Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 September 1945 — Page 3

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"Santa Claus’ E

Latin America, but It Cost U. S.

By ERNIE HILL

. Times Foreign HAVANA, Cuba, Sept. 12.—The

immediate problem of readjusting Latin American policies and activities to peace. The wartime “Santa Claus” era is drawing to a close. Agencies whopping off money in Latin America probably will struggle

against retrenchments.

‘Already a tendency is developing to confuse the “good neighbor”

policy of the 1930's with the war emergency program of the last four years. The two had different goals. The “good... neighbor” policy was launched in: 1933 as an ef-

plomacy and the: big stick policy. ! Good neighbor- | ism meant non- § "interference in strictly local af- Mr. Hill fairs—a pledge to refrain from using the marines to collect private debts and protect private investments, and a promise to be cooperative instead of dictatorial.

Clamped Down—With Money

- Then along in 1940 and 1941, washington began to suspect that we would be drawn into the war, It feared that some Latin American countries admired the HitlerMussolini technique too well, Washington justifiably became frightened. Fast work was required to counteract axis infiltration. The U. S. frankly went out and bought war support. There were large expenditures of money, establishment of propaganda agencies and a dizzy round of hauling anyone with any prestige up here on goodwill tours, Most people consider that the results justified the means. Since * memories are sometimes short, there is an inclinabion now to

“the two programs, Money Down Ratholes

* Because all wars are extravagant and wasteful, a lot of money has been poured down ratholes in Latin America. Some couhtriés have come to believe that Unclé Sam is a “sucker.” Some haven't missed a chance to get all they could. Relatives of influential politicians are thick on the payroll of the office of inter-American affairs which will go under state department supervision Dec, 31. The U. 8. has stepped in and * spent millions on development pro-

grams and ‘public improvements]

which individual countries might | long ago have financed themselves. U. 8S. Paid Their Taxes Through our expenditures, powerful families controlling whole countries have been relieved of tax burdens. The burden has been shifted back to U. S. wage earners and industries. Some of the abuses which I saw and heard about throughout Latin America were shocking. I was amazed to talk with wealthy families about their five and six-year stays in Paris, Vienna and

WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 12, 1045

{It saves them the expense. .

ra Closing in

Correspondent : United States is faced with the

This article contains impressions _ and’ conclusions reached during. six months of intensive study in every section of South America. Mr. Hill's observations are those of a sincere friend of our Latin neighbors and are written in the hope of clearing away the debris of war.

lived for generations off the incomes of their land holdings. Of course, they have been happy that the U. 8. has undertaken the project of improving conditions for| * the lower classes in these countries.

. Plenty of Wealth : There can be little doubt that every country in Latin America could have built its own hospitals, sanitary sewers, highways, schools and other improvements at any time during the last 100 years. The wealth is there if the ruling cliques had felt inclined to help their poor. Droves of physicians, politicians, teachers, editors, students and military personnel have been swished up to the U. 8. on tours. The theory has been that this would seal friendships. Sometimes, it has worked. In other instances, the results haven't been so good. The uninvited always feel slighted. Down in Paraguay, the U, 8. helped build some highways on the theory that they were neckssary to move war materials. : Paraguayan army officials have circulated the story that the U. 8. built them of a special substance

forget. the basic. difference. between spay WOU NEN OBEY PH TUDOR: | o-oo

They told Paraguayans the program was designed to increase our sale of automobile tires.

Held Out On Beef In Argentina, the wealthy cattle barons held bLeef from a meathungry world because they didn’t like the price they were getting. British officials spared no words in pointing out that United Nations were giving thousands of lives and depleting natural resources to save Argentina along with the rest. of the world from Nazi domination. In return, “Argentina demanded more profits, : In Panama, the U. 8. built highway networks, airfields and improved sanitary conditions. Panamanians, however, have assumed the attitude that the entire program was purely for our own advantage. Of course, they will inherit the improvements, But they consider they did us a favor to permit the installations. The program, in some instances, as complicated the problem of U. . firms trying to engage in Noril business relations. Many countries have come to expect to “gyp” the U. 8. on all transactions,

Rome before the war. They have

Swedes Helped Labor Get ~ Money to 10,000 Refugees

By NAT A, BARROWS Times Foreign Correspondent LONDON, Sept. 12—Neutral Sweden officially closed its eyes long enough, last year, to permit some very fancy maneuvering of funds on behalf of Norwegian refugees, - The American relief for Norway commit= tee, acting for the C. I. O. and the A, F. of L, had given the Norwegian labor party a sum of money to finance rescue operations. And the prob= lem before the U. 8. war relief board in Stockholm was to keep Mr. Barrows

this money from falling into the|naited in 1943, but it continued to

hands of the Germans,

Iver C. Alsen, treasury department official serving as war relief 2 85 » board representative in Stockholm, presented the case to the Swedes: How to assist the 10,000 Norwegian |the fluctuations in Sweden’s policy youths hiding from the gestapo in| of “strict neutrality,” give the

‘the Norse mountains, and particu-

larly how to get the specially desig- | diplomatic staff besides that in

nated funds into Norway. » » ” THE SWEDISH foreign office came back with a complicated subterfuge and put it into action. The Germans were completely fooled. It worked like this: The Swedish consul-general in Oslo was instructed that funds to his credit had been deposited in Stockholm. Against these funds he drew upon consular receipts in Norway to get money to the Norwegians hiding out in the mountains.

The central relief committee of | fication as displaced persons, the Lutheran church acted as in- Copyright, 1048, by ™1 The Indianepe Times

termediary in covering the financial trail. In due time the Swedish foreign office presented a bill at the American legation in Stockholm and the account was thus evened up to everybody's satisfaction, except the Germans. s » - ALTOGETHER, about 6000 Norwegians received direct help from the war relief board in getting safely into.Sweden. The bulk of these particular rescue operations, were financed by C. I. O. and the A. F. of L. funds, . SBweden’s assistance helped soften the bad feeling, left with many Norwegians by the Swedish agreement earlier in the war to permit German troops to use Swedish railroad to and from Norway. This so-called transit trafic was

be a sore point with the Norwegians long after,

WAR RELIEF board documents in Washington, unconcerned with

highest praise to another Swedish

Oslo. The “brilliant .and courageous” work of the Swedish legation in Budapest saved perhaps 100,000 Jewish lives in Hungary, the report states, At present Sweden has some 33,000 stateless refugees within its borders, mostly from eastern Europe. - The policy as it now stands is to continue sanctuary for them and later on to work out such problems as citizenship or classi-

Corsetiers Deny

Relief Is Near

NEW YORK, Sept. 12 (U, P).

ICIVIL SERVICE BREAK URGED FOR VETERANS

WASHINGTON, Sept. 12 (U, P.).

“THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

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