Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 August 1945 — Page 14

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flew jet-propelled fighter planes.

oe used by others to restrict our freedom to trade. |v

“The Indianapolis Times

* all-out army and navy effort more than ever now to knock

-gence and desire for national preservation in Japan, the

Wednesday, Aug. 8, 1945

WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ (Editor Business Manager

(A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

PAGE 14 ROY W. HOWARD President

Price in Marion County, 5 cents a copy; delivered by carrier, 20 cents’ a week.

Owned ald . published daily (except Sunday) by Indianapolis Times Publishing Co. 214 W. Mary-

land st. Postal Zone 3 Mail rates in Indiana,

$5 a year; all other states, U. 8. possessions, Canada and -Mexico, 87 cents a month,

«EP ¢ RILEY 5551

Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

WILL JAPAN QUIT NOW? E must be careful that the atomic bomb does not blast our own war effort as well as Japan. It is hard to exaggerate the potential effect of this new weapon in destroying the enemy. But it is very tempting to confuse the future with the present, and to conclude that it can wipe out Japan in a few days or weeks—therefore we don’t need any more army or navy, That would be disastrous for us.

Member of United Pre Scripps-Howard Newspas per Alliance, NEA Service, and Audit Bureau of Circulations.

Actually we need

out Japan quickly while she is staggering under the atomic explosions. It is true that the atomic bomb may end the war in a matter of days or weeks. But this is a possibility and not a certainty. And it is a possibility of psychological warfare—not of a final military decision. The new weapon may in short order destroy the Jap will to fight, but it can‘not quickly destroy the Jap capacity to continue a suicide fight.

= » ” n » » NLESS the American people and congress can get that distinction clearly in mind, the present agitation for faster military demobilization may grow until it wrecks army morale and the civilian war effort. If we were to concentrate all our plans and hope on the atomic bomb forcing surrender, and it failed,to do so, then the end of the war could be delayed many months. The only way to win a war is to hope for the best and prepare for the worst. Our memories are very unreliable and our judgment lacking if we have forgotten the agitation only a year ago to rely solely on the bombing of Germany —that a large army of invasion was not necessary. If we had taken that gamble, Germany might be destroying England today with her rocket bombs—which were, and could be stopped only by an invading army capturing their launching sites and their underground production centers. So with Japan. The only safe way, the only sure way is to speed to Nimitz and MacArthur all the men -and materials required for the biggest and hardest invasion of the war, That is precisely what our chiefs of staff are trying to do. But they cannot succeed unless the home

front produces supplies and sustains morale. 3 i 2 ” "n » 2

HIS all-out effort now is not only -essential insurance against failure of the atomic bomb to force immediate surrender, it also is the best way to multiply the psychological effect of the bombs. The Japs will be quicker to give up if they know that the new bombs are blasting a path for huge invasion forces soon to follow. Only if we have taken out that invasion insurance have we a right to hope that the atomic weapon will make invasion unnecessary. Certainly if there is enough intelli-

people will insist on unconditional surrender now to prevent their atomic doom. We hope for that proof of Jap intelligence, but we must not gamble victory on it.

MAJOR RICHARD BONG HE army brought Maj. Richard Bong home to “safety” after he had completed 500 combat hours against the Japanese in P-38 Lightning fighter planes. The 24-year-old

| last 50 years.

OUR TOWN—

Shirt Tale

By Anton Scherrer

If I had my way, all the flags In Indianapolis would be flying to- ; morrow. The ‘event that deserves commemoration occurred on Aug. 9, 1900, On that day the thermometer. under the awning of Henry

Huder's drug store registered 103 degrees F. which |

was probably why it was the day that Robert “(Bob) Martindale picked to’ peel his coat and appear on the streets of Indianapolis as unashamed and uncon-

cerned as Lady Godiva pretended to be some, 900 | |

years ago. . Mr, Martindale's unorthodox ' behavior was a turning point in the history of Indianapolis not only because it marked the beginning of men going coat= less around here, but also because it indicated the end of the stiff bosom shirt,

Symphony in Pink THE SHAMELESS crusader went forth that memorable morning dressed in nothing but a pink shirt of some loose lax material, a pair of belted duck pants, a broad-brimmed straw sailor hat and. a pair of tennis shoes. The baby-pink complexion with

whieh he was born enhanced his ensemble considerably. Indeed, everybody turned his head to have a

dale walked coolly, complacently and courageously down Pennsylvania st. to Washington and west to Illinois st, where, for a reason which will develop later, the’ parade came to a dead stop. A lot of things happened, however, before Mr. Martindale reached that point. Right at the start of his adventure, at the corner of Ohio and Pennsylvania sts, Mr. Martindale heard Jimmy, the newsboy, yell: “Hully gee, pipe the naked guy.” It was in a voice that Jimmy used only for “murder extras.” The funny part was that Jimmy knew Mr, Martindale as well as he knew his own father, but apparently he couldn't believe his eyes that day. Mr. Martindale ignored Jimmy's remark, and went his Way secure in the belief that he was on the right track.

'None But the Brave... HE KNEW he was on the right track when, a moment later, two fashionably-dressed women passed him in front of the Denison. Mr. Martindale heard the younger of the two say: “I love a brave man.” The older woman nodded her head and ruefully replied: “If your father had half of that man’s gumption, maybe he'd amount to something.” Treading air all the way, Mr. Martindale landed in front of the postoffice (then at the corner of Market and Pennsylvania sts.) where he ran smack into Alvin Lockwood and W. Pirtle Herod, sweating like two stuck pigs. “Gosh, that settles it,” said Attorney Herod as he proceeded to shed his coat. Mr. Lockwood followed suit. The three coatless men (two of them carrying their discarded garments over their arms) then retraced their steps, entered the Denison bar, and celebrated their emancipation by way of mint juleps. In the course of the next 10 minutes, Arthur Smith and Ed Bingham turned up. Thoroughly stirred by the spectacle in front of them, they also peeled their coats and two more mint juleps were ordered. That made four converts, enough for a parade. The four led by Mr. Martindale eventually reached the corner of Illinois and Washington sts, thé location of the Bates House and a world-famous institution for mint juleps. On the way there, Mr. Martindale picked up eight more converts which made a baker's dozen. The parade didn't get any further because of the superb Bates House bartenders.

The Idea Grows and Grows .

NEXT DAY there were twice as many coatless men in Indianapolis. That's when somebody (probably a disgerning woman) noticed the vast difference between a man in shirt sleeves and Mr. Martindale's getup. Mr. Martindale, for instance, wore no jewelry in the shape of collar and cuff buttons. Indeed, his cuffs and collar were an integral part of his shirt. All of which was proof that Mr. Martindale had | given the subject of summer attire considerable more thought than anybody else around her. Mr. Martindale’s shirt wasn't a bit different in principle than | men wear today, except that nobody now has the | courage (or complexion) to wear Mr, Martindale's

shade of pink. -

You can't say the same for the mint juleps served today. They've changed a lot in the cours® of the | Indeed, I doubt if ‘a crusade of any | magnitude could be launched with the kind served | today. The only way 1 can account for their deterioration is the present crop of bartenders, too many

ace of aces held 26 decorations, including the Congressional Medal of Honor. In uncounted air battles, he shot down 40 enemy planes and came out of it" all without a scratch. The army, reluctant to risk the richness of experience and knowledge he had gained, finally insisted that he leave the skies of war and function in.the skies of experiment. | He had done more than his share-and the time had come for him to serve on less hazardous duty. The snub-nosed farm boy from Wisconsin set up a | home with his bride in California. There he studied and Now he would be “safe.” The other day his Shooting Star bobbled above some | tree tops, nosed down, exploded. | "It happened, after all, so near to the end of the war, | to this man so young, who had served so gallantly.

: YANKEE TRADING NEEDED RANCE is trying to change the terms of a reciprocal trade agreement to reduce sharply the number of American movies that may be shown there. Her -argument is that she can’t spare dollar exchange for such nonessenfial imports. Czechoslovakia has banned: the showing of American films that might in any way be construed as critical of Russia. The British have elected a government pledged to | nationalize all basic industries. A nationalized industry | is in no sense competitive; it is operated to serve the.economic, social and political policies of the state, which means it Msually ends up as a subsidized industry. In Russia, where all industries are already nationalized, there is only one producer of goods exported, only one purchaser of goods imported—the state. The state doesn’t have to price its exports to cover production costs; it doesn't | have to make its purchases from the lowest seller—if come 13 political purpose is served by doing otherwise. All of which is indicative of what a large part world | politics is going to play in world trade. The United States is practically alone in its desire to restore world trade in the | classic ‘sense. And we are committing ourselves heavily ground the world. We have used lend-lease to help increase the productiveness of our allies. We have subscribed the lion’s share of the capital for the Bretton Woods

institutions—the international bank to make reconstruction loans, the international fund for monetary stabilization | credits, Congress has voted additional billions to the ex- |

port-import bank ‘for loans to promote tfade abroad. It is | wise and farsighted to lead our capital to expand our com- | merce. It is foolish and shortsighted to let our credit be |

* Competitive American “enterprises, which have to pay | American standard wages and yield some earnings for, in- | vestment, will be at a disadvantage in a world where production and trade is nationalized, socialized, Sovietized or . Before opening up our check books, we'd better shrewd Yaghee. dealing to make sure. the we. cal usinest. without being

"apparently

| memorial

| his.

| ference | think there is a normal Latin father who would per=

of whom wear Phi Beta Kappa keys.

| WORLD AFFAIRS—

About Face

‘By Ernie Hill

BOGOTA, Columbia, Aug. 8. ==

| For the past five years the editor

of Colombia's most powerful newspaper has heen considered one of the closest friends of the United ~ States in all South America. But the honeymoon is over. Enrique Santos, older brother of former President Eduardo Santos, has opened a scathing editorial campaign against life in the United

| States

He has denounced co-education, en's suffrage, modernism, livorce, social customs, the WACs in p#ticular. This conservative center of Spanish culture in the new world—with its poets, scholars and terrifying poverty—was shocked to learn what Enrique Santos really thought about America. Santos uses words such a “wages of

parenthood, wom- | education, youth freedom, womanhood {1 general and |

“abomina“doom”

“paganism,” tion,” *“desolution,” sin” and

describe the U. 8.

Was on U. S. Payroll

EDITOR SANTOS was presented with the Cabot | New York

award by Columbia university, City, in 1940 for his contribution to hemispheric understanding and good will. Then he was put on the

presented under his of imter-American affairs. war scarcities of the youth of America. Put off the U, 8, payroll four months ago and st back from a tour of London atthe invitation of th e British government, the editor has taken out after nortliern neighbor in his daily column . signed

} “Caliban.”

After painting a lurid picture of widespregd immorality among youngsters of school age and WACs, Santos states: “Co-éducation? No thanks.

| Grows. More Caustic

“HERE IS a basic question—the absolute difbetween Latins and Anglo-Saxons: I do not

| mit his daughter to throw herself into these adventures—in joining the WACs—on the pretex of saving the country. “Because we dn not deceive ourselves about such matters. They are not saving the country. But it seems to us they are losing it.” Santos opened his attack against morality in the U. 8. with .a rather objective column. But when a S. citizen in Begota wrote a letter - protesting | against. his condemnation of womanhood, Santos wrote a second’ and- longer column with additional venom and more caustic condemnation. . He urged his countrymen to continue living in old Spanish tratiitions without the emancipation of womanhood or other social problems entering the picture,

The: U. .8. embassy and co-ordinator office officials

have been upset over the barrage of attacks by San wiikch has been continued in other columns,

second look at the symphony in pink as Mr, Martin- ||

» |'HEAVY WATER In Norway By William H. Stoneman

RJUKAN, Norway, June 5.—(De= layed)—A handful of Norwegian saboteurs and, American bombers finally stopped tHe production of

| “heavy water”—an atomic splitting

material-—at the giant 250,000-kilowatt Rjukan hydro electric combine in November, 1043, Up until that time the Germans had managed to obtain about four tons of heavy water, which the employed for atom-splitting experiments in Germany These experiments were aimed at splitting uraniu

{atoms and producing an explosife of devasta

Hoosier

POTSDAM HAS NOT SOLVED ILLS OF THE WORLD" By C. D. C. Indianapolis, According to the boys of the press and the radio, the Potsdam -conference has been a great success. It seems that the best agricultural part of Germany is to be given to Poland and Germany is to be stripped of most of her industries and we are going to teach her the ways of democracy. There is an old saying that “when the wolf knocks at the door, love. flies out the window.” So it would seem probable that if any German ever loved Miss Democracy, he will soon he looking for a divorce.’ Here, however, are the facts: Under this arrangement about 65 million Germans will be herded together in a place about as large as the state of Indiana. They can not produce enough food even for a bare subsistence and if they are

for export they will not have any| money to buy food from foreign countries. The situation is about the same {in Japan, only worse. If the Japs] {are compelled to live in their four) main islands after this war there {will be several million Japanese liv-| ing in a territory comprising about {170 thousand square miles, much lof which is mountains and volt canoes. Now, I suppose a lot of people {claim this is poetic justice for both jthe Germans and Japanese. {fortunately such a condition will not only affect the Germans and| Japanese, but other countries as well. These sore spots become a cancer | which is likely 10 spread all over the world unless we fed them per-

{guard to keep them subjugated. I will admit quite frankly that I

police them permanently.

multiplied them. n n »

“TEST OF DEMOCRACY IS RACE PROBLEM” By D. H.,, Indianapolis It seems to me that it is about!

time that we get set straight in| problem” our thinking on the fair employ-|“white problem” as well because it] In the first!is the white race to the greater]

| | ment practices act.

|place such an act is not just for

the benefit of colored people alone.

It is for all the peeple — Negro,

Forum uu.

(Times readers are invited to express their ‘views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsie bility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.) -

forcing any employer to hire an applicant whom he does not want.

not allowed to-manufacture goods)

Un-|

don't know what we should do with | either the Germans or Japs, but I do not believe the people in this] country want to either feed them or| America there are still many peo-

The Potsdam conference has not, solved. the ills of the world, but/ are willing to combat any un-|_ American activity that might arise.

The greater portion of work accomplished by the FEPC during the present crisis has been settled { peaceably through conciliation and | arbitration.

1t is true that race prejudice cannot be stopped by passing laws.| Neither can we stop people from | driving on the left hand side of | thé street when they are supposed to drive on the right. Yet, without| such a law we would have no form of social control and our society 'would be in a chaotic state. So-| cial change comes about slowly, but too often a policy of gradualism is| used as an excuse for doing noth- | ing about a problem that vexes us.|

]

morrow when the need is urgent) {today has but a negative effect. | Every, great civilization has had an| | acid test for survival. The Greeks | ‘and the Romans, Napoleon, Hitler— | fall had theirs. The acid test for]

|manently and keep an army on American democracy lies in how | pp FORCED TO RESIGN”

|she will handle her race problem. |

employment practices act will cause |

{ple, white and black alike, who are anxious to see democracy work and

In substance, I agree with that] well-known writer, a Southern white woman now liv-| ing in Georgia, who sees our so- | called race problem not as a “Negro "alone. To her it is

| extent that discriminates against

| people because of race, creed \or! |color, Let us hepe that all Amer-

| Catholic, Jew or Protestant — who|icans, white and colored alike, wijl

fairly in the matter of employment. |

ers.

The fair employment practices act|fair employment practices act not

to” does not have the sole intention of |be necessary.

side Glances=By Galbraith

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the

To say I will take care of that to-|

| To think that the passage of a Jere]

the rise of Ku Klux Klanism con-| iv force. tains but one element of truth. In| e

Lillian Smith, | One creditor sued, and drove him

| velt family's treatment of Elliott's

feel they have been dealt with un-|soon learn that all men are To a Presidint's son.

Then and only then will a

your right to say it.”

“FOUNDATION OF WAR LAID IN NEW CHARTER" By R. Sprunger, Indianapolis Article I, section 8, paragraph 11 of the Constitution of ‘the United States grants congress the power to declare war. Chapter V, article 42 of the Charter of the United Nations grants the Security Council of eleven members the power to “take such action by air, sea or land forces as may be necessary to maintain ox restore international . peace and security.” Article 43 of the same chapter commits all member nations “to make available to the Security Council, on its call and in accordance with a special agreement or sgreements, armed forces, assistance, and facilities, including rights of passage, necessary for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security.” Ratification of this Charter repeals a basic part of the Constitution, In example, a simple legislative act takes the place of a con- | stitutional act. Ratification by 34 states is negded to make a& constitutional change. Have the states ratified, giving the President power to declare war? The Charter gives him that right. Edward Stettinius is, or was, slated as the American states representative to this Security Council. This man also represents powerful | American capitalists. American capitalism will need quick action to maintain its gains of world war II. The foundation. of world war III is strengthened by the mis-named peace Chaziel

“ELLIOTT ROOSEV ELT SHOULD

By A. E.. Whitemore, Indianapolis 1 do not think Elliott Roosevelt should be allowed to resign from our He should be forced to [resign. He should be given a medal for nerve. In 1931, a friend of mine had a small business which failed. He paid as many of his debts as he could. His father loaned him all he had, to protect the family’s good {name, But it wasn't enough.

{into bankruptcy. But, when he got on his feet, he paid off all his debts including those wiped out by the | bankruptcy procedings. How does. Elliott's and the ‘Roose-

{debts stack up with the record of this man, who would rather be right

I resent the fact that our country’'s treasury will take a loss, If Elliott's creditors are allowed to deduct Elliott's defaulted obligations from their taxable income. The Roosevelts are still making history. And how is air-traveler Blaze doing these days? " rn ” |“GIVE US 17-YEAR-OLD GIRLS A BREAK" -

By Another Seventeen-Year- old Indianapolis

I have heard people talk about “sixteen and seventeen” year-old girls until I am just sick. But what can we do about it? Nothing! We just have a grin and bear it. Golly, we have been called everything from “jail bait” to “booby traps.” You know there is one thing people seem to forget. There are good girls just as well as bad ones. »Gosh—Seems like we can’t even go to a show without looking for a “soldier” to “pick up.” People have made some terrible remarks to my girl friend and me. Gee, people, you don't know just how bad that makes us. feel. We are just like yourselves, We like movies, too— just like you. We are only hu-|’ mans. So, folks, I beg you, less

Girl,

dirty remarks, You'll make us feel like we are somebody again, I think I speak .for every girl in the city. Give us an even break.

———-——————————————— DAILY THOUGHT He that receiveth a prophet in the name of‘a prophet shall receive’ a ‘prophet’'s reward; and he that receiveth a Fiehuous man in the name of « righteous man shall receive a ig man’s Te-

8-8

[OPE 1948 BY NEA SERVICE, ING. 7, M. REG: U8: PAT, OFF, ’ ' XE uf

power. The destruction of the heavy water suppl played a great part in preventing their success. One of the world's greatest hydroelectric setups Rjukan was the first mass producer of heavy water

This story was suppressed by censorship until the new atomic bomb was actually used,

It began production in 1035 three years after the American Bureau of Standards announced the dis covery of heavy water. By 1042, when it reached the peak of its proauc tion, it was turning out five kilograms, or about 1 pounds a day, which at pre-war Priges was wor $60,000. The Rjukan combine was owned by «Norsk-Hydro, a company in which the Germans, French, Brit: and Americans and Norwegians were leading share holders. Before the war heavy water was sold in th United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japa and all were using it in a frantic attempt to telea control and employ atomic energy.

Had To Be Stopped

THE STOPPAGE of heavy water production a ,Rjukan was as urgent as it was difficult. The Ger mans simply could not be allowed to have a stead supply; their success in employing atomic energ might have meant an abrupt end of the war despi our successes, But the hydroelectric combine lies in wild countr on the eastern edge of the Hardanger plateau, wher the weather is unpredictable and generally bad. The place where heavy water is made—Vemor: —{s a comparatively small plant nestling deep in great ravine, midway between the upper reservoi and Rjukan, the lowest and largest of the three hydro electric plants in the local group. The process © making heavy water made sabotage difficult. The process involves the passage of water throug some 288 electrolitic units, each containing a varyin number of electrolitic cells: The first unit contail 20,400 cells, the second 7206, and so on down to th final unit, which contains a single cell. There are 13 preliminary stages in the trans formation of water into heavy water and 10 fi stages, which take place after a high degree of con centration has been reached. The final product is achieved only after six month) processing, by which time the original H-2-O or pla water has been transformed into D-2-O, or, heav water. The “D” stands for deutrium, which is th Jame as hydrogen. except that it weighs twice Juch. Since most of the machinery in the plant coul be replaced readily, any sabotage effort had to b directed at the part of the plant which contain a large amount of finished or nearly finished heav water. & This happened to be a medium-sized room o the basement floor of the Vemork plant,

Task For Parachutists

IN OCTOBER, 1942, four Norwegian parachutis dropped onto Hardanger plateau, 30 miles wes of Vemork. They had rations for one week and e pected to be joined within a few days by five othe saboteurs, carrying demolition charges. Due to b weather, the other party actually was not droppe for four months. During the four-month wait the four parachutist remained on the blizzard-swept Hardanger platea sleeping in wooden huts, living on reindeer moss an wild reindeer meat. The five others eventually arrived late in Februar and the nine-man army moved into action, - In a heroic night-time march across the .canyo below Vemork, they reached their objective, place their charges and got away clean. “We saw th Germans, but they didn't see us,” one of the leade sald. The heavy water section was completely out 0 action for several weeks and did not start functionin properly. for six months. > Then, on Nov. 16, a great formation of Fortresse and Liberators came over and wrecked the powe plant, stopping production for good. Our bombers ha found another target farther north, obscured b weather, and attacked Rjukan as a ‘“seconda | objective.” f

IN WASHINGTON—

More Speed |

By Peter Edson ~

WASHINGTON, Aug. 8.—Banker John W. Snyder, of St. Louis, the | new assistant president in charge of the home front, has just had a needle stuck into his backside, right up to the eye—of the needle. So far he hasn't sa ouch, and probably won't. He has a reputation fg being tough-skinned and able to take fit. The sharp stab given to Mr. Snyder through t needle was the fourth annual report of Senatd James M. Mead's war investigating committee. T. report found that “reconversion has pot proceede as swiftly as it should have.” And that “the offic of war mobilization and reconversion, acting too ofte as a conciliator rather than an exsealsye, fails fill the need.” . The jab wasn't aimed primarily or ‘personally g Snyder, but at the two gents who preceded him office, Justice James F. Byrnes, who is now .secret of state, and Judge Fred M. Vinson, who is no secretary of the treasury. Kicking this job around so that three men ha held it in the last. four months obviously has do the country no good. It is also a healthy thing 1d a senate’ committee to stir up the authorities keep them awake to their responsibilities. At t same time, it is dirty politics to belabor a new offic. for the sins of omission of his predecessors, ~

Worst of Problem Still Ahead AS OF AUG. 1, military production has been ¢ pack 15 per cent. It will be cut back 25 per cent b September and 33 per cent by.the end of 1045, Yet even with a third of the military productio stopped, there won't be enough raw materials to sup ply all the civilian requirements. Mr. Snyder's needling is inconsistent in other spects. Complaint is made that government-owne war plants haven't been releasd for clvillan produc tion fast enough. Yet the policy has been to kee government plants going on war production so th privately-owned plants could be freed for recor version. Complaint also is ‘made that surpluses have nd been declared fast enough. How can surpluses K declared till the war is over? : The army is criticized for slow release of its gre reservoir of manpower, thus retarding industry's conversion. On the next page is a pious declaratio that the first responsibility is to win the war an “for that reason, there should be no diversion of prd duction capacity or manpower.” Finally the office of war mobilization is crith because it has been too much of a policy and conc tion organization and not enough of a direct Op ing agency.

ony wooden! I¥s- time To be, thinking about a new fur coat= | - 7 that old one of mine will fo

'WEDN]

+ 1

; WASHING \ The navy, to lef that the . stay by oiti record of the This “first the navy sai “and a “halt y new type be definite and in a modern Vice. A

“of the naval

the Iowa, fi battleships o missioned, b 150,000 miles without suffe erate damage The dama atoll in the 1} nese shore bs one shell lan turret, the ot the ship. T were started Yet the Io action, the from her 16with shore g