Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 September 1945 — Page 18

The Indianapolis Times

"PAGE 18 Thursday, Sept. 20, 1945

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Give Light and the Peopia Will Find Ther Own Way

MR. JUSTICE BURTON T has been the habit in recent years to catalog all supreine court appointees as either left or right—and they've mostly been left. But that will not be easy in the case

of Senator Harold H. Burton, who is considered a liberal

in the Republican party from which he is drawn, but is often labeled a conservative by critics who would rather be left than right. It should be all to the good, for a change, to have a high justice who will consider his role that of a judge, rather than a political philosopher, There are too many on that tribunal who fancy themselves second Brandeises or Holmeses, but who are pale imitations—the difference being that Brandeis and Holmes had what it takes to develop their own philosophies, and knew law besides. Mr. Burton was a popular, humanitarian mayor of Cleveland in a period of hard times. In the senate, though only a freshman mémber, he was one of the leaders who, through the Burton-Ball-Hatch-Hill resolution, laid the ghost of isolationism and lifted America’s foreign policy above partisanship. And as one of the authors of the Burton-Ball-Hatch labor bill, he challenged strong political forces in an effort to establish lawful procedures and fait dealing in management-labor relations. We trust Senators Ball and Hatch will carry forward that measure, the need for which becomes daily more apparent. If it is enacted, the first test case to reach the supreme court, we are sure, will find one more justice who will hold that no man or group is above the law.

WAGES BY THE YEAR HE public will pay a heavy penalty if Detroit and other manufacturing centers become battlefields upon which industry and labor fight out the issue of post-war wage rates. Hopes for speedy reconversion and general prosperity will wane and may vanish. And the public, caught in a bewildering cross-fire of charges and statistics, finds it difficult if not impossible to judge the merits of the current controversies, We do not know, for example, how high hourly wages could go in the automobile industry without increasing the cost of cars to the point where people cannot afford to buy them. The questions involved are too technical for ordinary citizens to understand readily or answer confidently, But we know that labor and industry are threatening to fight over the division of a post-war pie that has not yet been baked. We know that the fight, if it occurs, will delay the baking. And we know that the pie, if ever baked at all, will be poor eating unless high production and steady employment are ameny its ingredients.

ABOR'S present demands for higher "holy wages are intended to maintain wartime levels of weekly takehome pay. But hourly wages so high that employers would be impelled to raise prices, narrow markets, cut production ond employ fewer workers for fewer weekly hours would have just the Opposite effect. They would reduce weekly take-home pay. We believe that, instead of squaring off for battles in which there is grave danger that nobody can win, industry and labor should be co-operating to develop fair annual-wage systems. Workers and their families need to eat every day in the year. High weekly take-home pay means little to workers who are idle many weeks out of the 52, ~ Developing an annual-wage plan for the automobile industry would be difficult, but a successful effort would pay huge dividents to workers in steady jobs at steady paywith decent incomes assured by the year instead of uncertain weekly incomes ‘dependent on high hourly wage rates. To the industry in continuity of operation and increased efficiency. To the public in steady production and reasonable prices,

a

HOOVER ON FOREIGN LOANS ERBERT HOOVER'S warning for the United States to stop, look and listen before it goes too fast in financing the post-war world should be heeded. He speaks with double authority. As a government official during and after World War I he had a hand in the war and relief loans, and later as President he fathered the international moratorium, Ile also handled the- European relief problem before. So his experience in these matters is equal to, if not greater, than that of anyone living, Mr, Hoover points out that the net result of the defaulted war and post-war debts was that the American taxpayer held the bag, and was cursed as a shylock for his trouble. There was no lack of good intentions on the part of the United States before, and there is not now. But we have learned—or have we ?—that a lot more than good will Bnd idealistic impulse. is required to keep these financial transactions from doing more harm than good abroad and at home, Mr. Hoover, after making 12 specific suggestions, summarizes as follows: “We must help. We should use common sense. We should limit our help to what our taxpayers can afford. We should consider our own employment situation. We should limit our aid to the minimum necessary; we should limit it to the direct purpose of restoring their domestic needs through commodities; we should organize it so as to minimize the ill will over repayment. We should do it with the knowledge that we are doing it at a loss to ourselves but to aid mankind to recover from the greatest disaster of all history.” In general, it seems to us, the results will be best if gifts are limited to emergency humian relief and all other credits are on a fair but realistic business basis in which [the borrower puts up assets,

~ W

If gouiiy. certainly is speeding up on the road back. that price fo ontrol will be lifted today

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REFLECTIONS—

Odd, Isn't It?

By Victor Peterson

The words had a strangely familiar ring like some= thing you claim to remember from childhood when in reality you only know of it through family repetition, I stuttered, fumbled and finally mumbled, “one.” 1 even forgot to say please and then immediately mentally kicked myself for not latching on to two. It had been so long since I had reached into my change pocket to pay for two packs, except from “that special clerk” in the neighborhood drug store, that my mind wouldn't function. 1 walked awgy from the counter in fine fetile. Why should I buy two packs if I could, in the future, step up and get my favorite brand,

Waitress Was Happy, Too AND THEN I got to philosophizing a bit. My stomach was comfortably filled with a fine ham~ burger, one of the first the restaurant had heen able to serve in weeks, There had been chill sauce, too. ‘And the waitress had been so happy that she could put real butter on the table that she drifted around in the clouds and gave me two scoops of ice cream with my apple pie. Bhe was in love with humanity as she waited on it, table after table. She said she even laughed the night before when a patron bet her five dollars there was one more steak left in the kitchen. “Gee, I couldn't get mad,” she said, “Just think it won't be long before we can actually serve the stuff we have on the menu.” Well, she just made me feel so good I left a 30 per cent tip instead of the usual 10 per cent. That, plus the encounter with the cigaret girl, was just too much,

Bemoaned Our Hardships

MAN, AND that includes both male and female, 1s the most curious specimen of humanity ever. That statement also is enough to rule out the great Greek philosophers. All through the war we bemoaned the térrific hardships forced upon us. Then thinking a service« man would overhear or lest someone think us un= patriotic, we would add: “Course it isn't anything like the poor French, Poles” and so on all the way through the list of the United Nations. That would make us feel better, And while much has heen written of the black market and the enormous quantities of goods diverted into the infamous channel, most Americans played the game straight. But it forced us to some rather devious methods of transaction. In some ways when the supply equals the demand, it just isn't going to be so much fun to go shopping any more.

Shopping Will Lose Zest

WHEN YOU finally emerged with a pound of rather beaten up meat from the butcher shop and were welcomed with smiles from the family circle, you felt just like the teen-ager scoring the winning touchdown, Truth is you probably had to be in even better condition. Then, too, seeing as you couldn't take trips in the family car, you got quite a bang out of seeing an already wrapped package slip out from under the grocer's counter and into your shopping bag. Those soap chips, cocoanut, baking chocolate, jello and canned pineapple and fruit cup were fine to take home. But even better it signalized a personal triumph, Everyone else whiting in line at the cash register knew you had “it” , , “something.” But they played the game air, They only would

talk about you to the next door neighbor, swear they

would never “buy another thing in that store” and then proceed to do everything in their power to take the inside track. Talk about rugged Individualism, ploneer and free enterprise ,

spirit of the . + We sure had it,

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Nippon llls

By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Sept. 20, = If Japan's complete social disintegra«tion is to be avoided, Far Eastern observers warn, the whole economic structure of Nippon will have to be radically revised. Gen. MacArthur's plan to utilize the existing Tokyo setup to the extent necessary to prevent socjal collapse, disease and starvation, is widely regarded as sound, But unless the plight of the- peasant, the worker tnd the small businessman is handled with care, the masses may turn Communist instead of democratic, The Japanese empire has been reduced to her four principal islands, These total $6,000,000 acres of which less than 15,000,000 are arable, With more than 75,000,000 population, this means less than one-fifth of an acre per person. In 1036, Japan imported 122° milllon tons of rice, her main article of diet. The average, however, Is nearer 80 million tons, In addition she imports enormous quantities of millet, sugar, soy bean products and other foodstuffs. How, then, it is asked, are the Japanese to be fed without enormous imports and how are these to be paid for?

Japan Had Many Industries AND HOW are Japanese workers and small busi nessmen—-there are about 27 million of them--going to carry on? And how are they to pay the 47,000,000 rural dwellers for the products of the farms? Japan, before Pearl Harbor, had many heavy industries. Also big textile mills, pottery works and small fagtories in

THE CIGARET girl asked, “One or two packs?” }

Can’ t Gee the Forest for the Tree

Hoosier

“FORMER LEADERS GONE, BUT WORLD GOES ON”

By ©. 0. C., Indianapolis While I could not qualify as an authority on the Holy Bible, I have noticed quite often that the number seven seems to be one that has an unusual significance and the number four to be somewhat less significant. In this connection it might be noted that the war was starting on its seventh year and our own country had been in the war four years, Also the number seven might represent seven men who practically ruled the world a few years ago,

Chiang Kai-shek, Hitler, Mussolini and Tojo. The number four might represent the well known big four. Now I suppose a numetologist might prove the validity of his science by taking V-J Day, Sept. (the 9th month), 2d day, 1045 and adding 9, 2 1,9, 4 5-30, which in newspaper parlance means finis or the end, Now I wish to state quite frankly that I do not believe the above figures mean anything at all in connection with the war except that I have seen politicians, quack doctors, gentlemen of the press and radio sell the great mass of people a bad bill of goods on a far more flimsy foundation of facts. Now I suppose that the seven leaders of nations that I have mentioned were regarded by the great mass of people in their own countries a few years ago as’indispens able men. However, with the exception of Uncle Joe Stalin, they are now all out of power by death or demotion and the world still goes on and is probably a better world. I often wonder how few people realize the psychology that was used to get us into this war. First came the King and Queen of England for a visit to this country— and any American should be aller. gic to kings and queens. They were shown eating hotdogs in the most democratic manner with Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt at Hyde Park. Hundreds of other things were used to permeate the subconscious mind. Olothes were cut in military styles, martial music was played over the radio, alminum drives wre put on and the aluminum never was and could not be used. Nui sanee taxes on various items were! put on to make the public war

namely Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin

Forum

(Times readers are invited fo express their views in these columns, religious con. troversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth “here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The ~ Times assumes no responsi "bility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

tion, a league to keep America out of the war by aiding the allies was formed. England and Prance were pictured as great democratic people when as a matter of fact the Tories in theose countries helped Hitler to arm as a bulwark against Russia. Yes, we did our full share, too, to help both Germany and Japan to arm to the teeth, As to who was responsible at Pearl Harbor, I will write later if the editor will publish it,

Te “UNIFORM DIVORCE RULE WORTH A TRIAL”

By J. R. Brown, 218 E. St, Clair st. Having read several articles of late on uniform divorce, uniform custody-time, support, on equal! basis laws, etc, even where our judges, state and national representatives were challenged to editorials, meetings on same, eto, without results or reply, Now Wednesday's Times, Aug. 29, shows results of an honest judge in Chicago, where Judge Charles E. Byrne appointed a child as arbiter of spats between parents who had filed for divorce. Now parents and child are together a happy family. Our judges should eall into court all parents and children of divorce chses, past and present, get child views with juvenile court aid present. 1 also feel if a uniform law for divorce were agreed upon in ‘equal time, custody support where children involved, there would be 50 per cent less divorces and where

children got their say in court, 76 per cent. It's worth a try. But it

{must be on a retroactive basis to!

“l wholly disagree with what you gay, but will defend to the

your right to say it.”

“WHAT ABOUT THOUSANDS ALREADY OVER THERE?” By Anolhér War Mother, Indianapolis

Mrs. L. Z. says her husband has been in the service four years and has not been overseas, WHY? They were married after he went into service and she followed him from camp to camp. Were they married so he wouldn't have to go across or so she could live in an army post? She says any married man over 25, whether he has children or not, shouldn't go overseas for occupa tional army, What about the thousands already over there, and all the fathers that gave their lives that she might go around the camps with her husband? “It's time to start a family” the woman says. Well, if he’s capable of starting a family now, I don't think a year or two is going to hinder him. They're left holding the bag, she says. That's a laugh, when she’s had four years with her husband in a safe place away from bombs, diseases and the like. Now she says send youngsters 18 to 24 over there (but keep my husband here with me) or men under

125, drafted within the last year or

two. If they've been in service a year or two then why haven't they already been overseas? You see why I'm so mad is the

large numbers.

These employed many workers—at

aniong them canned and frozen barbed |

small pay, It is true, but nevertheless employed. In nddition there were literally tens of thousands of small concerns employing a single family or perhaps 10 or 20 hands, For the vast majority, a prosperous foreign trade spells the difference between subsistence and starvation. In practically’ every town and city throughout the world there used to be one or more Jap stores, selling kimonos, silks, toys, novelties, trinkets of al« most every description. These were especially come mon throughout the Orient. A considerable Japanese merchant marine connected these little shops with the home islands, The United States used to buy around $170 milllon worth of Japanese exports annually. China ‘bought more than $360 million worth. Manchuria, including Kwantung, absorbed to the value of more than $330 million: The Netherlands Indies, $35 mils

lion, and Britain's Asiatic possessions another $70 million.

Will It Be Re-established?

NOW THAT everybody is insisting on a “hard” peace, are the allies going to permit that sort of thing to continue? Is Japan's heavy industry to be re-estabe lished? And the merchant marine and the small businessman in Japan and abroad? If the answer is ves, it looks like “business as usual” in Japan. If no, then the Japanese masses—whose standard of living has always begn little higher than a bare subsistance ~are in for some very hard times. Perhaps hunger, If there is mass hunger in Japan and disease”

conscious and defense parades were be constitutional on new hearings | formed; and defense stamps and [eranted upon request to court by defense bonds were sold. In addi-'either parent,

Carnival —By Dick Turner

fact I have a son in the South Pa{cific who had six months training as a ranger before being sent overseas without a day at home, and that was three years ago. I have a nephew that within six weeks after entering the service he was in the South Pacific and that also was three years ago. Another (nephew, 28 years old married and with a family, is in the seabeés in the South Pacific. I have still another one in the occupational army in Germany after six months of hard combat. She starts her article, “Don’t you think married men should be over |seas?” 1 certainly do if they've [been in service four years and never been out of the states. The woman needs to write a letter of apology to all service men and women and every one else in fact. I'm sure lots of mothers and wives agree with me. o . ” “PLEASE SEND . | OUR BOYS HOME”

By Mrs. Willie Easter, Indianapolis I have just reag T, M. O.s letter and I surely agree with it as I have two grandsons and a son over there. No one said they were not Able enough, they have all three been in more than 30 months. ' They were only 18 when they had to go and they all three spent their 21st birthdays over there. One grandson is lucky to have enough points by being married and having. two children. God - knows when the other ‘two will be home, is in 3d army headquarters with Gen. Patton, or was when I heard last. I can't even get mail from him, The last letters were written Aug. 10 and 11, over a month, So you ‘see they say 18-year-olds are too young. I agree with them, but if it is too young now it surely was then. There are many 18-year-olds

operation. I

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POLITICS—

Smart Move

By Earl Richert

‘WASHINGTON, Sept. 20.—Presldent Truman killed two birds with one stone by appointing Republican ¢ Senator Harold H. Burton of Ohio ' 4 to the supreme court. He met demands that a Republican be appointed to the overwhelmingly Democratic court and at’ the same time made it possible for the Democrats to pick up an additional senate seat. A successor to fill out Senator Burton's term, ‘which expires next year, will be named by Democratie Governor Lausche of Ohio. Senator Burton's elevation to th¥ court will leave the political composition of that body the same as it has been the past several years—seven Democrats and two Republicans.

Opening for Bricker

OHIO REPUBLICANS believe that the removal of |

And the appointment of a new Democratic senator | § | from Ohio will give the Democrats 56 members in the senate to 390 Republicans and one Progressive. §

senate next year. The 1944 Republican vice presidential nominee and three-term governor of Ohio still has his eyes on the presidential nomination and reportedly would like to hold high public office to remain in the limelight. Senator Burton's name has been mentioned repeatedly since it became known that President True man was considering appointment of a Republican to succeed Justice Owen J, Roberts, a Republican, Senator Burton served on the Truman committee, Senator Trumén told friends he regarded the Ohioan “as one of the most valuable members of the senate.” Senator Burton, 57, was elected to the senate in 1940 after serving three terms as mayor of Cleveland from 1936-40. He has had no experience as a judge. He served

a few years in Salt Lake City and Boise, Idaho. was graduated from Harvard law school in 1912 During world war I, he served overseas. He emerged with thé rank of captain,

Voted Independently HE WAS born in Jamaica Plaih, Mass. was dean of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is married and has two sons, both military service, and two ‘daughters.

sensational political charges. He often voted against

trade and Henry A. Wallace confirmation fights. He has been known as an Internationalist. He co-operation resolution.

friend of labor, But labor leaders do not now so regard him in view of his share in the authorship of

they have bitterly criticized. He is not rich and has lived for the last five years

a. m. He often remained at work late into the gight, His recreation consists of exercising half an hour a day in the senate gymnasium.

IN WASHINGTON—

‘Idea Man’

By Robert Taylor

WASHINGTON, Sept: 20~Wil- & liam Benton, new assistant secre= tary of state, whose job it will be to sell U. S. policy abroad, and interpret it at home for the common man, is an “idea man.”

founder of the New York advertising firm of Bens ton & Bowles, but he sold his interest in 1935. Not both the partners are in government. Chester A. Bowles is OPA administrator. Since then, you've been a customer of Mr. Bens ton's, probably without knowing it. piped to cocktail lounges comes from a firm Mr, Benton owns. So does the Encyclopedia Brittanica, So does some published music. He served on the advisory committee of the cos ordinator of intér-Ameérican affairs, was vice chaire man of the U. S. commission of the inter-American

tem. He's a vice chairman of the commit for economic development, and: vice chairman ~ its research committee. i

Was Chicago U Vice President BESIDES these jaw-breaking titles, he has J vice president of the University of Chicago. He pioneered educational films for classroom use, tried out a subscription radio idea. Mr. Benton, 45, wears his hair long and wavy and shows dimples as He talks. For the last nine year, he has spent half his time at Chicago university, bug ne lives in Southport, Conn, and has a home in Phoenix, Ariz. Despite his varied business interests and his meme bership in five clubs, Mr, Benton considers himseit a “common man.” ] Reporters reminded him that, since his acceptines of the office of assistant secretary of state in charge of public affairs, hels an “ex-common man.” He Bes ‘cepted the designation. State department reporters,

education board of the Columbia =

who have skinried

| their knuckles for years knocking on closed doors,

quizzed him about his plans for opening the staid old department to the public gaze. Mr. Benton said it would have to be done through personalities and people, and that he would lean over backwards to avoid propaganda. .

Must Understand Each Other

"FRIENDSHIP between the leaders and the dipios mats of the world is important, but it is not enough" he said. “The peoples themselves must atrive to understand each other. . . . Our processes in for. eign relations must be exposed to the Insight of the common man; his conscience and intelligence must be drawn into the state department.” By “common man,” he explained, he meant the. man in work clothes, i Mr, Benton's immediate job will be to draft a plan for U. 8. information policy by Jan. 1, when the last remnant of the late office of war informus tion service, goes. out of existence. At that time publicizing the U. 8. abroad will become a permanent chore of the state department. ! Then, the new office of International informas tion and cultural affairs will take over. Mr. Benton will handle that, the department's press relations, its radio work and any other publicity activities, The new executive quit all his private business before he took the oath of office. He said Raymond Rublcam, a friend of his advertising days, and Beardsley Ruml, who also feeds ideas to the govern ment, will serve as directors of some of his ventures during his absence. Mr. Benton was born In Minneapolis, attended Carleton college and Yale university. He homeSleade in Montana before entering the advertising

i

So They Say—

TAM arent in favor ot ir Amercin sn believe that this is only

Senator Burton as a candidate for re-election will | mean that John W. Bricker will seek to go to the

as law director of Cléveland from 1920 to 1932 and | prior to that had practiced law in Cleveland and for | He |

As a senator, he never made the headlines with |

his more conservative Ohio colleague, Senator Robert | A. Taft, In many cases, he voted on both Sides of. an | issue as he did in the Bretton Woods, reciprocal |

was one of the authors of the B-2, H-2 international |

the Hatch-Burton-Ball industrial disputes bill which

He made his mark in the business world as the |

development commission, was a member of the adult

AT

His father |

in §

i

The Ohioan has always regarded himself as a |

di GE

pi

in a small apartment in the modest Dodge hotel here. He is a hard worker and gets to his office at 8:30

That musie |

!

P) Detectives | i & Ohio railroad | today, the unrec | $16,000 strewn fo { B. & O. tracks y

A sack contain

bills consigned to port, Ii, cennes, fell unde train when it Bridgeport as th

15 mi

ward. A $20 bill was cennes crossing, Washington an money was fou North Vernon, Bridgeport.