Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 October 1945 — Page 6

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and fry to get some positive action to help them.

© get UNRRA, the big international enough funds and enough supplies to tive. So far it has not been very lack of money, + food supplies, or from international elements seem to enter the picture. quick action now is imperative,

Saturday, Oct. 13; 1945

WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ Editor 1 Business Manager (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

Owned and published daily (except Sunday). by Indianapolis Times Publishing Co. 214 W. Mary» land st. Postal Zone 9.

Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspas per Alliance, NEA Serve joe, and Audit Bureau-of Circulations,

PAGE 6 ROY W. HOWARD . President $s Price in Marion County, 8 cents a copy; deliv-

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Mill rates in Indiana, $5 a year; all other states,

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EP © RILEY 5551

Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

CONFIRM BRADEN NOW! ELAY in confirmation of Spruille Braden as assistant secretary of state for Latin American affairs is having a bad effect on hemisphere policy. It causes Latin Americans to question whether the anti-Fascist attitude of Mr. Braden, while our ambassador in‘Buenos Aires, represented only himself or United States public opinion and official policy. : Such a question seems absurd in this country. But it ig inevitable under the circumstances that Mr, Braden should have become a kind of symbol to Latin Americans, and therefore that uncertainty over his confirmation is interpreted there as uncertainty in United States policy. This has given new hope to the Argentine dictators. It has caused consternation among the leaders of the demiocratic Argentine majority which has taken such punishment at the hands of the totalitarians, Reliable reports from Buenos Aires and elsewhere show that the hemisphere

security policy is being jeopardized as a result. ”

» ” o » - . PPARENTLY: neither the state department nor the senate foreign relations committee ig sufficiently aware of the dangers involved, The senate committee has passed it over without action for the third week, And the state department has done

‘mess, no reconvérsion troubles, no petty controversies

[REFLECTIONS — : Atom Dust

By Frank Ford = i

THE CRACKER-BOX philosopher, exercising his inalienable right to free speech down at the store, is a familiar small-town figure. ‘ He's up on all the problems and full of sage advice to the government. His wife takes in washings, he being too preoccupied with world affairs to support his family, As a nation we tend lately to emulate the cracharbox philosopher, Our fancy has been caught by visions of the ulti mate catastrophe. Our important folk including many statesmen and scientists, struggle for a chance to tell: what they see in the crystal ball, We're all going up In a puff of dust, that's what, One minute we'll be here and the next minute some undemocratic warmonger touches a button “I know there's nothing in the house for supper, but don’t bother me; I'm doping out what to do about this here atomic bomb.”

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Figured Own Fireworks

OUT ON the West coast a clergyman figured out his own fireworks. The Lord was going to take matters in hand, rub out a bad job and start over, The clergyman was a little off in his dates, but who can say how far off? The Lord and/or the atoms are hot on our trail There's an air of terrible immediacy about this big: blowup. One day ls as a thousand years. City slickers are beginning to sell seats for the great event, It must be admitted the prospect is somewhat inviting. When the atoms go off, for instance, all minor problems will be solved. There'll be no post-war

over jobs, hours and wages, no boundary disputes, no Communists to worry a person half out of his wits, It is almost possible to note, as the excited discussion continues, an air of slight impatience. It may be a consummation devoutly to be wished, but we'll have to wait a while. The atoms aren't quite ready. The end of everything may be delayed a small matter of a few hundred years, or a few hundred million for all we know. e

Other Pressing Problems

MEANWHILE a person who freezes or starves is just as dead as if an atom had hit him; and the

little to impress the committee with the seriousness of the situation, The cause of the delay is a feud between the senate and state department. Some senators are offended because the state department did not consult them before getting agreement of the Latin American governments to postpone the Rio security conference to prevent Argentine Fascist participation. These senators approve that policy. But they don't want to be ignored by the state department.

n ” ” ‘ . ” u ” ()BVIOUSLY there has been a breakdown of liaison. Under ordinary conditions it might be salutary for the senate committee to stand on pride. But whether one side or the other is to blame, or both, there is no excuse for inter-Washington feuding over face when major United States interests are in the balance. The issue is not whether the United States should meddle in Argentina's domestic affairs, as our enemies there charge, It is solely whether the United States and other American governments jointly insist that Argentina keep the bargain on which she was admitted to the hemisphere and United Nations organizations. On that issue there is no division in Washington, Since Mr. Braden's confirmation has become a test of that policy, in the minds of our Latin American friends and enemies, the senate foreign relations committee and the administration should co-operate in speedy action.

REPEAL SMITH-CONNALLY THE national labor relations board is so swamped with petitions for strike votes under the Smith-Connally act that it can’t keep up with its duties under the Wagner act. . Last week about 200 such petitions from unions reached the board. The weekly average during the war was about 25, . Each petition means that the board must poll the members of a union as to whether they wish to authorize a strike. The board is hiring extra employees to conduct these polls. The cost to the taxpayers of taking a single strike vote, as for instance among workers in the far-flung plants of General Motors; may run to nearly $200,000, And all this effort and expense represents sheer waste. The taking of strike votes by a government agency is a farce. It accomplishes nothing except to lend some color of government sanction to strikes. For no penalty is ever enforced against unions or union members who disregard the Smith-Connally act and strike without petitioning for an NLRB poll. The current John L. Lewis coal strike is one of many examples.

® nr oo» y "or on N THIS case, a branch of the Lewis union is seeking to organize coal-mine foremen. The question of whether the foremen shall be organized is before the NLRB, under the Wagner act. But instead of leaving that question to be decided by NLRB, members of the Lewis union simply struck—witheut petitioning for a Smith-Connally act strike vote—in an effort to force the mine owners to submit to organization of their foremen. Have John L. Lewis or the members of his union been penalized for this strike? On the contrary, they are being rewarded. Labor Secretary Schwellenbach has put In a weary week trying to persuade the mine owners to

state department.

ment among the career ‘men, held that under the Roosevelt policy we were “backing the wrong horse”

| Communists,

tions, stalemate,

process is more painfully protracted. A split atom may do a cleaner, neater job, but | industrial chaos and political romanticism may operate almost as effectively to wreck s nation or a world. It's unkind to break in on all the cosmic philiosophy, but the house is on. fire.’ Minds which can grasp and plan a final, apocalyptic explosion should have no trouble at all figuring out. a way to mine a little coal, refine a little gas, roll a few tons of steel or maybe even build a few CATS. It might even be possible to dash off these small chores quickly, then get back to those absorbing atoms. 2 Better come home now, John, and split some kindlifig, so Ma can get on with the wash.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Hurley Feud

By Parker La Moore -

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13.—The peace pact between the Chinese central government and the Chinese Communists announced in Chungking climaxes a long undercover fepd between Gen. Patrick J. Hurley, U. 8. ambassador to China, and an old “China-hand” faction among career men in the state departmegt. Gen. Hurley, who returned to the United States two weeks ago, will call at the White House today to report upon his mission to China. Gen. Hurley went to China more than a year ago under orders from President Roosevelt to prevent the collapse of the central] government, to keep China in the war, and to uphold the leadership of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek, In seeking to advance these objectives, he encountered oppesition from subordinate officers in the American embassy in Chungking, and from sympathizers of the latter group in the

This opposition, rerpesented by .a substantial ele-

in China. This group, contended that nothing could prevent the collapse of the Chiang regime. It favored supplying American arms to the Chinese

Suspected Sabotage

ONE OF Gen. Hurley's first acts in China was to visit Yenan, capita] of Red China, in an effort to bring about a reconciliation between the Chinese Communists and Chiang, This visit, last November, resulted in an exchange of views between the facbut the discussions eventually reached a

By this Lime Gen. Hurley had become convinced that the American program of unity was being sabotaged by persons in the American embassy itself, Even in the absence of any overt acts on the part of the critics in his divided household, he felt that knowledge of the sharp division of opinion within the American embassy, which was generally known in diplomatic circles in Chungking, was encouraging the Chinese Communists in the feeling that an eventual switch in American policy might be reasonably anticipated. - : He also believed that leftist writers, who were supporting the Communist cause in China, were receiving encouragement and ammunition from the “old China hands.” So Gen. Hurley purged the staff of persons not in sympathy with his policies in carrying out the presidential instructions.

Paid Visit to Stalin THEN, BEFORE resuming efforts toward a unifi-

appease Lewis so that he will consent to order the miners back to work. The NLRB has plenty of Wagner act duties. It should | be freed from the burden of taking strike votes that are ! worse than useless. Congress should repeal the Smith-Connally-act to clear the way for better legislation.

HUNGRY PEOPLE DON'T MAKE PEACE HERE are a hundred million Peeple in Europe who face the coming winter with the prospect that they will have about as much to eat as the Japs fed American soldiers in their prison camps. That isn't very much. Unless they get some help some millions of them will starve, And all of them will suffer, + The Indianapolis Church Federation is asking the | clergymen of this city to call special attention to their | plight, tomorrow, either in their sermons or in other w

ays, Their first step, quite naturally, is an undertaking to relief organization, make its plans effecot effective, whether from or from lack of shipping or lack of actual mistrust—and all four as Whatever the reason, u p e first blasts of winter —the hardest winter Europe evei' faced—are already creepup flowh aut of Scandinavia. Aud a continent of starving

| cation of the armed forces of China, he went to

Moscow to see Marshal Stalin. There he was assured that the Chinese Communist party was not an instrumentality of the Russian government, and also, that the Soviets desired closer relations with- the Chiang Kai-Shek regime, These assurances subse quently were implemented by the Russia-China amity pact, recently signed in Moscow and Chungking, After Gen, Hurley returned to China, Generalissimp Chiang invited Mao Tse-Tung, head of the Communists, to visit him in Chungking to discuss a unification program. The two Chinese leaders had not met in more than 20 years of intermittent feuding. Mao at first declined the invitation, then offered to send a representative. Chiang, however, held that the two leaders should meet and he renewed his invitation to Mao. The latter finally agreed to go to Chungking after Ambassador Hurley had offered to come to Yenan and accompany him to Chungking. Gen. Hurley went to Yenan and returned with the Red leader and his staff Aug. 28. Subsequently, upon the invitation of both parties, he attended a number of their meetings. A roygh draft of the agreement announced yesterday was written in the ambassador's hbuse in Chungking his departure for the United States.

“DEEP DRAIN MADE ON OUR NATURAL RESOURCES”

impression that during the war we have experienced an era of prosperity. that individuals and corporations have amassed tremendous profits and surpluses. These notions spring from three facts, high wartime employment, increased bank deposits and currency, and accumulation of a large holding of government securities,

we find a deep drain has been made on our sources, coal, oil, lumber, iron ore| and many other substances. | ings have not had proper painting| and repairs, worn out. Farm machinery has in a large measure broken down. Soil] has been depleted. Factory peace- mq Dec. 1941. time tools have become rusty and End May 1945. obsolete. ferior clothing.

production for three and one-half : years has been of goods that have End Dec. 1941...... 3,700 Millions Profited during the war are those no peacetime value. Another large End May 1945...... 8700 Millions Who received an undue share of proportion of our production has been of goods currently consumed. A staggering national debt has been! created and local governments are lanning increased taxes to restore Ba thelr plants. All these things indi-| 1213, Willions from December 31,1,,,);, opt, cate that we, as a nation, may have

wealth during this period. In fact) 162200 million dollars, (page 795). I do not see how one can doubt it.

It is the apparent increase in wealth |y.r had but one principal source, |® Worthy cause; but let us face the reflected by increase in money sup- |

bonds.

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Hoosier Forum

1 AL a HARNESS

“1 wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

(Times readers are invited |of the United States was 258,682 to express their views in [millions (Page 809). Consult your these columns, religious con- [daily paper for the current governtroversies excluded. Because mes qo, During he Neel year . ending June 30, , the govern3F Jo welume ol colved; bn ment collected income taxes in the words, Letters mus be sum of 35,062 millions, Page 811.

. xd : The amount of income taxes colsigned. Opinions set forth |iected is between 1/7 and 1/8 of the here are those of the writers, |government debt on June 30, 1945. and publication in no way [Assuming that the taxes paid during implies agreement with those [the year ending June 30, 1945, are opinions nN The Times. The [continued proportionately, it can Times assumes no responsi-

be said that each individual and bility for the return of manu- corporation in setting up a statescripts and cannot enter cor-

ment of assets and liabilities on the respondence regarding them.)

By Miltop W. Mangus, 507 Buckingham dr. There seems to be a widespread

It is frequently asserted

average should equitably include as a liability an amount of the public debt equal to 7 to 8 times the income taxes paid during the year ending June 30, 1945. In other words, Federal Reserve Banks on the average if an individual paid Rg 1s $1000 income taxes his liability on Buld: |p May 1045...... 20954 Millions 36c0uRt of the government debt is : . , oe | $7,000,000 to $8,000,000, If a corpora- : tion paid $10,000,000 income taxes, «+ 18,700 Miliicns its liability on the average would be 1$70,000,000 ;to $80,000,000. «++4s 31,788 Millions, There may, of course, be those s+ese T7400 Millions who in fact have more wealth than £ ‘at the beginning of the war. They vasssnnes 55,612 Millions | will be exceptional and contrary to Savings Banks | the general trend. Those who have

On the other side of the picture

the following holdings of govern-

| ment obligations: irreplaceable natural re-

Vehicles have almost] Increase .......

Commercial Banks

People are wearing in-|

Increase At least thirty per cent of our

—— {the savings of others invested in 5.000 Millions | government securities and of the {inflated money supply and- those or a total increase In the three| yy, wij not bear » fair proportion {classes of banking institutions of of the burden of payment of the Each year as govern-

| Seventh War Loan the money sup- ment . Inde bl edness, les

| income vary, it is possible to refig- { ply by end of June 1945 increased to | ure one’s share of the national debt.

{In other words, our increase in ] We 2s 3 nation have lost wealth About the only thing to dispute|,e;.y and bank deposits during the during the war. It was spent in

Increase

EERE EER]

been getting poorer in actual

namely the purchase of government | facts and not fool ourselves. Probply and holding of government! yiioations by the banks. One wish- ably there are more hidden losses |ing to verify this as a source of than hidden profits. On the whole Let us therefore examine money |jnoreasing money supply should there was no increase of wealth supply and government indebted- | read page 539 of the June 1944 during the war to be divided. Money ness. Money supply is composed of | paderal Reserve Bulletin. {and wealth are not necessarily recurrency in circulation plus bank; yt is submitted that the increase lated to each other. We should deposits, The money supply on|in currency and bank déposits from approach the situation more truly. December 31, 1041 was 78,231 mil- purchase by banks of government | Our attitude should be to divide lion dollars and on May 31, 1945 |honds, proceeds of which were used and share the loss. was estimated as 152700 million in war, does not indicate that the | Reverting to the subject of money dollars, an increase of 74569 mil- increase of money supply in any | supply, during the bull market of lien dollars, (Page 795. In all in- way reflects an increase in wealth. 1920 our money supply was 54 bilstances where a citation is given Nor does the increase in the hold- lion dollars. Today it is almost merely by page this refers to the ings of government securities indi- (170 billions. August, 1045, Federal Reserve Bulle- |ecate an increase in national wealth,!| can we ever escape price fixing tin), It is important therefore to|call them savings or surplus if you in the face of this expansion of find the source of this increase in| please. money supply which is not remoney supply. At Page 810 is shown| On June 30, 1945, the gross debt deemable in gold? : Spending by the depositors will not reduce the money supply. It merely changes hands. It can be reduced only by reversing the proc- | | |ess that created it. Our money supply has served a useful purpose during this emer- . (gency, but it has also created a continuing emergency to threaten us during peace. Submitted in the hope that it may stimulate thought along a more realistic line and encourage a spirit of sharing a loss rather

Carnival —By Dick Turner

PEERLESS LAUNDRY

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ONE TOUCH of financial ‘good luck has s bad habit of making the whole world Kin. hd AN OHIO girl hid a, man rested for her, Naturally she was up In arms. ts . * i . I that it 1s murdered without being y Mi A " fs |

POLITICS

Congress: By Thomas L. Stokes

an equal voice in its affairs by ali} sections of the country is the s0called “seniority” rule, . Reform of congress, now widely favored cannot overlook this. Under the seniority rule committee, chairmanships fall automatically to the member who belongs to the party in power and who has served longest on that particular committee. Committee chairmen are key figures in legislatioh, They are not only influential in determining priority of bills but also in shaping their form. Sometimes they may determine whether a bill should even be considered. Designation of a chairman merely on the grounds of long tenure contributes to rigidity and conservae tism. Likewise the system restraing men of ability. But most important of all, when Democrats are in power, as they have been now for nearly 13 years in the senate and almost 15 in the house, it gives an influence to the southern members of that party ail out of proportion to their numbers and to the nume« ber of people they represent.

South Holds Posts

THE SENIORITY system favors the south because the one-party rule there makes it easier for a meme ber to stay in office and thus move to the top in come mitiees. How powerful southern influence is now in congress may be seen from a few facts. The speaker of the house, Sam Rayburn is from Texas.” The president pro tem of the senate, Ken« neth McKellar, is from Tennessee, So are the chairmen of 15 of the 33 committees In the senate, including some of the most powerful, with three other chairmanships in the hands of border state members. Nearly half of the 48 house come mittees—23 to -be specific—have chairmen who are southerners. Six other committées are headed by border state members. Southerners are chairmen of three of the four most important committees in congress on domestia matters, The other is headed by a border state meme ber. These four are the appropriations committees of each house, the house ways and means committee and the senate finance committee which handled tax and tariff legiSlatjon. A southerner, Tom Connally of Texas, is head of the important senate foreign. relations committee, Southern and border state members wield a pre« ponderant influence on the house rules committee which decides what bills go to the floor and in what order, Four southerners and two border state members hold six of the eight Democratic places on the committee. This permits a coalition with four Republican members to block administration bills, as has often occurred.

Reform Is Difficult

THE HOUSE Democratic committee on committees which hands out committee assignments for Demo crats is composed of the Democrats on the ways and means committee. Seven of the 15 are southerners, and there is one border state member. So it goes. This explaing why some change in the seniority rule is a chief concern of those who are trying to modernize congress, including the joing congressional committee which is to report soon after a long investigation, . Reforming the seniority rule is ¢ifficult because it bucks a system. Resistance is met for obvious reasons, * ' Election of chairmen by committees themselves has its drawbacks, as this would contribute to blocs and feuds. The suggestion considered most practical is te require rotation in the chairmanship every six years, which would help some. Seniority would be retained in promotion to chairman, but the practice would be modified by the six-year limitation on tenure, This may be recommendéd by the joint committee, headed by Senator LaFollette (Prog. Wis.) and Rep. Monroney (D, Okla.). Bold action is needed. Something must be. done, in the interest of congress, itseif, and of the public,

IN WASHINGTON—

Navy Plans By Charles T. Lucey

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13.—Annapolis naval ‘academy tradition which so long has dominated the navy's topside will have no such powerful role in the years ahead, according to plans being made here. A new hand is being dealt in the navy's educa tional and promotion system. They're talking about a navy with 58,000 officers from ensign to fleet admiral. But there are fewer than 14,000 Annapolis graduates in the service today, That means the navy will be bossed about three to one by non-academy men. Already there has begun large-scale promotion of reserve officers, and 49 of them soon will be elevated to flag rank—commodores or admirals. Many of those being advanced now have been desk officers who came into the navy from civilian life with special skills, but navy officials contemplate that in years ahead reservists and enlisted men moving up will be true “fighting seamen.”

Encourage Young Officers

THE MORE liberal policy has been nurtured by Secretary of the Navy Forrestal; the aim has been toward a “democratization” yet without any ane tagonism toward the Annapolis core of the naval hierarchy, ’ The idea of the navy, in the promotions now beginning, is to encourage young naval reserve ofe ficers who served well during the war to continue in the regular navy. The swing is toward youth, and most of those getting flag rank now, both regulars and reservists, are under 50. : Then, the plan is to provide vastly expanded edu

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FINSCHHAFE of more than 60 the enemy in thi fully here in th tery. The fragile, s their final restin sharp relief ag riotous in the Ww

Jungle. There are bo) at Buna, Milne

and Lae—whosé Saidor, Hollandia ~—those for who to a bitter end and New Britain brought the bod first had been | the jungle during daries of this 40 hold the bodies Islands.

Consolidate CONSOLIDA1 area began last died in battle w scattered throug) Many of the

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I CANNOT u lieved they had cedure, forms an roads. Some time ag the air lines, but facturers of autc machines (compt registers, that se thing but wam your hair-do is pens and pencil ished from the counter, It's true that | been pressing the manufacturers, | not the air lines specifications of they want, I the other hand machinery peopl perimental work: the air line ticke

Is Obsolete

AT ANY tate and pencils and ticket counter. Let's start at operation—the p velopment is a tf like a small-sized Then there is prospective trave What is your w portamt to the al air line to ca air lines are get

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