Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 June 1945 — Page 6

The Indianapolis Times | AGE 6 Saturday, June 16, 1945 SS ,

ROY W HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ ‘President Editor Business Manager

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| Circulations. «fi » RILEY 5551 ; Give light and the People Will Fina Their Own Way WHY BAN PROGRESS? | AP HE ‘San Francisco conference has now come to the longsmouldering dispute over future amendments to-the ~ Jeague charter. As in most of the other controversies, this one hangs on the big powers’ demand for absolute velo authority. They say in effect, do as we tell you or | there will be no league.

REFLECTIONS—

” By James Thrasher

ABOVE THE NOISE of clash- ® 5: irig economic panaceas and general #4 confusion there has been heard a lone voice crying for consideration “of “the uncommon man.” The voice belongs to Dr. William C. de Vane, dean of Yale college. And it might be a good idea if we all hushed up and listened to him, : “Some things,” he says, “have not changed since the dawn of history, and bid fair to last out time itself. One of these things is the capacity for greatness in man-—his capacity for being often the master of the event and sometimes-even more--the changer of history itself.” ™~ : It is his conclusion that today’s life and thought may. be stifling that capacity for greatness, “a very precious gift,” and that democracy cannot thrive without “the uncommon man."

'The Term Is Meaningless’ a WE AGREE WITH Dr. de Vane. And we think one of the first and best ways of promoting the une common man's welfare would be to banish the term “common man” from our speech and our thinking. The term is meaningless. The very fact of being human commits man to individuality, not common-

NE ate J

We do not doubt their ability to force the decision | they desire. But we do doubt the wisdom of such a course. | Virtually all the 50 nations, except the big powers and | their satellites, consider the free right of future amend- | ment as the last chance to save any democratic feature of the proposed league. In our judgment they are right. | i The issue goes beyond that of abstract justice or the | principles of representative organization. It raises such | practical questions as these: Will 40-odd nations fully] co-operate with a league in which they, have little voice and | no authority? Can a charter so inflexible, that it cannot | be improved if a single big power objects, survive the| i

serious international strains ahead? ” ”

= " ADMITTEDLY, the charter which the big powers are | “imposing is far from perfect. This is the price of getting | Russia into any league. But surely there is no legitimate | reason for barring future progress, no justification for try- | ing to preserve temporary expedients in perpetuity. Just as freedom to compromise has been necessary to write an | international charter in the first place, so freedom to reach | ‘other compromises in the form of future amendments would be the best guarantee of league survival. Amendment by two-thirds vote would provide essential flexibility without instability. It also would remove ‘some of the corrosive cynicism which is the curse of this conference,

STEADY JOBS—STEADY PAY HE C. I O. is right in campaigning for annual wages; right in seeking to win them through collectiv® bargaining; right and very wise in rejecting the idea that government should compel them by law. . As C. I. O. President Murray says, assurance of steady | jobs at steady pay is far better than unemployment compensation as a means of freeing workers from want and fear. And many employers, having joined with their workers in developing successful plans for pay by the year, have found them good business. . But all experience shows that a successful plan must be specifically adapted to the situation in which it is to operate. Government simply could not devise one plan to fit all situations, or thousands of different plans for all the different situations, and if it tried the results would be bad. An obligation to pay annual wages, forced on unwilling or skeptical employers by law, would make them afraid to ‘take the chances involved in starting or expanding jobproviding enterprises, in hiring additional workers and in raising wage rates. It would hurt the very people it] attempted to help. Mere suspicion that the C. I. O. planned | to drive for a guaranteed-annual-wage law has, unfortu- | nately, created ‘some employer hostility to annual wages in | . any form. |

= = o = " = WORKING OUT voluntary pay-by-the-year plans, | through negotiations between employers and unions, will | take time. In many cases it will be very difficult. In some | industries the problems look discouragingly tough, but we | believe all employers owe it to their workers and to them- | selves to make a genuine effort to develop successful plans. | Government can help, properly and usefully—for in- | stance, by speeding up the annual-wage study which Presi- | dent Roosevelt requested last March, and which is not yet | under way. But the best hope that labor, business and | government will all gain through wide extension of steady | jobs at steady pay lies in the method of education and | negotiation which ‘the C. I. O. has decided to follow. |

—

WILLIE AND JOE SHOW HOW ILLIE and Joe are shaving again. What's more, they | probably are shining their shoes and ironing their | pants regularly. Willie and Joe are the leading characters | in Sgt. Bill Mauldin's cartoons, two wry, indestructible eggs | who survived the European war as “fugitives from the | law of averages.” “ - At the height of the war's fury they reached such depths of sartorial inelegance that Gen. Patton tried to! have them spruced up for the sake »f army appearances. But their cartoonist-sponsor respectfully declined. Willie | and Joe slouched frowsily to victory, symbols of the wretchedly* tired heroes whom Sgt. Mauldin understood. Now that their agony has been relieved, at'least tem- | porarily, Willie and Joe are policing their whiskers and | associating with soap. “Sgt. Mauldin still understands them; and it is comforting to dwell on the transformation he detects. Servicenien coming home are going to be fundamentally what they were when they left. CHANCE FOR REPUBLICANS ENATOR ALEXANDER ‘SMITH, New Jersey Republican, has reversed a previous stand and comes out for additional tariff-bargaining authority in the bill to extend | the reciprocal trade agreements law. d Informal polls indicate that he and a half dozen or | more other Republicans, plus a large majority of the senate | Democrats, will provide enough votes to restore this author- | ity to the house-approved bill, from which it was eliminated | by the senate finance committee. If so, an important vie- | tory will be won for co-operation with other nations to | . promote world trade and economic peace. ‘We'd like to se a lot more Republicans do what Senator Smith has done, insure a rousing majority for the new authority. to negotiate tariff reductions, and save their farts from blame for foolish epposition to a most essential

\GOOD-NEWS DEPARTMENT \. OF WAR STIMSON says there is no basis

, a

has

en. George Marshall will retire from

ness. No man in the honest depths of his heart’ thinks of himself as being “common.” And when you hear an individual thump his breast and piously pro=claim, “I am just a common man,” put him down as a thundering hypocrite and hang.onto your pocketbook, because he's after something—usually votes or money “ al Those who speak of the common man as someone apart from themselves may be motivated by sinceéfity and good intentions—those durable paving stones of the nether regions. But they are guilty of a snobbery as stuffy as that of any blue-blooded, gouty old moneybags. What the well-intentioned and social-conscious mean by the common man is the poor man, the unfortunate man, the exploited man, the uneducated or unintelligent man. But they have coined the euphemism “common,” and have tried to convince the people to whom-they apply it that commonness is a virtue, and that it is a mark of honesty to be stripped of individuality and branded as one of a herd.

'And Give Nothing in Return’ : THEY HAVE fostered the idea that by the mere fact of being classed as “common,” a segment of society has the right to receive some of the world’s goods from its uncommon brethren and give nothing in return. They have put the witch's curse on individual ambition. They have confused the mere fact of wealth with evil, and of poverty with good, without regard for attendant circumstances. It is certainly the duty of all men to try to improve the society they live in, to increase opportunities, and to distribute that society's wealth in such a manner that each member may live in decency and comfort. * But men should not get the idea that decency and comfort are the end, or that any one of their fellowmen must be compelled to live by bread and sociplogy alone. Decency and comfort should simply be the setting commensurate with the dignity of being a man, a Setting in which whatever promise a man has of uncommonness and greatness may develop un-

| fettered.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Big 3 Stakes By William Philip Simms

(Continued From Page One)

charter now stands, every member of the American delegation—including Republican Sepator Arthur Vandenberg—is convinced it will

CESAR MIA ir edn AEN

Semel ee LY . oy

‘mind, particularly when

| POLITICAL SCENE—

Good Sign By Thomas L. Stokes

WASHINGTON, June 16.~It is. unusual--and therefore news—when a member of congress changes his it involves a break with the majority of : : : his party in congress, and, furthermore, will. offend powerful interests in his state, . -It is more unusual when such a member announces his change of mind publicly, as was done by Senator H. Alexander Smith (R. N. J.).

occurs after a thorough study of all the facts involved, with a conscientiousness of duty toward the public as a whole, and is not a shift dictated by political expediency, : The case of Senator Smith of New Jersey is a hopeful sign for the public service. : ‘About three weeks ago he. announced Qe would

"|| favor continuation of the reciprocal tariff program

“I wholly disagree with what

for two more years, but would oppose the adminise tration’s request for authority to reduce tariffs ane

‘| other 50 per cent in bargaining with other nations,

This was the Republican party position in the house and in the senate, with a handful of exceptions, Then he stood up on the senate floor and ane nounced that he was for the additional 50 per cent authority. But Senator Smith did not content hime self with a mere announcement, He detailed his process of changing his mind, his soul-searching along with his searching of facts. His speech was one of the most interesting and most convincing on this controversial subject, : He had lots of correspondence from constituents in New Jersey, including industries which were against the administration bill. He studied it all carefully. - His examination revealed no evidence. that any specific industry had, been seriously injured by previous reciprocal tariff agreements, He had heard, he sald, of alleged injuries to industries in sections other than his state, but he concluded that where injury may have resulted “it can be more easily remedied under the trade agreement procedure than under the old tariff-making formula.”

For 'Scientific Tariff Protection’

HE CONSULTED with experts. And, finally, he talked with state department officials who will have charge of negotiating agreements and came away “satisfied that full consideration will be given to the present situation of our American industries and te their adequate protection.” :

He said frankly he is not a “free trader,” but he believes in” “scientific tariff protection.” And he was

« It 157also worth notingswhen the change of mind

Hoosier Forum

you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

“WISE EVADED MY $64 QUESTION” By The Watchman, Indianapolis I suppose that Hoosier Forum readers noticed how nicely Mr. Ralph M. Wise evaded.my $64 question. He did not®choose to say whose side the American Communists would take if the United States were to be forced into a war with Russia. He slyly insinuated that there were no Communists in the United States army. So let it stand there. I wouldn't know, but Earl Browder would. I have no intention of advocating a war with Rus|sia, but my contention is that the ‘belligerent; hostile philosophy and | program of communism is certain to bring a clash sooner or later. What is Stalin calling up 15-year-[old boys for the army for? Why {won't the Russians co-operate with lus for awhile and see how it works both ways? Why are the Russian soldiers forbidden to fraternize

‘(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, let- | ters should be limited to 250 | words. Letters must be -signed. Opinions set forth | here are those of the writers, | and publication in no way | implies agreement with those | opinions by The Times. The | Times assumes no responsi- | bility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter cor-respondence-regarding them.) -

| practiced on the Russians. No, I don’t want war with Russia, {or any other nation. I want peace, | friendship, harmony and brotherly [love and good will among men, I {merely point out that Communism |is a bgeeder of war and evil.

happen afterwards.

{sian occupied territory? We have

| By A Surprised Soldier Over There

Its principal weaknesses are due mostly to the 1..ne4 guer backward to co-operate, After reading your article, Mrs.

sweeping veto powers enjoyed by the Big Five, but if the new organization doesn't work well the United

{with Russia.’

| Russia does have the right to

| Grimes,

I'm really surprised to think that an American could gripe

States can juerelse hs yeto Se Same as oe oie |occupy Poland, Czechoslovakia and about such a thing as a few cans four. We have nothing to lose and mue 8310 | yygoslavia, and other nations. where!of beer that the American soldiers

by membership.

As seen from here, the only possible danger to | sor, but ‘she has no right to set|

{she has driven out the Nazi aggres-

| get. I suppose he has no right to drink

early ratification might come from some conceivably up quisling puppet governments, beer. It is perfectly allright for

in ad fet accompli in Europe by one or the other | whose personnel are dictated by him to be away in a strange coun- should carry out the Bretton Woods { of the Big Three, { |

There is much unfinished business in that area. Many ticklish political and territorial problems have still to be solved. i, . Diplomats of the old world say it would be a mistake therefore, for President Truman Mo concede too much until he sees what comes of the Big Three conversations.

Debate Has Been Confusing SENATOR VANDENBERG is for prompt, but not hasty, ratification. And there is a great difference. In building the new League of Nations here, 50 countries, have taken part. Literally hundreds of ideas have been offered and debated, sometimes ferverishly. Some have been accepted and many have been rejected, but the proecess has been so confusing that at times even .those working on it have found it difficult to see the structure for the scaffolding. The other day I received a long wire from the head of one of the nation's best-known advertising concerns complaining of three totally different interpretations of what was happening here and asking for God's sake to tell him which was right. A senatorial review of the completed charter, in plain English, Senator Vandenberg holds, could not do any harm and many agree with him. It would provide the American public a. chance to weigh its good points and bad—not with any idea of rejecting it but merely in order to know what it's all about,

Warn Against Over-Selling

THESE WHO have worked hardest to build the

new. security organization are among the first to warn |

against over-selling it to the public. They say ft would be easy to make the people believe that everything 1s now going to be perfect in this imperfect world. Then, when it did not work out that way, the psychological letdown would be harmful, if not fatal, to the organization itself

Were the charter rushed through at Washington |

with a casual pat on the back, an insufficiently informed public might get the idea that it is so perfect

that not even the traditionally cantankerous senate

| could pick a flaw in fit.

Undue haste, therefore, like undue delay, might prove unwise all round.

So They Say —

THE GREAT cause of peace and good-will on earth

is very much in the hands of the press, perhaps now |

thre most potent force in the States and in large parts

of the civilized worid.—Field Marshal Jan Christian |

Smuts, premier of the Union of South Africa.

. . .

HE ¢Sen. Kenneth D. McKellar) is courteous and polite to every man and woman who visits Washington from Tennessee. Therefore no one can beat him. —E. H. Crump, Memphis politician, . . -

RESIGNATIONS in high places will set a bad ®xample for. thousands of war workers who also would like to prepare ‘for peacetime living. —Rep. Earl Lewis (R. Ohio). : i

* - .

nt" 4 . THEY (GERMAN PEOPLE) seem to accept:these | 4hings as part of the geheral scheme of war as they

knew it.—Rep. Francis E. Walter of Pennsylvania after Buchenwald inspection visit, : . \ PY Sn MW

an ive oo" piace

{Stalin's Communists.

{ That's my {objection and I say

{In fact, Russia, under the Czars

jand the Communists, has set the does get back somewhere for a rest |Posed international bank and example of horror concentration he isn't worthy of a few cans of National monetary fund—that the

camps, of wholesale purges, or mass | executions, planned starvation and |mass deportdtions, and right there is. where Hitler got his schooling in | heartless atrocities. One little example should suffice to show the utterly hypocritical, beastly and | brazen Communist strategy to { justify their evil and inhuman {butchery of their opponents; an in-

stance has been cited in which the Well, over here these governments) the financial underpinning of the

| Communists were reminded of a |special aet of brutality in which

they slaughtered many people and| I think you ought to stop and | controversy about the international

the Communist reply was, “Well,

they would have to die sometime|I can think of thousands of things

anyhow.” And that is about the

kind of principles and reason to there are billions of dollars spent | expect from any Communist. They on them. Stop and think if every- | that would retain the international is essential, It|Pank for guaranteed loans for reconstruction and developments. Tue to make a speech at the meeting, and some of the

have no moral principles. They are the world’s champion liars. They fare the. originators of “purges,” | “liquidations,” planned starvation——

try fighting. it is the sleep in the snow and rain and lay Operation. |identical method used by Hitler. So| there in a foxhole all day and night | lare the purges and deportations. and hope that he doesn't get hit|Prompt

Of course he can

with the shell fire. Then when he

beer because it isn't essential. Well, I think you are badly mistaken.. The soldier pays for his own beer and it isn't any skin off ‘any one else. You think the taxpayer has it too hard. I certainly | wish I was a taxpayer again, like millions of other guys. | + It is unfair for the government to | give four dollars for three, is it?

don’t give anything, they take and take all.

| think what you say the next time. {that aren't essential at home, and | thing you buy |certainly isn't, you can bet on that

| So let the army decide what they | think is essential or non-essential.

| |

| | | | | | 18 | |

[Side Glances=By Galbraith

6-16

x LEAT nd gms 4 | Oni tn nt 4 rt retire fr |

of | tion for expanding world trade—an

| fective resistance to the heaviest _|blows of a hitherto undefeated en-

“ECONOMIC FOUNDATION FOR LASTING PEACE” By John Alvah Dilworth, 816% Broadway Now that the house has approved the Bretton Woods world monetary agreements by a final roll call showing 345 for ratification and all 18 opposition votes cast by Re-

congress, with a Republican prediction of overwhelming passage, Is this: Are the proposals advanced at Bretton Woods, the cornerstone for

international economic co-operation, more important to the hopes of a durable peace than international political collaboration as provided in the Dumbarton Oaks Security organization which is not in itself enough, which looks to the world security organization itself? It is a choice of gambles. The Bretton Woods plan is a gamble on a relatively new and untried scheme of attempting to adjust financial problems. The other gamble is by far the most dangerous one. It is the gamble of isolationism ‘and the economic history of the last 25 |years has proved how that { works. Better something new and | untried than nothing at all. At the | point in history at which we stand the future is. full of danger and {promises and I believe congress

| agreements for world economic co1 further believe it is time for action in authorizing | American participation. in a prointer-

| United States take the lead In establishing the principles of | economic co-operation as a founda-

{international agreement for the reduction of trade barriers. Two Presidents have described the |agreements as laying the economic | foundation” for lasting peace. Bretton Woods was planned on

whole 'system—the | banking machinery.

international | “There is no

|bank. It has two parts, the first | part being an international bank. | Set up as a plan for a practical in- | ternational financial organization

second part sets up a monetary fund, which would work as an international pool designed to stgbilize- all national currencies a tions to each other. ‘ n » ” “WHAT YOU DO SPEAKS SO LOUD” By Henry W. Shea, ‘Indisnapolis Not only G, I. Joe has a word of praise for the progress of the government of Russia, but I quote here a statement made by Gen. Douglas MacArthur on the occasion of the 24th anniversary of the Red army, Feb. 23, 1042: ) “The world situation at the present time indicates that the hopes of civilization rests on the worthy banner of the courageous Red army. During my lifetime I have participated in a number of wars and have witnessed others, as well as studying in great detail the campaigns of outstanding leaders of the past. “In none have I observed such ef-

emy followed by a smashing coun: ter attack which is driving the enemy back to his own land. ; “The scale and grandeur of the effort mark it as the greatest military achievement in all history.” So, to the voice of intolerance who calls himself The Watchman, I would say, what you do speaks so loud I cannot hear what you say. i ——————_—— ————————

DAILY THOUGHT

For they served idols, whereof | the Lord had said unto -them, Ye shall not do this thing.—

publicans, the question before the,

convinced that such scientific tariff protection could be accomplished better under the trade agreements act than by the old method of “congressional loge rolling.” Above all, he sees economic international co-opera= ion tied up with political co-operation. He sees the San Francisco charter for a world security organiza tion linked with Bretton Woods and reciprocal tariff, He feels that the United States must take the leader« ship, because of “the amazing evolution of a great national conviction that the road ahead for America is the acceptance of our share of responsibility for the future peace.” »

Party Man in Best Sense of Term

SENATOR SMITH'S conversion on the tariff is significant because he is no natural insurgent, no political maverick. He is a party man, in the best sense of that term. He has been state Republican chairman as well as national committeeman from New Jersey. He has been a successful lawyer, inter rupting his practice for a time to teach at Princeton university. : For a long time he has been active for internas tional political co-operation, But he did not go the whole route on the tariff, Because of his background, his inclination to party regularity, his previous party positions, Mr. Smith's experience is well worth attention, and perhaps it has a moral for the Republican party. Maybe i§ indicates a change is in progress. There are lots of Smiths in the telephone directory, Perhaps they could use a few more in the Republican party.

IN WASHINGTON—

Employment By Fred W. Perkins

WASHINGTON, Jupe 16.—Just after Pear] Harbor the late President Roosevelt asked the governors of the 48 states to transfer their state employment services to federdl control with the aim of giving use to manpower in war production. The governors complied. The transaction was ree garded as a loan, and the idea apparently was tha$ the state employment services would be returned from federal control as soon as the need for maximum wap production had passed. Forty of the 48 governors have now decided that the period of peak demand for manpower is oyer, and many of them are sending messages to Presie dent Truman on the desirability of returning the eme ployment function to the states.

Governors. to Call at White House THE GOVERNORS will hold their national meete ing at Mackinac Island in early July, and the ques= tion is expected to come up then. Some uncertainty surrounds this because President Truman is expected

fullest possible

governors feel it might be discourteous to bring up problems of state and federal relationship, Others

view that to ignore the questign would be ie too far. In their opinion, the general public interest is involved. Mr. Truman may hear gubernatorial opinions on the subject before the Mackinac meeting. Governor “Jack” Dempsey, of New Mexico, is expected in town next Tuesday, and will be joined by several other state executives, including Governor Warren of Calis fornia. They have a White House call scheduled, and the subject is expected to be restoration of state functions that have been taken over by the federal government, The employment services are No. 1 on this list. Active efforts to bring about the return (opposed py Paul McNutt and other officials of the war mane power commission) are being made in Washington by a comniittee of state officials. Among their leadr-s are Stanley Rector, chief counsel of the Wisconan unemployment compensation department, and Stephen Cromwell, director of the Maryland unemployment

state Conference of Employment Security Agencies,

Say States Are More Efficient MESSRS. RECTOR and Cromwell declared tha$ the states can do a more efficient job than the fede eral government in handling of conversion re-employ« ment as well as in payment of unemployment come pensation benefits. They cited polls among employers showing a large majority in favor of having these jobs under state control rather than federal, : The governors, meeting last year in Hershey, Pa,

resolved unanimously should be returned to the states “as soon as practicas ple.” . They stated,.“local employers and workers will

a state agency. jis Ten governors of wester n states, made the request more

compensation board. Both are officers in the Inters .

that the employment services .

| more completely give their voluntary co-operation” to

evening left a embarrassing those knitted that's just whe

* ‘the Star's edit public relation: suggesting tha to an ‘infanti Canal zone to response. Mrs of the Nation: received 18 or help. The rad tion, lent by R Inc, 141 W. MN radios, the res) all of you, say Moeller. . .. Yi when you put Mrs. Don Den advertised a g offers she rec in the city,” a saddles, anothe mond wrist wa taken with the ride to the st from “his home stove.

Reward foi

“TEN-YEAR-

| He ’ LINZ, Germ years in school most likely to

Edouard Huem in French—ot!

5 "1824. I wrote | Years later, aft } him angry, I r : He became a c cause I had spo it is too bad I

His Gugot

i i PROF, HUE 8 4 :

didn’t get far a great moment; to him, “Come on to the balco lj Strasse and lo | Fate had single

| Ame

NEW YORK observation sco l fight and rescus in action by th It is the ni

doors, controllal inside for a go tanks for added § Simultaredus 8C-1's added 7 poration annou Cyclone 9 engi pound than an} It ‘powers the n

Light and I

THE NEW } an twice the first Cyclone pr ‘weighs less tha fengine and has hiles—more pow four-bladed ( It will be rec piloted by Cmdr. Rickenbacker ar ific. Limited h les in fairly 1 Hor its 450 hors increased power ff from the sur The Seahawk defense, It is

HYDE PARE} argument for co of security, ther:

trained armies | for the armies