Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 September 1945 — Page 19

and ind zes

- American scientists served this

sc] Inside Indianapolis

JUST MENTION the word pipe to Clayton Warr, regional manager for Burt's and Baker's shoe. stores,

and you've started a conversation that might go on

fdr hours. Mr. Warr started collecting pipes about 16 years ago in Beaumont, Tex. Now he has more than 100 hanging on the wall of his office at Baker's and about another 50 at his home, 5801 E. 88th st. He has evéry kind imaginable—an Indian peace pipe with an 18-inch stem, one shaped like a woodén shoe, another made of a miniature Indian hatchet head, genuine corn cob pipes (some of them could hold almost a can of tobacco), a cigar pipe and a chinrester. Then there are the more familiar types—-the Kaywoodies, Dunhill, Meerschaums and a Custom Bilt. The ones he doesn’t know what to call are just plain “lulus.” The Custom Bilt is one of his favorites. His wife gave it to him last Christmas.. Mr, Warr figures it must be a good pipe since his wife keeps

telling him that she “paid money for that one.” He °

claims a pipe is no good until it gets a cake in it, When it comes time to clean-out the cake, he boils the pipe bowl in milk—it’s sweeter this way, he says. Another one of his smoking secrets is to put a of an apple in his tobacco can. It adds mois the smoke. . . . But Mr, Warr doesn’t just smoke a pipe, He also likes cigars, cigarets and chewing tobacco. He chews when he fishes, mows the lawn or plays golf. And if he gets to playing a poor game he says it takes a new chew at every tee—sometimes two of them if the hole is a long one,

Straw Hat Ewits Quietly

THE STRAW HAT season ends today but you probably won't see a bonfire on the Circle like there used to be several years ago. Carl Shay, over at Levinson's, recalls back around 1912 when Mayor Lew Shank used to stage quite a doings around the monument. When Sept. 15 ‘rolled around all the men would gather to burn their straw hats. They used to sail them out on the ball diamonds that last day, too. But now, Indianapolis hatters agree the men have become more civilized. They merely store their hats away in the closet. The straw hat season opened May 15. Mr. Shay predicts, however, that there'll still be quite a few straws seen around town if the weather warms up again. ... Linda Orth, young daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Richard Orth, 5419 Rosslyn ave., told her dad the other day that for the first time in her’ life she slept on a cupboard shelf. Bhe had been vacationing with relatives and slept on a rollaway bed which was kept in the closet when not in use. . . . C. Lindberg is manager of the Valparaiso airport. The first name is Claude, though. ++. Some of the fire department members are getting

POW Stories

OSAKA, Japan—They speak in halting, expressionless monotones as they tell you their stories. Maybe it's because our magnificently brave prisoners of war want to forget the past.months of horror. Maybe it's like it was during the long blitz in England. In Londofi in 1940 it : became “bad form” to tell your pet story—for everyone -had an equally terrific experience if he cared to recount it. But here are a few samples of some stories our liberated prisoners of war told as they were being evacuated from this section, some 850 miles south of Yokohama. Two young Americans managed to escape from Rokanoshe camp near here during the first part of August, about two weeks before hostilities ceased. ‘They were Lt. Samuel H. Dillard III, Detroit, Mich, and Lt. Travis J. Smith, Wichita

Falls, Tex.

Dillard, an air force pilot, was captured at Bataan. He survived the infamous march of death, Smith was taken in Java with the 2d battalion, 131st field artillery of the 36th division, Texas National Guard. The two men hoped to reach the Japanese west coast and pick up a ship or submarine, or perhaps steal a plane. They fled to within six miles of the coast when Japanese patrols caught them. Both were unmercifully punished. Dillard said: “They beat me unconscious with their fists.”

One American Not So ‘Lucky’

THEY WERE fortunate at that. Capt. John C. Filey, St. Joseph, Mo., told of an American private, who escaped from Tanagawa camp on Yamato peninsula, southwest of Osaka. The private was recaptured and returned to camp, where he was tortured with bamboo poles and finally beaten to death. Riley said the Osaka camp was one of the worst in Japan. Americans were forced to work on rock

Science

THE GERMANS developed a new superhard alloy

. during world war II that required no tungsten and

was ideal for cutting tools. The probability that the Nazis had such an alloy was reported several times and I relayed those reports fo readers of this column, Now the existence of the alloy is confirmed by Prof. Gregory Comstock, director of research ‘in the powder metallurgy laboratory of : Stevens Institute. Prof. Comstock went to Germany shortly before V-E day as a field investigator for the Technical and Industrial Intelligence Committee of the U. 8, Government. A large number of trained

committee, Their job was to follow close on the heels of the oc= cupation troops and obtain firste hand information of German technical and scientific advances. Our hardest cutting alloy was carbo-alloy or tungsten carbide. Toward the end of the war we even used it for the noses of certain types of shells, But tungsten was one of the wartime bottlenecks and we would have been extrémely fortunate to have possessed an equally hard cutting alloy not requiring tungsten and its manufacture.

Diamond Hardest Substance PROF. COMSTOCK reveals that the new cutting material which ‘the Nazis developed consists essentially of vanadium and titanium carbides bonded with metallic nickel. Carbides, as many readers will remember from their high school chemistry days, are compounds of some chemical element with carbon. Thus, vanadium

My Day

HYDE PARK, Thursday —Those of us who live in the country are far along with our canning for the year, but there is still some canning to be done. A long while ago I was sent, on behalf of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Adminis tration, their community canning : program for war relief, I meant to tell you about it because I thought many more people might co-operate than those mentioned on the pamphlet. The printed release states that the program is being carried on in association with the U, 8. department of agriculture’s foods °distribution programs branch of production and marketing‘ vdminis~ tration; federal and state extension services, nutritions programs . i branch; U. 8. office of education, including Camp

Fire Girls, Inc, ahd Girl Scouts. 1 am sure, though

they are mot listed, that the 4-H clubs, through the department of agriculture have co-operated. ,Through the program, all users of community canning centers been asked to can 10 per cent over their own requirements and to give this

for s relief. Contributions will be | shipped abrodd by U. N. R. R. A. 1 feel that many individuals 4 111 or ;

was a missionary ship which went to Japan in 1850,

* Clayton Warr... he's smoking one of his “lulus.”

ready for fire prevention week Oct. 7-13. They're planning on having something new in the line of window displays and speeches. . .. A woman in the 4400 block of Central ave. thought the country had moved to the city this week. She had to shoo a bunch of chickens out of her front yard.

Mail From the Orient LAST MONDAY evidently was the day for letters from Indianapolis boys to start rolling in from Tokyo Bay. Mr. and Mrs. James F. Maloy told us about the first one. It came from their son, a yeoman in the navy. Mrs. G. H. Emery, 4509 Stratford ave. received her first letter from Tokyo Bay also on Monday. It was from her brother, Seaman 1-¢ Lee Bodem, who is on an assault transport, the U. 8S. 8. St. Mary's. The envelope shows an old sailing ship with the date 1850 on it. Below this j# the modern A. P. A. 126 and the date 1945. It seenw the old St. Mary's

. «+» Mrs. Marie Henderson and her “mother, Mrs. Frank Ardizzone, both of 1645 N, Alabama st., heard from Seaman 1l-c J. T, Henderson Monday, The envelope showed the rising sun and the stamp Tokyo Bay on the left side of the address. . . . Mrs. Frances Goins says she received a letter Tuesday from her brother, Molder 2-c Frank Gazvoda who also is with the navy in Tokyo Bay.

‘By William McGaffin

piles and suffered terrible mistreatment. went insane. Capt. LasSiter A. Mason, Jacksonville, Fiai, another survivor of the death march, said: * “If I lfad it to do over again I'd neyer let myself be captured. But for my family I'd never have had the willpower to survive. There were times when it almost didn't seem worth while going on. Many who died could have been here today if they'd wanted to.” . Civilians at this grim camp received better treatment than military personnel, but everyone was on virtually a starvation ration. Fr. Arnold Bendowske, Milwaukee, Wis., said that 10 fathers and one brother, -interned in Futatabi camp on a mountain near Kobe, were “all well.” The priests were captured during the Japanese invasion of Guam, as were some 160 civilians in the camp here.

‘Guam Contractors All Right PAUL BETZ, whose parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Betz, live in Sioux City, Iowa, said to tell his parents that the “Guam contractors in the camp are all right.” Jack Taylor, another contractor, Pasadena, Cal. sald that he staved off hunger with food purchased on the black market with money supplied through the Swiss consulate. Food purchases were made for Taylor by a Portilguese-Japanese girl named Sylvia Guterres. ww I'm going to marry her as soon as I can get home and arrange a divorce with my present wife,” Taylor said

Several

e Indianapolis

imes

SECOND SECTION

forth a startling formula. With the formulas’ he demonstrated that material that you can hold in your hand, lift, measure, weigh or break into bits—could be transformed into energy. A small amount of matter could produce ‘an enormous amount of energy. The magnitude of the energy was in the ratio of the weight of material in grams times the square of the speed of light, 30,000,000,000

Hoping to clarify the situation as to just what the bill actually provides, I had intended to discuss all the crygisms which certain partisan groups have made against the measure since it was introduced, With this thought in mind, a careful study of every objection raised has been made. That study revealed a striking similarity in the criticisms. All seemed to follow a definite pattern. That clearly apparent design is disturbing. It indicates .an attitude on the

Senator Hatch

well for the adoption of any law

Another civilian internee was Fred H. Oppenborn, Hollywood, Fla., a radio technician for Pan-American on Guam. The Japanese did not force civilian in-| ternees to work, Many Americans were forced to work as stevedores during their imprisonment. They said food rations during the last month of the war became progressively worse and that Japan suffered intensely from the American blockade.

- By David Dietz

settirig up machinery for the peaceful adjustment of disputes between management and labor, »n n y LEADERS of different labor organizations attacked the bill with almost frenzied condemnation. Vituperative phrases were not neglected. It was called a “bill to strait-jacket 1abor,” “to make the rich richer and the poor poorer,” and to “enslave labor.” Other expressions of like kind were employed and continue to be

carbide, just mentioned, is a chemical compound of vanadium and carbon. It is interesting to note that the hardest sub-! stance known to science is the diamond, which is!

nature in two forms as widely different as the dia- | mond and graphite, Apparently the only difference bétween the two substances is the arrangement of | the atoms of carbon in their crystals, Tungsten carbide is, of course, a chemical compound of tungsten and carbon. An extremely hard substance, second only to the diamond in hardness, it is produced in the electric furnace, :

Cutting Tools Vital

BUT WHILE it is extremely hard, it is not sufficiently strong and also too porous to make a good cutting tool. The problem of its use was first solved by German scientists who combined it with cobalt. They made an alloy containing about 13 per cent cobalt, which they named “Hartmettal.” The patents to this alloy were held by Krupps. In 1928, General Electric Co. acquired limited pattent rights to this alloy and began the long years of research that eventually ended in the production of carboloy, The importance of super-hard cutting tools in world war II became greater and greater as the armor of tanks and other fighting equipment was made of harder, and harder steels. The harder the material used, the harder the cutting points and edges of machine tools had to be. Because tungsten was also useful as an alloying element in the production of steels, the Nazis gained a considerable advantage by having other alloys for cutting tools,

By Eleanor Roosevelt

have canned and will still can, which they could spare and send to the headquarters of one of these groups in their communities to swell the amount that goes overseas, It is hard for us here to realize what the needs will be in almost every country outside of North and South America, I have been hoping that some arrangements would be arrived at whereby one administrator would be appointed for the distribution of coal &nd ‘the rehabilittion of transportation throughout Europe. It seems to me until that is done, it is going to be. extremely difficult to start péople over there on an upward trend, and it is going to be extremely difficult to te properly what relief is sent abroad. There is food in certain parts of Europe. For instance, certain parts of France even now could send other parts if their transportation were not completely ruined, and coal were not completely impossible to obtain. Denmark was not ruined as a food-producing country by the Germans because allied airplanes disru; the German transportation system,

be used as a method of distribution, but that will not adequately meet transportation needs. ~ While I think we should bend every effort to save from.our own plenty and ship to countries where starvation stalks the land, I think we should not forget one thing. That is, to urge that there be

in the papers that the rivers will]

used against the bill, its authors, sponsors and the chief draftsman. Such generalizations contribute little if anything to a discussion of

only labor and management, but the whole country as well. ” " » THE outstanding objections, which appear in nearly every criticism, are:

. DR. ALBERT EINSTEIN A

(1) Studying the apparently constant source .of energy given off by radioactive elements, Albert Einstein in 1905 brought

part of some, which does not augur

vo FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1945 . - THE STORY OF THE ATOM

rr:

@ oo

centimeters per second, or 186,-000-miles-a-second. (2) Exploring more deeply into the cause of radioactivity, Sir Willlam Ramsey, Sir Ernest Rutherford, Frederick Soddy and T. R. Royds, British scientists, discovered that the radiation consisted of alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Alpha particles were atoms of the gas helium charged with positive electricity. — Beta particles were high speed electrons or particles of negative electricity. Gamma rays were a form of invisible light like X-rays that could travel

1. That the measure requires {compulsory arbitration; 2. That it repeals the Norris-La- | Guardia act; 3. That it freezes the status quo {and thereby benefits management ‘and injures labor. If those objections as they are] {stated were true, not one of the authors of the bill would vote for it. | That they do not correctly present {the picture goes without saying. | Partly true, they carry implications {far beyond any provision of the | bill, and grossly exaggerate its terms. ” » » | FOR INSTANCE, while the meas{ure does contain one provision for

vision is restricted and applies only to the most extreme cases—cases where the health, safety or welfare of an entire community or communities would be affected. It applies only where the rights of the public clearly transcend the rights of both labor and mafiagement. Necessarily, these instances would be exceedingly rare, such as the cessation or the interruption of service in a great public industry, utility, coal, milk, etc.; something upon which the safety, health or welfare of human beings actually depend. ~ » » ’ THE PLAIN truth is the bill requires arbitration only in instances so extreme and vital, that responsi- |

ing over properties or using other strong means to prevent injury to

ment.

cases is the far better, wiser and fairer process. Certainly, it would be better for both labor and management than the use of strong-arm methods which would be the inevitable result, where the safety or health of men, women and children are involved. » » ” AS TO repealing the Norris-La-Guardia act,, which prohibits individuals from obtaining injunctions in labor-management disputes, we flatly deny that the bill repeals that wise law, | Our bill does permit the appro- | priate agency of government to obtain an injunction to prevent either management or labor from violating the law. | - Existing law {s not changed by { this provision, far the highest court | has held that the government's | iright to injunction is not impaired | by the Norris-LaGuardia act. |

» n n THE PENDING bill does not permit private employers to obtain an| injunction prohibiting laboring peo- | they used to have to advance the cause of labor or to prevent exploitation, as was often done before the passage of the Norris-La-Guardia act.

GAMMA § 7 BETA RAVS—={~ /ePARTICLES | e— cory or = J ; } / : J ALUMINUM J “Tro J "ALPHA

! «= PARTICLES

compulsory arbitration, that pro-|

ple from using the only weapon |

through a heavy sheet of. lead. The helium atoms were stopped by a thin sheet of aluminum foil, while the electrons went through a sheet of aluminum but were stopped by the lead. (3) Scientists started to draw a picture of the atom. When they explored inside the atom, all solid material vanished. Atoms of <opper, iron, carbon, and the other chemical elements were not solid chunks of material at all, but different combinations of electrical charges existing in empty space, Sir Ernest Rutherford made the first picture of the

It is claimed the bill freezes the status quo pending the exhaustion of the conciliation and mediation remedies, for—which the nreasure provides. ‘It is said this operates to the detriment of labor and to the advantage of management. "n° o » HERE AGAIN there is sharp disagreement. It is true that if an increase in wages should be requested and a dispute were thereby occasioned, the-wage scale existing at the time the request was made would continue throughout the period of peaceful negotiation. ‘At first glance, this may seem un~ fair. But should a loss occur, pending peaceful settlement, would it not be better for labor to suffer a temporary loss than to have steikes or shutdowns and thereby suffer a far greater loss? Nevertheless, the bill in this regard is evenly balanced. Suppose management attempted to reduce wages and a dispute resulted from such action by the employer. The very provision now so vigorously opposed would be an advan~ tage to labor itself. ” ” n FOR, pending the peaceful adjustment, the workman would receive the higher wage which existed at the time the attempt to cut wages was made. But, regardless of where a-temporary advantage may lie, Is it not fundamentally sound to maintain the status quo pending the peaceful adjustment of the differences? Later, as opportunity is presented, the authors of the bill shall gladly take up all of the objections and discuss them fully. The issue is too important to be clouded by extreme and violent criticism such as has been heaped-upon this measure. Thé authors and sponsors seek only to find the best method of providing legal machinery for the fair

ble authority would, as has often and just settlement of labor-man- | composed of crystals of carbon. It has long been a |the grave issues posed by the bill, | occurred in the past, adopt far agement disputes and to substitute! source of amazement that carbon should occur in and certainly present no answer to|more stringent forms of compulsion, |that machinery for the ‘rule of | {the problems which confront, not|such as calling out the troops, tak- force.

» " ~ A STUDY of the objections

the public and to compel adjust seemed to reveal not only a delib-|Cpl. Charles W. Canini of East | erate attempt to kill the present |Boston Compulsory arbitration in such |measure, but also a strong intent to mother from New Jersey and said:

defeat any similar legislation. Else, why would responsible leaders declare that the measure is so bad no attempt to amend or improve. it will be made; and that all resources will be mustered to bring

{ about its complete defeat, and that

[COPR. 1945 BY NEA SERVICE, INC. |

No.5: Paving the Way for the Atomic Bomb

"PAGE 19.

atom. It was something like our solar system, with the sun as the heart or nucleus of the-atom with its charge of positive electricity, and the planets around it as the electrons. ™ ® (4) Gradually over the years a more complete picture of the atom was developed. The simplest atom is that of hydrogen gas, the lightest of the known chemical elements. Its nucleus is a single proton, or positives charge of electricity, One electron travels around it. The two are held together by mutual attraction. Next.in order of simplicity is the

WOULD PROPOSED LABOR ACT 'ENSLAVE' WORKERS?

Senator Hatch Answers Critics

By SENATOR CARL A. HATCH Written for the Scripps-Howard Newspapers

VV ASHINGTON.—It can hardly be said that the federal industrial relations act introduced by Senators Burton, Ball and myself has received unanimous, enthusiastic approval in all circles. Although it has been the subject of widespread and favorable comment by many, it has also been severely and even bitterly condemned by others.

members of congress who vote for it will be politically dead. All of these things, and more, “have been said. Does this attitude mean that only partisan, one-sided measures may be considered? r ” n SUCH AN attitude is disturbing. It would deny the ‘government the right to play any part or to provide any legal machinery for the peaceful settlement of disputes in which the public as a whole has a great stake, and upon which the welfare of all the people may depend. Without power, without authority, without law, possibly ~without influence, is government to play only a weak, helpless, impotent and futile role in this gravest of all domestic problems which now confront the nation in the post-war era? » » » GOVERNMENT is constantly importuned to enact legislation conferring special benefits on both management and labor. Tariffs, reduced taxes, immediate removal of wartime controls, unemployment compensation, full-em ployment bills, higher wages, shorter hours, are right now being sought. Will government be urged to exercise its great power in these special cases, but its right and duty to safeguard the interests of all_the people by legislation requiring some measure of responsibility from employer and employee be denied? Earnestly, it is hoped that both labor and management will devote their energies and all the wisdom and strength of their great organizations to aid in securing the passage of just and fair legislation which will promote and require peace In industrial relations.

Tragic Fate Claims G.l.OnWay Home

BOSTON, Sept. 14 (U, P).—Re{turning from 28 months overseas,

joyously . telephoned his “It's wonderful to know 1'll soon {be home. I can't say much else now because I'm too excited.” Canini was one of four soldiers {killed yesterday in a bus accident only two miles from his Fort Devens

atom of helium, the non-inflame mable gas used in dirigibles. Its heart consists of two protons and two neutrons. Two electrons travel around the nucleus, as shown in the diagrams above. A neutron is a neutral particle without electric charge. The more complex atoms, such as those of lead, radium-and uranium, have many neutrons and pro= tons in their hearts. Dr, Neils Bohr, a student of Rutherford’s had much to do with the develop« ment of atomic theory.

We, the Women Club Women Should Aid Gl Wounded

By RUTH MILLETT ARMY and navy heads of veterans’ hospitals are urging those who have helped with entertaining and providing recreational activities for {ll and wounded servicemen not to feel their pob is done just because the #™ war is over. Saysone: “If 3 it was patriotic ~g to help during the war, it Is perhaps even more patriotic to help now when everyone wants to relax.”

And another A head of a vet- : erans’ hospital urges: “We hopé that the girls who have been doing so much for the boys won't drop out of the picture now that the flag-waving is over” Evidently these hospital heads fear that world war II veterans will in time become as much for- . gotten men as did the world war 1 veterans, after the wartime fever of patriotism subsided with * the peace.

yn». ONE such embittered veteran of the Spanish-American war, after being visited by members of an organization formed during this war to entertain servicemen, said: “I'm glad we had another war. Until recently we hadn't had visitor in 20 years.” ii But how are we going to make ourselves remember the men who year after year lie in beds and sit in wheel chairs because they fought our wars for us? If we are prodded into remembering, then perhaps we will go on with organized plans for making the lives of wounded veterans a little bit happier, a little less lonely, Should’t it be a project for our women’s clubs? Not the kind of project where a group of middle-aged women go once a year to the local veteran's hospital with bright smiles and cookies.

~ » » BUT a well-thought out program where the veterans get the best in entertainment whenever it is available in the town and where whatever is done for the veterans is done from their point of view and with only their ine

furlough point.

terests in mind.

eta

‘THE DOCTOR SAYS: Never Go Swimming With Head Cold *

Sinus Infection Blamed Too Often

By WILLIAM A. SINUS infections are blamed for too many nose and throat and head complaints, - as every stuffy nose is not a sinus infection, and

common, Sinuses cavities in bones of the face

are +

connected with

with a membrane which is eontinuous with the nasal cavity, The spaces in the bones over the eyes are the frontal sinuses

Dr. O'Brien

Happily, those days are gone for- | while -those—on— both sides of the.pair and soteness over ever and none of us would make a/nose in the facial bones are the fected areas, headache, and a move to bring them back. The bill maxillary sinuses. revives no such procedure, {and the sphenoid sinuses are lo-

The ethmoid

of the gkull. Any or all of these | sinuses may be infected at the same time,

If an acute head cold lasts |

{more than a few days it is probable | jchronic sinus headaches are un-!that the sinuses are also infected.

" »

INFECTION may it may be forcibly spread by vio-

or swimming under water and

and chemicals. Never go swimming when you shave a head cold. Hypersensitive, allergic changes in the membrane of the nose may also “involve the lining of the sinuses.

Acute sinus Infections cause stuffiness and nasal discharge, the af-

gen= era’ miserable feeling. According to many specialists, the ideal treat-

—By Buford Tune

HORACE, EVERY TIME I TURN AROUND I FIND YOU SLEEPING/

immediate consideration of a plan whereby some able administrator is put in of /coal produc-

--1 GET EXERCISE

[treated surgically'if relief is not ob=

d [infections if due to

O'BRIEN, M. D./cated back of the nose in the base iment is to go to bed and apply hot

applications over the painful zones. If rest is disturbed, mild sedatives are prescribed * Breathing warm, moist air is less irritating than cold or dry air. Do

not put anything into your nose

n spread natur-|unless it has been prescribed by the ally from the nose to the sinuses, or |your physician.

Acute sinus infection usually clear

and the skulli/lent blowing of the nose, diving yp with difficulty. If you are sub

ject to head colds, there is a

the nose by open- from irritation of the nose during tendency for sinus infections to ings and lined colds by the use of oils sprays, recur, and sometimes to become

chronic, LJ ” J

| | SELF DIAGNOSIS of sinus infecs tion often leads to wrong treatment, Some apprehensive persons mistake the normal drip of mucous from the nose to the throat for sinus infec 'tion Many who consider themselves {to be victims of sinus infection show lno change in their sinuses after painstaking examination. Commonest cause of temporary difficulty in breathing through the nose is an acute head cold, but an allergic mucous membrane causes persistent stuffiness and not sinus

infections. In affected and allergic {mucous membranes, there is a tens

dency. to develop grapelike clusters of tissue called polyps. While these ¢an be removed, they return if the underlying = condition is not cor= rected. Acute sinus infections may pro-

{gress to abscess formation and re-

quire surgical drainage. Chronic sinus. infections . are sometimes

eans. Sulfa drugs

tained. by other mean ! of value in sinus

and penicillin are

but not if a virus if the