Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 July 1945 — Page 6

* wheat ‘growers haveerefused to be licked by problems

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se Indianapolis Times

"PAGE 6 Saturday, July 21,1945

ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE _ HENRY W. MANZ President | Editor Business Manager (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

“UNEQUIVOCALLY” FOR POLAND AMERICA'S determination that allied pledges for a free Poland shall be kept was registered yesterday by citizens groups and the state department. The official and unofficial accent was on fair elections and uncensored Ame press correspondents. Among eminent citizens signing such a petition to President Truman were Herbert | Hoover, Alf Landon, Hugh Gibson and William Green. These developments apparently dispose of fears that the United States might wash its hands of the entire matter following recognition of the new provisional government— “in which the Communist minority retains majority power. In reply to specific questions by Senator Vandenberg, Acting Secretary of State Grew said: ONE: We have established full diplomatic relations and chosen Arthur Bliss Lane as our ambassador to

Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, NEA Service, and Audit Bureau of Circulations. RILEY 5551

REFLECTIONS—

G. |. Ivan

By Nat A. Barrows

BERLIN, July 2l.—Break down the language barrier, get him to chate ting about - himself over a cigaret, and the average Russian soldier is not : so far apart from the American G. 1. The Russian is getting tired of living in the ruins of Berlin and never seeing anything but, crumpled buildings and piles of debris. He likes to talk about the garden of his back home, which he hasn't seen in years. He doesn't want any more war—with’ anybody. And he's just as eager as his American and British opposite that the Potsdam conference ‘should end successfully. 3 A group of us are sitting in the shaded courtyard of the grotesque ruins of Hitler's chancellery. Vladimir, the first sergeant, who remarks offhandedly that he killed 230 Germans during the battle of Berlin, and Srebenjuk, the down-faced lieutenant of artillery, both express regret that we have to use an interpreter.

They Need Another Language . THESE BOYS like Americans and they like

Britons—but the language difficulty... . it's so hard to know -us -Westerners. : But they will learn English, yes . . . in one year they will: speak it and we will drink much vodka then, to celebrate. Already, Srebenjuk has learned some German. He can ask directions and tell the Germans to get moving, and he is very pleased with himself. Fight Japan? Well, to tell the truth, they've had all the war they ever want. Vladimir shows his wounds: His neck, bullet-scarred; a badly gashed arm, and leg injuries—souvenirs of the “long -drive into Germany. But they'll fight if they get orders. They do as

Warsaw. TWO: Our government has made clear “that it ex-| pected American correspondents to be permitted -to enter | Poland in order that the American public may be fully | informed of the situation in that area.” Also our govern- | ment “for some time has been pressing the Soviet author- | jties to authorize American correspondents to enter eastern | and southeastern Europe.” THREE: Whether there is need for international supervision of Polish elections will be determined, so far as Washington goes, on the basis of Ambassador Lane's reports, and if there is supervision the United States will insist on partcipating equally with other powers. Mr. Grew then made the first statement of general American policy since recognition of the Warsaw regime: “I wish to point out that American policy with regard to Poland continues to be based on the decisions of the Crimea conference. Both President Roosevelt and President Truman have gone on record that the United States government stands unequivocally for a strong, free and independent Polish state.” we - It seems to us significant and hopeful that President Truman has authorized such an “unequivocal” declaration by the state department on Poland at the start of the Potsdam conference.

BRETTON WOODS APPROVED HE senate’s prompt and overwhelming approval of the Bretton Woods agreement was based more on faith and hope than on cold calculation of financial risk and busi- . ness interest. : 2 ve We are putting up one-third of the money, and 43 other nations are putting up two-thirds, in the $17,900,000,000 |

‘Shitcieg of wwerld hank and icternptional monetary fund, |

The bank and the fund are to be created withthe worthy |. &

“intent of aiding in world reconstruction, revival of world ~ trade and stabilization of world currencies—all of which are incident and prerequisite to world peace. ° The extent to which the Bretton Woods undertakings succeed will depend largely on how well they are administered, and on the good faith of other nations participating. The agreements establishing the bank and funds are so loosely drawn that they alone provide inadequate safeguards. The senate’s vote accurately” reflects the determination of the American people to peplve all doubts in favor of international co-operation. Ig {he same spirit, a few days hence, the senate will re#ify the San Francisco Charter. Then we'll wait and hope that other nations show similar good faith and eagerness to co-operate.

A HERO LEAVES THE FIELD HE “disability” that prompted Maj. Gen. Claire L. Chennault to resign from the army nine years ago did | not prevent his becoming one of the most colorful figures | in niodern military history. : Combat aviation grew up to be pretty much of an exact science from the time that Gen. Chennault came to beleaguered China's assistance in 1937 until his return to active duty with the United States army air forces after Pearl Harbor. But the exploits of this former stunt flier and his brave band of “Flying Tigers” retained a dashing quality of improvisation. This was from necessity rather than choice. Gen. | Chennault had only a handful of planes, a lot of adaptability, and some intrepid pilots with which to confront the superior Jap air force. But confront it he did, and on many 6ccasions confounded it as well. The “Flying Tigers” shared with China some of her most perilous days, and it is much to their credit that China survived them. Now with Japan beaten in the air over China, as he himself says, Gen. Chennault has again retired. He leaves behind another record of American ingenuity, courage and humanity that is in our finest tradition. And he takes with him into civilian life the thanks and admiration of two - nations that he has so ably aided.

THE FARMER DOES IT AGAIN IF there is any farm problem which might stump the, American farmer completely. we, for one, won't undertake to say what it might be. Time and again, especially during the world emergency, he has faced “insoluble” problems. He has been called upon repeatedly to do things that, by all rules of logic; simply couldn't be done. Confronted with labor and manpower shortages unparalleled, he has been asked to produce as farmers never have produced before. Yet he has done just that—a statement that applies to American farmers everywhere. ih . Thus, only because farmers have done the impossible so often before; it becomes less astonishing that the nation’s

resulting from the biggest crop and the worst shortages of _ storage and transportation facilities in history. In one way or another, he is managing to hold to miraculously low levels ~ the wheat losses that could easily have reached disaster Weudon’t pretend to know how he has done it—just as haw he has done the “impossible” so often

it might be simply that the word “im- |:

in the dictionary the

| room, for nine days. .

| European structure, there is sound reason to believe | the San Francisco charter will eventually fail for

| universal suffrage and secret ballot.”

they're told in the Red army—or else. The soldiers lounging about us, fascinated at being able to exchange ideas with an American, all nod. They know what orders mean. . That is the way the Red army trains them: Follow out orders exactly, without change or deviation. Or else. : Vladimir recounts his part in the battle of Berlin— how.he fought from house. to house, from room to . . How he waded and swam through the Berlin subway to outmaneuver the Waffen S. S. fanatics, entrenched about the Wil helmstrasse. . .-. How the Reds mowed down the hated S. S. by the hundreds, no, by the thousands, whenever they refused to surrender. And how they danced and sang for days after

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| Dismal Looking Place, Ain't It?

"Hoosier

victory and how they ate such food, good German

food, as they hadn't known in months. |

They Want to Go Home

NOW, IN the jagged shadows of the wrecked chancellery, near the spot where Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun may or may not have died, they want to forget the long, hard battles that they have left behind. - They waht to go home and see what has happened to their families and work in their little gardens. a They show their Swiss® wrist watches proudly. Vladimir has two on his left wrist, one on his right. He'll keep one and sefid the others back home to be traded for cattle. The Americans collect Nazi medals and swastikas; the Russians concentrate on cameras and watches. And so we chat about life and war and loneliness. The language is so strange and the uniforms are variated, but behind the barriers are just a couple of guys who really aren't so different in many WAYS if you can only get to know them.

FOREIGN AR

Charter Test By “Wm. Philip’ Sirnrmy << :

WASHINGTON, ‘July 21.—Unless the Yalta pledges to adhere to democratic processes in liberated Europe are implemented at Potsdam, the world’s peace-saving machinery may break down for lack of popular support. Monday, the senate will take up the San Francisco charter. It will be ratified speedily. by a tremendous" majority. Congress and the people are overwhelmingly in favor of American participation to safeguard the peace. But, warn advocates of -the charter, the test is yet to come. It will come when the Big Five—anyone of which can veto action by the security eouncil— face the use of force to prevent or put down war. When that times comes, even the most ardent proponents of the new league admit, a great deal will depend on the underlying causes. In the democratic countries, at least, public opmion-would not sanction the use of force to perpetuate what it regarded as a wrong.

Charter Must Have People's Okay

UNLESS THE Big Three at Potsdam recognize this principle, and act upon it when planning the new

lack of the necessary popular support. At Yalta, the Big Three promised to work hand-in« hand in the liberated areas of Europe. They would observe the democratic proeesses. They would (A) help establish conditions of internal peace; (B) carry out emergency measures for the relief of distressed pecples; (C) form broadly representative: interim governments pledged to the earliest establishment of truly representative regimes through (D) the holding of “free and unfettered elections on the basis of

Specifically the Big Three were to apply this formula to Poland and Yugoslavia, But they were also to apply it to the peoples of the former axis satellite states. Thus far, however, they have not applied it anywhere.

No Freedom in the Balkans

THERE IS an almost complete news blackout over all eastern Europe and the Balkans. Such information as has leaked out, however, makes it clear that, so far, the Yalta agreement is a dead letter there. Moscow-controlled regimes are in power. Freedom of speech and of the press—without which the promised “free and unfettered elections” can never be held—is lacking. The Warsaw government, which Washington and London hastened to recognize, fundamentally is no different from the others. In the western half of pre-war Poland over which it rules, Communists have previously been a weak minority, yet at least three quarters of the Warsaw regime are of that persuasion, Poland is overwhelmingly Catholic. A memorial to President Truman; warning that the Polish question is not settled and that it constitutes a threat to the peace, has just been made public. It is just one of many straws in the wind. Among others, ,it is signed by former President’ Hoover, Alf Landon, Hugh L. Gibson, John Dewey, Mathew Woll, William Green, George Creel, the presidents of Brooklyn college and Fordham university. ! Senatar Arthur Vandenberg, one of the principal proponents of the charter; Senator Ball, of Minnesota, one of Capitol Hill's leading advocates of international unity for peace, and others openly share the general view. : The test of whether or not the peace charter will survive will not come next week in congress, be decided largely by the kind of world peace that is blueprinted at Potsdam.

ikiag lis ‘gratis price?

1t will 1}

“WE ARE NOT GOING WITHOUT SOAP” *

By W. C. Reese, Shelbyville { A few days ago the head of OPA was quoted as saying in a local pa-| per that while we ought never to| lose the right to criticize, that) criticism of the OPA would mean | inflation if congress repealed the] same. A United States senator states that it is unconstitutional and sends through the mails a speech attacking the OPA. |

He states that cattle in the very days when America was wanting | meat-was being turned back at the stockyards of Oklahoma and the! farmers had to take them home. | A few days ago potatoes disap-, peared from the market and sud-| denly to pop out again like pop-| corn. What the public wants to! know is who is pulling the strings.| It is quite simple to call from the] market beans or potatoes and make an artificial scarcity and add a few cents when they are put back on the market. Who is guilty of pro-/ Sugar is scarce so (he Housewife | is told, but over 3,000,000,000 tons) go into the production of liquor,| and when food is needed so badly housewives in Marion county re-| ceive twelve pounds, owing to the fact that someone with authority neglected to take the matter up in time—while Rush county citizens] long ago had twenty pounds of sugar allotted them. Just-where Is there equality in rationing if I live] in Marion county I only get eight] pounds, while if I live in Shelby I get twelve pounds cf sugar. I was informed that a man who made and sold snow balls at the fair was given 750 pounds of emergency sugar, but the housewife gets| only twelve pounds. Today food is going to Europe| by the tons and a good price is | being paid for the same. It is time| that these internationalists to wake| up to the fact that the people of | the United States of America de-| sire the same consideration as the | people of Great Britain. The Hon. | Raymond Springer developed that| there was no scarcity of soap, but that ten millions pounds was going to Europe and he was answered with the statement that he| was right, but his estimate was too| small, that it was fifteen millions | of pounds that was allotted to Europe. Millions of dollars are being made by these exporters at the| expense of the American people. | These internationalists are-laugh- | ing at us isolationists now, but wait | until the elections, we are all go-| ing to be nationalists in our think- | ing. We are not going without soap.

.1../To. my, ming’ (since, he prefers to became President the

| get in touch with the Forum Editor?

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

“EVEN A BAD THIRD PARTY "| COULD DO SOME GOOD” By C. D. C,, Indianapolis | As I recall, it was during the administration of Calvin Coolidge that’ a certain congressman published ‘the names of 67 men whom he [claimed were the real rulers of the United States. Incidentally; the name of Calvin | Coolidge was not mentioned. The linference was, of course, that the | real powers behind the throne put (up both Republican and Democratic (candidates for offices and we voters {elect which ever we wanted, while ‘the real powers behind the throne

“WHY DO YOU ALLOW THIS SABOTAGE IN YOUR COLUMNS?” got exactly what they wanted, re|gardless of who was elected.

By Harold B. Smith, 3148 Northwestern ave. | i I believe that it is time that the, Be that as it may, I think about

Americans living in our fair city everyone will agree that there has call to your attention the fact that not been a time since the first world we strongly disapprove the mouth-|War when there has been any clear ings of the so-called “Watchman” Cut issues between the two parties. ad printed in ‘your paper. ~ Even in 1932 when Mr. Roosevelt issues: at remain entirely anonymous) I judge’ Stake Were not toe aleprly drawn. that he is either Japanese, German To the majority of peopie any or British in origin, since those are change seemed desirable. Since.that the three countries which are chiefly time the personality of Mr. Rooseinterested in trouble arising be- velt had considerably more to do tween the United States and Russia. with his election than any differSince he has so much time to de- ence that existed between the two vote to his writings, he certainly! parties. either has a wonderful income of || I do not claim to know anything his own or is being paid by someone at all in regard to the new Nationfor all the time thus spent. . .. alist party that is being formed. If “ignorance is bliss,” he must The reports. given out seem to be be the happiest man in America that it is something that is paray. | ticularly bad. While we Americans who have! However, we usually find that been in service and have sons in|something good usually comes from service at present realize that all of |everything, even from things that us fought and are fighting for free- are exceptionally bad. : dom of speech, we still cannot be| If the new Nationalist party beexpected to sit quietly and allow comes strong enough to teach both said freedom of speech to be used to old parties that they cannot stay in cause American boys to lose their power by traveling in the same relives, |actionary groove, then some good If, as you have announced in your may be accomplished. While not columns, this said “Watchman” is|claiming to be a political expert, it not on the payroll of The Times, it would seem to me that we are more seems that you should give us old |jjkely to progress with a rather

Forum

(Times readers are invited to express -their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, le}ters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no wa implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts andscannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

[lifetime subscribers more definite strong third party that threatens

information as to just why you al- the two major parties than without low this type of sabotage to appear | one, : : in your very fine newspaper, | The old Populist or know-nothing a : party was formed because the com(EDITOR'S NOTE: Full, free ex- mon people were the .victims of pression of all points of view is the grave injustices. -Likewise, the Proessence of democracy. The Forum gressives or Bull Moose party, while exists only to provide for such ex-|it never did succeed in getting into pression, is open also to views op-| power, nevertheless did succeed in posed to those of The Watchman. | prodding the old parties into a more The score to date — heavily anti-| progressive attitude, After all the Watchman.) new Nationalist party might be a 5 4 good thing for the country. ADDRESS WANTED ? »

n Will the Forum contributor whose | “CABBAGE SEED FOR

Side Glances=By Galbraith

letter was signed “Donald” please LEND-LEASE} TO GERMANY” By Bert Wilhelrg, 2106 8. Emerson ave.

Our efforts disarm Germany are beginning to resemble our efforts at the end of World War I

i |

To The Point STANDING for hours to buy a railroad ticket is fine training for what you may have to do after you board the_ train. ! io * Br . .

THIS 18 cherry-picking time when little kids get’ so much per guart—with a tummyache thrown -in. gm sli Ew] Ley A

.

boy overseas—and finer

3 lo write to that buying

all the war bonds 3 oan” |

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"I can't reme

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to catch the Kaiser and make the

world safe for democracy. When we seize all of the German war materials, reduce them to bars and ingots in German furnaces and ship the steel and iron to tLe United States to be beaten into plow shares, farm implements and household goods; when we put German rubber plants to work {full blast to create tires for American automobiles, that 1s when we will make our wishes and demands a reality. If we desire to use the fleet .of {government trucks that are reported

-»e j PRESCRIPTIONS F———

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in Bloomington, Indiana, to deliver these metals from the seaboard to the fadtories, we can create a few of the sixty million jobs now stored in a vault in Washington. To appease our “Do-Gooders” we can start a national drive to collect cabbage“seed to lend lease to Germany. It is not too late to plant fall cabbage and an abundance of ~|kraut will surely appease even che Hitler youth!

DAILY THOUGHT

Their throat is an open sepulcher; with their tongues they have used deceit; ‘the poison of asps is under their lips.—~Romans 3:13. phe THOUGH thy face is glossed with specious art thou ‘retainest the cunning fox beneath they vapid

iia Fe 2 he soap. but the announcer on’ bas Ielep tO” +. oc

a

POLITICAL SCENE— .

| is the Hon, James E. Murray of Butte, Mont.

to be rotting down in a parking lot |

DIPLOMACY means saying

v

Sen. Murray By Pete Edson

: WASHINGTON, July ‘21.—New York Senator Robert F. Wagner is usually given credit for being the author of more New Deal legislation than anyone in congress. But if a new tally should be made today it would show that the one man sponsoring the most reform legislation ]

Murray's list includes these: : The highly controversial full employment bill, on

i |

which hearings soon will get under way. >

The bill .to create a Missouri valley authority. |

One strike has been called on the MVA by a senate

commercial sub-committee, but it has two more chances before irirgation and agriculture sub-com- | mittees in the fall, Si i The broadened social security act with new pro- || visions for public. health measures introduced by |! Murray and co-sponsored with Senator Wagner and || Congressman John D. Dingell of. Detroit. ' ; To Murray's credit on the statute books are two || Important measures: the : smaller war plants ach || creating the smaller war plants corporation—Murray || Is the acknowledged senate champion of small business—and the war contracts termination legislation which Murray, as chairman of a military affairs sib committee, co-sponsored with Georgia Senator Walter F. George, of the senate’s post-war planning and fin ance committee. :

Adocates Economic Reforms EVERY ONE of these measures involves a whop=

‘ping big economic reform. Yet there is little of the

usual social worker or professional .do-gooder in Murray's makeup. Conservatives might make a case that Murray is a dangerous radical, basing their arguments on his record in Congress.’ But there is nothing radical in his background. In the first place, he is a millionaire, maybe even a multi-millionaire—though not a multi-multi-mile lionaire. The basis of his fortune he inherited from a bachelor uncle, old Jim Murray. Young Jim Murray, the senator, who is a mere boy of 68, was educated at his uncle's expense as &| lawyer in New York university. Then he was put | to work in a mine, But'he built up his inheritance’ of hotels, utilities, mines and real estate so that today he rates as more of a business man—a rugged | individualist, if you please—~who says he is primarily | interested in saving the American free enterprise | systems and all it stands for. i When you ask Senator Murray where he got all these ideas, he pulls from under the table back of

"his desk a-leather-bound copy of Fortune—the maga=

zine of big business, mind you—and turns imme diately to a marked page in the issue of March, 1938. The title of the editorial article is, “Business and Government,” and the sub-title is, “A division of industry into smaller units might result in some surprising profits.” Yes, Murray wants to preserve the profit motive. There is not space to quote extensively from the Fortune article here, but the sub-head gives you the idea and it is the basis of Jim Murray's business and political philosophy today: . - .

A Foe of Big 'Interests'

HE INSISTS that his is not “labor.” Many labos lobbyists have tried to pin their pet projects on his coat-tail. But he never belonged to a labor union and he says he never represented a union in a law case. He is not anti-labor either. When he ran for re-election in 1942, he was supported by Phil Murray (no relation) and the national CIO-PAC, but was opposed by the CIO Montana local united mine, mill and smelter workers union. Murray has fought the big copper companies and all the other “interests’ all over the state of Mone tana, coming and going, and they've fought him. | When they tried to make peace with him after he licked them in the 1942 .elections, he spurned their offer... : 5 “ People who knbw Muyrray best and work with him explain him by saying he is ‘a vorn liberal. Congress is noted for its peculiarities, but Murray is unique even in congress. Shy and a poor speaker, he makes few statements on the floor.. But he works himself to the limit and he probably has more people in Washington working for him on legislative research than any man in town. {

IN WASHINGTON—

Disabled Veterans

By Douglas Smith

WASHINGTON, July 21.—Disabled veterans are in danger of becoming the neglected step-children of the government, the Disabled American Veterans charged today. s : ; . Veterans as a class will »e provided for, But treating veterans as a class is actually discriminating against the veterans who are disabled, in the opinion of the Disabled American Veterans. The DAV, though smaller than the two big veterans organizations, is composed of, and claims to speak for, men who were wounded or diseased in service. It opposed the ‘G. I bill and is often against the policies of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars. DAV leaders have criticized both of those groups as being “more interested in large mems= perships than in justice for the disabled veteran.”

Wants Pensions Raised THE DAV has called on congress to liberalize pensions and other benefits for disabled veterans and their dependents “according to the principles of fairness, equity and justice” Rep. Edith Rogers (R. Mass.) introduced a bill to increase pensions for men who lose limbs or are blinded in service. The government's definition of “total disability” is being challenged by veterans. A man who has lost a leg gets a pension of $81 to $138.50 a month, depending on the length of the stump. His disability may be rated as low as 40 per cent. But if he can’t get a job, because he has only one leg, veterans say he really is 100 per cent disabled. Many plant managers say they are reluctant for safety reasons, to hire crippled men, Insurance coms panies which write policies covering industrial haz ards say there is greater danger of injury for = crippled man than for a normal man..

Jobs for Disabled. Veterans ..ONE DAV demand is that the government pledge to reimburse state workmen's compensation funds for payments to disabled veterans “so that employers will not continue to be fearful of employing handicapped veterans.” 4 : Veterans leaders contend that unless strong laws are passed, many plants will hire able-bodied men rather than disabled men. The latter would receive unemployment compensatin only about one year, which generally is the maximum period. The number of men discharged for disabilities may run as high as 2,000,000. A study of their problem is one of the many tasks which faces Chairman John Rankin's House Veterans Committee,

So They Say—

WHEN THE time comes for us once again to pree pare citizens for a life of peace . ., we must resume our complete freedom to decide what students shall come here to study, what they shall study and how they shall study.~Dr. Charles Seymour, president, Yale university. - :

. . . UNIVERSAL training for national defense did not have its birth in militarism or autocracy. It has almost everywhere followed the banner of freedom and democracy. —Henry L. Stimson, secretary of war, » - .

OUR JOB now is ty keep our own lines of sea communication open and to assure the strict blockad of Japan.—Rear Adm. Arthur W. Radford. : : 5 , : ? . . w gids ‘ 4 : things in such a way you , :