Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 August 1945 — Page 10

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"dally (except Sunday) by

- per Alliance, NEA Serv“ice, and Audit Bureau of

-ening all Europe. But this will injure Poland more than

_ to hold it. It was conquered by Russia, and only Russia can keep it conquered for her—if it can be held for long. From

shortsightedness of her alleged friends.

- tentative, pending the peace conference. ~ only Stalin and Polish extremists are set upon it. Though

dianapolis ‘Times

Monday, Aug. 6, 1945

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RILEY “5551

POLAND, BEWARE! mm THE Big Three have given almost one-quarter of Germany to Poland. If history means anything, that is not the road to peace, but to future wars. ’ Ethically, it is wrong by American standards. It is a violation of the Atlantic charter pledges by all the United Nations, including the Big Three and Poland. Practically, this severe dismemberment of Germany i= not likely to work any more than did the earlier partitioning of a far weaker Poland. Therefore this proposed settlement—altogether apart from considerations of justice or right—would be a menace to Europe and the world. World War II began over a rhuch smaller German-Polish territorial dispute than this. To see this vast grab as merely a loss for the Germany that deserves punishment, and gain for the Poland that deserves reward, is short-sighted. True, it will hurt Germany economically—perhaps so seriously that, like dismembered Austria after World War I, instead of being selfsupporting she will be a source of economic infection weak-

Germany. A strong and unified country would run a grave risk in trying to take over alien territory almost half its own size. Poland is weak and divided. She needs convalescence to achieve health. If she bites off more than she can chew, the result will be indigestion or much worse. »

# »

EVEN IF Poland could digest such a huge meal of conquest, still it would.leave her a slave. For Poland did not conquer this German territory and is not strong enough

» s =

the day that Poland takes this German land she will be permanently dependent on the Red army.

This is not freedom. She will have sold herself into bondage. Even Germany under the Potsdam terms can work her way to eventual freedom. But Poland may enslave herself permanently through her own greed or the

We have always defended Poland's legitimate rights and supported her against encroachments by both Germany and Russia. We protested Russian seizure of much of her eastern territory. We agree’ that Poland should have East Prussia—not as an ideal solution, but as a lesser | evil than alternative German ownership and a Polish corri- | dor which caused war before. Moreover, we think that the addition to Western. Poland of some former German

4 belief that every pipe smoker has a secret and sup-

1-this— time in--the shape of cute little pipes, the bowls of. which are. so. small that. it requires only _

territory, including parts of Silesia, can be justified on racial, economic and security grounds. But the proposed | Oder-Neisse line, with the Polish frontier within 50 miles of Berlin, is beyond all reason.

Fortunately this line is proclaimed by Potsdam as | Also fortunately, |

President Truman and Prime Minister Attlee have agreed | to this line under Russian pressure, perhaps they and moderate Polish leaders can yet dissuade Stalin from such a disastrous course.

SIZE OF THE ARMY

SENATORS JOHNSON of Colorado and Taft of Ohio are declaring that the army is larger than it needs to be to defeat Japan. They doubtless are sincere, and it is possible they may be guessing right. If Japan were suddenly to fold up and quit, the senators could claim they had called the turn. | But at best their opinion is only a guess. For the senators | have no special knowledge as to how long and with what forces Japan will continue to resist, nor how large an army it will take to go in and dig the Japs out if the war goes to the bitter end. : : In such matters it has always seemed to us best to! trust to the judgment of our military commanders. Gen. Marshall, chief of staff, and Gen. MacArthur, commander in the field, should know better than anyone else how large an army is required and how best to deploy it—and they can’t afford to take the chance of making a wrong guess, This controversy, however, does point up a practical problem in the army’s relations with congress and the | public. The time has come, with the conclusion of the war against Germany and hopes of an early victory over Japan, when the army can no longer get everything it demands merely by demanding it. The army must be able to show | that it needs what it asks for, whether in manpower or | materials,

® » » » ” n

WITH shortages of almost everything on the home front and the military drawing on those scarce items at | will, and sometimes seemingly at random, it is inescapable that friction and resentment should arise—unless there is reasonable explanation of the necessity therefor. Home- | front co-operation is not aided by such a stiff-necked atti- | tude as the army has assumed in its refusal to furlough | a few thousand coal miners, despite proof that a coal shortage may seriously impair war production next winter, The army showed more realism in releasing railroad workers to help in the nation’s transportation crisis, but even there the army did not yield gracefully or in time. It was not for an idle purpose that in the constitution | congress was given power ‘to raise and support armies.” That power carries with it great responsibilities, including she responsibility of holding the military at all times accountable to civil authority. - We have confidence the army can justify the size and strength. of the forces it intends to.maintain. We insist it owes a duty to justify all of its policies. Since the war | , and long before the United States entered it, | has been resolving practically all doubts iavor | udgment of military experts. In this case, perhaps | | ition will be conclusive enough to satisfy Senators and Taft. But explanations should be made Which je othe people’ ISP wealives -

| know that no pipe-smoker—not even a prime min- | ister—can talk any length of time and keep his pipe

{ leader of the House of Commons has never removed

| plan for these millions.” | are divided into three categories:

OUR TOWN—

Pipe Dreams 3

By Anton Scherrer

A WEATHER VANE that takes: my fancy is the recent news that a pipe-smoker has been made prime ‘minister of the British Enmipire. Thus two of the Big Three are of the same breed of men, the corollary of which might well be that pipe smokers will inherit the earth. In support of which I cite Edward J. Koss who runs the tobacco stand in the lobby of the State Life building. Almost immediately after the British election returns were confirmed, Mr, Koss issued a bulletin the general {import of which was that the number of pipe smokers in Indianapolis had increased 50 per cent since the last census in 1940. The probability that the world will be turned over to a breed of men contradictorily described (on ‘tHe one hand) as sour, splenetic and stubborn, and (on the other hand) as sweet, amenable and utterly charming, calls for an analysis to determine, if possible, just what in hell it is that we are heading for.

A New Governing Breed

WELL, I'LL tell you. What's more, I'If “put it in the vernacular to preclude any possibility of misunderstanding. It means—get a grip on yourself—it means that from now the world will be governed by a breed of men whose behavior is not unlike that of Kurt Vonnegut, Dr. William E. King, Lee Burns, Alfred Brandt, Stephen Noland, Brandt Steele, George Buck, Dr. Reid L. Keenan, Adolph Schellschmidt and George Chambers Calvert, On second thought, perhaps I ought to rule out Mr, Calvert. His is a border line case which is to say that his handling of a pipe is not the result of a God-given-gift.- Mr. Calvert got to where he is by the trial and error method, and the best you can say for him is that he is still trying—and trying hard, too. Offhand, you wouldn't suspect that such a group of individuaiists has much in common. To tell the truth, they haven't; but, even so, it's: more than you think, The fact, foi instance, that three of the Indianapolis pipe smokers wear flowing neckties. may look like mighty little to worry about. It looms big, however, when you discover that the pipe smokers wear all the flowing ties there are in Indianapolis. Indeed, the more you think about it the more it warrants the

pressed desire to wear a flowing necktie,

‘Emotional Urge' Explained

THE PROBLEM then, as I see it, is to account for the emotional urge that moves a pipe smoker to want to wear a flowing tie. It may mean’ the digging into Freudlanism, but don’t get alarmed. This time it involves no sexual complex. Te be sure women are buying an amazing number of pipes nowadays, but according to Mr. Koss most of them land in the lips of men—once, anyway. What worries Mr, Koss a lot more is the fact that women are buying too many museum pleces—

five matches to empty one, Well, as I was about to say’ when the women distracted me; the urge to wear a flowing tie, it turns out, is a dead give-away. For one. thing, it advertises the fact that the wearer- has access to the secrets and structure of nature by some higher method than by experience. Thus, by the law of association, it is possible to explain why a gifted smoker so often has the virtues of a mystic, and more often the vices of a Bohemian. In both cases it represents an indifference to the established conventions of society. Which is to say that pipe smokers are out of this world and have to be judged as such.

Judged by Own Standards

ONCE YOU understand that pipe smokers have to be judged by standards other than of this world, the better you will be able to comprehend the shape -of things to come. Take the case of Prime Minister Clement Attlee, for example. Maj. Attlee has been labeled the’ most uncommunicative of men. Measured | by the standards of the world that was, such a defect would have been classified as “taciturnity.” It takes on a transcendental meaning, however, when you

going. Nor is Mr, Herbert Morrison's habitual grim visage anything to worry about. Chances are that the new

the dottle (British for gunk) from the bottom of his bowl. As for the fixed look of concentration on the faces of the other members of Prime Minister Attlee’s cabinet, it’s guineas to crumpets that everyone is wondering where his next match is coming from. Shwcks-my pipe has gone out again,

ce oe WORLD AFFAIRS—

Loud Sphinx

by By Wm. Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Aug. 6.—There are silences in the Potsdam communique which speak far louder than some of its most forthright paragraphs, No mention is made, for instance, of manpower as a source of reparations from Germany. Or of slave-labor. Yet information received here indicates that Russia will benefit at the rate of some

$6,000,000000 a year from prisoner of war labor |-

alone. According to the Czech fortnightly review, the European = Observer, there are now between four and five million “German prisoners in Russian hands. About a million of these—the elderly volksstuermer, combatant women and the wounded —remain in Germany. The rest—some three to four million—were marched off to Russia, to huge depots near Leningrad, Moscow, Minsk, Stalingrad, Kharkov and Sevastopol. The fit had to do about 22 miles a day. The physically handicapped went “in handcarts or carts pulled by spare beasts.”

| Russians Have Definite Plan

“FACTS NOW reaching this country,” organ,

says the “indicate that’ the Russians have a definite At the various bases they

. Category A are the “war criminals”—those who have directed crimes against Russia or the allies. | Those “responsible for atrocities in villages and so on, are removed to the scene of their misdeeds. There they will be tried as soon as the legal process is determined by the. allies, Category B comprise the underlings—the servants or instruments of the big shots. These ‘will be | put to work rebuilding the cities, towns and. industries which they destroyed during the war, In Category C are the vast majority of the war prisoners. Theére are no individual charges against them. They will be put to work rebuilding farms and whatever needs to be done. But they will have certain privileges. They can write home— they may learn a craft. When their families In Germany have a* home to return to, these prisoners may have a chance to join them.

Release of B's Up to Them

WHEN B category prisoners are. released will depend almost entirely on themselves. They will be given certain definite tasks to perform. I they loaf or engage in slow-downs, the Russians will not interfere. It will merely delay their .own return home. : The prisoners will work under Russian “ovetseers.” If the number of. valid German prisoners 15 | 2,500,000 say, and the average pay of the skilled |

and unskilled is estimated’ at $8 a day, then they I Sno seven, 10

"It was a mistake trying toi impress that soldier next door by hang: ing out the wash, mother—he said he wished his mother : odd fi nd a maid like: mel ]

will be contributing to Russia the equivalent of | | $20,000,000 worth of work daily, or six billion dollars worth a year. At this American rate of pay, an average of | two years of labor per prisoner would net the Soviet | Guion somedune Hae 12 3a. bition Solas in in reparations. |

Hoosier Forum

“EXPERT TEACHING FREE IN HORSESHOE PITCHING”

By Arlo E. Harris, Pres, Indianapolis Horseshoe Pitchers Assn,

Horseshoe pitching is a fine game. Its inexpensiveness and lack of rigid physical qualification places it within the reach of every-one—teen-age boy to grandfather. Anyone with a free-swinging arm and moderate eyesight is potentially a champion, if he has competitive

ispirit. Though it is much less rigid

than baseball it is very good exercise. The constant walking, bending to retrieve and stretching with the pitch takes weight off the midriff. It's a good morale builder and breeds reciprocal good fellowship. In all tHe state and national meets I have attended I have witnessed many close-shoe arguments, but none which weren't settled without resorting to violence. Of the boys who pitched with us up to 1941— our last.year of organized pitching— many have distinguished themselves in our armed forces. Our thirdplace man in the 1940 state open went down with a unit of our fleet when our fleet was the underdog. Not one of those boys is in Pendleton or Michigan city. Like any competitive sport it offers insurance against juvenile delinquency. Come to Brookside park any Sunday from noon until dark. Bring a friend or your boy. Watch our weekly tourneys. There is no charge. Learn to pitch on soft clay courts with soft steel shoes, styled by professionals. Expert instruction is yours—free. ” » “BOYD GURLEY WAS ONE OF AMERICA’S GREAT EDITORS” By R. A, Indianapolis I have read in The Times of the

death of Boyd Gurley. He was one of the great editors of America, a tolerant but fighting editor.

The attached was written by Boyd Gurley in 1936 for a friend and is so true even today. “There is no secret. She never used an allas. She never wore a disguise. She welcomes every man and woman and child who approaches our soil. “She has been present at the birth of every true American. She has walked with every true American to every ballot, box. She has been at every christening in every chapel or cathedral. She has walked with every child to their first school room and has witnessed

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

(Times readers are invited for those mothers too, don't think

to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because ‘of the volume received, letters. should be limited to 250. words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

every graduation. Her sons and daughters belong to every race and every creed. She has watched our men march to battlefields and wiped away the tears from the faces of mothers when broken bodies were carried home. “She has asked for sacrifice but she has given consolation. She is as frail as doubt but as strong as faith. She has called. often and never been disappointed. She calls now, more pitiously than she has called for generatioris. She calls for her sons and her daughters to defend her. Her name is Liberty.” » » » “DEAR MOM-—I FIGURE I'M LUCKY TO BE ALIVE” By J. T. F., Indianapolis I received this letter from my son in Worms, Germany, and ask that you please print it, “Dear Mom—You ask me if I

be -going. :

I haven't. “Whenever I saw a G. I. up on the line, laying with his head blown off or an arm or leg gone, that made me think I was pretty lucky to still

the..people. back home who don't know a damn thing about war. When they hear about an air strip being taken or a piece of land taken, they are happy, and they should be, but I often wonder if they stop to think there have been a lot of boys blown all apart and killed and lost arms and legs and eyesight and a lot, more I'm not even going to mention. “Lots of people back home don’t realize what it’s all about when they see a show. They don't think of the suffering the boys are going through. They come out and say, boy that was a swell show, then go home to bed. A bed with springs and white: sheets and everything. I wish I could tell everybody just what I am telling you. Boy, they make me so mad just thinking about it. We get the news over here how they raise hell in the States every night, going out and having fun. I felt so sorry for them in the States when they put the curfew on so all places closed at midnight. There was no usé in that. Let them have their fun while they are still in the States. But also let them stop and think about just how a group of guys-take a piece of land. Let them think of the machine gun bullets they are ducking, of the 83s and mortars. Let them think about that. I have often wished that some of them could come over here, try digging a hole while bullets whizzed all around you, and see how they like it. I mean all those guys that are

That's one trouble with!

think I'l be coming home soon. | telling about divisions getting rests. I don't think so. I've been over I have talked to guys from a lot of

only about 11 months; and there Outs. and they never knew what a are fellows that have been over | here two and three and even four years, and they aren't home yet.| So I don’t think I'll be home until I've been over here for at least a year anyway. Just think of the fellows like Bobby Keith who are not coming home at all. You always want to remember those poor guys. I figure I'm pretty damn lucky to come out alive even if I have to. stay over here two years or more. You see what I mean, dont’ you, Mom? Those poor guys are never coming home, they won't even be buried in American soil. Their mothers will just have a picture to look at, and boy I have a lot of respect

Side Glances=By Galbraith

“lif Aap

Lapa

rest was. “Well, T had better close this letter now because I am getting mad and I might say something that would make somebody mad.” » o ” “WONDER IF IT ISN'T ADULT DELINQUENCY” By Law Abiding Citizen, Columbus Are we living in a civilized coun-

POLITICS—

Out of Sight

By Thomas L. Stokes

WASHINGTON, Aug. 6-—Diplo-macy and the handling of international affairs during this war have been on “the stratosphere. level. They have been out of sight of the crowd which was fighting and dying and Had an earnest interest in preservation of peace. World leaders have stepped quickly into airplanes or boarded fast war vessels and gone off to some ' corner or other, There they sat down, in resplendent Isolation, and made decisions affecting their people. This was true of the Big Three, in witness whereof were the secret sessions at Teheran, Quebec, Yalta and now Potsdam. It ‘was true, too, of our enemies who started the war. Mussolini and Hitler. used to hop about to meet each other and plot some new plot to top the plots they had already plotted. It was star chamber, castlé-top stuff for which, of course, there were valid reasons. It was airplane diplomacy. The airplane. brought a new type of diplomacy, just as it brought a new and more awful sort of warfare.

‘Big Shot' Style Near End IT SEEMS a rather healthful development, there fore, from the Potsdam conference, that this per= sonal, big shot sort of business apparently is about to end. It is more conducive, too, to a normal state of affairs, both- diplomatically and otherwise. It would appear that hereafter, through creation of the council of foreign ministers at Potsdam, thas these big matters will be handled on a more routine, regularized basis at the level below the chiefs of states, whether they be presidents, prime ministers or dictators. It appears that it won't be necessary to have the big shots, themselves, slipping off secretly to talk for days and then decree a communique, with everything irrevocably fixed. Incidentally, the creation of this more or less permanent organization of foreign ministers; in which France and China also will be included, will supply a continuous contact between the big powers which should make for greater harmony. The lack of it almost, got us all into a lot of trouble several months back, when things went awry in Italy, Greece, Po= land and Belgium. Everybody was blaming everybody else for it. It was cried aloud then that some permanent organization of foreign ministers was needed. Now we've got it. Maybe, in time, diplomacy will get back to the stage where foreign ministers and secretaries of state write notes to one another, which never stopped wars, it is true, and probably started some. But a least that was written down in black and white, even if it was sometimes black and white double talk.

Would Help the Historians

IT IS old-fashioned, but it seems somehow more sane and orderly. And it will help the historians, ‘Think what-a-time they're going to have trying-to figure out-what-Hitler-said-to-Mussolini -on-such--and such an occasion, and what Mr, Roosevelt said to Mr. Churchill and vice versa, and what each said to Mr. Stalin and vice versa, and what Mr. Truman said to Mr. Attlee and Mr. Stalin, and so -on—and what they thought about it all. Maybe somebody in the Big Three kept a diary. Woodrow Wilson used to tell it to the kaiser in nicely polished notes, which you can read in a history book. And he said it very neatly, too Maybe diplomatic writing is becoming a lost ars. That might ‘not be too bad, either. But over the long term perhaps it's better than the secret sese sions of the big shots which is not a good diet for the health of the world. We can set our sights better on the smaller fry.

IN WASHINGTON—

Wage Hikes {

By Peter Edson

WASHINGTON, Aug. 6—Pros-|: pects for a change in the govern-! ment's wage policies within the next’ few weeks lead to some fancy speculation. That the Little Steel Formula will be openly broken seems doubtful, even though V-E day has come and gone, though 70 congressmen signed a petition to President Truman asking that it be done, though labor leaders have been clamoring for it for over two years. Instead of being frank about it, however, ways will be found to bend, not break, the Little Steel Formula. The new adjustments are being planned to permit the office of economic stabilization, office of price administration and war labor board to save

"their faces and maintain the fiction that the good old

line is being held. Artful economic dodging of this kind has been going on for some time, though how it kids anyone is hard to see. For instance, the top men tell you the coal wage agreements approved this spring by WLB and OES did not break the Little Steel Formula, True, there was no increase in basic wage rates, Bus the miners got increased travel-time pay, overtime for all work after 35 hours a week, more money for seocnd and third shifts, and vacations with pay. What usually isn't mentioned in the same breath is that, as a result of these fringe adjustments, OPA

try any more? Since reading headlines like these we can’t help won» dering — Michigan called “A Cupid Club for Lovelorn.” That is about the most disgraceful thing that could happen to this or any country. We have the finest churches and schools .and more of them than most any country, and yet headlines such as these make us wonder if we are progressing or digressing. We hear so much about juvenile delinquency these days. Then we read another headline, Man 70 “Rolled” — Police Seize Woman. We wonder if it isn't the other way,

tavern, drinks with a woman, then goes to a hotel with her, she

state prison

adult delinquency. When | an old-man 70 years old goes ih a

shouldn't only rob him but she should beat him up besides. Poooor | old man, one foot in the grave, the!

J other on the brink of hell.

What I can’t understand ‘is why are these thugs you read so much about never caught? A store is broken into, merchandise destroyed amounting to thousands of dollars, that is all we hear of that. But.a 16-year-old girl is arrested for rolling several soldiers. I am for the soldiers one hundred per cent when they stay in their place. - Some are just too easily rolled. Don't tell me that a soldier that has been on the fighting front on any battle fleld is so helpless when he ges over Sp a A36-Yearoid girl can rob him, just like that.

Are we trying to imitate Ger-

.many with her crimes’'and atroci-

ties? If we dre then God pity us all

DAILY THOUGHT

When I say unto the wicked, O wicked man, thou shalt surely die; if thou dost not speak to warn the wicked from his way, that wicked man shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will T require at thine hand. —Ezekial 33:8.

had to allow an increase in the price of coal. Se is this holding the line, or isn’t it? The popular theory around Washington now is that certain wage increases can be granted withous increasing prices and that some price ceilings can be raised without necessarily increasing wages. They're both good tricks if they can be done. But how?

Evading the Problem ONE proposal is to remove from WLB authority any wage agreements made between employers and employees, provided the new contracts do not call for higher prices of the product. That would ease the problem off the WLB doorstep and out from under the Little Steel Formula ceiling. . But where do such site uations exist? Labor leaders have recently become quite alarmed over OPA’s new price policies for the reconversion period. The original idea was to have manufacturers start producing consumer goods for sale at 1942 prices, But the way it works out, most manufacturers will be permitted to add allowances -for increases in the cost of production which have occurred since 1941. What all these authorized price increases will add | up to, no one can tell. But they are bound to mean

some increase in the cost of living.

The device of granting fringe increases, as in the coal cases, has been mentioned. OES Director Wile liam H. Davis gave his old pals on WLB authority to do that last April. At the end of May employers were told they could raise minimum wage-rates up to 55 cents an hour without WLB approval. This might be extended by raising the authorized minimum to 65 cents. Davis is known to favor this step Tor certain low-paid ine dustries, :

‘Wage Hike Possible REMOVING regional wage differentials might be another means of increasing pay. That wouid bring southern wage levels up to northern averages, though it wouldn't help the high bracket men in the northern industrial centers where living costs are highest. Taking a look at an industry's profits might offer another escape. If it were found that’ any industry could pay higher wages and sill make more money than it did in prewar times, pay increases oud be wrung out of the earnings. Finally, there might be an admission that the Bureau of Labor Statistics cost of living index, ‘on which the original Little Steel Formula was ] does not accurately measure the wartime rise if living costs. Whersas BLS 400 Mimili 10 4 WaStie thetents ot less than 30 Jor zai cent, labor groups contend the ac actual tnatents fo doses to 45 per cent. It the gov.

ance, the vay a rae

er 3 W