Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 August 1945 — Page 8

sian zone of occupation, which in-

MINES BLOCKADE

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

s Made by Big Three [GERMANY NOW

FRIDAY, AUG: 3, 1045

'day—139 Iwo-based Mustangs dam= aged 14 enemy ships, knocked out thrée. aircraft and blasted installations at the Okazaki, Meifl, Kiyosu,

cludes the rich industrial and coal region of Silesia.

. Reparations for the U. 8, Great

Most Senators Approve Decision

(Continued From Page One)

give more details of the decisions reached-—and of the many unmen-

‘tioned issues.

The major unanswered. question gation, elimipation or strict control|ent Spanish regime for membership What role does Russia plan t0/of all potential military industries in the United Nations, the Big in the closing days of the Warland a specific prohibition against| Three decreed. Some quarters saw

ix: ‘play

Five major decisions stand out: | Spanish government was considered

fr ad ONE: Definition of the kind of future in store for Germany—complete disarmament and demilitari-

an outlaw,

“Its origins, its nature, its record and its close association’ with the aggressor states” disqualify the pres-

The London meeting of the foreign finisters coufidil—to be held

the final United Nations peace conference what Dumbarton Oaks was to the San Francisco conference, It will give the big powers a chance to reconcile their differences over the

not. later than Sept. 1—will be to

Must Atone for Terrible

KNOWS ITS FATE

Crimes of Naziism.

Britain, and other nations entitled?

them will be exacted from the

western occupational zones, which include the industrial Ruhr valley ‘and the mineral-rich Saay basin.

In addition, -Russia will get 25 per

cent of removable heavy industrial

JAPAN'S _SHIPPING

(Continued From Page One)

but working on plans for mining op waters.” Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz recently “called the mine-laying job done by the silverly B-29’s “phenom-

Komaki and Kokogawa airfields without loss, ean

At Nagasaki Wednesday—250 Oki=

nawa-based planes sank 10 enemy ships and wrecked drydocks, ship= yards, railway yards and harbor ine stallations witHout loss. :

final settlements in Eurepe and present a united front to the full-dress

equipment in the western zones which “is unnecessary for the German peace economy.” ..Reimburses Allies ~ For 15 per cent of this western

3d Fleet Blacked Out Adm. William F. Halsey's 3d fleet still was under the security blackout clamped down on it after Mone day's carrier-plane raid on .the

against Japan? ; Few had anticipated that the Big | Three communique would give more than a hint on an issue of such]

“tremendous import, so that lack of yaterials, machines and equipment ONE: The western boundary of

manufacture of airplanes or sea-|in this, the end of Franco. going ships. | Ranking ..with the major Big TWO: Agreement on a formula Three accomplishments in interest |peace conference. for extracting from Germany—in were .these unmentioned subjects:}. One of the major difficulties at Paris in 1919 was the lack of agree-

enal,” in a commendation of units in the program. Radio Tokyo reported that 100 American fighter - bombers carried forward the relentless assault, shoot-

(Continued From Page One)

sections of their homeland, and all industry “that could be used for military production.” ,

via:

~Surprise here.

specific. mention of it was not &/ reparations to compensate for the | What is t0-beé done. with

: Germany. Stalin Lauds Ttaly [loss £59 suffering inflicted by 8 the Rhineland? There have been " But there was little doubt that, THREE: Creation of Big Five demands for its partition, for inter“the military matters of common council of foreign ministers to dragi| nationalizing the Ruhr and ceding interest” discussed by the chiefs of [peace treaties with the defeated the Saar to France. The absence staff of the United States, Britain nations for submission to all the|0f France from the conference may and Russia involved Japan. {United Nations. The German peace | have precluded any announcement It was also noted that Generalis- [treaty will be postponed until a|but it was felt the Big Three must Simo Stalin had signed a commu-|central German government jsjhave exchanged views on this probnique which praised Italy for at formed. That is not an early possi- ‘Mm. ; a Joining the allies in the strug- pility. 1 TWO: The future of the Dardengle against Japan-—notice that the FOUR: Tentative agreement on |£11€s: Russia is pressing Turkey for Russians no longer are concerned a new agreement which would i he western boundaries of Poland. | : about offending the Japanese . IT at voundary was settle q | Strengthen Soviet guarantees for a Most officials here expect Russia ig. eastern : This is an is-

\ y ater outlet, § at Yalta. The Berlin decision | 1 ya eI . . to be in on the final stages of the {sue in which Britain's MediterranJapanese war. But one senator—

would give the former capital of | oan rx : : policy figures prominently. : sia— h w n Magnuson (D. Wash )— | East Prussia—home of the junkers predicted that unless Russian help

: THREE: The future of Austria. —and the surrounding territory to That country already has been was “absolutely necessary” she Russia. The rest of East Prussia, promised independence, but no menwould not become a belligerent the free city of Danzig ard all of] The senate had recessed for two

[tion is made of plans to implement Germany east of the Oder and the that decision. However, Russia's months 24 hours before the re- Neisse rivers, which includes min-|,., ca) that its unilaterally-spon-sults of the Big Three meeting were eral-rich and. heavy industrialized’, oq Austrian provisional governannounced. But members still here | Silesia, would go to the New Poland. ment be extended to all of Austria generally were enthusiastic about! FIVE. Promises to the defeated was blocked by Mr. Truman and the plans for removing forever the| axis satellites and all neutrals, ex- the British. The latter insisted upthieat of German aggression. Those | cept Franco Spain, to support their on postponing a decision until after who noted the absence of -final de-| applications for admission to the the entry of British and American cisions except on the future. pf Ger- | United Nations. . forces into Vienna, a move made many approved. The former satellites must form earlier this week.” : ‘Go Slow Over Peace’ , [democratic governments to qualify] Thus the Big Three have left for “If they go slow, we'll have a and the neutrals must be willing|their foreign ministers some of the better peace,” said Senator Elbert!to méet the requirements set forth most controversial issues of postD. Thomas (D. Utah). {in the United Nations Charter—ac- | war Europe. The communique of “the confer-|ceptance of the obligations and 5) Other problems on the council of ence of Berlin” was the most de-| willingness and ability to carry them | the foreign ministers agenda are tailed but the least spectacular of| out. Italian-Yugoslav claims on Trieste, any of those on earlier meetings of, The Big Three. in effect, made a| hot spot of the Adriatic, and disBig Three leaders or their top offi-| joint moral break with Generalissi- position of Italian colonies which ctials—those in Moscow, Tehran,| mo Francisco Franco of Spain when | the Russians want to make interna-

Cairo, Yalta. |they served notice that the present | tional trusteeships.

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ment in advance by the big powers on what they intended to' do. Months of wrangling ensued and the Big Four of that war eventually had to hold a rump conference during the regular parley. The foreign ministers council was set up to speed what the Big Three agreed was a major immediate need —early establishment of the -conditions of lasting peace in Europe and termination of the present “annomalous position” of Italy, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary and Romania, the former axis adherents. Central Rule Out The decision to prohibit formation of a central German government for the time being will postpone any change in Germany’s status as an enemy nation whose fate is in the hand of the allies. The Big Three agreed that “first among the immediate important tasks to be undertaken” is the preparation of an Italian peace treaty. Italy is the only former enemy nation whose armistice terms still remain secret. e Big Three gave these reasons for. their cohcern about Italy: She was the first to break with Nazi Germany “to whose defeat she has materially contributed”; she ‘has now joined the allies in the struggle against Japan; she has freed herself from the Fascist regime and is making good progress toward reestablishment of a democratic government. The only thing holding up Italy's entrance into the United Nations now, the Big Three said, is conclusion of a peace treaty with “a recognized and democratic Italian government.” The 6000-word communique, divided In 14 sections, dismissed some subjects with a few sentences while dealing with others—like the jcontrol of Germany and German reparations—at great length and minute detail. . ¢ Fleet’ Disposal Agreed Agreement “in principle on disposal of the German navy and merchant marine ‘was reached, for example, but details will not be revealed until experts have worked out specific plans. Three times in the communique the Big Three mentioned freedom of the press. They guaranteed ‘the allied press “full freedom” to report to the world developments in Poland before and. during the forthcoming elections. They guaranteed the same in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Finland. And they pledged respect for freedom of the press in Germany subject to military security provisions. 3 The western allies have been. trying to get Russia to let reporters into Soviet occupied territory for { many months. . Criminal List Ready The first list of major. war criminals whose crimes have no particutar geographic location—the Goer- | ings, the Ribbentrops, the Himmlers,

THREE: Reparations will strip them of all industrial equipment except the bare minimum necessary— with the aid of agriculture—to maintain their economy on a subsistence level. FOUR: They will never—so long as Russia, Great Britain and the United States call the turn—make another airplane, fashion another buzz-bomb or rocket or build another sea-going ship of any kind. FIVE: They will be denazified and demilitarized for keeps, and their cartels, syndicates and trusts will be broken up.

SIX: They will be restricted to a standard of living no better than the average in the countries of Europe they devastiated and plun- | dered. - SEVEN: They will be made to realize that they have “suffered a| total military defeat” and that they| “cannot escape responsibility” for| their plight

racy and peace, they will be subject] to rigid allied control of their po- | litical, economic, industrial, scien- |

institutions. “No Institution to Destroy”

“It is not the intention of the! allies to destroy or enslave the! German people,” thé Big Three said. : “It is the intention of the allies that the German people be given the opportunity to prepare for the eventual * reconstruction’ of their {life on a democratic and peaceful | basis.” To this end the allies will strive to restore democratic local government, democratic pelitical- parties, free trade unions and—“subject to the necessity for maintaining military .security”’—freedom of speech, press and religion. To- the . fullest< extent. possible, Germans will administer the: economic controls imposed upon them in order to bring® “home to the German people” the fact that responsibility for “any breakdown in these controls will rest with themselves.” : Machinery Functioning The allied control council and occupational zone machinery for Germany already were functioning when the Big Three met at Potsdam. | . ‘ What the Big Three did was to set forth political and economic principles of a co-ordinated allied policy to insure that, “so far as { practicable, there shall be uniform[ity of treatment of the German { population throughout Germany.” The Big Three also elaborated on the Yalta decision that Germany| must “compensate to the greatest! possible extent for the loss and] suffering that she has caused to the United Nations.” i

No total valuation was set upon |

share, allies to an equivalent value with food, coal, clay products, petroleum and other commodities. made for the other 10 per cent.

claim to a German gold deposits captured by anglo-American armies.

ever, principle” that the Soviet Union shouldd have a sizable chunk of | East Prussia extending eastward | from the bay of Danzig north of | Braunsberg and including the city of . Koenigsberg.

tific, judicial, legal and educational torial claims which may later be [pressed in the west by Denmark, | Holland, Belgium and France.

Russia will reimburse her

potash, zine, timber,

No. payment will be Russia, however, relinquished all

share of the large

Precisely how much territory

Germany must give up will be determined when the final peace settlement is made with a democratic German government.

in * the distant future

Pending that determination, how-

the Big Three “agreed in

‘Swift and Sure Justice’ They also agreed that Poland

{shall have the remainder of East EIGHT: For as long as-it takes| Prussia plus a large part of eastthem to learn the ways of democ-|ern Germany,

including Silesia,

extending westward to the Oder river.

Nothing was said of any terri-

ing up military targets in the greater Tokyo area only a few hours after Manila and Guam -communiques tallied up the results of three more attacks on the Japanese islands. Attack Four Cities

Tokyo said 105 Mustangs, presumably from Iwo, had attacked Utsunomiya, Omiya, Maebashi and Takasaki in two waves about 10 a. m. All four cities lie on the outer rim of the greater Tokyo area. ; Three of the raiders were shot down and two others heavily damaged, Tokyo claimed. Radio Osaka confessed that American strafing raids had interrupted Japanese train schedules

Tokyo area.

I » The final tally for that attack

showed four warships and 20 merchantmen sunk, 33 warships and 59 merchantmen damaged, 124 enemy planes destroyed and 154 damaged.

This represented an increase of 35

vessels and 51 planes destroyed or damaged over the earlier totals an= nounced for the strike, Ships previ ously unreported included a de= stroyer sunk and two destroyers and a destroyer escort damaged.

Ground installations stretching

from Tokyo to the Nagoya area also were damagegd, among them the Nagoya arsenal.

Allied losses for the raid totalled

14. planes and 14 airmen.

and created considerable confusion. An emergency meeting of railway | personnel has been held to study means of coping with the situation, Tokyo said. | Although silent on the enemy re-, port of today's fighter attack, allied | headquarters at Guam and Manila! announced these results for three! earlier raids: a |

{

In the Tokyo area Monday—car- | rier planes of the 3d fleet destroyed or damaged 278 Japanese planes) jad 116 ships, including 33 {ships. | In.the Kobe-Nagoya- area Thurs-|

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