Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 September 1945 — Page 20

The Indianapolis Times _PAGE 20 Friday, Sept. 14, 1945 ~~.

"ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ “President Editor Business Manager

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* ‘THE LONDON PEACE CONFERENCE 4

"THE conference which will settle the fate of Europe and Africa and largely determine future peace or war, has begun in London. It is called the council of foreign minristers, ; It is supposed merely to make the preliminary plans for treaties. Actually, however, its major decisions will be rubber-stamped by the later peace conferences. The smaller allies, though in a huge majority, can’t help them»gelves. The big, nations have the power and will call the ‘tune. : . Whether that tune will turn out to be a processional for secure peace or a dance of death will depend on the wisdom, restraint and unity of the Big Five. Wisdom, because some “of these problems are too complicated even for a Solomon. Restraint, because conflicting ambitions of big powers have been the cause of past wars, and remain the threat of the future despite defeat of the Axis aggressors, Unity, because there can be no effective security organization unless the Big Five pull together. So the Big Five now meeting in London are—or should be—acting not for themselves alone but as representatives of the United Nations, some of whom suffered more and sacrificed more relatively than their larger allies. Is IT naive even to suggest that the big powers in their London decisions should forego selfish interests for the good of the United Nations as a whole? We think not. On the contrary, it is naive to assume that any or all of the big powers can achieve their own security or prosperity at the expense of the rest of the world. If civilization has not learned that lesson from two world wars in one generation, then it is incapable of profiting from tragic experience and is headed for suicide. The chief test will be whether the big powers in their so,called peace-making insist on dictating now and in the . future, or permit the United Nations organization to function democratically. : The American stake is tremendous. If these European settlements breed war again, America will be drawn into that war as before. America's great contribution to victory, and America’s position as the strongest power in _the world, should give America a voice in these settlements second to nene, America seeks no selfish aggrandizement or world dominion. All we ask is peace on the terms of justice and joint interest, to which our allies are pledged with us in the Atlantic Charter and the United Nations declaration. Unless we insist on that we are suckers, and in the end all of us will be losers. '

- » ” » » ”

NOW TO MAKE UP TIME

ONE WEEK after reconvening, congress has passed a bill to put disposal of surplus war property under a single administrator. That means an énd to the three-man board which has been trying, with too little success, to manage a vitally important enterprise. The action of congress, though welcome, is not as prompt as it should have been, Need to concentrate policy-making authority over and responsibility for disposal of the vast surpluses of plants and goods has been clear for many months. The Baruch-Hancock report, in February, 1944, recommended a single administrator. The house favored that plan. But the senate wanted a large board, and the three-man board finally created was a compromise. Congress, having made a mistake, should have corrected it long ago. W. Stuart Symihgton of St. Lois, President Truman's appointee as. board chairman, is now expected to become administrator. He has a tremendous job ahead of him, and we hope to see him make up a lot of lost time. His policies will affect the countrty’s hopes for post-war prosperity in many ways. In many good ways, if idle war plants are sold or leased wisely and quickly so that they may start producing again and providing jobs. And if saleable goods are hurried to civilian markets, bringing the best possible prices to government, meeting the immediate needs of customers while new merchandise is short, and getting out of the way of post-war production.

RECOGNITION, PLEASE

HAD THIS nation tried and failed to solve the secret of the atom bomb, two men would have been held chiefly responsible, it President Roosevelt and Maj, Gen. Leslie R. Groves would have ‘been forced to justify the two billion dollars, the work, the time and the material that went into an unsuccessful project—and that would have been no easy or light task. After the death of President Roosevelt the burden fell on Gen. Groves alone,

This nation can give nothing further to the person of President Roosevelt, It can and should récognize the achievement of Gen. Groves and the highly successful way in which he carried out his mission in behalf of the United States.

The plar™ng, organization, magnitude of work and risks demsewwed by Gen. Groves’ task were no less than those required to mount an invasion. Our invasion leaders have had well-merited recognition. Gen. Groves deserves as much.

PRZSS WAS ON GUARD

ONE OF the things that. stands out in the army’s report 7" on Pearl Harbor: : . :

i The best “intelligence” that reached Honolulu concerning the state of tension between Japan and the United States, and about the possibility of war, was in the newspapers. . If General Short, Admiral Kimmel and their staffs had read and heeded the newspapers—and not waited for in-

“for the Jap attack.

formation from official Washington—they might have been

on TOWN- . ° Gatling Gun

By Anton Scherrer

~ WELL, ‘AS I was saying (last Wednesday), Dr. Richard J. Gat~ — ling didn’t get around to inventing his devastating gun until 1861, By that time he was 43 years old, which is to say that he had been a seasoned citizen of Indianapolis for 13 years. At that time, Dr. Gatling was living on the west side of Meridian st, between Maryland and Georgia,

——y

station (or “deepo” as everybody then called it). The doctor visited the depot at least once a day, no mate ter how busy he was; and, goodness knows, he was busy what with his big medical practice and his side line of merchandising wheat drills, the details of which I took pains to note the other day (Wednesday, if you must know). The Civil war was, of course, the reason for Gatling’s frequent visits to the railway station. For one thing, the troops were drilling down there, a spectacle that seemed to fascinate him. For another thing, Dr. Gatling deemed it his duty to be present when the boys left for battle, He saw some of those same boys come back—in boxes. One day he happened to see 18 boxes, An- examination on his part revealed the amazing fact that only four of the dead soldiers had been killed by bullets, The rest, apparently, had died of diseases which might just as well have been contracted by staying at home,

Modern Machine for Killing _ RIGHT THEN and there, it occurred to Dr. Gatling that the war was being prolonged because of old-fashioned guns. Indeed, there is an Indianapolis

"legend that he once said (or wrote) that we have

machines for sowing, cultivating, mowing and harvesting—why not a modern machine for killing, too? It wasn’t as brutal as it sounds, especially not when coming from the lips of Dr. Gatling who was the gentlest and kindliest of men. By making war more horrible, it seemed to him nations would be less willing to resort to arms which, when you come to think of it, is precisely the same humanitarian point of view ‘we hear expounded today. It appears that Dr, Gatling started off with che idea of a rapid-firing revolving gun capable of firing 100 shots a minute, At-any rate, there is a tradition’ around here that he once figured out for somebody that with one soldier doing the work of a hundred, the other 99 men could stay at home, Be that as it may, Dr. Gatling immediately. went to work and in a surprisingly short time had something down on paper. It impressed thé authorities in Washington sufficiently to hand him a patent (No. 36836) for the revolving battery gun bearing his name, With this grant wrapped up in a roll of drawings, the doctor looked up Otis Frink, a South side machinest, and together they turned out the first Gatling gun-—-right _heére in Indianapolis, mind you. Otis Frink has received little, if any, posthumous honor. He was born in Maine (1839), but moved to Brooklyn, N. Y, when he was 8 years old. At the age of 13, or thereabouts, he entered his father’s dentist office, This was just about the time of the invention of continuous gum work. It gave Otis a chance to display his mechanical \genius. He carved from a preparation made by his father a plate and a set of -teeth said to be unsurpassed for beauty of workmanship. Two years later, in 1866, Otis Frink came to ‘Indianapolis bringing with him not only his father, but also the famous set of Brooklyn teeth. He continued carving dentils around here until 1861 when, all of a sudden, he expressed a desire to learn the machine trade. Instead of raising a row, his father bought him a plane and a lathe and with these he went to work wherever he could rent power, In no time at all, he became known as an expert with so much to do that he got his father to assist him in buying Louis Kolbs' shop on Georgia st. He added a little foundry and, believe it or not, the first job of casting to come into the shop” was that of the Gatling gun,

Exhibited Here in May, 1862

THE FIRST Gatling gun was exhibited in Ine dianapolis on May 30, 1862, which was just about seven months after the doctor first got the idea. Everybody pronounced it the weapon that was going to end all wars. It had a firing capacity of 250 shots A minute, thus exceeding by far (150 per cent) what Dr. Gatling first had in mind. This was the gun that was exhibited in Europe where it created no end of excitement, Soon as Napoleon III saw it, he wanted a half-dozen right away, He figured that would be enough to scare the Germans with, Some time later, Dr. Gatling and Otis Frink completed another sample incorporating a number of improvements, some of which, it is said, were suggested by Mr. Frink. This*was the gun used in the. first trial at the Washington Arsenal in January, 1866: That same year the Oatling gun was adopted into the United States service, After that Dr. Gatling left Indianapolis and went east. His new home put him in closer touch with the thrones of Europe. He died in New York in 1903 at the age of 85. At the time of his death he was perfecting a few formalities prior to placing his new motor plow on the market. Dr. Gatling’s Body lies buried in Crown Hill beside that of his wife and 50 Indianapolis relatives (Section 3: Lots § and 10).

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Bloc System

By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Sept. 14, — Every so often Europe involves herself in a war as a result of her thousand-year-old family feud, then tells us it is “our war” and come on in and fight and pay. But when it comes to the péace-table, she sometimes changes her tune. European frontiers, governments, population shifts, reparations and the rest are really none of our business and why don't we stay in our own hemisphere?

State Byrnes, now attending the Big Five council of foreign ministers in London, in spots is destinted to encounter some ‘such attitude. Already many “peace settlements” have been made wighout the previous consent of Uncle Sam and others are in the making. Like it or not, however, all boundaries are our boundaries. The atomic bomb, the robot -and the Jet-propelled rocket bomb have changed the whole world security picture since S8an Francisco. Even the oceans are no longer barriers. : In a very real sense, our frontiers are on the Rhine and the Odor, the Amur and the Rio de la Plata. They are at Brenner Pass, along the Great Wall of China, in North Africa, the Philippines, the Balkans, the East and West Indies and at Suez as well as at

Panama.

Dividing Into Bloecs

WE HAVE made this so, in international law, by our signature to the charters of San Francisco and Chapultepec. But it would have been just as true had the senate turned these down. We refused to join the old League of Nations but were sucked into the second world war as inevitably as into the first as

get. along together. The foreign ministers of the United States, Britain, Russia, France and China are meeting behind closed doors in London. Under the Potsdam directive, they

Italy, Romania,” Bulgaria, Hungary Finland and eventually Germany. Also to redraw frontiers of the Reich, Austria, Italy and other states.

the United States is pledged to use force, if necessary.

Force, it is overwhelmingly agreed, is an essential to

The American delegation headed by Secretary of

we shall be into the third-if the great powers 't

are charged with drawing up treaties of peace with | ¥

As a member of the organization to enforce peace, ]

which was just a hop, skip and jump to the railway |} °

HAS

ANYBODY

GOT A

PARACHUTE >

TAXPAYER ow’ A aE CF —

Hoosier

“HERE'S WHAT WAR WORKERS GET AS REWARD” By a Laid-Off War Worker, Indianapolis 1 would like to say a few things about the war workers who were laid off when Japan was defeated. They were frozen on the job and could not quit to take another, when they knew they would lose their job as soon as the war was over, Some of them could have taken post-war jobs if they could have gotten releases from the job they then held. Now the war is over and those same war workers are filling the unemployment office looking for jobs, and not getting much consideration. They are being sent to take any kind of job, regardless of their qualifications or other considerations. They were not guaranteed jobs after the war as a compensation for their being frozén by the war man power commission. However, they stayed on the job. And now ifvthey don’t take any kind of job offered them, they cannot get their unemployment compensation. Now is that fair? Now let's see; one with a wife and three children going to high school and paying $12 a week rent cannot accept jobs paying from $20 to $30 a week, But if he or she could get their unemployment com= pensation, it would give them time to look for a job they could make a living for their family. Now if they accept the $20 a week jobs they lose their chance of getting better jobs. 1. have heard it sald why they don't want any job, they would rather’ get their compensation. That's what the war worker got for sticking to their war jobs! » ” ” “NO DELAY IN TRIAL OF WAR CRIMINALS” By Joseph A. Martin, New York, N, Y. Commander Stassen, flag secretary of Admiral Halsey's fleet, has been told by rescued Americans of starvation, beatings and torture by Japan. I trust there will be no delay in prosecuting the Jap war criminals. As an example of atrocities com= mitted by Germans against the citi~ zens of President Truman's native state of Missouri, everal hundred mechanics from the city of St. Joseph were torpedoed by a German submarine in January 1942, and, in open life boats on the high seas, were machine gunned to death by corrupt and criminal Germans. I trust there will be no further delay

Forum,

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words, Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The mes assumes no responsibility for the return of manu. scripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

“LET PRIVATE COLBY PAY WITH HIS LIFE” By Mrs. A. A, Indianapolis I do not quite agree with Mrs. B. Coin of N. La Salle st, in regard to Pvt. Colby, who murdered two U. 8. army officers. He should be

shot. (His excuse—he was drinking.) A very lame excuse indeed. His folk say he was so religious. Did he not learn the Ten Commandments? “Thou shalt not kill.” Those two army officers had as much right to live as this Pvt. Colby had. Just because he wears the U. 8. uniform he has no right to kill his commanding officer and Lt, Wade. If he is ever freed, he would do the same thing over here in America or anywhere he may choose to live. He is dangerous and a disgrace to our army and our other good soldiers: He simply has a bad streak in him—it had to come out.. You know {it always does. I dof not think there was any defect in Colby's trial. He admitted he shot those two officers. Let Colby pay with his life. Now he bellyaches to save him. Did he think that way ahout thosé*two officers? No, I am afraid prayers will not help a killer. He broke God's Com= mandments and rhe wages of sin is death, I hope Gen. Eisenhower will dis regard all excuses. Those two army officers also had loved ones waiting for them here at home, only to be told a yellow Pvt. Colby shot him and Lt. Wade while they were talking. That excuse he was drinking is a laugh. Sounds something like some of our servicemen here in In dianapolls, crying “I've been rolled or robbed.” No such thing—they spend their money in taverns, Such poar excuses don't work so I do not feel one bit sorry for this so-called killer Pvt. Colby. Let him pay with

in thelr trials.

life.

Carnival —By Dick Turner

“l wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say i

“GOD BLESS THE PRESIDENT, WE ARE STANDING BY”

By Mrs. Walter Haggeriy, Indianapolis In the preamble to the constitution, the phrases “establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty” say just what the constitution is and what more could we want, even if they keep on adding amendments to doomsday, they will make it no better. Our grand leader, the late President Roosevelt, expressed these rights in simple words -which he said meant security for all. He said these rights are: (1) the right to earn a decent living; (2) the right of every family to a decent home, with plumbing; (3) the right to adequate medical care which means good health; (4) the right to protection from ecbnomic fears of old age, sickness, accident and unemployment and the right to a good education, Without these rights, we have no democracy nor abundance for all. Elderly people who have lost their power to earn will have no freedom from want unless an: adequate pension is paid by our national and state government. The last speech I ever heard President Roosevelt make was when he said: “We must go forward, forward, to achieve these rights of happiness, for victory without these rights is an empty symbol.” These may not be the exact words but this is the meaning and the majority of all the people who elected him four times in a sweeping victory know this is true. President Truman is carrying onward, forward as was planned by our grand leader to another sweeping victory. God Bless President Truman, we are standing by.

® = =» “ONCE A MONTH ENOUGH FOR WATCHMAN’S OPINIONS”

By Edward F. '0’Connell, Indisnapolis As an honorably discharged veteran of world war II, I am sickened by the continuqus stream of fascist filth which streams from the pen of the vulgar disciple of Goebbels who calls himself The Watchman, No wonder this fellow is ashamed to write under his own name. Speaking for a large number of veterans of this war, we féel you should call a halt to The Watchman’s diatribes. We all know he is anti-Russian, pro-Franco and a bitter enemy of Joe Stalin, He ignoréds the fact that Gen, Eisenhower, Lt. Omdr. Charles 8. Seely, Bishop G. Bromley Oxnam, Joseph Davies and many other patrotic Americans agree that Stalin is our friend, and that friendly cooperation with Russia is essential to our national security, -

but you have been using The Watchman's repetitious misrepresentations (that's as mild as I can make it) two and three times a

| |week. Once a month for his Hitler

propaganda ought to be more than enough, ®

a. 8. 8 “NUDISTS ARE DISGRACE TO HUMAN RACE”

ie; i

(Falsé Face |

Sure, we believe in free speech

POLITICS—

By Thomas L. Stokes

to winning the 1946 congressional elections and going on, handily, to put their man in the White House two years later. This may still happen, but it doesn't look so simple now. : The picture has-changed considerably, complicating the Republican problem. The death of President Roosevelt removed the growing antagonism to him which also attached: itself to the party to a degree, The personality of the new man in the White House and changes which he has made have combined to create a different atmosphere and a different politi cal situation. 80 the opening of the political season well in ade vance of the usual time finds Republicans in a quane dary as to their line of attack. : President Truman gave the Republicans a body of issues in his message to congress for which they had been waiting. He espoused the New Deal. What shall Republicans do about it? Here you get a divie sion in the party which is, of course, the same divi. sion that President Truman finds in his own party, except that his party has the advantage of being in power. Lack of unity hurts any political party, but it is most harmful in the case of the “outs.”

Unification Lacking

THE Republican party, to put it bluntly, has been operating behind a false face in its recent unsuccessful years, an analysis to which some Republicans will subscribe. Its presidential candidates, even its plate forms, have stood for one set of doctrines, while the party in congress often disregards these and moves in other directions. This was obvious in the case of Governor Thomas BE. Dewey last year, as it was in the case of Wendell L. Willkie four years before, Mr, Willkie subscribed to much of the New Deal and on foreign policy he was far in advance of .what the party stood fof in congress. Governor Dewey literally swallowed the New Deal whole, only making exception, as had Mr. Willkie, to pledge that he would administer it better. He took & position alongside the Roosevelt administration on foreign policy. This constant division-and conflict produce such spectacles as that of House Republican Leader Joe Martin, who still occupies that position, rushing out to Colorado Springs in 1940 to get Mr. Willkie to come out against extension of the draft.” Mr. Willkie refused. But most of the party in the house followed Mr, Martin, : :

Want Specific Program

THEY want the party leadership, both in and out of congress, to adopt a specific program on, which the party can stand, publicize it, and make it effec tive in congress where they can. Mr. Truman now has provided an excellent opening. They urge ‘a policy of initiative, a positive program, rather than one of mere opposition, or mere blind following of the leadership of southern Democratic conservatives in congress. Their proposal would seem to be in the interest of maintaining the two-party system, an essential in our democracy, by a vital party of opposition that stands for something. This is likewise good for the general welfare. A check is needed here constantly, but it must be intelligent and responsible to have results, The other viewpoint, ahd it seems to be the pre= vailing one now as the nation heads into a difficult post-war era, is to play al and count on a natural reaction from war to win for the Republicans next year and in 1948. Also it is apparent that Franklin D. Roosevelt is still to be made a big issue, just as the Democrats have used Herbert Hoover as a whip-

ping boy since 1932. Politics doesn't change much.

TRAVELOGUE

Gay Paree!

By Edward A. Evans

PARIS, Sept. 14.~It is now pos sible, in theory, for Ametican tourists to come to Paris. Military bans on civilian travel to Europe— , except in Germany, . Austria and : Italy—are off. But if you applied for a passport, the state department would strongly advise you to stay home. And if you disregarded the advice—in which case, you ought to have your head examined—and succeeded in getting plane or ship passage, here ate a few things you would discover. : Upon reaching France you would be required to exchange all your American money for French frahes, two cents for each frane. That rate i fixed and enforced by thé French ahd American governments. far from realistic. A dollar is worth 150 to 200 francs in the black market here. But unléss you wished fo risk serious trouble, you would buy francs-at 51 for a dollar, That would make French prices, sky high to Frenchmen, several times higher to you. You might have to wait in line 12 hours or more for standing room on a train. French railroad service is a long way from back to normal,

Many Hotels Are Closed .

YOU WOULD find many Paris hotels closed, many others closed to tourists because allied governments have taken themi over for officials and troops on leave, and all the rest crowded. If you finally found a hotel room, you'd be lucky to get clean sheets once § week and hot water in the bathroom an hour or so a day. And, if you hadn't brought your own soap, you'd $0 soapless. You'd want to try the celebrated Parisian restaue rants. Many of them would be closed, too. But you couldn't eat legally in any restaurant until you'd applied for, and obtained, ration tickets for bread and “grease.” .. Buppose, having got the tickets, you found a restaus ‘rant open. There'd be a choice of two meals at fixed legal prices—95 francs, say, for one, 116 for the other, But both would be so skimpy that you'd want to order something extra, and when you did that all fixed-price bets would be off, s

for a dinner consisting of two small slices each of potato, cucumber and tomato with weak vinegar but no oil; a tiny piece of fish with a smear of mushroom

grayish but good; a thimble-sized dish of #rurish i~milk cheese with a barely visible dab of jam (this was “extra”); 12 little strawberries with a ew coarse grains of sugar, and a glass of sour red wine, However, for $20 and up you could get a fine meal in a black market restaurant. And, if lucky, you might not get caught in a raid and hauled off to a French hoosegow.

Move on the 'Metro’

means of public transportation. It closes promptly at 11 p. m. and, lacking other haulage, Parisians move furniture, crates and huge in the

x 3 . | —

It's an arbitrary rate, and

You'd end by paying (my actual experience) $3.50

sauce and two infant potatoes; one piece of bread,

THE “METRO"—the Paris subway-—is the only

L 1H HW

Measure Cal For Forest

"Times Was WASHING

' Whether the

Benjamin Harr Indiana should study today by committee. First post-war reintroduced by (D. Indianapolis day afternoon. (D. N, Y.) of th presided. . Mem Reps. Barden (R. Ill) and He Mr. Ludlow proposal had bes but put on the s years. It provid ber commission memorial by cre national forest i building . a fede to study refore apolis and pur home, 1230 N. LC apolis, as a shrine. _ Former * The commissic previous law cc C. Noland, Indi Townsend Jr., Ross F. Lockrid sity historian; ‘1 Anderson, and Schlosser, Prani Mr. Ludlow us grounds that tl Harrison has b honored of all United States s monument is ¢ His interest this type of m suitable, he saic Other witnes: ridge and Rudo is in charge of of the U. 8. fo ford, Ind. Fami

Dr. Lockridge of the Harrisor nial times, po! that Benjamin that name®and American to ha son presidents ¢ President Wil eanoe” Harrison ther of Preside son. Mr. Grabow | had affected tr hills, where th nuded. He po project would wood-working ir a8 well as the i The area alre U. 8. forest pur: only 80,000 acre: he said.

Points

The memoria up such purchs The Ludlow executive secret commission to secretary of would be $6000 expenses. Commissio: ceive $25 a day transacting con Two points raised by libra bers. Mr. Bis] like to know persons in the jection to movi do so. To. this Mr, | no such oppos countered. Mr. Braden Ludlow might 1 acreage off the his district: gs had made & cause of low p and lack of ta small governmi he said,

NEW HOW HONORE

INDICTED MARION, In Vance Worl, streetcar mote charges of vol tary manslaug with the fatal Donald 8mith, Worl allegedly Je found him

. farm home. A

Jury returned terday. —————

ENROL SEWII

With. t

First ‘lessor 17, from 2 torium, Si course inc and. you phone or Auditorium + Fabric De or at the street floo