Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 July 1945 — Page 18

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- The Indianapolis Times|‘g : PAGE 18 Thursday, July 19, 1945 °

ROY WAHOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ President Editor Business Manager

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. Give lAght and the People Wilk Fina Their Own Way

RILEY ig

‘MORE JAP PEACE FEELERS?

UMORS of official Jap peace feelers continue. The latest has Marshal Stalin carrying to Potsdam an offer handed

a >

By J James Thrasher

In: one college at Jdeast, returning veterans have created less of a problem of veterans’ adjustment than one of civilians’ adjustment. R. L. Lewis, veterans’ counselor at Colorido State Agricultural college, reports that student veterahs generally are determined to make the most of their educational opportunities. They are, he says, . studious and industrious, and there are far fewer failures among them than among the students with no military background. It would be as gweepingly untrue, to say that every returning serviceman and woman is serious and ams bitious as it would be to say that every one of them is neurotic. But it stands to reason that many col-lege-age veterans are going to take a decidedly different view of education,

Get Urge for Learning

forces have seen the value of learning. They have

to him by Hirohito’s ambassador in Moscow. Tokyo, while ridiculing surrender talk, says its ambassador to Russia | did see Foreign Minister Molotov before the latter left for | the Big Three meeting. Of course, the fact that the Russians and Japs are in official contact is not news and does not ‘in itself support the feeler reports. There are plenty of other good reasons | why the Japs should be busy in Moscow. One is that they are currying favor with Russia to keep her out of the war, perhaps offering territorial inducements. Another is that | they are painfully curious about the two weeks of RussianChinese negotiations. But there is no evidence that our enemy has received from Moscow either information or |

satisfaction. Last wedk Acting Secretary of State Grew said several unofficial Jap approaches had been reported, in which various individuals had criticized the allied unconditional surrender policy “as unreasonable but that they had not made any Jap counter-offer. He said these feelers are a familiar form of psychological warfare by which the hardpressed enemy hopes to divide the allies, through disputes over peace terms. J ~ = ; r » . WITH SUCH a sharp Washington warning fresh in our ears, Americans should be slow to accept the continuing - rumors about actual surrender offers from Tokyo. Nevertheless, recent events have gone so heavily against the Japs they-should be looking for a way out. These events include Germany's defeat, the freeing of a superior Russian army to threaten Japan, the continu" ously devastating American air attacks, and now the “preinvasion” naval bombardment of the enemy home islands. Unquestionably her fighting strength is seriously weakened. So this looks. like a perfect ‘time for an allied offensive in psychological warfare to supplement the bombing and bombardment. Our government should not simply complain that Jap propagandists are trying to divide Americans with phony peace maneuvers. It should be trying harder to separate the shaken Japanese people from their military dictators. We hope the recent decision to drop ‘millions of leaflets over Japan is the start of such a peythliopaa offensive. The leaflets quote President Truman's May 8 statement | that unconditional surrender does not mean enslavement | “but escape from destruction—if they act quickly. beaten Jap people maw2at be so fanatical when we tu . their fear from what will happen if they surrender to what will happen if they don’t.

JOB FOR ONE HEAD

RESIDENT TRUMAN is right, we think, in asking congress to let him put disposal of the government's surplus war property under a single administrator instead of the present three-member board. Three heads are better than one—for some jobs, But one head is better than three, as Mr. Truman says, when “quick and decisive” action is,needed. And disposing to best advantage of surplus property that has cost”the taxpayers billions upon billions of dollars certainly calls for quick, decisive action. Surplus war goods will bring the best prices, do the most good-in preventing inflation, and present the least danger to post-war markets and jobs if they are sold

.| is mostly a symbol,

| gentler,

seen the advancement that higher education and specialized knowledge can bring. And a lot of them have “gone to school” in uniform, learning new skills and sciences in concentrated, intehsive courses which taught in weeks what: a college course might take months or years to impart. A great many of the veterans in college have had combat experience, And the fact that they have seen nd faced death and escaped it may well be an added incentive to them for. exploiting their talents fully in the future years of life which happily have been spared them. : ) All men and-women who-have been in service must know that they helped fight a war that came into being because of the bigotry, greed, short-sighted~ ness and stupidity of an older generation, The more observant among them must know that alert, able and responsible minds are going to be needed to avert another such catastrophe in their |ifetime.

No More Campus Cut-ups

IT IS small wonder, then, that the veterans; counselor at the Colorado college finds this returning group of students eager for knowledge. Probably his experience is not unique, . It is unlikely that any veterans’ advisers will try to readjust the former soldiers and sail lors to.the prevalent college-student pattern of the years between world wars I and II. The social overemphasis, the mental laziness, the tradition of raccoon coats; John Held cartoons and goldfish-swallowing that characterized those collegiate generations sare things that the ivied academic cloisters and the country as a whole can well do without.

~ WORLD AFFAIRS—

Hirohito

By Wm. Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, July 13.—While Nippon rocks under allied blows, there are reports that, at or after the Big Three meeting at Potsdam, . the Japanese will be given a clearer definition of “unconditional surrender.” The most controversial phase of the problem has to do with whether the emperor, as an institution, shall be abolished, or retained and used perhaps to save thousanfls of Ametican lives. State department officials and others on whom President Truman depends for advice in such matters are said to be divided over the issue. So hot has it become that some who believe in retention are afraid

THOSE WHO have seen service with the armed 3

.|MF, Stalin; with the powers of a dic-

{man, able as he is, a product of one

“4

oosler Forum “THE PEOPLE WANT TO KNOW WHAT GOVERNMENT IS DOING” | By E. R. Egan, 701 Markwood ave. | The personnel of the Berlin con-| ference as it is constituted ‘— Mr. Churchill, a Tory of the old school;

death

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manu. scripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

tator, and our own President Tru-

of our most notorious political machines—could not exactly bé said to inspire a freedom of the press such as has operated to preserve the kind of democracy the world expects today, and not the least Japan watching and her victims likewise for what sort of traffic-horse-trading in peoples to obtain Russia's co- opera-| “STOLEN- FRUITS Sor, the more quickly to annihilate | ARE ALWAYS SWEETER" apan. . Chiang Kai-shek bas declared the |

By Mrs. Carroll Collins, Indianapolis

to speak up lest they be called “reactionaries” or even “Fascists.”

Tae Symbols or Rulers... pie | GNE». GaxP insists. that. Japanese SMperors are. em

merely symbols, largely religious and that their influence can be used for good as well as for pvil. The | other takes the position that the institution, as such, is wholly-bad and should be destroved, no matter what | the cost. More than a thousand years of Japanese history would seem to uphold the theory that the emporer | tool or instrument. four. great ruling families | or clans have dominated Japan: The Fujiwaras, | Tairas, Minamotos and Tokugawas. Each used the | mikado as a tool. During these many centuries the | emperors were virthially prisoners. Their religious and |

Since the eighth century,

moral influence over the masses was so great; how- | ever, that, without exception, the actual rulers made. | effective use of them. Before the rise of the Pujiwaras, the Japs, as now, were warlike and cruel. But the Fujiwaras changed | them. Buddhism was encouraged. So were. the | more sentimental, more scholarly Chinese | virtues. The people became cultured, peace-minded. { Modern Jap historians, in disgust say they were | “votaries of pleasure, profligates.”

Haven It Ruled for 1000 Years |

promptly, while other goods are scarce. If they keep piling up, as they are now doing at an increasing rate, they will ‘become a terrible burden on the future. The government | will be trying to peddle them, at a tiny fraction of their cost, many years hence. Just as it is still trying to get rid of surpluses left over from World War 1. : Congress created the three-member board against the advice of Secretary of State Byrnes, then director of war mobilization. Former Senator Gillette of Iowa, who resigned recently as that board's chairman, says experience has forced him to conclude that one man should be placed in charge. The new chairman, W. Stuart Symington, is- Mr. Truman’s appointee. We suppose the President would name him as the single administrator. Mr. Symington then would have clear authority to make decisions. And he would bear the clear responsibility for those decisions. Congress probably ought to make other changes in “the surplus property law, but ending what Mr. Truman. calls “diluted responsibility’ seems to us to be the change most urgently necessary.

a tre ——————

ANOTHER ALPHABETICAL AGENCY

HIS is a feeble protest and a minority report. It won't get anywhere because the craze for alphabetization, born | of the New Deal, has gone too far to be stopped now. it's a cinch that the new United Nations Organization is | going to be known as UNO : UNO, unlike WPB and RFC, can easily be pronounced | as a word, or rather, two words. As such the letters have | a suggestion of the shrugged shoulder and the raised eyebrow. Furthermore they'll be certain to give rise to some horrible puns. .. To our Spanish- ‘speaking neighbors to the south, of | course, UNO means “one.” For them ‘the initials might | have a nice symbolism—if a little confusing—except that | since their word order differs from the English, the initials | "don’t come out UNO in Spanish, anyway. The League of Nations may not have been a howling success, but a least nobody ever called it LON.. That, how- * ever, was in the dear; dead days. Today we don't have ‘time to stop ‘and speak the full title of even so fatefully | important a council as the United Nations 0 So UNO it probably will be. We don’t intend to fight | the rend, In fact, there will probably comela day when | J giinte are both short, and -UNO will appear: in sas, Yypugh, we don't ‘have tol

THROUGHOUT THE 400 years of the Fujiwaras, the mikados were figureheads. -For the next 700 years they were prisoners, This was the heydey of the | shogun warlords. ‘The country was run by a military | | regime set up at Kamakura, 300 miles fron» the castle- | gave military feudalism to Japan. did was to use their moral influence to keep the peo- | ple obedient to the real authority at Kamakura. Thus, more than 40 generations of Jap big shots | have used the mikado symbol to rule the country. Thus aided,*the-Fujiwaras converted the Japs from blood-thirsty savages to & gentle folk resembling the | more highly civilized Chinese, Through it the militaristic shoguns were also able to reconvert the same Japs back into the ruthless fanatics they are today. - The question now is: current prisoner-mikado—or his successor—as the Fujiwaras did to civilize the Japs? Or should the whole institution be wiped out and an attempt made to remodel the Japs from scratch? Unfortunately, this is no academic question. It is very real. Whether we shall have ‘to maintain an

What the mikados

i | | prison of thé mikados, and it was these shoguns-who { | |

years or longer depends upon the right answer. Unfortunately, too the problem is all tangled up with religion. The mikado is inseparable from Shintoism. To the Japs he’ 4s in direct line from the sun goddess’ worshiped at all temples, at Ise against religion, but Buddhism, Christianity, Juddism and the others still Shintoism, the national cult of Nippon, easier to wipe out.

So They Say—

ANY ATTEMPT to produce that number (35,000) | of extra physicians during the next 15 years would { require the creation of peghaps 30 new medical schools { and could only result in a serious lowering of the | standards. of medical education.—Dr. Willard C. | Rappieye, dean of the College of Physicians’ and | Surgeons, Columbia university, New York City.

Mohammedism.. stand. And may be no

THE EXISTENCE of black markets in meats and | | fats (except milk) in every city of the country. is |

sufficient evidence of a breakdown in control of both | distribution and price.—Herbert Hoover, former | President of the Unjted States. » ALL ‘oF Us want a tharier and a ‘world organization upon which we can build for the future.— i Dr. Herbert Vere Evatt, foreign minister of Australia, [at-the San Francisco world conference. » . . Hy NO MORE important question ever will come ! before you than how-to prevent the revival of Ger- | many's. ‘war-making might.—Bernard M. Baruch, | to the seflate miintary Ajtai committee. . ’ : AS’ SECR

from any, og but_ 1: iy. want tobe a

| least, President Truman will have

Should the allies employ the |

i This ‘| history.

army of“occtipatign in Japan for the next 25 or 50 |

the country's most sacred ‘of | There have been many crusades. |

TARY of - agricullyfe 1 ‘will EL run wi

{Chinese, with the weapons, could | Honestly, that article by Sherley

take care of Manchuria, and it be- | Uhl sounded -like the. old Times

{gins to look like they can, if Ameri-|

ca concentrates on the Japanese battles

when -they faught the underdog’s It proved beyond a doubt]

Britig kept; and mest adequatelyeadily (ox Kader. | We do not believe Russia to be al You can't control the public’s {warlike people, but we notice Rus- morals by laws. By closing the hot{sian territory, nevertheless, has a spots and the gyp joints you only {quiet way of expanding, and best make them more alluring to the |expressed by Mr. Stalin who in the public and leave your police force {dispute-of Polish borderlines »“won- open to criticism. dered what he would tell his peo-; I wonder who got the $13.000 ple,” the very core of a political bribes the taxi driver paid? The | leader’s Rhilosophy, best expressed street pickups are a far greater {by Mr. Churchill, “I did not become inénace than all the world's wars | premier to liquidate the British em- to our men, boys and girls. pire,” and last but by no means| I voted for you, Mayor, because I thought being an army man you would have plenty of good common sense, but this city has never been

to tell his alert people what he ac{complished to prevent them having | to go to Europe again to save what {democracy it has achieved in these mest devastating wars and their|tainly never took. suffering, in these wars does not ob- | Why don't you wake up to the scure a very keen appreciation of | | fact that gambling can't be con-| the comparatively Lilliputian stature | trolled but can be legalized by high |

ent.

{of the statesmen whose efforts in| | taxes, so high in fact that John Q.|

the past have yielded them prac-| | Public will profit from {tically nothing. | Twenty-three states have been smart

| From the Washington conference enough to legalize gambling but that men must be rewarded accord-

[to the attack on "Pearl harbor, and | the long, blue noses of our good | before that from the turn of the Hoosier state go blindly on! (century, our foreign policy has been their way, the wrong way. i practically non-existent: | When a place is wide open it no The people want fo khow what longer holds the fascination of a they are being comiiiitfed to, “and|closed “hideout: ~The -public--soon:

{what sort-of argument goes on 10|joses interest but the closed joints!

|attain it, and the people, the Britisi| ruin more youngsters than “good {and Russian likewise no less have a men can save. {right to know and how are they to} Last Sunday, know if the press is excluded from’ padlocked, I {these conferences. And what does freedom of the {in a stupor. [press written into the constitution | If they could buy a beer and go| {mean if it is not practiced in a crisis | their way they would stay sober lin the affairs -of mankind. not too much to say the most criti- has illegally. cal moments of its history, | Do you get my meaning—stolen | conference cannot escape! fruits are always sweeter, so wake | It must perforce be as sig= | up and save youth, police and your nificant as its commitments. {own face.

Side Glances— By Galbraith

saw men so drunk!

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the

L first,

mainland Oly part of the bavgaay: that the ~2lue noses have runt the; a right to say so. 2 CmEnnosed ANY. OLDEr.. DRYENS. PI

{in the days of its oppression. I have in a worse condition than at pres- never met anyone Who would rather Your army vaccination cer-|live in Russia.

them. [lage that it was in the second or

| the right to accrue savings and to

when all liquor is!

[that one was lying onthe sidewalk

It is|and not try to drink all the place|

your right to say it.”

| "WE HAVE SOMETHING | BETTER THAN RUSSIA" | By Voice in the Crowd,

Indianapolis Judson F. Haggerty, U. 8. N. R., I wish to say.that I am glad that you got your 30-day leave. 1 hope you enjoy it and. ghat you finish your-war record --without-in-jury. Second, I wish to say that the] Forum is an open discussion and a| living proof that Americans are free | to speak. Anything I write in the| Forum is based on observations | from my own experience. t I do not believe that my letters | have ever reflected anything that | should offend anyone who is |

{

broadminded enough to express | {their opinions- in the Times,

their people, ‘whether those people were here or on their native soil. There ‘is only .one country in| which I am interested, and I have! lived in that country“iong enough ; to appreciate and cherish what we have inherited here. | Since you ‘ask me: I have never been in Russia. I have met quite al few Russians and all that I have met have been‘ fine people. I sup-| pose they also have some bad ones I have several friends who have béen | in Russia both in its new day and

Russia has made great strides | since the revolution, and one of Ithose strides is that she has found out that people do not have equal

economic or social value. I he-third-five-year plan that they found

{ing to their worth, and they began treating the best of them with con[siderable dignity. ‘They now have

purchase homes of their own. Rus81a has learned that in order to make progress the capable .individ(uals. must be free to go ahead [Russia has a bright future, but surely neither vou nor I would want America patterned after Rus|sia, we have something better— {can we keep it? 5 » n “THIS FELLOW ROY 18 EVERYONE'S FRIEND”

| By Mrs. A. A. Wells, Indianapolis I would like to thank the park board or the city or whoever was responsible for placing such a féllow in charge of the playgrounds at Ringgold ave. and: Cottage ave, I am also speaking for many others in this neighborhood. Last summer it wasn't even safe for the smaller children to go into the grounds for the older boys, and | the slang they used in front of them. ‘ It's remarkable how we don’t hear any of this this year. This fellow (they call him Roy) can sure handle children and he is everyone's friend, too. Again I say thank you for | straightening out this playground. | I only hope he may continue to be here every summer,

J o o “ONE SURE WAY TO HOLD AXIS”: By A Negro, There is one sure way to hold Germany and Japan for at least one hundred years. Simply bring them to America and just let them try to exist, under the same enforced 'law of segregation and prejudice as the Negro is struggling with (for reasons unknown). I am sure those would-be supermen, guilty of their worldly crimes, would really be fenced in. If that couldn't hold them, there is nothing else that could. “' w

DAILY THOUGHT

Folly'is joy to him that is destituté of wisdom: '.But a man of understanding walketh uprightly ‘~—Proverbs 15:21...

Indianapolis

FOR never,

{two years ago.

| and senate for this purpose,

“ever, wicked | ‘man :

POLITICAL SCENE—

Job Program.

By Thomas L. Stokes

» WASHINGTON, July 19. — Congress is about to cease business until Oct. 1, as far gs domestic legislation is concerned, without doing anything about adequate unemploy-

ment benefits for those who will be thrown out of ' J

work" during reconversion, or without formulating a specific program to ‘provide full peacetime employment, *The house begins its long recess in the next few days. The senate is remaining behind to ratify. the San Francisco charter which follows the Bretton Woods agreement. Approval of tH& charter is expected early in August, after which Senators ‘will begin their vacations, . . Both branches are leaving their jobs here without lifting a finger, even in the preliminary committee stage, to enact measures designed to deal with what the late President Roosevelt called “the human side of reconversion—workers who will be out ot jobs, at least temporarily, in the reconversion process, Such measures have been introduced, as well as bills for a long-time job program, They will gather dust until autumn, unless Presis dent Truman intercedes and induces congress to get

I A. ta

back to work, or at least to do the preliminasy spadework in the committee,

They Don't Answer Letters

His letter-writing eampaign to congress, politely |!

suggesting action, has brought no results, take more than nice notes. :

It will |!

“It is getting late, too. Should the war with Japan |

end suddenly congress would be caught ill-prepared for dealing with acute, post-war problems. Recon= version already has begun. Unemployment also has started, as a visit to any large war center will show, It will accelerate from now on. :

Though congress has done nothing to provide for i

unemployed war workers, it -is ‘hurrying through,

before it recesses, a bill to assist business and industry §

in reconversion. The bill would make available now refunds and tax allowances, to five billion dollars, that originally were postponed until after the war. It would relieve small business of excess profits taxes at a cost of $160,000,000 to the treasury, This is for the purpose, as the senate finance committee feport says, of “improving the cash position of business enterprises.” What about the. cash position of the worker? This business tax. relief action, without commensurate help for the worker, repeats a spectacle of Then congress legislated first for business and industry in reconversion, providing the post-war allowances 1t is now making available ahead of time. Then it recessed for a long time befére taking -up bills for unemployment compensation for

the worker. 4

Truman Urges Compromise

Some benefits. But. President Truman felt they were still too low in many cases and he urged congress several weeks ago to adopt a compromise federal-state cys tem which would permit an increase up to a maximum of $25 for 26 weeks. Bills now have been introduced in both house though in some states low-paid workers still would receive only the state limit. The senate bill, introduced jointly by Sena=tors Kilgore. (W. Va,), Wagner (N. Y), Thomas (Utah), Guffey (Pa.) and Pepper (Fla), all Democrats, is much more liberal than the house measure, It includes federal workers not now covered, and provides travel allowances to new jobs, and increases the benefits of unemployed veterans, among other added features. »

I nave. stver IN. WASHING TON—=.

Water Lobby

By Peter Edson

WASHMGTON. July 19. — The formation of a new, joint “Water Lobby" to oppose creation of more “valley authorities” like TVA is credited to Fred D. Beneke of Memphis, Tenn. Beneke is a two-threat man. He 15 secretary- -treasurer of both the National Rivers and Harbors congress and the Mississippi Valley Flood Control association. Beneke called the first meeting of représentatives of organizations interested in saving the country from the authorities last spring. As a resi it of his efforts, in April some 20 associations which classify themselves as “land and water users’ organizations” {issued a four-page joint letter ‘to congress.. It presented a strong case for letting well enough alone and preserve ing states’ rights. Its highlight was an eight-point indictment against establishing any more gover mment corporations which would have political and economi@ authority that. crossed state lines and weré not answerable to congress for the expenditure of their revenues. This letter was published just before’ the senate commerce subcommittee opened hearings on-Montana Senator -James--BE.. Murrays. bill to create ‘a new Missouri valley authority. The committee reported against MVA. The letter wasn't the only cause, but it ‘helped. Roy Miller, acting president of the Intracoastal Canal association, of Louisiana and Texas, chairman of the water lobby's co-ordinating committee, was a star witness,

Lobby Makes Strange Bedfellows THERE IS no known compilation of the member« ship or resources of the 31 organizations in this water lobby. But a close look at the list reveals not only its power, but some strange bedfellows: Take the National Rivers and Harbors congress, founded in 1901. It works for bigger and better cone gressional appropriations for river and harbor develop=ment, and gets them. Its president is U, 8. Senator John H. McClellan of Arkansas. Its four national vice presidents are Senator John H. Overton of Louisi« anna and Congressman William H. Whittington of Mississippi, Hugh Peterson of Georgia and Charles R, Clason of Massachusetts. Congressman Dewey Short of Missouri, Four other congressiperf and three ex-congressmen are on its board of directors. National Rivers and Harbors congress makes a great point that {ts annual budget is only $12,000 a year., But when a pressure group has 10 active congressmen among its top os cers, maybe ‘money isn’t necessary. - Take the National Reclamation association. “It was originally organized in 1898 and was responsible for passage of the act which created the U. 8. bureaus of reclamation in the department of interior, The association was reorganized 13 years ago under the leadership of Governor George H. Dern, former secretary of war. Today it represents over 400 western state water districts,

'Sacred Cow' Association IT 18 pretty much of a sacred cow around the department of interior which has an unwritten rule against ever referriiig to ‘the association: as deriving any of its support from westérn railroads or private power companies, though it is openly charged with these affiliations by National Farmers” union. The water congervation comgggittee’s continuing’ committee came into being last September in, Chicago. It was a conférence called primarily by Na-

tional Reclamation association. Representatives from

28 states were assembled for theéwpurpose of perfecting. amendments to flood control and rivers and harbors legislation ‘then pending before ‘congress: Senator Joseph C. O'Mahoney of Wyoming and Eugene D. Millikin of Colorado attended and the amendments

| which they sponsored and the conference supported big thee of the 3i or

were wripien ; into the These 3 bably, the *

amounting ultimately

of the states since have increased their |

Chairman of the board is 3

WASHING

_ =The gover

nounice a b control nolic suspend pric items, incluc

_ types - of fu

sources reves This action said, to “st price admini spend more | power on pricing.” Deputy P Brownlee wt press confe. pricing late however, thi the new ex:

« has not yet

policy will b controls on to free OP power for “r « Informed | exempt no | tions if it be increase tl essential liv