Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 August 1945 — Page 1

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FINAL HOME

[SCRIPPS = HOWARDY YOLIME 56—NUMBER 132

\ SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1945

Entered as Second-Class Matter -at Postoffice Indianapolis 9, Ind. lssued daily except Sunday

PRICE FIVE CENTS

The Pacific War Allies’ Reply To Jap Surrender Offer:

‘WE'LL DECIDE FATE OF EMPEROR"

U.S. Cancelling War Contracts To Speed Reconversion

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U. P.).—War Mobilization Chief John W. Snyder announced today that government -war procurement agencies have begun cancelling war contracts “to the greatest extent possible in order to free materials for reconversion.’ Snyder assured the nation: that the administration will provide “the maximum po#sible assistance” to indus-

" try’s reconversion to peacetime production.

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Washington Calling—

Don’t Expect To

possibly for passenger planes like the C- -54.

Have Your Boys Home Very Soon

(Editorial, Page 6)

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11.—End of the war is going to be more hectic than the start. It took years to build the world’s greatest war machine. Taking it apart—fast—-—without wrecking the economy—is trickiest job we've done yet.

Decisions of next few days and weeks, manner in which they are carried out, may determine whether a prosperous peace or a postwar depression comes next. Some government plans are ready. You'll hear them, in detail, as

soon as it’s all signed and sealed. Few are already operating. Mean-

while, here’s a preview, .

YOUR MEN: The killing will be over, but don’t expect to see them soon. It’s three months since V-E day, but only 750,000 of 3,000,000 American soldiers in the ETO are home.

Shipping is the bottleneck. It takes three times as long to cross Pacific as Atlantic. Point system for discharge will be retained. Number of points necessary for discharge will be lowered, and few, if any, men with the points will be refused discharge because they are “essential.”

It takes three times as long to

Most ETO veterans new in U.S. waiting redeployment will be

discharged here. Able-bodied men who have not had overseas duty probably will be shipped. Army has now alerted policy of marking these for replacements No figures yet on size of our Pacific army of occupation. It's 400,000 to 500,000 in Europe. Best guess here is it will be smaller in Pacific.

THE DRAFT? Congress probably will have to decide. Question is whether occupation armies are to be made up of men already in uniform or of newly drafted eligibles | who haven't had taste of it yet.

Selective service says it will keep on drafting men, as the army and navy asks for them, until President proclaims end of hostilities, or until congress stops it. Present mood of congressmen now in Washington is to stop draft ing—but it hasn't heard from families of servicemen long overseas,

YOUR JOBS: You may be out of work this week, depending on the sort of job you have. Wires cancelling munitions contracts will go out on V-J day, from army and navy. Ordnance, chemical warfare, signal corps and other technical services were writing the telegrams Friday. Cancellations will hit makers of ammunition, guns, tanks, first, Ninety per cent of army service forces munitions orders will be killed within 48 hours of V-J proclamation. War mobilization and reconversion act passed last winter forbids continuation of war contracts “merely for the purpose of providing

business and employment.” However, other wording makes it flexible enough so airplanes

on assembly line, for instance, won't be halted minus a tail or a wheel.

Ship repair is likely to go on. So will construction of vessels now

on the ways. Some navy vessels now in blue print stage may be built to fill gaps in our sea-going force.

Best guess is that most airplane contracts will be cancelled, except possibly for passenger planes like the C-54. They'll probably be

needed to help shift men across oceans, Contracts for food and clothing will be cancelled more slowly.

We'll have to feed millions of soldiers for months to come; commitments under lend-lease will have to be fulfilled.

J » r

YOUR FOOD: Rationing will end almost immedi-

ately on canned goods, on most other things within a few

months. There should be beef and butter for civilians soon. Sugar shortage will run through 1946, though rationing may be dropped earlier, Our government owns practically all the sugar in the world; we're under obligation to give some to others. : Per capita consumption of sugar in Europe's liberated countries is now only about 20 pounds a year, against a normal 90 pounds. Large scale production can’t get under way in Philippines for 12-18 months.

Army won't finish taking inventory of its food stocks till Sept. 1. Look for a general loosening up about that time.

TRANSPORTATION : Some 15,000 to 20,000 carloads of war goods were rolling westward to Pacific coast ports when Japan offered to quit. Stop orders have already been put out on some of them.

Indications’ are that food and clothing will keep on moving; munitions will be halted. If V-E day pattern is halted, railroads will hold up some shipments for re-route orders—to storage points. Vessels at sea are bigger headache, Those westbound are loaded with Bailey bridges, tanks, ammunition, other supplies for our inva-

(Continued on Page 2-—Column 1)

TIMES INDEX -|REPORT MACARTHUR

BCrosswo

musements., 4 TO IMPOSE TERMS

archos .ves 10{ Ruth Millett. . Mrs. Milner. ,

Obituaries ..

The navy already has decided on $1,200,000,000 cutbacks in ship tonstruction. The army, he said, “will make immediately a sharp reduction in its buying program.” Earlier it was learned that immediately after Japan's surrender offer was made, the army and navy sent out orders for contract cancellation totaling almost $4,000,-

military freight shipments to the west had been ordered curtailed. Snyder said that the army and navy cutbacks are not the result of the Japanese surrender offer but stem from reviews of procurement programs conducted by the armed

000,000.

At the same time, an authoritative source said that

LOCAL PLANTS

AWAIT NOTICE ON CONTRACTS

Survey Shows Employment

Situation as Yet Unchanged.

Indianapolis war plants today were not affecied as yet by the government’s cancelling of contracts, a survey of the factories and federal agencies disclosed. The sudden and dramatic climax of the Pacific war speeded government action on cancellations. War Mobilization Chief John W. Snyder

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U. P.). ~Tentative army plans are understood to call for the release of approximately 4,000,000 men within a year after V-J day. This estimate would reduce the” army to between 4,000,000 to 3,000,000 in the first year,

said that it would be done “to the {greatest possible extent in order to {free materials for reconversion,” Larger war-plants here~holding direct contracts have heard nothing. | | Smaller plants holding sub-contracis - {also have received no word. | Meanwhile, however, all are exi pecting cancellations in one form or another but do not know to What (extent. : WPB Here ‘Hears Nothing’

Albert O. Evans, district. manager {of the war production board and chairman of production agency | committee, said that his office has | heard nothing.

“In the past I have received first!

word from Washington on all cancellations and new contracts. Undoubtedly I would still be the first to hear,” he said. “Naturally, all of us are expecting it. The speed with which the war is drawing to a close caught everyone a little unprepared. “However, while there undoubtedly will be unemploynfent as a result, I do not believe it will be widespread. The reaspn is * that this area is a producer of smaller parts and so reconversion will not be difficult as soon as materials are available, “It will be worse, However, than if the war had drawn slowly to a close,” Mr, Evans said. Several plants expressed the belief that while cancellations may come at any moment, there would be little break in their production.

ICKES ADVOCATES ALASKA STATEHOOD

Status After War,

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U. P). ~Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes today advocated statehood for the Alaskan territory. Ickes wrote Ernest H. Bruening, governor of Alaska, that “it is clear that statehood is the only form of self-government appropriate to the circumstances of Alaska.” Alaska is the first of the territories for which Ickes has formally advocated statehood. Hawaii also is expected to seek statehood after the war. Ickes’ department administers territoral affairs,

GUAM, Aug. 11.—The atomic bomb dropped Thurs-

Hawaii Expected to Seek

»

Stop Work on 90 Warships Now Building

WASHINGTON Aug, 11 (U.P). —The navy today decided to stop work on 95 warships now under construction. It said the stoppage will save approximately $1,200, 000,000. _ In addition the navy will cancel orders for construction of 160 district craft and smaller auxiliaries, which had been scheduled but not started. On July, 19, the navy said it had 223 ships under construction. This will leave 128 vessels which will be completed. The navy said in some yards the work will be extended through 1946 and in 1947. Vessels on which work is being stopped include the battleship Illinois, the aircraft carriers Re» prisal and Iwo Jima, 16 escort carriers, 10 heavy cruisers, 10 light cruises, 11 destroyers, six submarines and 39 auxiliary vessels,

2 KILLED WHEN BUS HITS AUTO

Three Others Injured in Crash on U. S. 31.

Two Indianapolis persons were killed and three injured when a northbound Greyhound bus crashed into the rear of an automobile last night on U. 8. 31 near the MarionJohnson county line. The killed and injured all were occupants of the parked car. John A Schumacher, 58, of 25 N. Temple ave, who, according to State Policemen Larry Broderick and Mason Warner, had been examining the motor of his car, died in the City hospital admitting room. ‘Mrs. Fae Séhumacher, 36, of 14 N. Tacoma ave., wife of S. Sgt. William J. Schumacher, was killed instantly. Suffers Broken Jaw Also in the automobile at the time of the crash were: Mrs. Clarabelle Kerr, 51, of 20 N. Temple ave., sister of Mr. John Schumacher, who received a broken jaw and brain concussion and 5-year-old Martha Beeson, niece of the dead woman, who had only a scratch on the leg. She was treated at Methodist hospital and taken to her home, 14 N. Tacoma ave. Mrs. John A. Schumacher, 54, wife of the dead man, was admitted to Methodist hospital with neck injuries,

‘of the Schumacher family were returning from Camp Atterbury, where they had taken Sgt. Schumacher

(Continued on Page 2~—Column 3)

SUSPENSION HEARINGS SET FOR 30 BY OPA

The Indiand office of price administration announced today that suspension order hearings would be conducted by two OPA hearing commissioners in the federal building next week. Hearings in 30 cases will be held Aug. 15-17, involving alleged violators from 17 Hoosier cities and towns.

LOCAL TEMPERATURES

6am....6 0am. . 72 7am....65 11a. 8am... 67 9a m.... 69

atomic bomb dropped. Thurs-

day on Nagasaki made “obsolete” the one which wrecked Gen. Douglas MacArthur will be Hiroshima three days earlier.

State police learned that members

forces during the “last few weeks.” He urged manufacturers who lose military contracts (Contindied on Page 2—Column 7)

UNVEIL 7-YEAR MASTER PLAN

FOR POST-WAR

Cost of City Improvements Is Estimated at $25,000,000.

A seven-year $25,000,000 post-war

improvement plan for Indianapolis ;

was announced today.

With the new era of peace perhaps only hours away, the Indiane|

apolis post-war planning committee released its first official cost estimate of its master plan. A proposed seven-year financing schedule was also unveiled. According to the schedule, $23,560,000 of - the post-war expenses would be met with bonds issued by various city and school city bonding units. The remainder .— including the housing, smoke abatement and property assessment programs-—are to be financed by special or direct taxation. Added Taxes Needed The. committee pointed out that additional tax levies, however, would be necessary to pay interest on poste war bonds. It predicted a total “cumulative” increase of about 15

cents per $100 worth of taxable

property. “Perhaps one-fourth of the financing program would be launched the first year after the war, and lesser amounts each year thereafter,” the committee reported. The report was presented by -the subcommittee on finance and taxation, of which J, Dwight Peterson is chairman. It was adopted unanimously. Post-War Priority List Also listed was a post-war “priority list” designating the jobs in the order of their importance and bond issues anticipated in their behalf. The projects and their proposed bond issues are: ONE: Complete rehabilitation of the city’s sewer system, $2,000,000. TWO: Slum clearance and the redevelopment of blighted areas, $1,100,000. THREE: Railroad grade underpasses, $1,500,000. FOUR: Thoroughfare reconstruc-

(Continued on “Page 2—Colu 2—Column 6)

VICAR OF U. S. SEES TRUMAN ON MISSION

Archbishop Spellman Will Go to, Pacific.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U, P). —Catholic Archbishop Francis J. Spellman met President Truman for the first time today and conferred at the White House on his impending trip to the Pacific in his capacity as military vicar of the United States. Praising Mr. Truman's leadership, the churchman said he came to the White House “as a private citizen” to meet the chief executive. He told questioners he had brought no message from the Vatican. He sald he and Mr. Truman merely discussed his plans for the Pacific tour, which will be similar to the prelate’s war-time trips to tHe European theater. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes participated in the Presi-

dent’s talk with the archbishop.

the one used on Hiroshima secret Superfort base in the

Supreme Head?

Speculation today was that either Gen. Douglas -MacArthur, above, or Admiral Chester Nimitz might be named as supreme allied commander to accept Japan's surrender when it comes. In some quarters it also was felt that neither might be chosen for the post, since they are of equal rank.

ALLIES RENEW BLOWS ON JAPS

U. S., Russ to Push Attack Until Nips Quit.

By FRANK TREMAINE United Press Staff Correspondent PEARL HARBOR, Aug. 11.—Allied armed forces fought on today pending the outcome of Japan's peace bid. A historic week produced another | sensation — the disclosure that the second atomic bomb used ‘against the—Japanese-made-the first “obsolete.” American air and naval Yorces were ordered to maintain the of-

HIROHITO MUST ORDER TROOPS TO CEASE FIRE

Note Is Expected to Bring V-J Day to ‘Vietorious Realization’ Within a Matter of Days.

(Editorial, Page 6)

By LEO C. WILSON . United Press Staff Correspondent

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11.—The emperor and the Japanese government will be subject on surrender to the supreme commander of the victorious occupying powers. That was the brusque reply of the Pacific war allies today to Japan's plea that Hirohito retain his sovereignty prerogatives. The emperor will be required immediately to order all Japanese armed forces to cease active operations and to give up their arms. This reply to Japan's plea that Hirohito retain his position after the empire's surrender was delivered by the United States in behalf of the other allies to the Swiss legation here at 9:30 3. m. (Indianapolis time). : V-J May Come Soon

The note is expected here to bring V-J day to victorious realization within a matter of days.

It was the first intimation that the allies have agreed

(upon necessity of naming a supreme commander in the [Pacific war theater—a policy which paid off big dividends

in Europe. Later the White House said an American would be named as allied supreme commander to accept Japan's surrender when it comes.’ Presidential Press Secretary Charles G. Ross sid, however, he could not say now who will be named to the post, Many believed it would be Gen. Douglas MacArthur, present U. S. supreme army commander in the w war against Japan, Who Would Be Chosen?

There also -was some speculation that Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, who led the sea assault, might be named, And there was some who thought that—because MacArthur and Nimitz are co-equals—neither one of them would be chosen. The allied reply did not reject Japan's plea for Emperor Hirohito. On the contrary, it explained how he and his prestige would be used fo bring the Japanese war machine to a dead stop. The note said that Hirohito would be re-* quired to “authorize and jnsure” the signatures of the Japanese government and the Japanese imperial headquarters for the carrying out of the Potsdam ultimatum. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes signed the come munication to Japan. He acted in behalf of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union and China. In their communication the allies reminded the Japanese that the

| Potsdam ultimatum assured that the ultimate form of Jape

anese government would be established by “the freely ex< pressed will of the Japanese people.” If they vote for an emperor they evidently are to be permitted to have one. Grassli Gets Note Byrnes’ note was de)ivered here to Max Grassli, charge

fensive against Japan until they! have received dfficial notification by | the war department that the war is over. Superforts of the U. 8. 20th air force stayed at their bases but! other U. S. planes bombed southern Japan. Russian troops plunged on | more than 130 miles deep in| Manchuria. > |

Nagasaki Wiped Out

The Chinese were ordered to keep the pressure on, and a Chungking newspaper suggested that the Tokyo peace proposal was unacceptable. At a secret Superfort base in the Marianas officers said their second atomic. bomb wiped out Nagasaki as a a military target

(Continued on “Page 2~Column §)

. Old A- pk Is Obsolete After 3 Days; New Type Used to Shatter Nagasaki Areas|

By EDWARD L. THOMAS | United Press Staff Correspondent LONDON “Aug. 11 (U. P.).—~The|

London Daily Mail said today that

“The function of the bomb used on Nagasaki made

obsolete,” Farrell said at a Marianas.

Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, commander of strategic air

Dr, O'Brien...

nomiffated this week-end to accept the formal surrender of hi Japanese general staff, i * He also will be authorized, to im‘pose the allied terms on Japan when hey have boty settled, the

5| Mail said.

The second bomb wiped out Nagasaki as a military target, probably vaporizing its industrial plants, it was reported today. Brig. Gen, Thomas Farrell, chief of the atomic bomb project in the Marianas, disclosed that the two atomic | bois sv 3a} dropped on Sagan were oF Yidorut Jape

forces, announced that the second bomb destroyed 80 per cent of Nagasaki, utterly desolating an area two miles long and a mile wide at the wides s} point.

- Officers at the secret base said they b believed the

d’affairs for Switzerland. About half an hour later the state department made public the text. It is understood ‘that special efforts will be made to hasten delivery of the (note to Japan so that a decision—and possibly peace—may be had quickly. Japan was warned that the Potsdam ultimatum must be accepted and that the allied powers will maintain armed forces in Japan until all its objectives are achieved—includs ing establishment of a non-militaristic, democratic government among the aggressive little men. The key paragraph of the note was as follows: “The emperor will be required to authorize and insure JCoutmued on Page 2-~—Column- 3)

U, S. SWEATS OUT’ | Congress Recall OFFICIAL V-J DAY, On Sept. 4 Seen

WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U. P), — —Senate Democratic Leader Alben : : W, Barkley (Ky) announced today Chinese: Turn Loose With; congress probably will bs. i i called back into session on Sept. 4, By JOSEPH L. MYLER United Press Staff Corvespondent

and the senate on Aug. 1. They had not expected then to WASHINGTON, Aug, 11.—Amer-{return until Oct. 8. icans were waiting again today—| Barkley made his announcement this time for the official V-J day.|of the new date after a 90-minute They had no doubt it was coming; conference with President Truman, the a as were t00 plainly: beat- Barkley said that the President en. But still they had to wait. Wars that last for years are not formally

Conia on Page Colm

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