Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 June 1945 — Page 12

“PAGE 12 Wednesday, June 20, 1945 -

The Indianapolis Times|

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Al Schacht

ROY W. HOWARD WALTER "LECKRONE President itor Business Manager

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Member of United Press, Bcripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, NEA Serv- § 4 month. , and Audit Bureau of J i edhe FSchipns —wowano]] W.. 3° © RILEY 5551 Give Light and the People Will’ Fina Their Own Way

FOR INDUSTRIAL PEACE NE of this country’s greatest needs is for an effective national program to maintain peace between labor and management—a program protecting all the essential rights of workers and employers but giving paramount protection to the public interest. Such a program is the aim of the proposed federal industrial relations act put before congress today by Senators Hatch, Burton and Ball. Here is a hopeful new approach to a problem that must be solved if we are to have maximum production and employment at home and strength to exert maximum ihfluence in a, world organization to prevent future wars

among nations. # ” y . s »

THE AMERICAN people—workers and employers in“eluded—have suffered untold loss because labor and management have been allowed to fight out differences that could and should have been adjusted without strikes, lockouts, violence and economic waste. The right to wage civil warfare is not essential to anybody's welfare or freedom. That right survives only in the field of labor relations, preserved there by unwise government policies which have favored first one side, then the other, satisfied nobody completely- and cost everybody heavily. One big branch of industry is a shining exception. In 19 years there have been many labor-management controversies on the railroads, but there has been no major strike. The controversies have been settled peaceably, under a sound federal law, well administered. Those who propose the federal industrial relations act believe that what has been done on the railroads can be done throughout industry. So do we.

: e 2 = =» » # .

SENATE SPONSORSHIP of this bill is bi-partisan. Senator Hatch is a Democrat; Senators Burton and Ball are Republicans. All were members of the “B2H2” group which in 1943 led the way for a senate resolution favoring international peace organization. They consider domestic peace indispensable to world peace. The bill's preliminary draft was largely the work of a committee of 13 citizens, many of them experienced in labor relations but none representing any labor or management organization. Their chairman, Donald Richberg, was a co-author of the successful railway labor act. "The three senators embodied their own ideas in many changes. They consulted neither management nor labor groups, but sought to represent the public viewpoint—the viewpoint so disastrously neglected in most labor legislation up to now. » s 5 o » » YOU WILL find detailed discussion of the bill in Fred W. Perkins’ story from Washington eleswhere in today’s Times. Sk ® ; Generally, it is patterned after the railway labor act. It would not forbid strikes; it would require reasonable effort .to settle controversies—through negotiation, mediation, voluntary arbitration and impartial public statements of fact—before a strike could be-called legally. It would hold the states responsible for dealing with minor and local disputes. It would. gompel arbitration only in *“grievance” disputes arising under contracts reached by collective bargaining or where a strike—as” among public-utility workers—would cause severe public hardship. It would deny the closed shop to unions failing to meet specified tests of their democracy; those, for example, whose membership is not open to all qualified applicants. And it would correct a gross unfairness in the Wagner act * by forbidding employees as well as employers to engage in unfair labor practices. n ” ” » n » WE URGE labor leaders and employers not to condemn this bill hastily, but to. present objections and suggestions at public hearings, which should be held promptly by the senate labor committee. Its sponsors do not regard it as untouchable. They invite constructive criticism. But ‘they believe—and they are correct—that some such measure.is urgently needed to prevent the storm of public wrath that will fall upon labor and management if industrial strife destroys the American people's hope for post-war progress and prosperity.

%

TRAINING FOR PEACE

HE PROS AND CONS of postwar compulsory military training have been argued for two weeks before a congressional committee, which has now closed its hearings. Both sides were presented ably and sincerely. We go this far with the opponents—that we dislike the thought of a peacetime draft. We wish it were not necessary for young Americans to be compelled to learn to fight. But we think it is necessary, absolutely, for this country to keep itself so well prepared to win another war that no other country will dare to start one, . It is because we don’t want our young men to have to - fight again that we agree with the military leaders—Generals Eisenhower, Marshall and Vandegrift, Admirals King, Nimitz and Halsey, Secretaries Stimson and Forrestal a others—who urge early legislation for compulsory

raining as the foundation stone of future American security. The perilous alternative was made clear by General Marshall : , ; “You have to face frankly two things, either universal military training or the hope—and that’s all—that you will have a year to get ready if another war comes.”

GRUB GUARANTEED

ge. SENATORS AIKEN and La Follette have introduced a bill for a national food allotgent plan, under which the government would guarantee every American “at least a mini- : equate diet” and at the same time improve farm government controlling the food ly than ever before, there are some

HENRY W, MANZ

Price in Marion County, 5 cents a copy: delivered by carrier, 20 cents

J By Joe Williams

NEW YORK, June 20.—Al Schacht, the baseball comedian who sidelines in literature, called. As a man of letters Mr. Schacht does not appear to be. taken too seriously by the critics, Forced to make a choice, John Kieran briskly states he prefers Shakespeare. In the introduction to “G I Had Fun,” the latest Schacht .opus, Quentin Reynolds asks: “Why should Schacht write a book? Hemingway wrote a book, didn't he? So did Steinbeck. If those bums can write a book why not Schacht?” At this point. it is noted Mr. Reynolds makes a hasty exit, not waiting for replies. And yet, Schacht has turned” out a surprisingly reatable book, generously admitting the composition and the spelling were done by one Murray Goodman. The book ‘deals with his trips overseas to entertain the troops with his one man baseball act. On his first trip he visited North Africa and Sicily; on his next he went to New Guinea. All told he was gone some four months. To get away he had to make a decision as to what to do with his Midtown restaurant, very much a going concern . +» + “Hell, it will probably get along better without me.” P. S.: It did

Humor Gets Heavy

IN “G I HAD FUN" Schacht can't resist the urge to give expression to his sense of humor, which, incidentally, has all the facility and deftness of an elephant’s yawn. Happily, there is not too much of this, not enough, at any rate, to weaken 'the astonishingly fine quality of feeling, understanding and sincerity which pervades the pages. In some off way he almost manages to achieve the Ernie Pyle touch. Perhaps I should apologize to Ernie's memory on the instant. And yet there was the afternoon Schacht did his act in a hospital at Oran . . . “and suddently -a nice looking kid asked me, ‘do short fellows make good shortstops?’ “He seemed quite serious and it was not a bad question. There are many people who think size means everything in sports, “Sure,” I answered “Size has nothing to do with it. We had some great little fellows playing short\stop . . . Guys like Donie Bush, Rabbit Maranville, Phil Rizzuto, Dick Bartell ; . .» “Well,” he said I ought to make a great shortstop.” “Have you ever played baseball?” IT asked. “‘I used to play in high school before I got into the army.” “Do you like baseball?” “‘I love it, he answered. ; “That’s fine,” I said. “When you get back to the States look me up and I'll see that you get a tryout with one of the big league clubs.”

The Boy Was Smiling

“WITH THAT I wished him good luck and walked out. The boy was smiling when I left. Outside the ward the major in charge stopped me, “I couldn't help listening in on that conversation,’ he said, apologetically. ‘Do you know why that kid ask you about short fellows making good shortstops?’ “Why no,” I replied. “Did you fer see him play ball?” ; “ ‘No,’ said the major. - ‘And I'm afraid I'll never see him play, either. We were forced to amputate both his legs three weeks ago.'” Putting the book down I was left with the thought that sports has done a poor job in the detail of entertaining our wounded overseas. I am’familiar with the discouraging red tape involved. At the same time, there's always a way to cut through, provided the enterprise is worthy, and the resolution remains unrelaxed. .

.

| WORLD AFFAIRS—

Democracy By Wm. Philip Simms

SAN FRANCISCO, June 20— There is an uneasy feeling among the delegates that what is happening in Moscow, Poland, Belgium and other areas of Europe somehow does not jibe with what is going on here in San Francisco. Deep in the heart of the combat soldier, Gen. Eisenhower impressed on members of congress, is the conviction that to preserve the peace he is winning, the United Nations must be “strong, but considerate , . . you can not build peace on hate.” Yet, it is remarked here, some of our allies are plenty powerful but are sometimes seriously latking in consideration. In Europe, force or the threat of force, is still being used by the strong against | the weak to achieve ends which the Big Three, at | Yalta, pledged themselves in black and white to | accomplish by the processes of democracy.

What Is Democracy?

ADMITTEDLY DEMOCRACY is given different interpretations here just as in the case of the veto. But the Anglo-American conception, at least, was laid down by Prime . Minister Churchill last December during a debate on Greece. “My idea of it is,” he said in typically pungent phrases, “that plain, humble common man—just the ordinary man who keeps a wife and family, who goes off to fight for his country when it is in trouble, and goes to the poll at the appropriate time and puts his cross on the ballot paper showing the candidate he wishes to be elected—that is the foundation of democracy. . “We stand upon the foundation of fair, free elections based on universal service and suftrage. , . Democracy is not based on violence or terrorism but on’ reason, on fair play, on freedom, on respecting other people's rights as well as your own ambition. Democracy is not a harlot to be picked up in the street by a man with a tommy gun. , , . Do not let us rate democracy so low as if we were merely grabbing power and shooting those who do not agree with us. That is not democracy. That is the antithesis of democracy.”

Pressure Groups in Belgium AFTER GREECE, Belgian leftists are now threatening civil war to prevent the return “of King Leopold. Perhaps he had no right to return. Nevertheless, at Yalta, the Big Three unanimously agreed that the occupied countries of Europe should be restored to freedom by the ballot and ‘not by the bullet, . Similarly, few observers here think the Moscow “trials” will help ‘Soviet-Polish relations. On the contrary the current belief is that they will merely add fuel to the already existings. fires of Europe's hatreds. One wag said he was reminded of an oldfashioned melodrama. In it, through five acts and 20 scenes, the villain pursued the heroine. He tried to take her life in a dozen different ways.' He tied her to the railroad track. He chained her to a log at the old sawmill, * He threw her oft Brooklyn bridge. Then, in the last scene, he inquired plaintively, as he twirled his black mustache: “Little one, why do you spurn me?" - 8

World Needs Truth About Poland

WITH THE Moscow trial, according to reports, Soviet newspapers are carrying stories of “terrorism” in Poland during 1944 and the first part of this year, Russian soldiers were among the victims. Before me as I write are "several reports of “terrorism,” also in Poland, but these happen to be from Polish sources, They cite names, dates and places and tell of ‘entire villages burned by the Russtans and trainload after 'trainload of Polish ‘inhabitants taken “eastward.” - i Western Pbdland needs to be opened up to the world, What goés on inside the Soviet Union 1s

Poles in Poland 4 is widely. felt,

nor yet by iy

Russia's own business, But Poland is an ally, The | truth about

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©

Hoosier Forum

“GERMAN PEOPLE MAY BE - SAVED BY TRUTH” By V. B., Indianapdlis Whether the German people-are responsible for Nazi crimes appears {to me as being an irrelevant issue. |The real issue or question is, how are we to bring Germany around to! | looking at the world from a sane,

{humane point of view.

his

telligent.

so what?

ego-mania

regiffie.

States.

“NO NATION CAN FIGHT WITHOUT ALLIES”

By E. R. Egan, 701 Markwood ave,

her bid for unanimity curity council, is that no nation, not even one of the Big Five, could | + (fight a modern war without allies, and powerful ones at that.

of

Naziism to be stamped out? Most everyone seems to be of the opinion that the majority of the German people supported Hitler and Hitler could not have otherwise maintained supreme power for so many years during periods of both peace and war. To make the German aster. people feel any sort of guilt will not | come about through physical pun- | race prejudice is one of the most ishment. It is doubtful if any elabo-| powerful instincts motivating forces|the last war,” and are telling the rately planned attempt to impress|in the human race. Certainly it is | public how prices became inflated | their guilt upon them will succeed |the rallying slogan for the warrior to any higher degree, to the point|since organized warfare began. of outward or inward repentance, at least. But a deep sense of guilt may| rights of man universally, where all come about later if they are told men live in peace under the same the truth, if all questions are pre-| protecting laws pursuing their insented from many points of view|terests—German and Jew alike, the through the media of the radio, the| proof of the system is in the unpreprinted word and public discussions cedented prosperity which no nasuch as we have here in the United tion founded upon race credo has {ever achieved, and only approached The German people will be lifted |by such democracies as Britain and out of this abyss of degradation and| the diversity of races that is Russia. barbarism via the route of educa-|This nation, the most powerful nation. The German people are in-|tion in the world, the people are Subject them to a bom- | still committed to the policy which bardment of points of view, ideas has made it great—the rights of new and old. They have been im-|man with the corollary of freedom prisoned in an intellectual dungeon | from want. and freedom from fear. for so long. I suggest that many of | Fear of war, which the system of the educated, intelligent Germans | 48 states who fled to America to escape Nazi | has demonstrated, can be achieved in| by any people, any nation with the democracy as it is found in the intelligence and integrity plus the United States, go back to Germany| will to Justice and freedom, and help Ruild a Germany which achieve. will be democratic, in both its na-| tional and international outlook.

persecution and who believe

out of the war and that of tremendous “implications in all its aspects,

and clearly recognized by Russia in| whose deliberations formed the | being consumed. basis of the San Francisco confer-

in

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, S same. and publication in no way opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

But |

of this great

|

the seence—its success or failure.

implies i with those

* “I wholly disagree with what vou say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

ruin and Japan faces. the same dis- |

Someone has said that race pride,

In this nation committed to the

nation

can never was any large surplus of food.

This is the business of the San | thousands of acres of land in irri- | Francisco conference, and not the|8ation and submarginal lands were perpetuation of the system which | Cultivated. In addition to this, the makes war not only possible butifarms were mechanized after the probable. Without President Roose-| War, which saved thousands of bushyelt and Mr. Churchill preoccupied |€s of grain which had been fed to The one irrefutable faét to come | With the coming election, Mr. Stalin {has had a great deal of ‘the re- | sponsibility as the only member of [the Yalta and previous conferences,

Russia has made a great contri- { bution to the war and peace effort |and as a great force must carry on Germany and Japan, with the | until the world indeed is free from race—nafionalism, war and the policies which make it tried it and Germany is beaten to] possible and probable.

“HERE ARE SOME OF THE FACTS” . By C. D. Cc, Indianapolis According to news reports, Mr Chester Bowles is fighting for his political life this week in trying to get congress to extend the OPA for another year. One thing Chester intends to do is to distribute 300,000 pamphlets to stores giving ceiling prices for meat so the consumer will not be overcharged. Along with this it would find if ne

would . tell where to buy the meat. The OPA has been using the argument to justify its excuse for existence by comparing prices now and! during the last war. The latest slogan they are using is “Remember what happened after

= =

[POLITICAL SCENE— = By Thomas L. Stokes WASHINGTON, June 20.—~Delay is the weapon chosen by the minority, both in the senate and among the public, to try to deieat the San Francisco world security TT x organization charter, This became obvious with the brief statement hy Senator Wheeler (D. Mont.), upon his return from Europe, urging that senate consideration of the charter be postponed until after the peace conference.. This strategy was devised months ago, at the time the Dumbarton Oaks proposals, the basis of the charter, were formulated here by representatives of ‘the United States, Great Britain, Russia and China.

At that time there was a shower of propaganda to the effect that creation of a world security organ-

ence. The late President Roosevelt promptly recognized that for what it was. He hastened the calling of the San Francisco conference, thus thwarting the first delay tactics of the isolationist opponents.

Job Nearly Completed

. THE WORK has nearly been completed at San Francisco. Next will come action by the senate. The administration wants the United States to be first to give evidence of its sincerity. Opponents of the world security organization have dwindled, both among the people and in the senate. A check of the senate today shows only a few outright fogs of the world organization, with a number in the doubtful category, but not enough, combined, to defeat ratification. Senator Wheeler is the recognized leader of the minority, He is a determined man,

Therefore President Truman and adiministration leaders are wise to press for speedy ratification, to translate the undoubted desire of a great majority of the American people into definite action before its opponents becloud the main issue with extraneous matters. ; ; That happened a quarter of a century ago with Woodrow Wilson's League of Nations, That time the league was created at the peace conference. So consideration of the league was delayed. Its foes capitalized upon dissatisfactions incident to the peace settlement, as well as some injustices, to defeat United States entry into the league. : ‘

Killed by Reservations :

THE STRATEGY of league opponents in the senate was to kill it with reservations. The strategy of security organization foes is, first, delay, and then, reservations. As after the last war, but even more so this time, Europe is going to be full of confusion and disorder, a natural result of war. That might as well be expected. It is the time of the security organization foes to exploit disturbing incidents, and delay will play into their hands. If the organization comes into being fairly quickly, and ratification by us promptly will contribute to that, then the organization itself can meet these incidents and problems as they arise in a give-and-take across the conference table, No one perhaps is better acquainted with the European problem and with the necessity for the war allies to remain allies than Gen. Eisenhower. It was sage counsel he gave congress when he said: “The “soldier knows how grim and dark was the outlook for the allies in 1841 and '42. He is fully aware of the magnificent way the United Nations responded to the threat. To his mind the problems of peace can be no more difficult that the one you had to solve more than three years ago, and which, -in one battle area, has now been brought to a successful conclusion. “He knows that in war the threat of separate annihilation tends to hold allies together; Be hopes we

| can find in peace a nobler incentive to produce the

same unity. He passionately believes that, with the same determination, the same optimistic resolution

after the last war when we did not | have the: benefit of the OPA. He is said to have the backing of women's clubs and various consumer organizations who have only a perfunctory knoweldge of food. business. Here are some of the facts. The production and distribution of food today is based on both mass production and mass distribution. Any comparison made between conditions that exist now and during the last war is about the same as comparing one of the “crates” our boys flew in the first world war with the modern Superfortress or possibly comparing one of Henry Kaiser's Liberty ships, which goes off the assembly line in less than 30 days, with the three to five years that it took to build the same ship 25 years ago. Prior to the first world war, there

| However, during the first world war

horses. On top of all this, trucks, taxis and autos took the place of the horses in the cities, which kept millions more bushels of grain from

The result was that prior to this [war there was such a surplus that the government paid the farmers for not producing grain in order to keep prices up. This surplus grain could all be fed to hogs and cattle now instead of horses as during the first world war, -~

Side Glances —By Galbraith

Z

—

+ petent business men.

Now, I believe that most of us, who have spent a lifetime in the food business, know that if the) farmers had been allowed to produce in a normal manner and the old anti-profiteering laws had been enforced that we would hive had an abundance of food at a fair and reasonable price. However, that would not have supplied the necessary political jobs which the New Deal felt necessary to perpetuate itself in power, sr after the start of the war we had one government agency which was paying the farmers not to produce whole still another government agency was paying them a subsidy to produce. And in my opinion this subsidy “is the most vicious thing that was ever saddled on the American people. The reason it 1s vicious Is because the boys who are fight. ing thls war at small wages will have to not only fight the war but will have to pay for this subsidy in taxes after the war and have to pay for part of the food we are now eating. It is my opinion, after spending most of my lifelime in the food business, that the food situation will

run by politicians instead of com-~

DAILY THOUGHT

_ Son of man, behold, I take away from thee the desire of thine eyes with a stroke: yet, neither thou mourn nor weep, neither

‘| gradually get worse as long as it is|

and the same mutual consideration among .allies that marshalled in Europe forces capable of crushing what has been the greatest war machine in history, the problems of peace can be met.” This cannot be done by delay.

IN WASHING TON—

Capitol Notes

By Peter Edson

WASHINGTON, June 20.—Biggest difference between Truman and Roosevelt, say some of the recent official business callers at the White House, is that Truman doesn’t. do all the talking, listens to what his visitors have to say. Another marked difference is that officials who used to pass the buck on their hottest problems, laying them on Roosevelt's desk for settlement, are now told in effect that they were hired as cooks, not as waiters, so they should start doing their own cooking. World War 1 general .of the armies, John J. Pershing, was invited to the White House ceremonies in honor of World War II general of the armies, Dwight D. Eisenhower, but had to decline. His health is considered’ good for his age—he will be 85 in September — but he is not considered strong enough to undergo public functions. Even Gen. George 8S. Patton did not see Pershing when “old blood and guts” went to visit the wounded at Walter Reed hospital, where “Black Jack” now lives simply in small quarters. In the last war, Eisenhower and Patton were just a couple of other majors in the infant tank corps.

od

An Ickes Story

SECRETARY of the Interior Harold Ickes held hearings the other day on establishment of the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge in Massachusetts, and quite a delegation of New England blue bloods came down fo protest, One claimed hig ancestors had hunted the land for 200 yeafs and an-

other said his ancestors had hunted it Tor 300 years,

LM Finally one witness’ declared he was opposed td the whole game sanctuary idea because his forefathers had Ween on this land for 1000 years. That stopped Ickes cold. “You don’t understand, the witness. ex~ plained, “I'm an Indian.” Ickes snorted. “If your" ancestors were able to keep the ancestors of these other persons present from taking the land away all this time, you certainly deserve special consideration.” Ickes is head of the office of Indian affairs, as well as the fish and wildlife service. Gen. Omar N. Bradley got lost in the Veterans’ building maze the other day, and so got a foretaste of what's in store for him as Veterans’ administra tor. he wanted to walk through the Veterans! building alone, to size things up. But when he had been gone an hour, friends phoned the bullding and started guards on a search. Twenty minutes later they found him wandering in a distant corridor, apparently too embarrassed to ask his way out. , Gen, Bradley is understood to have accepted the Veterans’ job only on condition that it would a temporary assignment, After the bureau is mibdernized, Bradley wants to go back to active service, ‘He 1s now in Europe turning over his command, won't returh to Washington for another 60° days or so.

This ‘Motorized America :

sir,”

oners of war in the United States, tells how the first Nazis arriving at a southern camp accused the of having the same cars driven up and down

| :

ization should await the results of the peace confer-

a skillful fighter, and should not be dismissed lightly.’

Just after he got his appointment, Bradley said «

BRIG. GEN. B. M. BRYAN JR., assistant to the provost marshal general in charge of German pris-’

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