Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 September 1945 — Page 12

'. Tuesday, Sept. 4, 1945

HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE ° HENRY W. MANZ RE ; Editor Business Manager "(A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

Price in Marién Couns. ty, 8 cents a copy; deliv~ ered by carrier, 20 cents a week. : Mall ratés in Indiana, $5 a year; all other states, U. 8. possessions, Canada and Mexico, 87 cents a month,

ROY W.

% Owned and published : «gaily (except Sunday) by “Indianapolis Times Pub‘lishing Co., 214 W. Marysland st. Postal Zone 9.

Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

BEWARE THE NEW JAP MYTHS! DEFORE Japan even signed the final document of un*2 conditional surrender, the emperor and his ‘military government indoctrinated the Japanese people with two myths. One is that Japan quit only because of the atomic bomb. The other is that Russia’s entry into the war forced capitulation, an idea also spread by Moscow propagandists, Whether the Japanese believe one or both of these myths, the net is that the imperial military machine was not defeated by American fighting forces. : ; % What is the difference? Why quibble about such things. So long as our forces are in control under Gen. MacArthur, and so long as the emperor and all the rest have to take orders from our supreme commander, why worry about this éhemy face-saving? i . Because such myths can. cause another war. Similar myths, that the German army was not defeated when it surrendered at the-end of World War I, were the bait with Which the Prussian militarists hooked the Germans a second time. If the German people had not believed these lies, they could not have swallowed the Hitler delusion that they were supermen, strong enough to murder entire races and to conquer a world of inferiots. %4 Fa : J THE Japanese superstition that they are supermen, led by a god-emperor with a divine right of conquest, is a mn tanaticism. than. the. synthetic. paganism of the ! star Nazi criminals. If we ignore these new Jap myths that they were not defeated in battle by American military superiority—but only by the accidental magic of a devilbomb, or by the intervention of Russia—we shall invite precisely the same kind of military comeback that Germany pulled, maybe worse. Indeed some Jap officials have publicly proclaimed the “duty of Jap revenge and another fling after recovery. As President Truman stated in reply, that’ get-even spirit is inevitable but our job is to see that it is not worked on us. “ If we are to succeed, we must demilitarize the Japanese Pefille not only physically but mentally. Not that we can it the militarists to peace. But, with; all the facilities of public commuhication and education under otir* control; abe we sheuld be able to convince fhe. Sapi-and- le specially the ‘young—of a very obvious fact: : a the United States, with most of fts ‘strength “still | tied up in Europe, defeated Japan so completely that: HiroRito and his militarists twice sued for peace before they Knew of the atomic bomb and before Russia joined the war. % If this fact is hammered into the Japanese continuously $orive the long American occupation it may not entirely destroy their superman superstition of centuries, but ‘it ghould at least discourage them from trying to practice their menacing myths on us again.

GEN. MARSHALL KNOWS on IN EARLY 1941 the chief of staff, Gen. George C. Mar- * shall, wrote a letter to Lt. Gen. Walter C. Short, the} awaiian commander. He urged Gen. Short to keep in mind, in all talks with . Pear] Harbor navy chiefs, that it was the army’s job to protect the base and naval concentration, This purpose, he said, should be made clearly apparent to Adm, Kimmel. "Then Gen. Marshall wrote: ; “T accentuate this becatge I found yesterday, for exams ple, in a matter of tremendous importance that old army and navy feuds, engendered from fights over appropriations, with the usual fallacious arguments on both sides, still persist in confusing issues of national defense.” We've seen nothing that argues more strongly for unit. ing land, sea and air forces into a single department. “Gen. Marshall knows the damage that can be done the cause of national defense by bickering between the services.

” »

ERE PL

BRINGING THEM HOME THE wartime story of the great ships Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth is a dramatic one, Converted from luxury to drab-hued service early in the war, they crossed and recrossed the Atlantic in blacked-out secrecy, eluding and outrunning the submarines for which they would have been prime targets. ‘ Now, as a fitting climax, they sail proudly into New York with flags flying, bearing home as many as 15,000 cheering American soldiers in one trip. ; It is inevitable that the two great Queens should get a good deal of publicity, in picture and story. But, we should not forget that these liners are doing only a small part of the job—less than 10 per cent, as a matter of fact. i The great bulk of ‘our men returning from the European battlefields are aboard a never-ending procession of American ships. They are smaller and less famous than the Queens—passenger liners, converted Liberties, Viectories, C-type freighters and tankers. Maybe they aren't very fast or very comfortable. But they are numerous, and they are doing the only job that is important to the men on board. They're bringing them home.

HERO OF CORREGIDOR “I HAVE had little contact with the outside world,” said’ i" Lt. Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright after his release from an enemy prison, “but what little I have had has gaused me to believe that the administration, the war department and the American people have accepted my dire disaster with a forbearance and generosity greater than any in the experience of any other defeated commander.” Reading those words will bring the surprising realization to most of us that Gen. Wainwright, in-addition to sufng the hardships of imprisonment, also suffered a feel-

I AltA I BIE S555 Sr Wks en

SU py RE AS

of personal responsibility for his “dire disaster.” . = That is a tragedy for which the administration, the war epartment and the American people can make belated 4mends, They can at least assure him that he has been will remain the hero of Corregidor. And though that

his

surance cannot erase the torturing thought of failure and | isgrace that must have beset him during his prison years, | should bring Gen. Wainwright the comforting knowledge |

! Toy Town By Frank Aston WASHINGTON, Sept. 4—A Ger-

‘man. town once famous for its lead pencils, gingerbread and Seer will

; inal’ trials, The city is Nusmberg, in Bavaria, =" . » Goering, Hess, von Ribbentrop, Ley, Rosenberg and others will go on trial in what has been called “a toy town come to life” Rm The place was a mass of ingenious contrivances, like the clock in one of the churches. The clock

times around a figure representing Charles IV. Things like that were always happening in Nuernberg. = The houses themselves looked like toyland with ‘their gables, red tile roofs, cobbled courtyards and fountains. The roofs today are in need of repair because of allied bombing.

Watches on Their Girdles ri

toys. The watch is sald to have been ‘invented ‘there. At first it was so big that it was dubbed the “Nuernbetg egg” and was too bulky for a pocket. So it dangled from the owner's waist, being attached to what then was called the girdle. People of Nuernberg were gayer than the Prus-

their toys, watches, glass eyes and gingerbread, their neighbors sometimes said they were a little indolent, In fact, Nuernberg was reported to get pretty lvely over its beer, a practice that led to laughter, conversation, music and dancing. The women were notably attractive, the men stout and vigorous, with a working sense of humor, Their soft dialect seldom was heard in argument and when they sald hello it sounded as if they were happy. Although Nuernberg was credited with being a toy center, it seems the nearby town, Sonneberg, made the toys. Nuernberg sold them, Sonnebergers were a bunch of Santa Clauses, busying themselves all the year making dolls of wax and wood or carving toys from wood found in the Thuringian forest. The town’s toy industry dates to the 13th century,

| Its products were sold all over the world.

Spmehow or other, Sonneberg’s stuff was merchandised through Nuernberg where toys were dis. played in shops, under umbrellas and in baskets on the merchants’ heads. The umbrellas, which were ‘brightly colored, were arranged in.the market place. “inthis nook “of play and lsughter a gambling crusade once netted 3640 backgammon boards, 40,000 dice and cards by the cartload, all of which publicly were burned.

Where Clarinets Came From NUERNBERG is said to have invented air guns, the clarinet and gun locks. Tals Beven railways converged on Nuernberg and Furth, The rail yards of Nuernberg could handle 3000 trains, Beven. main highways reached Nuernberg, not count

ing a Nazi superhighway connecting Berlin and Munich, ’

transportation. On a Nuernberg rampart for years could be" seen marks of horseshoes. The townsmen told how the marks” were made by the horse of a man who had been.copdemned to be hanged and at the last minute and been allowed to say goodby to his favorite charger, Sadly the prisoner climbed into the saddie.

"Before the guard realized it, horse and man were

ovef the wall and gone. They never were caught. From that, Nuernberg established a saying: “The Nuernbergers hang no man, unless they have caught him.” Caught and ready for Nuernberg are Goering, Hess, von Ribbentrop, Ley, Rosenberg and others.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

| Atom Treaty

By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Sept. 4. —There is reason to believe that the United States will take the lead in outlawing the atomic bomb or at least subjecting it to some sort of inter-

national control, It is already pretty clear that the next Pear! Harber, If any, may also be our last. That is, if nature is allowed to take its course with the atomic bomb, If the atomic principle is combined with that of the robot or rocket bomb, the most powerful nation: on earth might be defeated between sunset and sunrise, 3 An aggressor nation across the Atlantic or Pacific Jor ‘anywhere within the western hemisphere, could place one or two bombs in New York, Washington, Detroit, Pittsburgh, Chicago, San Francisco a score of places in all—and the United States’ ca pacity to make war would be destroyed before a wheel could start turning. Already, before the first atomic bomb fell on Hiroshima, accorfling to reports from Tokyo, Japanese scientists were busy on a similar weapon. Germany was within measureable distance of success when she was defeated. Britain and Canada are in on the secret, certain Italians and others know much about it and Soviet Russia is said to have started preparations of her own.

Secret Can't Be Kept

NO INFORMED physicist pretends the bomb can be kept secret for long. Like radio, radar and so on, such ideas quickly spread throughout the civilized globe, . Also, ag more and more scientists go to work on them, they tend to simplification and become less expensive. The first bomb that fell on Japan cost the United States more than two billion dollars, A decade hence atomic bombs may cost only a few thousand dollars each and, instead of vast plants like that at Oak Ridge, comparatively small factories may be turning them out. . This means that unless something is done to stop it, the world may soon see the most fantastic, the most desperate and most dangerous armaments race in all its history. This, in itself, would lead to a highly explosive situation. It is axiomatic that when nations began to arm against each other, the one that is ready first—or thinks it is—or becomes panicky--strikes.- If the nations start an atomic bomb race that would almost certainly happen. After world war I, the United States had, built and bullding, the greatest navy ever seen. More over, it was able to keep on building warships, two-for-one, with the rest of the world. So when President Harding called a naval limitation conference, the other powers were only too eager to comply.

U. S. Lost in Ship Reduction

Now the United States is virtually in sole pos« session of the atomic weapon. This nation, more

countrymen the defense of Corregidor is |.

be the scene of the Naz war crimv |

NUERNBERG was good at making glass eyes and]

glans; and although they worked with precision on |

Our bombers messed i thse various. means: .of-|-

than any other power, is In a position to suggest what is to be done with it. : ee “Many believe it will be outlawed, like poison gas. | But In the case of gas, all the principle powers manufacture, it and are prepared to use it in case gas is used against them. i : “Compared with the atomic bom’ being

“

{ signaled the noon hour by causing toy figures ot seven |- electors, attended by trumpeters, to march three :

— Hoosier

BE TOTALLY DESTROYED”

By Lt. John H. Cennors, Somewhere in the Ryukyus

I'm a navigator on a B-32 here in the Pacific. This evening my co-pilot received a copy of your paper which contained a letter from

| David C, Kennedy that decries the

prolonging of the war by insisting on “harsh” surrender terms.

wish for a quick peace, “but I'm afraid the tone of his letter indicates that he would compromise our war aims to that end. He claims that the Jap civilian should be pitied, and forgiven on the grounds that “no greater love hath man than love of country.” All points out that we don't hold it against any people if they are thoroughly loyal to their country. The obvious fact has been overlooked here. One is not loyal to his country as such. He is loyal to the principles and political theories that his country propounds. The phrase “My country, right or wrong,” has caused the German, Italian and Japanese people to do irreparable damage to the world. We don't, as Mr. Kennedy holds, obey our President in right or wrong. We obey him in only that which we, through our duly elected representatives, think and maintain is right. If any measure that we, the people, think is wrong is in danger of becoming a law or matter of national policy, it is the duty of every individual to rise up against it. If the majority of the people decide it is wrong, cur laws make provisions for eliminating the wrong. Every nation of the world has some method by which they can show that they disapprove of a certain national policy. If they do not make use of this right, every individual is personally responsible for the evil resulting from that national policy. The people of Japan, and for that matter Germany, too, have offered no resistance to their leaders and tneir plans to subjugate other peoples, and stigmatize certain races. This alone makes every individual guilty of the evil and suffering that these national policies have inflicted on the world. 80 I say, no halfway peace terms, Every Japanese civilian must be made to realize that he will suffer ‘for condoning his government's policy. i I'll grant Mr. Kennedy that Japanese loyalty has been proven by their willingness to die, but it is loyalty to a philosophy that must be destroyed if the way of life that we want our children to grow up in is to survive.

T fully appreciate Mr. Kennedy's |

Forum v=:

* (Times readers are Invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must’ be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way ° implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

“NO PEACE, NO FREEDOM IN COMMUNIST COUNTRY”

By. The Watchman, Indianapolis 4 Our American capitalist system has saved the world from the’ NaziFascist type of totalitarian despotism, but we are being sharply reminded that there is another totalitarian world. order movement taking over where Hitler; Mussolini and Tojo left off—Stalin’s communism. It won't be necessary for the Watchman to point out that Stalin is out to grab everything we fought to free from the AXis aggressors, It is plain for all to see who are not blinded by: Communist camouflage, propaganda and subterfuge. Britain and France are honor bound to stand by Poland and demand that Stalin desist from brutal force in liberated nations to compel these suffering nations to submit to Communist dictatorship control. Freedom for Poland, the Balkans, China and other abused nations:-is being denied by Communist force, violence and intimidation. Here is a test case for the United Nations charter. If it fails here it fails completely. Surely 48 nations won't how to a minority of one ruthless aggressor. The reniedy is not war but complete political and economic ostracism for the violator of the prineiples of the charter. It's time for plain speaking for the U.'8., Britain, France and other peaceable nations. Stalin is sabotaging the peace and security of the world. Silence would mean consent -by acquiescence. Aggression has been outlawed by the United Nations charter as well as by the Atlantic charter. There should be no recognition of governments imposed on any members of the United Nations or of liberated nations against their will. There is no peace, no freedom, no security nor independence to a Communist~dominated country. Freedom is as dear to Poland as it

is to others.

Carnival —By Dick Turner

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the

your right to say it.” “THE TAXPAYERS WILL

| PAY IT ALL"

By O. 0. B., Osss county fli Let Indiana lawmaker “critics” come out of their hiding and. not act like the three blind mice with unemployment mounting by leaps and bounds, with thousands walking the streets and Indiana still

J bringing in the last week 25 hundred “extra Mexican laborers for

farm work. In addition’ to other thousands of Mexican laborers on our railroads and farms and doing

all kinds of labor, besides German, Italian and Japanese prisoners of war scattered all over United States doing all kinds oflabor. Now a reconversion program in effect in U. 8. A. in connection with this current story. ‘ It must be considered an unemployment relief program. Now add on the domestic end, $2,000,000,000 for public works, $3,500,000,000 for G. 1s and $6,000,000,000 in the state unemployment compensation funds and you have $11,500,000,000 more or a grand total planned expenditure of more than $27,000,000,000. Billions, Why Franklin D. Roosevelt in his palmiest free spending days never spent one-third that amount in his ‘budgets. In short, the proposed relief spending is more than three times the amount with which President Roosevelt shocked the world of economics a few years ago. The taxpayers, of course, will nay it all. Is this why the present day Indiana politician never mentions the subject most affecting practically all the people in their pocketbooks and breadbaskets? Where do Indiana lawmakers stand, both large and small, our senators Willis and Capehart and“all 11 congressmen from Indiana, especially from the 2d district? They all act like they were at a Quaker meeting, never say a word for or against. Also such little ramrods that represent our counties all over the state of Indiana that voted themselves $10 expense money a day, about twice the amount an average laboring man's wages are in Indiana and have to pay all their expenses. No wonder in a little jerkwater city like Logansport the tax rate jumped from $1.92 to $2.39 and that is just an example all over the state, The laboring man of Cass county would have been better represented at Indianapolis in 1944 if they had sent a sack of straw down there. So the serviceman or & laboring man of all classes should demand an answer from -all these make-believe “critics” now, not next August, September or October just before election in 1046. It is easy to correct mistakes after they are made, 50 these Wall street akers should be put on a cash and carry basis: If they never do anything, pay them nothing. Indiana tax rate would go to zero.

* ~ r “WON'T BE LONG TILL ALL THE BOYS ARE HOME” By Mrs, Terry Miller, Indianapolis Did it ever occur to you, M. Russell, that there are thousands of boys who will not return’ for those “furloughs”? They're not so0 lucky either, are they? ‘ ; 1'know sometimes we all think

| RECONVERSION—

{By Peter Edson

| WASHINGTON, - Sept. 4.—Now

| & train, the length of a skirt or suit coat. Or would | you? ; -

{about these things. But for the past week or 80,

| per day and far into the night out at the war. pro-

‘rings out of female attire. For the duration. It was

‘pleats, tucks and shirrings now. The Women’s Dress

“ahd

Extra Tools

pie

Pleat Grief

you take this issue of pleats, tucks | and shirrings. It just goes to show" that there are still going %o be’ plenty of things to get all het up about, even if the mean old war is the reconversion, ; Lise "You'd never dream how much peacetime eco nomic significance there was in a pleat, a tuck, a shirring, a Dolman sleeve, a swirl a drape, a bustle,

all ‘over ‘put for

Male reporters shouldn't have to write pieces

great gatherings of the hairy-chested sex have been holding two Industry Advisory Committee meetings

duction board, trying to decide what should be about pléats, tucks and shirrings. i . It seems that the Marquis of Queensbury ‘rule governing pleats, tucks and shirrings 4s WPB OR~ DER L-85. L stands for Limitation. - Back when the war was new and there was a shortage of everything, x. it seemed there wouldn't be enough cloth to make enough garments to half-cover the backs and gams of the country’s women and junior misses.

Surplus of Cloth Now Looms

80, TO CONSERVE textiles, the garment industry ‘J’ leaders were called together and submitted to L-83 after 84 other things had been taken care of. Among other things, L-85 took all the pleats, tucks and shir

done

& patriotic sacrifice. It saved millions of hours of labor. But comes V-E day. Comes V-J day. Comes cut« backs of textile requirements for uniforms; tents, parachutes, bandages and blankets. Lo and behold, first thing you know there's a coming ‘surplus of cloth, Ya Three points of view, and the industry. split down the middle on each question: . The Children's Sports wear Industry A. C.=no, not Athletic Club, Advisory Committee—says take off the controls and put back

womane

»~

Industry A. O. says keep ‘em out till after Dec. 1. The Women’s Cloak and Suit Industry A. C. says keep ‘em out till March 1, 1046. What to do? Peace is sup-

posed to, be reigning here.in Washington, but actually '

it's confusion as usual.

| Fall and Winter Models Already Made Up."

THE TROUBLE is that a lot of the garment _ makers have their fall und winter models already . made up—and without pleats, tucks or shirrings. If & WPB now knocks out L-85, the high-price-line manu facturers will immediately put all these extra trimmings in new models and the women-silly dears that they are—after four long weary dull years withe out pleats, tucks and shirrings will flock to buy them, But then Paris comes into the picture. The Paris dressmakers haven't any L-86 to cramp their style, and they're draping yards and bolts of stuff on every conceivable curve. How can American designers coine pete as long as L-85 is kept on the books? ; ‘Who's in charge around here, anyway? Did de Geulle bring his minister in charge of pleats, tucks “Sid shirringe along” to-work ‘this-out with. Leo Croye.; ley? Won't the French settle for a few million tohs™ + of coal and keep pleats, tucks and shirrings out for six months more? Was Stettinius instructed .on this before he went to London to organize UNO? Hutry on back here, congress, and let's get some of theses + important things settled. < ies

IN WASHINGTON—

5 ¥

By Roger W. Stuart

WASHINGTON, Sept, 4~—~Maury i& Maverick, who already has thought up several ways to keep his Smaller War Plants Corp. actively in the post-war swim, now has taken a : new plunge. 3 : He intends to have his agency fill a bigger role in the distribution of surplus property. Particularly in the realm of machine tools. ol uAb The law gives SWPC the right to buy.sutpluses for resale to small business. The section covering this was written into the surplus property act of * 1944 in an effort to make certain that small busie ° ness would not be frozen out when it came to ac« quiring usable articles. Up to now, however, small businesses generally have gone directly to the Reconstruction Finance ‘Corp., disposal agency for machine tools, when they wanted to buy that particular kind of property. . . This was natural. It was the most direct, and the quickesf, way of doing business. No fiddling around with middle men.

'Fair Share’ for Small Business _ BUT MR. MAVERICK now professes concern that small business men may miss their “fair share.” So he has ordered a new survey to be taken, Inquiries are being sent out to the nation’s 35,000 small metal , working firms to learn what, if any, types of mae chine tools they need. : Then SWPC will try to find among thé surplises

available the types of machine tools wanted by each

small producer and notify him where the tools are located. But that’s not all. If the small producer wishes to buy a tool that the SWPC ha# located, the agency will lend him money for the purchase, or it may exercise its priority as a government agency to buy the tool for him. : A ic The 35,000 letters, in other words, are being sent out for the purpose of turning the eyes of would+be surplus- machine tool buyers toward the SWPO; vi That relatively few small businessmen - have - sought the agency's help in this respect-was indi- “ cated recently by Mr. Maverick himself. Questioned by the Stewart committee of the senate, he revealed that only some 300 requests for such assistance had come to SWPC over a period of several months,

Plenty of Surplus Tools MEANWHILE there are so many machine tools in the country that nobody—not even the Surplus Property board or the army or navy—knows how many. i : . It is known that between 1040 and the first of * 1045 more than four billion dollars’ worth were produced in the United States. It’'is known further thas ", 18 per cent of them were sent overseas under lendlease. Tt 1s known that the rest stayed here and * that of this amount, 72 per cent (or $2,500,000,000 worth) were taken over by the army, navy and maritime commission. : This 72 per cent is estimated to amount to some * 855,000 machine tools, But here again, nobody knows for sure, because the term “machine tool” doesh't mean the same thing to the armed services ms it does to the trade. i : sins mo ‘ The latter considers as machine tools those pieces of equipment which are “motor-driven, non-portable steel-cutting tools.”

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