Its findings are now being given to congressmen studying the project. The committee has reported receiving testimony

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favorable to the merger from Generals MacArthur “.

and Eisenhower and from Admirals Nimitz and Halsey. : There was no surprise in the attitude of the army commanders. But the positions ascribed to Admirals Nimitz and Halsey are contrary to that taken last week by Secretary of Navy Forrestal and Fleet Adm. King in testimony before the senate military affairs committee, yi ’

Views of Others Obtained

AMONG others: interviewed overseas were Gene erals Omar Bradley, Mark W. Clark, George C. Kenney, Walter Krueger, Joseph T. McNarney, Carl Spaate and Ira Eaker. Navy commanders whose views also were sought on a single defense department ine cluded Admirals R. A. Spruance, H. X. Hewitt, T. O. Kincaid, John Towers, Mark Mitscher and Cmdr. Harbld Stassen. Lt. Gen. H. M. Smith, Maj. Gen. R. B. Geiger and Maj. Gen. H. 8S, Larsen of the marine corps also were consulted. ? The special committee reported that complete ine tegration has not been possible in the field and that the armed forces are still beset by duplisations, inconsistencies, jealousies and misunderstandings. More complete unification is necessary not only for most effective operations against an enemy in the field, the committee said, but also to make more effective use of the country’s manpower and ma- . terials. These views, the committee is imderstood to have said, are supported by substantially all t6mmanders in the field. : The committee agreed, it. was understood, that both the army and navy would retail certain spe~ cialized aviation strength within their own organizations, but that major U, 8. air power would be given its own separate branch within the overall defense department; co-equal and co-ordinate with . land and sea forces. .

Marines Sfay With Navy THE MARINE corps would remain with the navy. The special committee proposed that a civilian secretary, responsible to the President, serve at the top of the armed forces, and that there be a U. 8. chiefs of staff organization on overall strategy and planning, : Components of the single service must owe allege iance and loyalty to one head to avoid « jealousies, it was insisted. The report urged that members of land, sea an air forces be trained to know capabilities and limitations of all three services. The special committee was headed by Lt. Gen. Harold L. George, chief of the air transport come

‘mand, who was joined in the majority report by

Rear Adm. M. PF. Schoeffel and Maj. Gen. William F. Tompkins. Adm. James O. Richardson, retired, dissented, but said that if merger were to come, the type suggested by the committee was favored by him,

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RECONVERSION—

Union Brains; By Thomas L. Stokes

DETROIT, Oct. 30. — The informed, smooth technique of our great mass production labor unions is illustrated in the method of Walter P. Reuther, vice president of A C. I. Os automobile workers union, in carrying on his case for wage increases with General Motors. Putting aside the young man’s overweening ambition and the fact that he is a leader of a wild young union, he is a clever and skillful operator, His touch of the demagogue is just enough to make him effec tive without hurting the cause which he represents, The automobile industry is learning that it is no longer dealing with amateurs, even though the union is comparatively new. It shows its youth in face tiona] strife and lack of ‘discipline. That plagues its own leaders and makes it hard for industrial managers to find exactly where they are. But this under-surface trouble does not show when one of its aggressive young leaders, such as Walter Reuther sits down at the table with management, surrounded by his own staft of experts with brief cases full of facts and figures. They have made it their business to know as much as they can about the business of the industry, There is plenty of grey matter in their heads. *

Making Case With Public

THEY PUT much emphasis on reaching the pubs lic with their case, recognizing this as a very important principle in collective bargaining. Mr. Reuther has gone tp great trouble in the current controversy to stress the public interest in his battle for higher wages, He quotes his own research staff as well as recognized authorities to make his points. It is the impression of this observer after a few days here that Mr. Reuther got the jump on General Motors and out-maneuvered them in making a case with the public. This, it. might ‘be said, is also the impression of some managers ‘and’ industrial rela tions experts here outside of the automobile industry, who are continual kibitzers on such performances. For days and days the newspapers were full of “Reuther says” and “Reuther charges” and “Reuther tells the senators,” with nothing neafly so breezy or spicy or even downright informative from the General Motors camp; in fact, virtually nothing at all, At the outset Mr. Reuther resorted to an old trick, but always a good one. He advised newsmen of the first negotiating session and invited them to be on / hand, When G, M. officials filed into the room, they saw a group of strange and assorted ‘sitting along the wall” They wanted to know these people were. Mr, Reuther replied! "Representatives of the press.” hoa There was an explosion from the © M.

.| gent, 80 the press was invited out.’

Kept Reporters Posted BUT THEY didn't get out of Mr. Reuther's reach.

He let them in on what was happening. Day after went

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Move | PARIS, Oct. 3( redeployment sc can divisions | theater:

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