Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 June 1945 — Page 10

PAGE 10 Tuesday, June 5, 1945

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Give Light ahd the People Will Find Lheir Own Way

TELL JAPAN WHAT SURRENDER MEANS

THE is Tunning out on Japan. She may be nearer a break than we know. - A redefinition of what America and England mean by unconditional surrender’ will not prevent the crack-up. Conceivably it might precipitate it. No question of a soft peace is involved, but with’ the thousands of American lives to be sav ed by even a few weeks’ shortening of the fight of the cornered rat, the effort to speed the end.is worth while. Ultimate unconditional surrender to the British-Amer-ican allies will surely be regarded in Tokyo as preferable to a surrender in which Russia might be a partner to the victory. With Russia in the picture, Japan knows the ultimate terms would certainly be more onerous. To Americans, unconditional surrender of Japan means the capitulation of all military and naval forces, punishment of those guilty of war crimes, and the restoration of all territory seized by conquest. : 5 ” Ed 4 o " ~ UNCONDITION AL SURRENDER also means the ceding to China of all Japanese possessions on the Asiatic mainland=railroads, industries, etc. It means the destruction of all heavy industry capable of equipping Japan for another war, and the irreparable shattering of the political grip of the Japanese military clique. To the Jap, unconditional surrender means something entirely different. It means the conditions he would impose if he were dictating them. These conditions would mean our military surrender and Japanese annexation of Hawaii and of all of the United States and British Columbia west of the Rockies from the Mexican border to and probably including Alaska, thereby making the Pacific a Japanese lake. The Jap would retain every foot of the territory he has taken by conquest. He would demand whatever white slave labor his needs might require. He would loot our art galleries, churches, museums, scientific laboratories and industries, and would _lug back to Japan all our stored gold, silver and portable machinery—everything which our captured merchant marine could carry. What could not be carried away «would be put to the torch. 3 x = ” ~ = - NEITHER BRITAIN nor. America contemplates the sack of Japan. Neither would reduce the Jap merchant marine to a point that would prevent the importation of necessary food, or of raw materials to make possible a peacetime industry. Allied unconditional surrender terms, certainly less ruthless than what the Japs expect, may, if detailed now, greatly expedite Jap capitulation. Therefore, it seems vitally important tq tell the Japanese people specifically and quickly just what unconditional surrender

The" Indianapolis Timer 8

HENRY W. MANZ|

4 the voice giving different meaning to what we should

a Bh ‘w

2 By James Thasher”

CHINESE IS REPUTED to be a

cumbersome, difficult language. As : spoken, it depends in many. iny , stances on inflection rather than

sound," with a rising or falling. of

call the same word." In its written form, however, it is considerably less flexible. The Chinese, of course, do not have an alphabet. Each written character in their language represents a ‘whole word, and Chinese scolarship is measured to a considerable extent by the number of characters that a person knows. Chinese scholarship therefore becomes quite a job. And in consequence, Chinese has never been one of the world languages like French or English or German, Few citizens have bothered to learn it unless they meant to live in China.

New Problems, and an Opportunity CHINESE HAD NEVER: been a diplomatic lans guage, either, until a few weeks ago, when it was made one of the official UNCIO languages at Sah Fran- | cisco. This presented the Chinese delegation with new ‘problems and, it seems to us, an enviable opportunity. For centuries China's millions found that their language served their purposes even though it did not contain the professional vocabulary of international diplomacy, When such a vocabulary was needed to conduct Chind's business, her statesmen expressed themselves in a foreign tongue. But now China's delegates have found ‘it necessary to create 'a thousand new words so that: the UNCIO documents may be printed.in Chinese. They ‘have had. to devise new word characters and cast new type for them. Thus-something tangibly new has come into the world to express, for the Chinese the new efforts being made in San Francisco. To them these thousand characters will henceforth..be associated with the troubled but courageous beginnings of an international force to insure peace on earth,

Root of Trouble and Misunderstanding IT SEEMS A PITY that the rest of the United Nations could not have been so fortunate as to enrich their everyday speech with a thousand bright symbols of ‘peace, éach carrying a clear meaning never before expressed. / Instead they have had to translate common general ideas into 40 or more languages. And that ‘has been the root of trouble and misunderstanding, as it was @ Yalta. : So the other nations will probably continue to

Nr TTD WC IY SOT mn nT ENC

‘v

haggle over the conflicting connotations of one translation against another. Meanwhile, the Chinese will have erected to the epochal work at San Francisco the living and enduring monument of new words.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Grave Turn

even discussions of grievances, let alone investigation, has brought .the conference to a grave turn, If she | wins her point, it is widely conceded here, the new league of nations, at best, will be only a shabby facade for a hollow shell. . If they can’t lay their cases before the league, and at least discuss them with freedom, the little nations say they see little point in belonging to such an organization. And if, for purposes of a paper victory, their delegates here agree to the full veto, the chances are against charter ratification when Hey return home.

Conference of Paradoxes

“PVT. McGEE IS = A REAL AMERICAN"

treatment that was inflicted on one

{ when they were in.the. same posi{tion as Joe McGee isn't | American.

sympathized with as if- they little tin. gods. to our thad hit our boys {likely get a medal or a ribbon for (bravery. The Germans get the same | amount of food as our they don’t go about an {they don’t do one-twentieth of the { work our

TT Forum

death

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies “excluded. Because of the volume received, let-

y Janice Fithian, 1315 Pleasant st.

I just finished reading about the

Bv W Philit Si of our. Aferican boys, Pvt. Joe Mc- States army.’ Private Wise, here ‘is « for y 3 , ray oly - y Wm. Fhilip Simms | Gee. As for my opinion, it was very| ters should be limited to 250 |, g64 question for you to answer: unjust. Joe McGee is only one of words. Letters must be J SAN FRANCISCO, June 5.—Rus- | the thousands who would do what : : o In case of war between the United sia’s insistence on the right to vetp | he did. Any American who wouldn't signed. Opinions set forth [States and Russia, who would these | i

here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The he eT Times assumes no responsi. would most| bility for the return of manu- | scripts and cannot enter cor-

much of an are treated and were It surely isn’t right

The Germans

boys:

they

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the

your right to say it.”

“WHO WOULD THESE COMMUNISTS BE FOR?” By The Watchman, Indianapolis Earl Browder claims there are 10,000 Communists in the United

Communists be for, States or Russia? Pvt. R. M. Wise reminds The Watchman that both our American government and the Communist government of Russia were the result of a “people's refolution” and the inference is t} these two,

absolutely divergent forms of gov-

the United

respondence regarding them. a p garding ) vth " ing and that neither you nor Mrs. Roosevelt | b o made clear was the priority rating y 11 oys do. If you would sssigned to her particular job order.

ernment, must be alike, That's the same old line and will fool nobody. { There is no similarity. The constitutional government of {the U. 8. A. is designed, intended

|On the Spot

J such: as Governor Dewey,

—hold-dewn-wages-of ordinary citizens; and when congress

actually means. There. is plenty of fanaticism in the Japanese army,

WHILE THIS has been a conference of paradoxes, » probably none has more astounded delegat es-than this | one.” With San Francisco as her stage Russia has starred as the champion of independence for colonials everywhere. Yet, simultaneously, she has been pre- | paring a way for nations already free to lose their independence and at the same time gag them to keep them from squawking. : Suppose, for example,

pedoes and the suicide dive bombers. is no master hypnotist urging the nation on to-its complete annihilation as was the case with the Germans and Hitler.

” the United States wanted BETTER PAY FOR CONGRESS

(CONGRESSIONAL salaries should be raised—in a right way at a right time. The right time will be when inflationary danger has passed and it is no longer necessary for government to

reductant. And suppose the United States provoked pressure methods to overthr ment. new league—for discussion, not necessarily for action —and the United States turned thumbs down on the discussion. Mexico woul left absolutely without | redress—unless, of cou hapultepec | came to her rescue, but that is nN institu- | tion and another story.

Analogy Is Not Far Fetched

ow the Mexican govern-

adopts a sound plan to improve its own efficiency. The right way must be candid. No subterfuge. Tricky attempts to get more money always backfire. Witness the |

embarrassment in congress over the $2500 tix-ffee ‘“‘ex- a Memon analogy is n tched. Russia 1d precisely those things to I ar 1 a year ago. pense account,” which the senate refused and the house | | In the new league. with such veto powers, Russia—or should abandon. | Britain, France, Erin or the United States—could Congressmen are the only federal -officials who have | Satiow Iran, oil and all and then keep her, or any : other country, from airing what happened, Under the to vote to raise their own pay. Some people will always | ,. coq rules for the league at least criticize them if they do raise their own pay. But they | Critics had a habit of saving thé old league decould take the sting out of such eriticism by adopting a | veloped into a glorified debayng society. The charge was largely true. But at | st 1 wast t. It did probill offered by Rep. Dirksen of Illinois. This bill would ask | vide a forum. Ant as late-ac 1932 it cot tn tha Pris the President and the chief justice to name a commission | ton commission to investiate the rape of Manchuria which, after independent study, would recommend a proper | 3nd that commission turned an excellent job. The | new 1 ~ nav not even a} te dn t + adjustment of congressional salaries. - NBD BY Sdusven hale 0 to na Discussion without the right to investigate is held ‘We think congress should pass the Dirks en bill, get! to be little enough. But without the right of discusthe outside guidance it would provide, and follow that | 51°. the new’league would be a complete travesty on atette] ot aaa a wd q ordinary justice. For the big powers it would provide gui ance in voting a salary increase'to go into eflect at | ymmunity. even from criticism. For the little nations the right time. there would be an official muzzle to keep them—in et = I of aggression—from crying out loud Prec speech ~ . : TERY 1s the first of the four freedoms, which Secretary of TIMELY W ARNING 3 | State Stettinius sdid are the fundamentals of all the : ") other rights and freedoms to secure which the nes ) LT Der 4 # Jow ¢ at a O . yi yeCul when ne new ( svery. Protestant, Jew and Catholic even vaguely | jeague ‘was conceived: but it would thus be killed aware of the growing cloud no bigger than millions of | where, of all places, it should be enshrined R uss] } ( Ow ) 10 - tugsian hands now forming over Eastern Europe, we com | Neither Is Likely to Back Down mend a~reading of Saturday's speech of Pope Pius XII. THE CRISIS is all the more serious becalise it inThese were not the-remadrks of a master militarist, a | volves furidamentals, Neither the United States noi political pationalist-or an ideological hothead. They were | | Great Brifliin js likely to back down. Certainly the " ; little nations won't. Unless therefore, Moscow is using the words of a.pious man humble in the sight of God butf the situation for bare ¢ purposes and’ yields ol : : uation xr bare ng purposes and yields on wise in the ways of statesmen. The world can well afford) this in order to get something else, the conference is to heed his timely warning. jus 3 ad Pot. indeed N chained by .such complete. veto powers, it is said Unlike many world figures today, the Holy Father he new’ league would be hafdiy TX than a convespeaks. from a love of his fellowman—of all races and | nient sounding board for international propaganda creeds—not from fear or hatred bf him. | Delegates could stand before a microphone and tell | : the world how their hearts bled for the poor, dowrral i a —————————————————— | trodden subject people Later in secret committee CANT TES FROM CONG RESS | rooms, the same delegates colld destroy the liberty of | nations already free an d then gag them

HE HOUSE is authorizing a committee of congressmen | to tour United States shores and beaches and reconlmend means of prey enting erosion by storms, currents and | other causes. We don’t know. just what the gentlemen ! £g | THERE IS not one single instafice so far as I

expect to learn on this trip, of whether they'll be more | know where a Jap military unit—squad, aircrew, garsuccessful ‘than King Canute was in curbing the ocean

So They Say —

risgn or ship's crew-—has ever. surrendered.—Lt. Col. | waves. But they certainly are picking a nice time of the | Selby \Calkins, American 33 -10rospDetzolt, | ear for it. ; ; iE : Ye ; J APPRECIATION of thie people of Britain for the

. sympathy and support they have received from

America is' unbounded.—Clark H. Minor, president,

“BRILLIANT,” ” HUH? 1 British War Relief society.

EPPA MUSSOLINI CIANO used to be described ag “bril- | YOU Li va a liant.” Some. people considered hey the power behind Ne Nore of Aouad rer mans: the balcony. them are.—Dr. Robert, Ley, Just recently Edda told: Reporter: Cust. Riess she want- front leader, od to copy her diaries on a typewriter but, finding the operation of that machine too much for her, gave i i shrill is from ou

1: » | ~ .

WE_WERE amazed to he out that no 0 BOVE ‘ment,

certain oil concessions from Mexico and Mexico proved | mass demonstrations inside Mexico and used other |

Then suppose Mexico took the matter to the |

JLEAST TWO SIDES”...

we You don’t know who most of foriners German iabor "

ney knows what to expect on the score tl] t.—R. J, Thomas, Used Attomobije |

only look at our poor boys out there|1 ynderstand that due to the and its purpose is to protect, prefighting and their lives and pressing needs of war production [serve and defend individual politijust look at the way the dear bhe- plants some business firms have, of cal liberty and economic freedom. loved Germans ‘treat them in. the physical necessity, been forced to do| The Communist government is deprison camps—they starve them with less service from the USES signed to deny individual political jand half the time they aren't even than would be true under normalland economic freedom, to regiment llucky enough'to get as much as a conditions. What prompted Mrs. | people, force them to obedience of drink of water. The Germans even Roosevelt, who should understand |the decrees and dictates of the rulsaid themselves, “It's a pleasure to|this situation better than 'most|ing masters. Communism brooks get captured.” If America wasn't people, to decide to utilize the serv-ino opposition, “purges” and “liqui{so foolish, they would get rid of a ices of the U. S. Employment Serv-|dates” dissenters and demands { few thousands of them ice at this particular time is some-|complete subservience from all the

oiviy givin

: To get back to my subject—Pvt. thing that is known only to her. | people. Communism is founded on Jos Megs 88 real American citi-| QOne thing that is a bit perplexing | despotism. nd anyone with American igs that Mrs. Roosevelt, by virtue of | That is a far cry-from the Ametiblood in ther will agree with me

her position, had generally been! can way of life. It is very much like | conceded 40 be. a fine judge of Hitler's way. But the main reason |character; -and in view of all the The Watchman has written what werk she_has-done along this Wise calls ‘poison pen letters” {By H. D. H., Indianapolis, it is all the more surprising that! is to show that the Communist plan | As an employee. of United she should employ someone whom | {and program for world domination {States Employment Service, now on She herself took no time nor trouble |is unfolding right before our eyes military leave, I read with some in-|to investigate. All the. methods of | —now. ‘terest both Mrs. Roosevelt's recent checking the man in question were! Hitler and Mussolini, as well as criticism of the employment serv-|/most certainly available to her and| | Japdn, were operating on the old

s "

“THERE ARE AT

the

ice, and your editorial of May 28|in her case there was only one man | law of conquest: “To the victor be{entitled ‘Mrs. Roosevelt Victimized.” ito check on! Were I in a similariongs the spoils.” The rest of the {This isn't the sort of thing that situation I'm sure I should have united Nations, except Russia, | particularly appeals to me, but I done this.

| which-made pacts with both Hitler 1 don't know what “ax you havels,q Japan, went to war to make the in this matter, but some- orl safe for wanton aggression. tion; there certainly seems to oe| Russia has raised a great cry Mrs. rave accidentally, or more than meets the eye. I think labout nations “collaborating” with otherwise, overlooked th hat little de- you mean to be fair, but somewhere |, . paccists but she has been the tail. Thank you for allowing me to along the line something put the chief collaborator Mr. Wise, the sketch in. a few ve a bit|dimout on the lamp that usually|oo. ooo To government is ms compl ure. furnishes the light of—‘give Hght |p octile to all other forms of govunderstand that all, employment and the people will find their own| \ernment. It has collaborated with

‘is now set I nriorities OW Set up on a priorities basis way.’ | both Hitler and Japan against the

think even you will grant that t are.at least two sides

her el. ques- [to grind” and I think that both you and how Roosevelt

tO every

ietails to gi

re complete picture

}

with the war production plants| Your editorials are usually very! Western powers. Its hostile attitude |engaged in production of the most|fair, ‘even when critical, but. this| “" -. ‘ tos i ry , Wh now in Europe is giving aid to Jacritically needed products being one, along with “My Day,” some- pan. Stalin is now occupying the given highest priorities. One thing | how got off the track, territory of thres United Nations

members — Poland, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia—and that is aggression. Isn't Stalin's program remarkably like Hitler's? ' Stalin is dictating other nations’ form of government. » n »

| “PVT. McGEE DID EXACTLY RIGHT” By Mrs. 8. C. Kuhlman, Columbus

Pvt. Joe McGee did exactly the right thing when he slapped those Germans for calling him filthy names and refusing to work. If it was against the laws of the Geneva convention, well that law should be abolished. My husband has been in the war against the Germans since October, 1042. If a German prisoner should call him filthy names, I would want him to do the same as Pvt, McGee did. It is about time we should be learning that it is wrong to pamper Germans. They need a slap instead of a pat on the back. I fully agree with everything Mrs. A. A. and Ralph Stinson said in the Hoosier Forum May 31. Germany

Side Glances —By Galbraith

civilized world, because it has been proven time and time again “they need a slap instead of a pat on the back.” ; . DAILY THOUGHT 1 This is my commandment, That +| ye love one \another as I have loved you.—~John-15:12, . — 1 ‘1 THINK, am sure, a brothers

com yor £A SERVIE, ING. T. WRIT

face in a few mir nutes, | bet

| out that area for the Prench, not for the Arabs.

should not have a place in the.

love sksteds ail th world loves in| Brown |

POLITICAL SCENE—

By Charles T. Lucey

* . a WASHINGTON, June 5.—Republicans are talking: expansively of AR a gains in next year's congressional A elections, but their ‘stand on the oy reciprocal trade agreements program is putting them on the spot ‘with labor. The bill extending the Hull - ‘trade agreements a’ d authorizing deeper tariff cuts passed the house over almost solid G. O. P. opposition. { It will be up in the senate in a few days, and | the administration is trying hard to establish a | bridgehead across the four-foot aisle that separates Democrats from Republicans. But the old G. O. P, | protectionist tariff tradition is heavy armor.

Only Seven Voted for Bill ON THE RECENT critical vote in the house, 167 Republicans voted ageing the bill and only seven voted for it. |

call, It placed an

those opp®sing it—right and wrong.

after the war and to post-war jobs for the U, 8, and the first test of congress on co-operation with the rest of the world for post-war prosperity,” the C. I. O, paper said. Some younger Republicans in the house believed it politically unhealthful to oppose the trade agreements program, but they went along for the sake of party regularity. tion did. not jibe with the position of party leaders

and Alfred M. Landon. Thus far only two senate Republicans have taken a position in favor of the trade agreements bill—Sene ators Aiken (Vt.) and Tobey (N. H.),

Oppose 50 Per cent Reduction MANY REPUBLICANS are ready to go along on straight-out extension of the trade agreements act, but oppose a provision which would allow cutting tariffs 50 per cent below present rates. Administra= tion officials say such..authority is needed if ‘this country is to be in good trading position when it sits down with other nations to digker on tariff reductions, The administration’s fight in the senate is believed likely to be even more difficult than it was in the house. In the finance committee, now holding heare ings, at least two Democrats are being counted as opposed to the measure—Senators Gerry (R. I.) and Johnson (Colo.). Another Democrat, Senator O'Mahoney (Wyo.) is ready to lead a fight for an amendment prowding that congress would have the .right to review all trade agreements within 60 gays after they have been negotiated. Administration supporters say this would cripple the program and place tariff-making back on the log-rolling basis of the Smoot-Hawley days, but Sen ator O'Mahoney contends the provision simply ree serves to congress that which rightfully belongs to it,

Farm, Labor Leaders Testify TWO YEARS ago, when the trade agreements act was renewed 18 Republican senators voted for it— but it did not contain a provision allowing an ine creased tariff cut as it does this year. Only three G. O. P. senators had voted for nenewal of the law val. In the year of its original enactment, 1934, the program drew five Republican votes. The administration is seeking to bolster its case. with testimony of farm and labor leaders. Among testifying are Clinton P. Anderson, newly appointed secretary of agriculture; Ed O'Neal of the American Farm Bureau federation, and James L. Carey, C. 1. O, secretary-treasurer.

IN WASHINGTON—

Outposts

By Daniel M. Kidney

WASHINGTON, June 5.—Office of war information outposts in the Levant have been working with the French trying to explain United. States policies te them, according to —. testimony of Thurman L. Bernard, executive director of the ‘OWI overseas branch, before the house ape propriations committee. What OWI does at such places was described by Mr. Bernard for the committee which recommended a $35,000,000 appropriation for OWL “Al the present we have headquarters for North Africa in Casablanca, with a branch at Algiers, and smaller operations at Rabat and Tunis,” Mr. Barnard said. “We carry on a regular outpost operation through

Service French Newspapers in Africa “FIRST, THERE is the gathering of information about; the problems that are in the minds of the French in that area, trying to find out what thew are worried about, what they are questioning abou$ American policy and American activities. “Pirst of all, we get intelligence through contacts with the American consuls é the leading French people, the editors, radio, station proprietors, and , teachers, And A of the opinion-forming people in that area. “Then, hav ing decided what the problems are, we carry on a news activity, servicing the French news= papers throughout North Africa with the material that iz sent from here, giving the American point of view. That material consists of news stories which are not ordinarily carried by the wire services, such as full texts of speeches that are made in congress, speeches by the President, releases and documents from the San Francisco conference. “We also make available pictures of the Pacifie war activities and, until recent times, of. European war activittes, showing the part the American soldiers are playing. newspapers that do not. have facilities for making plates themselves,

Radio-Photo Operation to Casablanca “WE HAVE a radio-photo operations to Casae blanca on which we senc¢ out from New York about eight news pictures a day. This service goes to the papers. “We have a publications operation, and we dise tribute copies of our various publications, Victory, U. 8. A., Photo Review, and our booklets, all done in French, We distribute them throughout that whole area. “We also carry on a documentary motion picture activity using 16-millimeter film. We distribute docu mentaries that have been made by OWI or acquired by us from the industry or from other government agencies. The United News Reel is also distributed to the movie theaters throughout North Africa.” Spanish broadcasts are made by OWI over a radio station at Rabat which gets into Spain, Mr. Barnard explained, and continued: “One of our most successful activities in North Africa have been our exhibits... We have a number of what we call propaganda shops, or exhibit centers, and every week we arrange a photographic exhibit, “These exhibits are now largely .devoted to the Pacific war, because we have, a big problem through out Europe of convincing the people that America still has a tremendous job left to do in the Pacific. “These exhibits - have been extremely popular, When I was in Algiers, in September, 7500 people a day were going through the store in which, we had a large photographic “display showing the part the

To The Point—

A THREE-LETTER word meaning the worst pose Now

"You missed your caling, Mom—the. way you. can. pratt up your you'd be a swell artist on.canvas!’

And this week be C. I. O. news published » roll l “R" after names of those who |! voted for the bill and a “W” after-the names of

“The act is a necessity to expanded ‘world trade |

,But they acknowledged that this opposi« |

the late Wendell Willkie |

Plastic plates. are furnished for the

American forces were playing in the war in Europe,” * —————————————————— re

sie time for you to let down in YOUr War effortes :