Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 September 1945 — Page 10

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PAGE 10 _:

(Third of a Series)

By WALLACE R. DEUEL WASHINGTON, Sept. 6.—The of- " ‘flce of strategic services is something new under-the sun, Both the basic idea of the agency and the way this idea has been carried out are unique in the history of The original} concéption of thes

one command, re-§ sponsible directly to the nation’s

tions vital in ev~ ery conflict and Mr. Deuel especially vital in the second world war. These operations are:

fectly to this responsibility.

they won't talk. It is safe to say

however, that the truth- about OSS used to try to weaken the enemy lies somewhere between the extreme will to resist as far in advance as views of its severest critics and its/possible of the more orthodox atmost ardent friends—as usual in|tacks by the other arms of the

such cases,

O88 has made many mistakes.

But there is much good in it

It is this good which men In

Washington are now trying to save for the future—at the same time getting rid of the bad.

Grew From COI The office of strategic services

grew out of the office of the coordinator of information, created in July 1041, It was reconstituted as

1. Unmasking the enemy's inten-| O88 in June, 1942,

tions. 2. Unmasking the enemy ’'sii strength.

3. Impairing the enemy's will to/a civilian agency, whereas OSS is

088 differs from the original COI n two major respects, First, the co~ordinator’'s office was

resist by psychological warfare anda military organization. It is a sup-

other “irregular” methods creating porting agency of the joint chiefs and lof staff designated as such on the

doubt, dissension, confusion despair in the enemy mind—and if j

possible winning him over outright Gen, William J. (Wild Bill) Dono- used by some powers in this process van, director of OSS, reports direct- lof winning friends and influencing 4, Impairing the enemy's ability | ly to the joint chiefs and, through people by the individual approach to resist by guerrilla and other un-~| them, to the president’ as command- have been far from pretty. The strategic! er-in-chief of the army and navy.|“trade name” for these methods is, | The second main difference be-|of course, subversion.

to the allied side.

orthodox ' attacks on strongpoints far behind the lines. |

The essential nature and purpose tween the co-ordinator’s office and | Fortunately in this war America of OSS was to provide the means | OMS is that the original agency has been able to rely mostly in this which would make it possible for | conducted most of America's for-|field on two simple truths: First, the nation’s highest: command to!eign propaganda and OSS does not.!the truth that the United Nations fermulate and carry out an in-|This function was assigned, when | were going to win the war; second,

formed, effective strategy.

oint chief’s own initiative, Maj.

1088 was created, to the office ofthe truth that only by the United

The psychological warfare opera-

,|tack on the enemy. They have been

services. The second principal. function of the office of strategic services has been to “win friends and influence people” by the individual approach. Psychological warfare {tries to soften up the enemy's will to resist by attacking the minds of the masses of the enemy people. This second form of attack tries to weaken the enemy will to resist by undermining the determination of in. dividuals in key strategic positions. |- The approach in psychological {warfare is usually indirect, most | commonly by. radio and leaflets. {The approach in the individual type of operation is personal, It {must be made directly to the key

{individual concerned,

Subversion In the past some of the methods

men of any nationality could live, A further long-range, strategic operation which O88 has conducted has been sabotage directed at vital centers deep in enemy territory. The fourth of the agency's operations has been called the “operational groups” program. Operational groups are small units of especially selected, trained and] equipped men, who penetrate enemy

organize, train, equip and lead local resistance elements—with whom OS8 has also co-operated to the greatest possible extent in all its operations, Operational groups have been dropped by parachute, landed from submarines and small boats and sent into enemy territory by a variety of methods. This has been only the beginning of O88 Intelligence operations, These operations have, in fact, probably been the most important which the agency has conducted. More-~ over, the lessons to be learned from OSS intelligence work are especially significant for the future.

(TOMORROW: Intelligence work is jigsaw puzzles and electric lights, not incendiary blondes.)

SPEED BLAMED IN WRECK ARCADIA, Cal, Sept. 6 (U. P.) — Excessive speed on a soft roadbed under repair was blamed today by Santa Fe railroad officials for the wreck of the second section of the California limited, leaving five dead

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AUR 1 en eee een es mre INDIANAPOLIS TIMES _* Office of Strategic Service Created to Place Four rr Vital Wartime Operations Under Unified Command

Nobody in his right mind would|war information, which was set up|Nations’ winning the war would claim that OSS has lived up per-|at the same. time that the co-ordi-/there be any chance whatever of nator's office was reconstituted as Owing to the secrecy in which the{0SS, bullding a world in which decent agency has worked, only half a dozen men in the world know tions of OSS, together with the enough about all its operations to|OWI have served the American war pass general judgment on it, and effort as the means of initial at~

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_ THURSDAY, SEPT. 6, 1945.

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